CN103128422B - Device and method for magnetic control of wet process underwater welding - Google Patents
Device and method for magnetic control of wet process underwater welding Download PDFInfo
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- CN103128422B CN103128422B CN201310031808.1A CN201310031808A CN103128422B CN 103128422 B CN103128422 B CN 103128422B CN 201310031808 A CN201310031808 A CN 201310031808A CN 103128422 B CN103128422 B CN 103128422B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and method for magnetic control of underwater welding, in particular to a device and method for the magnetic control of the wet process underwater welding and is applicable to the technical field of welding. The problem in the existing underwater welding that globular transfer can not be transited to a base material easily is solved. The magnetic control device is formed by an excitation power supply, a magnetic conducting core, an excitation coil, a copper sleeve, an upper end cover and a lower end cover. The magnetic control method includes that 1, the magnetic control device is installed, and the excitation power supply is connected; 2, a welding wire penetrates through a through hole of the magnetic conducting core, protecting gas is exerted, and an electric arc between the welding wire and a welding workpiece is ignited, namely wet process underwater welding is finished. The device and method for the magnetic control of the wet process underwater welding is applied to the technical field of welding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to magnetic control means and the method for Underwater Welding, be applicable to welding technology field.
Background technology
Along with the development and utilization of marine resources, the repairing on offshore oilfield pipeline, marine drilling platform, naval vessel all needs underwater welding technology.Underwater Welding comprises dry method, local dry cavity and wet method.Wet method Underwater Welding, owing to not needing complicated equipment, to be dived to welding under water by diver or equipment, is had simple to operate, willing feature.When carrying out wet method Underwater Welding, welding quality is larger by the impact of the factors such as welding parameter, Welding Structure, environment, the depth of water.Especially the droplet transfer in Underwater Welding, owing to being subject to the impact of high pressure chilling environment, molten drop is not easy to be transitioned into mother metal, causes poor welding quality, appearance forming poor.
Magnetic control solder technology perfect gradually is in recent years solve the various problems run in current Underwater Welding to provide a kind of effective means.On the one hand, externally-applied magnetic field can significantly increase arc column electric-field intensity, energy density and arc stiffness, so be expected to the root problem fundamentally solving the development of restriction Underwater Welding, namely the problem that electric arc is unstable and the droplet transfer is difficult, and improve weld quality by means of the function composite by electromagnetic stirring of longitudinal magnetic field.On the other hand, magnetic control technology is applied in Underwater Welding the advantage of some uniquenesses: one is that underwater environment need not consider the problem that magnetic head dispels the heat, and big current therefore can be adopted to obtain the magnetic field of more high strength, reach better magnetic control effect; Two is that magnetic control means under high pressure also can normally work, and device is simple, has applicability widely.
But the application during magnetic control technology welds under water also has a lot of urgent problem.First underwater environment is severe, as seawater has strong galvano-cautery effect to metal material, so certain mode must be adopted to protect magnetic head.In addition because Underwater Welding and the welding process of welding waterborne are not identical, arc characteristic, droplet transfer, molten bath crystallization process etc. have a great difference, so magnetic control mode is not suitable for indiscriminately imitating common magnetic control welding method.
The present invention is a kind of magnetic control method for wet method Underwater Welding and device, for the application and development during magnetic control technology welds under water provides reliable technical support.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the problem being not easy to be transitioned into mother metal the droplet transfer that will solve in existing Underwater Welding, and provides a kind of magnetic control means for wet method Underwater Welding and method.
A kind of magnetic control means for wet method Underwater Welding is by field power supply, conducting magnet core, magnet exciting coil, copper sleeve, upper end cover and bottom end cover are formed, described conducting magnet core is the tubular of hollow, excitation wire is around on the outer surface of conducting magnet core, copper sleeve covers on outside magnet exciting coil, described upper end cover covers in copper sleeve upper end, described bottom end cover covers in copper sleeve lower end, the downward enlarging in bottom for conducting magnet core described in the magnetic control means of wet method Underwater Welding described in it is characterized in that forms internal conical surface, the lead-out wire of described magnet exciting coil is drawn by bakelite ring, described bakelite ring utilizes silica gel to seal, cavity is left between described magnet exciting coil and copper sleeve, hydraulic oil is filled with in cavity, sealing ring is provided with between described copper sleeve and upper end cover, lower seal is provided with between described copper sleeve and bottom end cover, described upper sealing ring is undertaken fastening by the screw thread between upper end cover and conducting magnet core, described lower seal is undertaken fastening by the screw thread between bottom end cover and conducting magnet core.
Operation principle:
Above welding work pieces, use one with the coaxial magnet exciting coil of conducting magnet core and welding torch, exciting current is provided by field power supply, produce the externally-applied magnetic field of constant, alternation or pulse, this outside Longitudinal Magnetic-field Has Comprehensive Control welding arc, wire melting, droplet transfer, melting bath stirring and process of setting, under certain welding parameter and magnetic field parameter, reach and improve the input of Underwater Welding heat, the object promote the Underwater Welding droplet transfer, improving Underwater Welding arc stability, improve Underwater Welding welding seam tissue capability.
Magnetic control means is made up of magnetic head and field power supply two parts, field power supply is for generation of the exciting current of rule change on request, magnetic head is for generation of the magnetic field conformed to exciting current, field power supply can select direct current according to the welding control overflow of reality, exchange, the pulse power, field power supply requires stable performance, the adjustment of parameter can be carried out, in order to ensure that magnetic head seals completely, sealing ring is provided with between copper sleeve and upper and lower end cap, undertaken fastening by the threaded engagement between upper and lower end cap and conducting magnet core, to ensure closely cooperating of copper sleeve and upper and lower end cap, the lead-out wire of magnet exciting coil is drawn by bakelite ring, bakelite ring utilizes silica gel to seal.
Certain cavity is left between magnet exciting coil and copper sleeve, hydraulic oil is filled with in cavity, the object of hydraulic oil is adopted to have two, on the one hand, hydraulic oil has good heat conductivity and corrosion-resisting resisting resistance, contributes to the heat radiation of magnetic head and prevents iron core corrosion, on the other hand, hydraulic oil can slow down the compression of high pressure to copper sleeve of water, prevents it from deforming.
The lower end of conducting magnet core is designed to the taper seat concaved; on the one hand; for underwater gas shielded arc welding; such structure is conducive to the region forming a local desiccation on the top of weld zone; the protected effect of gas is strengthened greatly; on the other hand, such structure nearly work end can obtain desirable magnetic field intensity and distribution in weld zone, to control the reverse plasma jet affecting the Underwater Welding droplet transfer.The iron core of this kind of form not only makes the longitudinal component in the magnetic field of the nearly work end in weld zone reduce, cross stream component increases, total magnetic field intensity increases, magnetic field is also made to there occurs change in the distribution of weld zone, become non-uniform magnetic-field from the magnetic field of approaches uniformity, magnetic field is exactly the motion that preventing belt charged particle passes through magnetic induction line for the basic role of charged particle, suppresses reverse plasma jet, promote forward plasma jet, ensure the normal droplet transfer.
A kind of magnetic control method for wet method Underwater Welding applying a kind of magnetic control means for wet method Underwater Welding realizes according to the following steps:
Step one, under the depth of water 1 ~ 500m condition, above welding work pieces, load onto magnetic control means and connect field power supply;
Step 2, by welding wire through the through hole of conducting magnet core, apply protective gas and the electric arc ignited between welding wire with welding work pieces starts to weld; Wherein, the exciting current of described magnetic control means is 1 ~ 20A; excitation frequency is 1 ~ 50HZ; described wet method Underwater Welding electric current is 150 ~ 500A; wire feed rate is 2 ~ 50m/min, and gage of wire is 0.8 ~ 2.4mm, and shield gas flow rate is 0 ~ 50L/min; weldingvoltage is 20 ~ 60V, and speed of welding is 500 ~ 1000mm/min.
Invention effect:
The invention provides a kind of method of magnetic control wet method Underwater Welding and simply small and exquisite, that easy accessibility, insulated enclosure are good, magnetic field parameter is adjustable, magnetic control is respond well magnetic control means.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, tool of the present invention has the following advantages and effect:
1. heat dissipation problem is the important reason of of restriction magnetic control solder technology development, and under water in environment without the need to considering magnetic control means heat dissipation problem, cooling mechanism need not be designed, enormously simplify the structure of magnetic head, magnetic head can the work of long-time stable, higher exciting current can be adopted to produce more high-intensity magnetic field simultaneously, break the use limitation of magnetic control solder technology.
2., under certain welding conditions, the externally-applied magnetic field produced by this magnetic control means can solve the problems such as electric arc in underwater wet welding is unstable, the droplet transfer is difficult, reduces the defects such as pore, crackle, slag inclusion, improves the performance of welding point.
3. no matter be additional constant longitudinal magnetic field or alternating magnetic field, the energy density of electric arc can be added, improve the frequency of droplet transfer, wherein alternating magnetic field is due to eddy heating for heating effect, obtain higher energy density, the raising of energy density means higher speed of welding can be adopted to weld, and improves welding efficiency.
4. technology has wide range of applications, and equipment needed thereby is simple, for Underwater Welding is laid a solid foundation toward low cost, high efficiency, high-quality, intelligent development.
5. the work that magnetic control means also can be stable in hyperbaric environment, so propelling Underwater Welding develops to darker waters by magnetic control technology.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is apparatus structure schematic diagram of the present invention; Wherein, 1 for field power supply, 2-1 be conducting magnet core, 2-1-1 is through hole, 2-2 is magnet exciting coil, 2-3 is copper sleeve, 2-4 is upper end cover, 2-5 is bottom end cover, 2-6 is bakelite ring, 2-7 is upper sealing ring, 2-8 be lower seal, 3 is welding work pieces.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention one: a kind of magnetic control means for wet method Underwater Welding of present embodiment, it is by field power supply 1, conducting magnet core 2-1, magnet exciting coil 2-2, copper sleeve 2-3, upper end cover 2-4 and bottom end cover 2-5 is formed, described conducting magnet core 2-1 is the tubular of hollow, magnet exciting coil 2-2 is around on the outer surface of conducting magnet core 2-1, copper sleeve 2-3 covers on outside magnet exciting coil 2-2, described upper end cover 2-4 covers in copper sleeve 2-3 upper end, described bottom end cover 2-5 covers in copper sleeve 2-3 lower end, the downward enlarging in bottom for conducting magnet core 2-1 described in the magnetic control means of wet method Underwater Welding described in it is characterized in that forms internal conical surface, the lead-out wire of described magnet exciting coil 2-2 is drawn by bakelite ring 2-6, described bakelite ring 2-6 utilizes silica gel to seal, cavity is left between described magnet exciting coil 2-2 and copper sleeve 2-3, hydraulic oil is filled with in cavity, sealing ring 2-7 is provided with between described copper sleeve 2-3 and upper end cover 2-4, lower seal 2-8 is provided with between described copper sleeve 2-3 and bottom end cover 2-5, described upper sealing ring 2-7 is undertaken fastening by the screw thread between upper end cover 2-4 and conducting magnet core 2-1, described lower seal 2-8 is undertaken fastening by the screw thread between bottom end cover 2-5 and conducting magnet core 2-1.
In present embodiment conducting magnet core 2-1 for increasing weld zone magnetic field intensity and change the Distribution of Magnetic Field of weld zone, its material generally selects the material of high magnetic permeability as silicon steel, the size of conducting magnet core 2-1 size and welding gun matches, its lower surface is taper seat, such conducting magnet core 2-1 makes welding region produce the magnetic field of a kind of magnetic line of force distributional pattern in " interior thin outer close ", the anti-plasma jet in direction can be restrained better to the banding effect of electric arc in the magnetic field of this form, promote the droplet transfer, improve Underwater Welding quality, the size of cone angle is selected according to actual welding process conditions, generally, along with the impact of the reverse plasma jet in increase direction of the depth of water is larger, then should adopt less cone angle,
Magnet exciting coil 2-2 adopts cylinder axis symmetric coil, such coil is simple and easy to make, and the magnetic field intensity produced is large, last layer insulating materials must be coated with between magnet exciting coil 2-2 and conducting magnet core 2-1, number of share of stock, the diameter of wire are selected according to physical condition, the number of turn of coil is when area of bed allows, twine more as far as possible, it should be noted that, for alternation and pulsed magnetic field, saturated in order to prevent conducting magnet core 2-1 from occurring, the number of turn of coil can not obtain too little, and minimum of a value can calculate according to formula;
Sealing ring 2-7 and 2-8 is added between copper sleeve 2-3 and upper end cover 2-4, bottom end cover 2-5, ensureing closely cooperates between them realizes good sealing, the lead-out wire of coil is drawn from the fairlead of conducting magnet core 2-1 upper end, receive on field power supply 1, fairlead arranges bakelite ring 2-6 ensure insulate and adopt silica gel to seal, certain cavity is left between magnet exciting coil 2-2 and copper sleeve 2-3, in cavity, be filled with hydraulic oil, hydraulic oil should have good thermal conductivity and resistance to rust and corrosion;
Be circumscribed with power supply in present embodiment, welding gun is fixedly inserted in and is welded in the cylindrical hole 2-1-1 of conducting magnet core 2-1 simultaneously.
Operation principle:
Above welding work pieces, use one with the coaxial magnet exciting coil of conducting magnet core and welding torch, exciting current is provided by field power supply, produce the externally-applied magnetic field of constant, alternation or pulse, this outside Longitudinal Magnetic-field Has Comprehensive Control welding arc, wire melting, droplet transfer, melting bath stirring and process of setting, under certain welding parameter and magnetic field parameter, reach and improve the input of Underwater Welding heat, the object promote the Underwater Welding droplet transfer, improving Underwater Welding arc stability, improve Underwater Welding welding seam tissue capability.
Magnetic control means is made up of magnetic head and field power supply two parts, field power supply is for generation of the exciting current of rule change on request, magnetic head is for generation of the magnetic field conformed to exciting current, field power supply can select direct current according to the welding control overflow of reality, exchange, the pulse power, field power supply requires stable performance, the adjustment of parameter can be carried out, in order to ensure that magnetic head seals completely, sealing ring is provided with between copper sleeve and upper and lower end cap, undertaken fastening by the threaded engagement between upper and lower end cap and conducting magnet core, to ensure closely cooperating of copper sleeve and upper and lower end cap, the lead-out wire of magnet exciting coil is drawn by bakelite ring, bakelite ring utilizes silica gel to seal.
Certain cavity is left between magnet exciting coil and copper sleeve, hydraulic oil is filled with in cavity, the object of hydraulic oil is adopted to have two, on the one hand, hydraulic oil has good heat conductivity and corrosion-resisting resisting resistance, contributes to the heat radiation of magnetic head and prevents iron core corrosion, on the other hand, hydraulic oil can slow down the compression of high pressure to copper sleeve of water, prevents it from deforming.
The lower end of conducting magnet core is designed to the taper seat concaved; on the one hand; for underwater gas shielded arc welding; such structure is conducive to the region forming a local desiccation on the top of weld zone; the protected effect of gas is strengthened greatly; on the other hand, such structure nearly work end can obtain desirable magnetic field intensity and distribution in weld zone, to control the reverse plasma jet affecting the Underwater Welding droplet transfer.The iron core of this kind of form not only makes the longitudinal component in the magnetic field of the nearly work end in weld zone reduce, cross stream component increases, total magnetic field intensity increases, magnetic field is also made to there occurs change in the distribution of weld zone, become non-uniform magnetic-field from the magnetic field of approaches uniformity, magnetic field is exactly the motion that preventing belt charged particle passes through magnetic induction line for the basic role of charged particle, suppresses reverse plasma jet, promote forward plasma jet, ensure the normal droplet transfer.
Detailed description of the invention two: a kind of magnetic control method for wet method Underwater Welding of present embodiment realizes according to the following steps:
Step one, under the depth of water 1 ~ 500m condition, above welding work pieces 3, load onto magnetic control means and connect field power supply 1;
Step 2, by welding wire through the through hole 2-1-1 of conducting magnet core 2-1, apply protective gas and the electric arc ignited between welding wire with welding work pieces starts to weld; Wherein, the exciting current of described magnetic control means is 1 ~ 20A; excitation frequency is 1 ~ 50HZ; described wet method Underwater Welding electric current is 150 ~ 500A; wire feed rate is 2 ~ 50m/min, and gage of wire is 0.8 ~ 2.4mm, and shield gas flow rate is 0 ~ 50L/min; weldingvoltage is 20 ~ 60V, and speed of welding is 500 ~ 1000mm/min.
The mode changing externally-applied magnetic field in present embodiment has following several:
(1) type by changing exciting current obtains different magnetic field kinds (constant, alternation, pulsed magnetic field);
(2) frequency by changing exciting current obtains different field frequencies;
(3) size by changing exciting current obtains different magnetic field intensities;
(4) direction by changing exciting current obtains the magnetic field of different directions;
(5) by change magnetic head to the position being fixed on welding torch obtain different distributions magnetic field (magnetic head of the present invention from workpiece distance more close to, the cross stream component ratio of externally-applied magnetic field is larger, and the magnetic induction line simultaneously in weld zone distributes " outer close interior thin ", and phenomenon is more obvious).
Present embodiment effect:
Present embodiments provide for a kind of method of magnetic control wet method Underwater Welding and simply small and exquisite, that easy accessibility, insulated enclosure are good, magnetic field parameter is adjustable, magnetic control is respond well magnetic control means.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, present embodiment tool has the following advantages and effect:
1. heat dissipation problem is the important reason of of restriction magnetic control solder technology development, and under water in environment without the need to considering magnetic control means heat dissipation problem, cooling mechanism need not be designed, enormously simplify the structure of magnetic head, magnetic head can the work of long-time stable, higher exciting current can be adopted to produce more high-intensity magnetic field simultaneously, break the use limitation of magnetic control solder technology.
2., under certain welding conditions, the externally-applied magnetic field produced by this magnetic control means can solve the problems such as electric arc in underwater wet welding is unstable, the droplet transfer is difficult, reduces the defects such as pore, crackle, slag inclusion, improves the performance of welding point.
3. no matter be additional constant longitudinal magnetic field or alternating magnetic field, the energy density of electric arc can be added, improve the frequency of droplet transfer, wherein alternating magnetic field is due to eddy heating for heating effect, obtain higher energy density, the raising of energy density means higher speed of welding can be adopted to weld, and improves welding efficiency.
4. technology has wide range of applications, and equipment needed thereby is simple, for Underwater Welding is laid a solid foundation toward low cost, high efficiency, high-quality, intelligent development.
5. the work that magnetic control means also can be stable in hyperbaric environment, so propelling Underwater Welding develops to darker waters by magnetic control technology.
Detailed description of the invention three: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention two unlike: welding method described in step 2 is FCAW.Other step and parameter identical with detailed description of the invention two.
By following verification experimental verification beneficial effect of the present invention:
Test 1:
Q235B steel outside Longitudinal Magnetic-field Has control under water wet method FCAW time, obtain good appearance of weld when welding procedure is following: protective gas is Ar+20%CO
2, gage of wire is 1.2mm, and shield gas flow rate is 12L/min, and welding current is 150 ~ 250A, and wire feed rate is 5 ~ 10m/min, and weldingvoltage is 20 ~ 30V, and speed of welding is 400 ~ 700mm/min, and exciting current is the stationary magnetic field of 2 ~ 5A.
Step one, under (hyperbaric chamber simulation) 1 ~ 100m depth condition, above welding work pieces 3, load onto magnetic control means and connect field power supply 1;
Step 2, by welding wire through the through hole 2-1-1 of conducting magnet core 2-1, apply protective gas and the electric arc ignited between welding wire and welding work pieces; Wherein, the exciting current of described magnetic control means is 1 ~ 20A; excitation frequency is 1 ~ 50HZ; described wet method Underwater Welding electric current is 150 ~ 500A; wire feed rate is 2 ~ 50m/min, and gage of wire is 0.8 ~ 2.4mm, and shield gas flow rate is 0 ~ 50L/min; weldingvoltage is 20 ~ 60V, and speed of welding is 500 ~ 1000mm/min.
Claims (3)
1. the magnetic control means for wet method Underwater Welding, it is by field power supply (1), conducting magnet core (2-1), magnet exciting coil (2-2), copper sleeve (2-3), upper end cover (2-4) and bottom end cover (2-5) are formed, the tubular that described conducting magnet core (2-1) is hollow, magnet exciting coil (2-2) is around on the outer surface of conducting magnet core (2-1), copper sleeve (2-3) covers on magnet exciting coil (2-2) outside, described upper end cover (2-4) covers in copper sleeve (2-3) upper end, described bottom end cover (2-5) covers in copper sleeve (2-3) lower end, the downward enlarging in bottom for conducting magnet core (2-1) described in the magnetic control means of wet method Underwater Welding described in it is characterized in that forms internal conical surface, the lead-out wire of described magnet exciting coil (2-2) is drawn by bakelite ring (2-6), described bakelite ring (2-6) utilizes silica gel to seal, cavity is left between described magnet exciting coil (2-2) and copper sleeve (2-3), hydraulic oil is filled with in cavity, sealing ring (2-7) is provided with between described copper sleeve (2-3) and upper end cover (2-4), lower seal (2-8) is provided with between described copper sleeve (2-3) and bottom end cover (2-5), described upper sealing ring (2-7) is undertaken fastening by the screw thread between upper end cover (2-4) and conducting magnet core (2-1), described lower seal (2-8) is undertaken fastening by the screw thread between bottom end cover (2-5) and conducting magnet core (2-1).
2. application rights requires the magnetic control method of a kind of magnetic control means for wet method Underwater Welding described in 1, it is characterized in that the method realizes according to the following steps:
Step one, under the depth of water 1 ~ 500m condition, load onto magnetic control means in the top of welding work pieces (3) and connect field power supply (1);
Step 2, by welding wire through the through hole (2-1-1) of conducting magnet core (2-1), apply protective gas and the electric arc ignited between welding wire and welding work pieces; Wherein, the exciting current of described magnetic control means is 1 ~ 20A; excitation frequency is 1 ~ 50HZ; described wet method Underwater Welding electric current is 150 ~ 500A; wire feed rate is 2 ~ 50m/min, and gage of wire is 0.8 ~ 2.4mm, and shield gas flow rate is 0 ~ 50L/min; weldingvoltage is 20 ~ 60V, and speed of welding is 500 ~ 1000mm/min.
3. the magnetic control method of a kind of magnetic control means for wet method Underwater Welding according to claim 2, is characterized in that welding method described in step 2 is FCAW.
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| CN103317207B (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2016-03-30 | 烟台大学 | A kind of method of magnetic control arc machining shaft |
| CN107414277B (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2019-12-10 | 山东船舶技术研究院 | Underwater wet welding device adopting high-frequency heating flux-cored wire |
| CN108500421A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-09-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Device and welding method for the welding of underwater local dry cavity |
| CN108838490A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-20 | 南昌航空大学 | A kind of arcing device for the control of underwater transverse weld appearance of weld |
| CN113967773B (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2024-01-05 | 江苏大学 | Ultrasonic frequency pulse assisted arc welding method for dissimilar steel in underwater wet environment |
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| JP2766671B2 (en) * | 1989-06-06 | 1998-06-18 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Underwater vertical welding method |
| CN2458117Y (en) * | 2000-12-19 | 2001-11-07 | 华南理工大学 | Submersible welding miniature draining device |
| CN100411797C (en) * | 2006-03-03 | 2008-08-20 | 华南理工大学 | Semi-automatic underwater welder with local dryness |
| CN101758334A (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2010-06-30 | 北京石油化工学院 | Underwater welding test chamber |
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