CN103131869A - Extraction method for high-lead high-silver arsenious complex gold concentrate - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an extraction method for high-lead high-silver arsenious complex gold concentrate. The extraction method is characterized by adopting an oxygen bottom blowing-liquid slag pulverized coal direct reduction technology and comprising the following processing steps of: burdening, pelletizing, smelting by a bottom blowing furnace, blowing by a reducing furnace, blowing by a fuming furnace, collecting dust, carrying out water quenching on slag, refining and electrolyzing. The extraction method is low in investment and energy consumption, simple in equipment system and easy to operate and control, can be used for realizing continuous production run, treating various high-lead high-silver arsenious complex gold concentrates, recycling valuable elements in the concentrate such as gold, silver, antimony, bismuth, lead, zinc, arsenic and sulphur, and solving the problems that the existing high-lead high-silver arsenious complex gold concentrate is difficult to treat, the utilization rate of heat energy is low and the reducing effect is poor.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to metallurgical technology field, is the extracting method that high plumbous high silver contains arsenic complicated golden ore concentrate specifically.
Background technology:
The utilization of the oxygen bottom-blowing that uses along with domestic Henan light gold plumbous company-reduction furnace Direct Reduction Technology, started the beginning that contains lead ore melting slag direct-reduction, but this technique can only be processed impure low mineral, containing the arsenic complicated ore can't process, the environment of this process portion operation such as finishing slag work for the treatment of simultaneously is poor, and the recovery rate of valuable metals in the ore deposit is not high; Sweet natural gas retailoring can't be realized in a lot of areas because of the limitation of conditions in addition, can only adopt this comparatively economic reductive agent of fine coal, but prior art can only realize the fine coal side-blown, causes heat utilization rate low, and reduction effect is poor.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and the extracting method that provides the high silver of a kind of high lead to contain arsenic complicated golden ore concentrate, mainly solve and contain the difficult and problem such as heat utilization rate is low, reduction effect is poor of arsenic minerals.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: high plumbous high silver contains the extracting method of arsenic complicated golden ore concentrate, and its special character is to comprise following processing step:
Raw material, returning charge and Wingdale, quartzite mixing humidification are granulated in a batching and granulation, Pb grade 〉=38% that feeds intake, sulphur grade 〉=16%;
The melting of b bottom convertor, raw material after granulation drop into bottom convertor and carry out oxidizing semlting with the oxygen reaction that passes into from furnace bottom, and temperature 900-1200 ℃, generate lead bullion and melting slag that 90%-98% contains the valency element, one time lead bullion is sent to the refining electrolysis through ingot casting; The melting slag that generates utilizes the discrepancy in elevation directly to deliver to reduction furnace by chute;
The blowing of c reduction furnace, the melting slag that bottom convertor is come generates the secondary lead bullion that contains the valency element under reducing atmosphere, the fine coal of reductive agent for spraying into from furnace bottom, and the quick concurrent heating temperature raising of employing electrode, secondary lead bullion and slag that reduction produces are incompatible, form layering, bottom secondary lead bullion send the refining electrolysis after ingot casting; The upper strata slag utilizes the discrepancy in elevation can enter fuming furnace by chute, also can directly enter the finishing slag water quenching system and process later on again;
The reduction furnace main chemical reactions:
C＋O2＝CO2
C＋CO2＝2CO
PbO＋(C)CO＝Pb+( CO)CO2；
The d fuming furnace blowing blasts the reaction of air and fine coal heat energy is provided in fuming furnace, temperature reclaims the ZnO in slag at 1050-1250 ℃, and the iron-containing slag after processing enters water quenching system;
The fuming furnace main chemical reactions:
C＋O2＝CO2
C＋CO2＝2CO
ZnO＋（C）CO＝Zn+ (CO) CO2
On stove top:
2Zn＋O2＝2ZnO Zn＋CO2＝ZnO＋CO；
The shrend of e finishing slag, it is cooling by the high pressure water that the granulation tower ejects that the high temperature warm sludge that fuming furnace or reduction furnace come enters the granulation tower by the slag chute, generate grain slag and mix with water, enter the granulation tower bottom, then pulp water is delivered to the built-in divider of dewatering drum, slag-water slurry falls into the both sides, bottom of the drum together, thereby the rotation by the rotary drum orientation separates pulp water, the safety and environmental protection of realizing liquid slag reclaims, the incomplete slag particle that dewaters enters pond below rotary drum with water, is more again beaten by recycle pump and carry out pulp water to divider and separate;
The f operation of gathering dust, bottom convertor flue gas enter dust precipitator and remove wherein flue dust after the waste heat boiler recovery waste heat, to 130-150 ℃, As2O3 in flue gas are become solid-state through the quench tower spraying cooling by gaseous state, then capture to reclaim with bagroom and take out; The gather dust flue dust collected of electricity is delivered to the revert system batching; The flue gas that gathers dust after arsenic send acid making system to produce sulfuric acid; Reduction furnace and fuming furnace flue gas send desulphurization system through waste heat recovery, cooling after dedusting, and the reduction furnace flue dust of accepting that gathers dust returns batching, and the fuming furnace zinc oxide fumes packing that reclaims of gathering dust is taken out; Copper dross slag reverberatory furnace flue gas send desulphurization system through the dedusting that cools after the further flue of bagroom, and the flue dust of accepting send the concentrate store batching;
G refining electrolysis, once, at first preliminary refining in market pot of secondary lead bullion, make through adding sulphur the purpose that copper dross slag reaches impurity such as removing copper, tin, and adjust antimony content to 1%-1.5%, then be cast into chloride plate, chloride plate is produced qualified plumbous product through electrolysis process, and the valency element anode sludge that contains that electrolysis produces send the valuable metals such as precious metal workshop recovery gold and silver, antimony, bismuth after pulp, washing, press filtration; The market pot copper dross slag is by adding coke powder, soda ash, iron filings to carry out reverberatory smelting, and the slag ingot casting of output returns to the market pot refining, and the copper matte regulus of output is transported to the copper smelting system through ingot casting and reclaims copper.
Further, the described raw material of a step contains arsenic complicated golden ore concentrate as main take the plumbous high silver of height, also can process or allocate into the conventional ore deposits such as lead ore concentrate, zinc ore concentrate, gold ore.
Further, the described bottom convertor smelting system of b step is established casting slag equipment, and when reduction furnace can not normally be produced, melting slag can directly be cast the slag ingot and pile up with aftertreatment, does not affect bottom-blown smelting and normally produces.
Further, the described reducing atmosphere of c step is by passing into fine coal from the bottom, control the proportioning of fine coal and oxygen, make to occur reducing atmosphere in stove, pass into nitrogen and de-mineralized water around the fine coal spray gun simultaneously, protection fine coal spray gun.
Further, heat-storage type burner is used in the preliminary refining of the described lead bullion of g step in market pot provides heat for market pot, and by this medium of heat storage, the fume afterheat overwhelming majority of discharge converts the physical thermal of combustion medium to, is fully recycled.
The plumbous high silver of height of the present invention contains the extracting method of arsenic complicated golden ore concentrate, to granulate after the plumbous high silver of height is contained arsenic complicated golden ore concentrate, Wingdale and quartzite, returning charge (reduction furnace, bottom convertor and reverberatory furnace flue dust) mixing, send into oxygen bottom blowing smelter oxidizing semlting, output contains lead bullion of valency element and melting slag; Melting slag flows directly into by chute and carries out retailoring in reduction furnace, and the retailoring process needs to add Wingdale to adjust the slag type according to practical situation, contains secondary lead bullion and the reduced blast furnace of valency element through the retailoring output; Reduced blast furnace blows from flowing into fuming furnace by slipping grain, output zinc oxide fumes and finishing slag; Zinc oxide fumes is taken out after collecting; Take out as the raw material of producing material of construction after the finishing slag shrend. the flue gas of bottom convertor output through waste heat recovery, gather dust, after quenching receives arsenic, send sulfuric acid plant relieving haperacidity; Reduction furnace, fuming furnace flue gas are because of SO
2Concentration is lower, and flue gas directly send desulphurization system through waste heat recovery, after gathering dust; Bottom convertor, reduction furnace output contain valency element lead bullion power transmission solution workshop, be cast into qualified positive plate through the preliminary refining copper removal of pyrogenic process, after dragging for the operation such as scum silica frost and carry out electrorefining, output lead pig and contain the valency element anode sludge; Contain the valency element anode sludge and reclaim the valuable elements such as gold and silver, bismuth, antimony through traditional recovery process.
Compared with the prior art the extracting method that the plumbous high silver of height of the present invention contains arsenic complicated golden ore concentrate has outstanding substantive distinguishing features and marked improvement:
1, adopt oxygen bottom blowing, do not need the coal blending concurrent heating in feed stock for blast furnace, realized complete spontaneous combustion, slag notch adopts is interrupted the overflow slagging, can realize continuous discharging slag in production, puts plumbous mouthful and adopts siphon principle discharging lead bullion, simple to operate, the melting slag of bottom convertor directly arrives reduction furnace by chute, takes full advantage of the heat energy of melting slag, has saved energy consumption;
2, bottom convertor flue gas processing increase quenching receipts arsenic equipment has solved traditional technology and can't process the problem that contains arsenic minerals, makes method of the present invention can process the various arsenic complicated ore that contain, and this technology is stronger to the adaptability of various furnace charges;
3, adopt liquid slag fine coal bottom blowing Direct Reduction Technology, the injecting coal quantity DCS full automatic control of every spray gun as reductive agent, adopts the quick concurrent heating temperature raising of Graphite Electrodes with cheap fine coal, can improve the mobility of slag; Adopt simultaneously nitrogen, de-mineralized water bottom blowing protection coal rifle, extended coal rifle work-ing life; Compare with traditional fine coal side-blown, exhaust gas volumn is little, and utilization rate of heat value is high, and reduction efficiency is high;
4, the shrend mode that adopts the granulation tower to combine with rotor system is processed finishing slag, can realize that the safety and environmental protection of liquid slag reclaims;
5, use regenerative combustion technology and provide heat for market pot, by this medium of heat storage, the fume afterheat overwhelming majority of discharge converts the physical thermal of combustion medium to, is fully recycled, and heat utilization rate is higher;
6, the technical process handiness is high, bottom convertor, reduction furnace, fuming furnace, slag disposal system not only can produce continuously but also can part system produce separately.The high plumbous melting slag of bottom convertor can not advance reduction furnace, casts the slag ingot through straight line casting slag machine, and the slag of reduction furnace also can be without fuming furnace, can directly enter the slag input treatment system, every cover system is simple to operate, facilitates the employee in the situation that do not stop production, and realizes the repair and maintenance of each equipment;
Embodiment:
For Comprehension and Implementation better, describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1, selects the multielement complicated ore (composition sees Table 1) such as leaded, gold and silver, arsenic, copper, sulphur, lead, zinc, and main technological steps is as follows:
Table 1 material composition table
| Element | Pb | Fe | S | SiO 2 | CaO | Cu |
| Content (%) | 38 | 11 | 18 | 15 | 1.5 | 1.2 |
| Element | Bi | Sb | Zn | As | Au | Ag |
| Content (%) | 0.12 | 0.25 | 6.5 | 3.5 | 20g/t | 0.1 |
1, batching and granulation:
The plumbous high silver of above-mentioned height is contained the auxiliary materials such as arsenic complicated golden ore concentrate, Wingdale, quartzite by feeding machine separately, be transported to the disk pelletizing machine through belt, with the returning charge mixing granulation that gathers dust and accept from bottom convertor, reduction furnace, reverberatory furnace; The disk pelletizing machine is in the situation that replenish suitable water, and by centrifugal force, the frictional force effect is made the satisfactory spherical material of granularity with the fine granularity pulverulent material, by belt in constant feeder joins bottom convertor; Carry out smoothly in order to guarantee to produce, usually contain arsenic complicated golden ore concentrate as main take the plumbous high silver of height, also can process or allocate into the conventional ore deposits such as lead ore concentrate, zinc ore concentrate, gold ore, the Various Complex mineral are mixed to use only needs to guarantee to feed intake Pb grade 〉=38%, sulphur grade 〉=16% need not considered the foreign matter contents such as arsenic;
2, bottom convertor melting:
oxygen generating station provides oxygen, nitrogen, control 900-1200 ℃ of temperature, make said mixture material and the oxygen reaction that passes into by bottom oxygen rifle, pass into nitrogen protection oxygen rifle, generate the lead bullion that contains the valency element and the melting slag of 90%-98%, lead bullion and melting slag are incompatible, and lead bullion density is large, thereby reach separation, putting plumbous mouthful adopts siphon principle to discharge a lead bullion, send to the refining electrolysis through ingot casting, melting slag (the main component PbO that generates, FeO, ZnO etc.) directly enter in reduction furnace by chute, slagging time 20min, put lead bullion time 20min one time, lead bullion is sent to potroom through the disk ingot casting, the flue gas that produces is through the waste heat boiler recovery waste heat, after electric precipitation gathers dust, enter quench tower and be cooled to 130-150 ℃, send into sack cleaner and reclaim arsenic, the white arsenic of accepting is taken out, flue gas is sent to relieving haperacidity, high lead slag directly enters in reduction furnace through chute, increase casting slag equipment in this system simultaneously, when reduction furnace can not normally be produced, melting slag can directly be cast the slag ingot and pile up with aftertreatment, does not affect bottom-blown smelting and normally produces,
3, reduction furnace blowing:
fine coal is provided through the fine coal preparation by broken coal, fine coal is sprayed onto in reduction furnace by each spray gun through the oxygen that provides with oxygen generating station after measuring with compressed air delivery, pass into nitrogen and de-mineralized water around the fine coal spray gun simultaneously, protection fine coal spray gun, control the proportioning of fine coal and oxygen, fine coal and oxygen are used for providing energy, produce reducing atmosphere reduce the blowing bottom convertor melting slag, generation contains valency element secondary lead bullion, add CaO (adding by 200kg/h) to adjust the slag type in converting process, realize quick concurrent heating temperature raising with Graphite Electrodes, reduction blowing through 50 min, the slag that is positioned at the upper strata that blowing produces directly enters fuming furnace by chute, also can directly enter the finishing slag water quenching system processes later on again, the secondary lead bullion is sent to electrorefining after disc casting machine ingot casting, the reduction furnace flue gas after the surface cooler cooling, reclaims flue dust by sack cleaner through the waste heat boiler recovery waste heat, and after dedusting, flue gas effluxes after sending the desulphurization system processing up to standard.The reduction furnace flue dust of accepting that gathers dust returns batching, and the fuming furnace zinc oxide fumes packing that reclaims of gathering dust is taken out;
The reduction furnace main chemical reactions:
C＋O2＝CO2
C＋CO2＝2CO
PbO＋(C)CO＝Pb+( CO)CO2；
4, fuming furnace blowing:
The fine coal that the air that gas blower provides and fine coal prepare output mixes from lower side and is blown into the slag of fuming furnace melting, output heat and CO after burning, control temperature at 1050-1250 ℃, make and melt slag maintenance high temperature and zinc compound, lead-containing compounds are reduced into zinc, evaporate into the stove upper space, be oxidized to once again zinc oxide by the oxygen of the carbonic acid gas in furnace gas and suction, enter dust collecting system with furnace gas and be collected; 120 minutes working cycles, wherein charging: 20 min, duration of blast 80min, slagging times 20 min; The fuming furnace flue gas after the surface cooler cooling, reclaims flue dust by sack cleaner through the waste heat boiler recovery waste heat, and after dedusting, flue gas effluxes after sending the desulphurization system processing up to standard; The zinc oxide fumes packing take-away that fuming furnace gathers dust and reclaims; Iron-containing slag after processing enters water quenching system;
The fuming furnace main chemical reactions:
C＋O2＝CO2
C＋CO2＝2CO
ZnO＋（C）CO＝Zn+ (CO) CO2
On stove top:
2Zn＋O2＝2ZnO Zn＋CO2＝ZnO＋CO；
5, finishing slag shrend:
Fuming furnace or reduction furnace blowing produce a large amount of high-temperature liquid state slags, by the slag chute, the high pressure water that ejects through the granulation tower carries out shower cooling to warm sludge, produce grain slag, fall in the granulation tower and mix with water, then pulp water enters the built-in divider of dewatering drum and processes, slag-water slurry falls into the both sides, bottom of the drum together, thereby the rotation by the rotary drum orientation separates pulp water, the safety and environmental protection of realizing liquid slag reclaims, the incomplete slag particle that dewaters enters pond below rotary drum with water, is more again beaten by recycle pump and carry out pulp water to divider and separate;
6, refining of lead bullion electrolysis:
Lead bullion, secondary lead bullion be preliminary refining in market pot, provide heat energy by the coal gas of gas station preparation as the fuel of heat-storage type burner, by this medium of heat storage, the fume afterheat overwhelming majority of discharge converts the physical thermal of combustion medium to, is fully recycled; Process adds the impurity such as sulphur copper removal, tin, and adjusts antimony content to 1%-1.5%, then is cast into chloride plate; Chloride plate goes out qualified plumbous product through traditional electrolysis explained hereafter, and the valency element anode sludge that contains that electrolysis produces send the metals such as valuable element workshop recovery gold and silver, antimony, bismuth after pulp, washing, press filtration;
The market pot copper dross slag is by adding the auxiliary materials such as coke powder, soda ash, iron filings to carry out reverberatory smelting, and the slag ingot casting of output returns to the market pot refining, and the copper matte regulus of output is transported to the copper smelting system through ingot casting and reclaims copper.
Comprehensive technical indexes after aforesaid method is processed is as follows:
Metal recovery rate after bottom convertor, reduction furnace are processed
| Pb（%） | Au（%） | Ag（%） | Cu（%） | S（%） |
| 97.54 | 98.97 | 98.41 | 88.53 | 98.12 |
The fuming furnace metal recovery rate
| Pb（%） | Zn（%） |
| 95.87 | 93.99 |
Claims (5)
1. high plumbous high silver contains the extracting method of arsenic complicated golden ore concentrate, it is characterized in that comprising following processing step:
Raw material, returning charge and Wingdale, quartzite mixing humidification are granulated in a batching and granulation, Pb grade 〉=38% that feeds intake, sulphur grade 〉=16%;
The melting of b bottom convertor, raw material after granulation drop into bottom convertor and carry out oxidizing semlting with the oxygen reaction that passes into from furnace bottom, and 900-1200 ℃ of protection temperature generates lead bullion and melting slag that 90%-98% contains the valency element, and one time lead bullion is sent to the refining electrolysis through ingot casting; The melting slag that generates utilizes the discrepancy in elevation directly to deliver to reduction furnace by chute;
The blowing of c reduction furnace, the melting slag that bottom convertor is come generates the secondary lead bullion that contains the valency element under reducing atmosphere, the fine coal of reductive agent for spraying into from furnace bottom, and the quick concurrent heating temperature raising of employing electrode, secondary lead bullion and slag that reduction produces are incompatible, form layering, bottom secondary lead bullion send the refining electrolysis after ingot casting; The upper strata slag utilizes the discrepancy in elevation can enter fuming furnace by chute, also can directly enter the finishing slag water quenching system and process later on again;
The reduction furnace main chemical reactions:
C＋O2＝CO2
C＋CO2＝2CO
PbO＋(C)CO＝Pb+( CO)CO2；
The d fuming furnace blowing blasts the reaction of air and fine coal heat energy is provided in fuming furnace, temperature reclaims the ZnO in slag at 1050-1250 ℃, and the iron-containing slag after processing enters water quenching system;
The fuming furnace main chemical reactions:
C＋O2＝CO2
C＋CO2＝2CO
ZnO＋（C）CO＝Zn+ (CO) CO2
On stove top:
2Zn＋O2＝2ZnO Zn＋CO2＝ZnO＋CO；
The shrend of e finishing slag, it is cooling by the high pressure water that the granulation tower ejects that the high temperature warm sludge that fuming furnace or reduction furnace come enters the granulation tower by the slag chute, generate grain slag and mix with water, enter the granulation tower bottom, then pulp water is delivered to the built-in divider of dewatering drum, slag-water slurry falls into the both sides, bottom of the drum together, thereby the rotation by the rotary drum orientation separates pulp water, the safety and environmental protection of realizing liquid slag reclaims, the incomplete slag particle that dewaters enters pond below rotary drum with water, is more again beaten by recycle pump and carry out pulp water to divider and separate;
The f operation of gathering dust, bottom convertor flue gas enter dust precipitator and remove wherein flue dust after the waste heat boiler recovery waste heat, to 130-150 ℃, As2O3 in flue gas are become solid-state through the quench tower spraying cooling by gaseous state, then capture to reclaim with bagroom and take out; The gather dust flue dust collected of electricity is delivered to the revert system batching; The flue gas that gathers dust after arsenic send acid making system to produce sulfuric acid; Reduction furnace and fuming furnace flue gas send desulphurization system through waste heat recovery, cooling after dedusting, and the reduction furnace flue dust of accepting that gathers dust returns batching, and the fuming furnace zinc oxide fumes packing that reclaims of gathering dust is taken out; Copper dross slag reverberatory furnace flue gas send desulphurization system through the dedusting that cools after the further flue of bagroom, and the flue dust of accepting send the concentrate store batching;
G refining electrolysis, once, at first preliminary refining in market pot of secondary lead bullion, make through adding sulphur the purpose that copper dross slag reaches impurity such as removing copper, tin, and adjust antimony content to 1%-1.5%, then be cast into chloride plate, chloride plate is produced qualified plumbous product through electrolysis process, and the valency element anode sludge that contains that electrolysis produces send the valuable metals such as precious metal workshop recovery gold and silver, antimony, bismuth after pulp, washing, press filtration; The market pot copper dross slag is by adding coke powder, soda ash, iron filings to carry out reverberatory smelting, and the slag ingot casting of output returns to the market pot refining, and the copper matte regulus of output is transported to the copper smelting system through ingot casting and reclaims copper.
2. the plumbous high silver of height according to claim 1 contains the extracting method of arsenic complicated golden ore concentrate, it is characterized in that the described raw material of a step contains arsenic complicated golden ore concentrate as main take the plumbous high silver of height, also can process or allocate into the conventional ore deposits such as lead ore concentrate, zinc ore concentrate, gold ore.
3. the plumbous high silver of height according to claim 1 contains the extracting method of arsenic complicated golden ore concentrate, it is characterized in that the described bottom convertor smelting system of b step establishes casting slag equipment, when reduction furnace can not normally be produced, melting slag can directly be cast the slag ingot and pile up with aftertreatment, does not affect bottom-blown smelting and normally produces.
4. the plumbous high silver of height according to claim 1 contains the extracting method of arsenic complicated golden ore concentrate; it is characterized in that the described reducing atmosphere of c step is by passing into fine coal from the bottom; control the proportioning of fine coal and oxygen; make and occur reducing atmosphere in stove; pass into nitrogen and de-mineralized water around the fine coal spray gun simultaneously, protection fine coal spray gun.
5. the plumbous high silver of height according to claim 1 contains the extracting method of arsenic complicated golden ore concentrate, it is characterized in that the preliminary refining application heat-storage type burner of the described lead bullion of g step in market pot provides heat for market pot, by this medium of heat storage, the fume afterheat overwhelming majority of discharging converts the physical thermal of combustion medium to, is fully recycled.
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| CN104152702A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2014-11-19 | 郴州市金贵银业股份有限公司 | Method for smelting lead anode slime |
| CN104372381A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-02-25 | 江西瑞林装备有限公司 | Lead electrolysis plant and lead electrolysis method |
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| CN112359206A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-02-12 | 福达合金材料股份有限公司 | Method for electrolytic impurity removal and recycling of silver tin oxide scraps |
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| CN116411175A (en) * | 2023-06-12 | 2023-07-11 | 昆明理工大学 | Fire refining method for complex lead bullion |
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