CN103125406A - Visual cognitive behavioral learning automatic training system of big and small mice - Google Patents
Visual cognitive behavioral learning automatic training system of big and small mice Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a visual cognitive behavioral learning automatic training system of big and small mice. The visual cognitive behavioral learning automatic training system of the big and small mice comprises a training box, a main control unit, a video monitor, a microcontroller, a reward unit, a punishment unit, and a visual clue display unit. The microcontroller is connected with the main control unit through a universal serial bus (USB) interface in a communication mode. The training box is a structure that an opening is formed in the upper portion of the training box. The video monitor is arranged on the upper portion of the training box. The reward unit is composed of a food plate which is arranged on the lower portion of the training box, an infrared induction switch which is arranged on one side of the training box, and a water supply pipe which is arranged above the food plate and controlled by an electric control valve. The punishment unit is composed of a sweep frequency ultrasonic speaker which is arranged on the upper portion of the training box. The visual clue display unit comprises a capacitance-type touch screen and a display screen. The capacitance-type touch screen is arranged inside a frame. The lower frame of the frame is hinged with the side wall of the training box. The upper frame of the frame is connected with the side wall of the training box through a tension spring. The display screen is arranged at a rear position of the capacitance-type touch screen. The visual cognitive behavioral learning automatic training system of the big and small mice has the advantages that a visual cognitive behavioral learning automatic training to experimental animals is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to large mouse visual cognition action learning training system, especially relate to large mouse visual cognition action learning auto-teaching system.
Background technology
In research fields such as brain cognitive function, neutral net plasticity, assessing drug actions, gene engineerings, often observe and assess different factors to the impact of brain cognitive function by large mouse visual cognition behavioral experiment, namely by training, make large mouse association complete specific behavior according to visual cues, thereby according to its behavior feedback result, its brain cognitive function is estimated.Training is the committed step of large mouse visual cognition action learning process, and purpose is the conditioned reflex of setting up between particular visual clue and specific behavior response, and then completes the visual cognition tasks such as sensation target identification, Visual Working Memory.At present common large mouse visual cognition action learning training experiment method is many in conjunction with rewards and punishments mechanism, and animal subject gives certain award or punishment after making behavior response according to visual cues.Award comprises food ball, fruit juice, milk, water or the virtual joyful sense of electro photoluminescence, wherein eating the award methods such as ball, fruit juice, milk easily causes and rewards executing agency and block, the food of single taste or fruit juice milk are rewarded and are easily caused animal detest simultaneously, are not easy to set up the training system of automation; Electro photoluminescence award utilization makes animal obtain virtual award to the stimulation in the joyful district of brain, easily habituation.Payment method is common comprises that acousto-optic stimulates, electric shock punishment etc., but these payment methods are usually because animal can reduce the punishment effect by chosen position or the behavior of grade of closing one's eyes, stimulus intensity should not be determined or tolerate or easily cause the excessive fear of animal to cause testing and can't proceed.
In addition, more existing animal visual cognition action learning training systems automaticity aspect hardware aspect and experimental technique and data analysis is lower.Adopt pedal, rocking bar or touch-screen to record the behavior response of animal subject after visual cues presents at hardware aspect, pedal and rocking bar sensitivity are relatively poor, easily fail to record behavior response more.Aspect experimental technique and data analysis, depend on artificial experience more experiment parameter or definite experimental stage are set, do not consider that the individual difference of different animal subjects is on the impact of training process, can't individuality tested according to difference and the different phase of learning process, adaptive adjustment training experiment parameter and switching training mode, cause over training or undertrained to the animal subject individuality, the training effect poor stability; Need more artificial participation in experimentation simultaneously, not only waste time and energy, also the training of large mouse caused certain interference, cycle of training is long.
Therefore, need a kind of can effectively raising of development to be trained to power and stability, to shorten simultaneously the auto-teaching system of the large mouse visual cognition action learning of cycle of training, but yet there are no the report of all relevant this respects.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of large mouse visual cognition action learning auto-teaching system.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical proposals:
Large mouse visual cognition action learning auto-teaching system of the present invention comprises training box, main control unit, video monitor, micro controller, award unit, punishment unit, visual cues display unit; Described micro controller is by USB interface and main control unit communication connection; Described training box is the upper shed structure; Described video monitor is arranged on the top of training box, and its VT is connected with described main control unit video signal input terminal; Described award unit is by the food dish that is arranged on the training box bottom and be arranged on the infrared sensing switch of one side and be arranged on the feed pipe of being controlled by electrically-controlled valve directly over the food dish and consist of, and described electrically-controlled valve control input end, infrared sensing switch signal output part are connected with control output end, the signal input part of micro controller respectively; Described punishment unit is made of the frequency sweep ultrasonic ripple loudspeaker that is arranged on training box top, and described frequency sweep ultrasonic ripple loudspeaker control input end is connected with the control output end of micro controller; Described visual cues display unit comprises capacitive touch screen and display screen, described capacitive touch screen is installed in framework, described framework is embedded in the window that is opened in the training box lower sides, the lower frame of framework and training box sidewall are hinged, the upper side frame of framework is connected with the training box sidewall by extension spring, described display screen is arranged on the place, rear position of capacitive touch screen, the video signal input terminal of display screen is connected with main control unit, and capacitive touch screen is by the communication connection of iic bus and micro controller.
Described micro controller comprises: single-chip microcomputer, be connected in frequency sweep ultrasonic ripple drive circuit, optical coupling isolation circuit and the capacitive touch screen drive circuit of described Single-chip Controlling output, described capacitive touch screen drive circuit is connected with single chip communication by iic bus, and described optical coupling isolation circuit control output end is connected with electrically-controlled valve drive circuit control input end.
Described main control unit is the industrial control computer with Presentation Function; Described frequency sweep ultrasonic ripple loudspeaker is positioned at the place, top position of described capacitive touch screen.
The invention has the advantages that the automation training that realizes the study of laboratory animal visual cognitive behavior, and reward not can habituation, punishment do not produce misery or fear, can not cause negative effect to animal, quantizes evaluation index thereby obtain reliable and stable training.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of visual cues display unit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is control circuit theory diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the micro controller schematic block circuit diagram of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the single chip circuit schematic diagram of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is light-coupled isolation, the electrically-controlled valve driving circuit principle figure of Fig. 4.
Fig. 7 is the capacitive touch screen driving circuit principle figure of Fig. 4.
Fig. 8 is the frequency sweep ultrasonic ripple driving circuit principle figure of Fig. 4.
Fig. 9 is micro controller main program initialization flowchart of the present invention.
Figure 10 is capacitive touch screen initialization flowchart of the present invention.
Figure 11 is usb communication interrupt handling routine flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Fig. 1-8, large mouse visual cognition action learning auto-teaching system of the present invention comprises training box 1, has main control unit 2, video monitor 3, micro controller 4 that the industrial control computer of Presentation Function consists of, rewards the unit, punishment unit, visual cues display unit; Described micro controller 4 is by USB interface and main control unit 2 communication connections; Described micro controller 4 comprises: single-chip microcomputer (C8051F320), be connected in frequency sweep ultrasonic ripple drive circuit, optical coupling isolation circuit and the capacitive touch screen drive circuit of described Single-chip Controlling output, described capacitive touch screen drive circuit is connected with single chip communication by iic bus, and described optical coupling isolation circuit control output end is connected with electrically-controlled valve drive circuit control input end.Described training box 1 is the upper shed structure; Described video monitor 3 is arranged on the top of training box 1, and its VT is connected with described main control unit 2 video signal input terminals; Described award unit is by the food dish 5 that is arranged on training box 1 bottom and be arranged on the infrared sensing switch 6 of one side and be arranged on the feed pipe 8 of being controlled by electrically-controlled valve 7 directly over food dish 5 and consist of, and described electrically-controlled valve 7 control input ends, infrared sensing switch 6 signal output parts are connected with control output end, the signal input part of micro controller 4 respectively; Described punishment unit is made of the frequency sweep ultrasonic ripple loudspeaker 9 that is arranged on training box 1 top and is positioned at capacitive touch screen 10 places, top positions, and described frequency sweep ultrasonic ripple loudspeaker 9 control input ends are connected with the control output end of micro controller 4; Described visual cues display unit comprises capacitive touch screen 10 and display screen 11, described capacitive touch screen 10 is installed in framework 12, described framework 12 is embedded in the window that is opened in training box 1 lower sides, the lower frame of framework 12 and training box 1 sidewall are hinged, the upper side frame of framework 12 is connected with training box 1 sidewall by extension spring 13, described display screen 11 is arranged on the place, rear position of capacitive touch screen 10, the video signal input terminal of display screen 11 is connected with main control unit 2, and capacitive touch screen 10 is by the communication connection of iic bus and micro controller 4.
Operation principle of the present invention is summarized as follows:
One, training box:
The training casing adopts pmma material to make, and is of a size of 35 * 40 * 50cm, and casing surrounding closed top end is open, is convenient to place laboratory animal and guarantees that casing is ventilative, and animal is in free movement state in training box; Whole casing is placed in the training framework, trains frame cover shading cage during use, guarantees the non interference of experimentation.
Two, main control unit:
Video monitor:
Three, micro controller:
As shown in Fig. 5-8.The main control chip of controller 4 hardware circuits is selected the C8051F320 single-chip microcomputer, does not need external devices just can realize USB communication with main control unit 2.Single-chip microcomputer C8051F320 supports IIC communication protocol, can realize driving capacitive touch screen 10 and carry out the operations such as corresponding reading and writing data, function setting, completes monitoring and the record of the animal touch screen behavior of undergoing training.The power unit of micro controller 4 hardware circuits adopts DC12V and usb bus 5V dual power supply, and wherein the DC12V power supply is electrically-controlled valve 7 power supplies; Reduce to 3.3V voltage after the voltage-stablizer that usb bus 5V power supply carries by C8051F320 single-chip microcomputer inside, be control section, capacitive touch screen 10 and frequency sweep ultrasonic ripple drive circuitry.Isolate by the TLP521_2 optocoupler between two power supplys, thereby prevent that the DC12V circuit from exerting an influence to the USB mouth of low voltage control part and calculator.This circuit also utilizes 2N7000 model metal-oxide-semiconductor to form the short circuit overcurrent holding circuit, and effectively the USB interface of protection calculation machine, prevent that overcurrent from damaging.The infrared sensing switch 6 that system selects is the electric switch that diffuses, and normal voltage 5V considers that it is 500mA that USB interface can provide maximum current, is enough to satisfy the needs of whole system, so be directly infrared sensing switch 6 power supplies by usb bus here.The nominal drive current of electrically-controlled valve 7 is 600mA, is driven, is controlled by triode 2N5551.The punishment unit directly drives 9 work of frequency sweep ultrasonic ripple loudspeaker by one-chip machine port.
As shown in Fig. 9,10, the software section of micro controller 4 comprises that mainly USB communication, capacitive touch screen drive, electrically-controlled valve is controlled and frequency sweep ultrasonic ripple infrared control, and wherein the driving of USB communication and capacitive touch screen is most important part.Micro controller 4 main programs are mainly completed initialization procedure, specifically comprise system clock initialization, I/0 port initialization, timer initialization, USB functional configuration, SMBus functional configuration, interrupt configuration (interruption of opening timing device, external interrupt, USB interrupt, SMBus interrupts, configure interrupt priority), carry out at last capacitive touch screen 10 initial work (mainly comprise capacitive touch screen 10 identification, obtain firmware information, the interrupt mode that obtains 2D coordinate information, capacitive touch screen 10 arranges etc.).After initial work finishes, program enters the interrupt latency state, the interruption that relates to comprises that mainly external interrupt and usb communication that capacitive touch screen 10 triggers interrupt two kinds: after capacitive touch screen 10 initialization operations finish, when it detects the external interrupt that will trigger single-chip microcomputer when effectively touching signal, in the interrupt routine of single-chip microcomputer, capacitive touch screen 10 respective cache districts are read and to obtain the coordinate figure that large mouse touches, and return when host computer is inquired about.
Usb communication interrupt handling routine flow process as shown in figure 11, micro controller 4 receives and can trigger corresponding USB after the usb data bag that main control unit 2 issues and interrupt, according to communications protocol, the data that obtain are processed in interrupt routine: if what receive is preset instruction set the relevant parameter that the slave computer experiment needs, then begin timing and training experiment; If what receive is query statement, experimental state real-time in training box 1 and result data are returned to main control unit 2 by USB, realized the two-way communication of upper and lower machine.Large mouse touches capacitive touch screen 10 or does not touch for a long time after the stimulating image of watching display screen 11 to show, software program all will be set corresponding flag bit respectively, and record institute's elapsed time, thereby realized the real-time update of experimental data.Meanwhile micro controller 4 can according to large mouse judged results correct errors and whether infrared sensing switch 6 is positioned at the testing result of rewarding cell position to it and controls electrically-controlled valve 7 and carry out corresponding feedwater and reward or drive the frequency sweep ultrasonic drive circuit and apply ultrasonic punishment.
Four, visual cues display unit:
Five, capacitive touch screen:
Six, rewards and punishments unit:
The rewards and punishments unit comprises to be rewarded mechanism and punishes mechanism's two parts.
Reward mechanism for award that the correct animal subject of behavior response is fed water, formed by water-storing bottle, electrically-controlled valve 7, feed pipe 8, food dish 5 and infrared sensing switch 6.Water-storing bottle is used for storing pure water, is connected with the water inlet of electrically-controlled valve 7; Electrically-controlled valve 7 adopts the normally closed automatically controlled discharging valve of DC12V, interface diameter 8mm, is comprised of control end, water inlet and delivery port, with drive circuit electrical connection corresponding in micro controller 4; The delivery port of electrically-controlled valve 7 is communicated with feed pipe 8, and feed pipe 8 water outlet ends are positioned at the top of food dish 5, and the pure water when electrically-controlled valve 7 is opened in water-storing bottle instils to food dish 5 by electrically-controlled valve 7 and feed pipe 8.Infrared sensing switch 6 is rewarded the position for detection of the acquisition whether animal of undergoing training arrives appointment, selects the electric switch that diffuses, and effectively monitoring distance 0-30cm is adjustable.
The present invention utilizes control to undergo training animal after water to the psychological need of water, rewards to adopt electrically-controlled valve 7 feedwater, confluent to be easy to control and to be not easy to occur executing agency to block, and feedwater is simultaneously rewarded and can not caused the animal habituation of undergoing training, causes negative effect.In addition, in order effectively to avoid animal subject to touch and obtain to reward due to random mistake, when the animal of undergoing training is made correct touch screen behavior according to visual cues after, and could obtain feedwater when arriving assigned address rewards, can strengthen the purpose of animal subject behavior like this, reduce invalid examination inferior, improve accuracy rate and the training speed of training.
Punishment mechanism is comprised of sweep-frequency ultrasonic generator and piezoelectric ceramic loudspeaker, with drive circuit electrical connection corresponding in micro controller 4, is used for the animal subject of behavior mistake is carried out sound punishment.
The present invention punishes the frequency sweep ultrasonic ripple that adopts the 20-30kHz that makes large mouse discomfort, can guarantee that animal subject can't be hidden in the Experimental Area on the one hand, can effectively avoid on the other hand the adaptation tolerance level that animal subject forms to stimulate punishment, effectively avoided laboratory animal because the punishment that present position or adaptation time cause reduces effect, simultaneously the animal of undergoing training agonized or frightened, cause negative effect.
Training method of the present invention is summarized as follows:
Animal subject is divided into following three phases to particular visual Cognitive task learning process is incremental, and the training goal in each stage, training mode and rewards and punishments controlled condition arrange as follows:
Phase I: touch screen training
Training goal: set up the related of touch screen and award.
Training mode: visual stimulus is shown for complete grey screen display in the examination time cycle.
Rewards and punishments controlled condition: touch screen occurs move and arrive the award position and think that namely behavior response is correct, award; Give punishment without the touch screen action in examination time time, and postpone automatically to enter after 2s next examination time.
Second stage: the visual behaviour reflection is set up
Training goal: set up and carry out the conditioned reflex of touch screen behavior when image occurring on display screen 11 screens.
Training mode: visual stimulus presents image after for examination time beginning, surpass image stimulate present duration after grey screen display show.
Rewards and punishments controlled condition: be considered as invalid examination without touch screen in whole examination is inferior inferior.Effectively in examination time, image presents in the period touch screen and arrives and rewards the position and award within the examination time cycle, otherwise punishes.
Phase III: specific image-behavior reflex is set up
Training goal: set up and carry out the conditioned reflex of touch screen behavior when specific image occurring on display screen 11 screens.
Training mode: visual stimulus presents image after for examination time beginning, and image comprises behavior prompting clue image and other interfering pictures, surpass image stimulate present duration after grey screen display show.
Training data is analyzed:
The training data analytical work is completed by the data analysis module in main control unit 2, data analysis module calculates the evaluating characteristic that upgrades the animal visual cognition action learning of undergoing training in real time, self adaptation switches to the training mode in suitable stage, and training effect is carried out quantitative evaluation.
The full-automatic training system of large mouse visual cognition action learning is divided into touch screen training, visual behaviour reflection foundation and specific image-incremental three phases such as behavior reflex foundation with animal subject to particular visual Cognitive task learning process.Each stage of training is adopted the setting of different experiment control parameters, the data analysis module that the animal behavior response data of undergoing training that detects in real time is admitted in main control unit 2 is analyzed, distribution index according to the study accuracy, self adaptation switches to the pattern pair animal subject in suitable stage and trains, and need not artificial on duty and parameter adjustment.
Data analysis module to animal subject behavior response under the different training stages carry out statistical analysis.
At first, in the training phase I, by the automatic calculating of the behavior response indexs such as touch screen position, touch screen latent period, touch screen interval in latent period, determine for the visual stimulus image of tested individual customization position of appearing, present the basic experiment parameters such as duration, examination time cycle.On this basis, utilize a plurality of effective examinations continuously time (effectively examination time 〉=20 times) obtain to undergo training prior estimate (being the accuracy on average meaning) of animal learning accuracy.Then, animal visual behaviour response data according to real-time acquisition, the slip data window calculates and upgrades the real-time learning accuracy, when the real-time learning accuracy is continuous reach 75%-85% 5-10 time more than (design parameter can arrange in this scope voluntarily), think that the animal of undergoing training is successful to the visual cognition action learning under this training mode, training system enters next training stage pattern or termination automatically; Otherwise, when the real-time learning accuracy reaches (design parameter can arrange voluntarily) below 50% continuous 5-10 time in this scope, think that the animal of undergoing training can't complete visual cognition action learning task under this training mode, training stage pattern or a termination on the training system auto-returned.Like this, the time parameter of phases of training, start-stop condition and training examination are inferior not to be needed artificially to set or manually change, switch training mode by online adaptive, over training or the undertrained of having avoided the subjectivity due to artificial parameters to cause, be trained to that power is high, visual cognition action learning effect stability is strong, conclusion is reliable.
Claims (3)
1. a large mouse visual cognition action learning auto-teaching system, comprise training box (1), main control unit (2), video monitor (3), micro controller (4), reward the unit, punish unit, visual cues display unit, described micro controller (4) is by USB interface and main control unit (2) communication connection, it is characterized in that: described training box (1) is the upper shed structure, described video monitor (3) is arranged on the top of training box (1), and its VT is connected with described main control unit (2) video signal input terminal, described award unit is by the food dish (5) that is arranged on training box (1) bottom and be arranged on the infrared sensing switch (6) of one side and be arranged on the feed pipe (8) of being controlled by electrically-controlled valve (7) directly over food dish (5) and consist of, and described electrically-controlled valve (7) control input end, infrared sensing switch (6) signal output part are connected with control output end, the signal input part of micro controller (4) respectively, described punishment unit is made of the frequency sweep ultrasonic ripple loudspeaker (9) that is arranged on training box (1) top, and described frequency sweep ultrasonic ripple loudspeaker (9) control input end is connected with the control output end of micro controller (4), described visual cues display unit comprises capacitive touch screen (10) and display screen (11), described capacitive touch screen (10) is installed in framework (12), described framework (12) is embedded in the window that is opened in training box (1) lower sides, the lower frame of framework (12) and training box (1) sidewall are hinged, the upper side frame of framework (12) is connected with training box (1) sidewall by extension spring (13), described display screen (11) is arranged on the place, rear position of capacitive touch screen (10), the video signal input terminal of display screen (11) is connected with main control unit (2), capacitive touch screen (10) is by the communication connection of iic bus and micro controller (4).
2. large mouse visual cognition action learning auto-teaching system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described micro controller (4) comprising: single-chip microcomputer, be connected in frequency sweep ultrasonic ripple drive circuit, optical coupling isolation circuit and the capacitive touch screen drive circuit of described Single-chip Controlling output, described capacitive touch screen drive circuit is connected with single chip communication by iic bus, and described optical coupling isolation circuit control output end is connected with electrically-controlled valve drive circuit control input end.
3. large mouse visual cognition action learning auto-teaching system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described main control unit (2) is for having the industrial control computer of Presentation Function; Described frequency sweep ultrasonic ripple loudspeaker (9) is positioned at the place, top position of described capacitive touch screen (10).
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