CN103122494A - Moisture-absorption polyester fiber and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Moisture-absorption polyester fiber and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103122494A CN103122494A CN2011103667259A CN201110366725A CN103122494A CN 103122494 A CN103122494 A CN 103122494A CN 2011103667259 A CN2011103667259 A CN 2011103667259A CN 201110366725 A CN201110366725 A CN 201110366725A CN 103122494 A CN103122494 A CN 103122494A
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- Prior art keywords
- polyvinylpyrrolidone
- moisture absorption
- polyester
- polyester fiber
- absorption type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/625—Screws characterised by the ratio of the threaded length of the screw to its outside diameter [L/D ratio]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a moisture-absorption polyester fiber and a manufacturing method thereof. The moisture-absorption polyester fiber is mainly composed of polyesters and moisture-absorption polyvinylpyrrolidone taking 2-20% of the weight of the polyester, and the mean dispersion size of the polyvinylpyrrolidone is smaller than 220nm. When mixed, the polyvinylpyrrolidone and the polyester are mixed at low temperature via a double-shaft extruder with L/D (length/diameter) ratio higher than 40 to obtain the polyester fiber finally. The polyester fiber has excellent and durable moisture absorption, high elongation product and good color and can be used for underwear or sportswear fabric.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of moisture absorption type polyester fiber and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Polyester is typical thermoplastic synthetic fiber, since invention, due to its good mechanical strength, resistance to chemical reagents, heat resistance etc., has been widely used in fields such as dress material and industry purposes.
But, the hygroscopicity of polyester fiber is extremely low, when being used for direct contact skin or press close to the underwear, motion dress material etc. of skin dress, because skin is perspired and can not in time be discharged, can produce the sensation that is clamminess, poorer than natural fabric on snugness of fit, therefore limited the development of polyester fiber aspect the dress material purposes.
In order to improve the hygroscopicity of polyester, the most frequently used method is that copolymerization moisture absorption composition or interpolation have hygroscopic compound in polyester.Known copolymerization moisture absorption composition has the glycol that contains hydroxy alkylidene on side chain, the dicarboxylic acids that contains metal organic sulfonate etc.But, introduce above-mentioned moisture absorption composition on polyester backbone, can cause the intensity of polyester and weatherability to descend.
Can also hygroscopic compound be attached on polyester fiber to improve the hygroscopicity of fiber by chemical method in addition.For example graft acrylic acid or methacrylic acid on polyester fiber, recycle alkali metal replacement carboxyl wherein to improve the hygroscopicity of polyester fiber.But because hygroscopic compound is attached on fiber surface, low so there is the intensity temporal evolution, the problem such as feel, light resistance are bad.
Unexamined Patent 2-99612 communique disclose with hydroscopicity be hygroscopicity resin more than 10% as core, sheath section is with the core-sheath-type composite fibre of polyester coating.This method is when the heat treatments such as refining or dyeing, due to the hygroscopicity resin of core segment easily suction expand, thereby form crackle at fiber surface, due to hygroscopicity resin high and outside outflow to the dissolubility of water, hygroscopicity disappearance.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open 2000-8226 discloses a kind of moisture absorption polyester composite fiber, this fiber be constituent with polyethylene glycol copolyesters and polyvinylpyrrolidone as the core composition, conventional polyester makes by composite spinning method as the sheath composition.Although this method has solved the problem that core moisture expantion causes sheath section cracking, there is the shortcoming of hygroscopicity deficiency and moisture absorption poor durability in it.
Above-described method can improve to a certain extent the hygroscopicity of polyester fiber, but also exist various problems on using.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of moisture absorption type polyester fiber and preparation method thereof, use the polyester fiber that described method prepares still can keep the good characteristic of polyester fiber itself in the good hygroscopic while of acquisition.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of moisture absorption type polyester fiber mainly is made of polyester, and to contain with respect to weight polyester be 2~20% moisture absorption composition polyvinylpyrrolidone, and the average dispersion footpath of described polyvinylpyrrolidone is below 200nm.
Above-mentioned polyester is that polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) or other contain the polyester of copolymer composition.
Moisture absorption composition in polyester fiber of the present invention is polyvinylpyrrolidone, and in order to obtain desirable moisture-absorption characteristics, containing in fiber with respect to weight polyester is 2~20% polyvinylpyrrolidone.With respect to weight polyester, when in polyester fiber, the content of polyvinylpyrrolidone was less than 2wt%, resulting polyester fiber did not have hygroscopicity; During greater than 20wt%, resulting polyester spinnability variation, fibrous physical property descends, contact has sticking sense, can't reach the requirement of snugness of fit.Preferred 5~the 15wt% of this content, more preferably 8~12wt%.
The average dispersion footpath of described polyvinylpyrrolidone in this fiber is below 200nm, below preferred 150nm.The average footpath that disperses can be so that the good complexing of polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyester below 200nm, thereby suppresses to mix the stripping of rear polyvinylpyrrolidone, prevents in use hygroscopicity variation of fiber.
The K value of above-mentioned polyvinylpyrrolidone is preferred 15~90, and more preferably 20~70.If the K value of polyvinylpyrrolidone is too low, even polyvinylpyrrolidone is not strong with the complexing power of polyester, easily stripping in Cooling Process, cause fiber to can not get good hygroscopicity after extruding.And if its K value is too high, the viscosity of polyester system increases greatly, mixingly spues badly, is difficult to granulation, causes production efficiency low.
The moisture absorption rate variance Δ MR of described fiber is 0.5~4%, and after this polyester fiber was processed through 130 ℃ of hot water in 30 minutes, wherein the dissolution rate of polyvinylpyrrolidone was below 3%, more preferably below 2%.Polyvinylpyrrolidone water-soluble fabulous, therefore the present invention is by being on two axle extruders more than 40 at draw ratio L/D, carry out the low temperature blend under vacuum condition, make the dispersion footpath of polyvinylpyrrolidone below 200nm, thereby improve the complexing power of itself and polyester, thereby the dissolution rate of polyvinylpyrrolidone in the reduction fiber, the hygroscopicity durability of raising fiber.
Moisture absorption type polyester fiber of the present invention has the mechanical property of general polyester fiber peer-level, and the strength and elongation of fiber is long-pending preferred more than 18.0, more preferably more than 20.0.Because polyvinylpyrrolidone is incompatible with polyester, it adds in polyester as the moisture absorption composition affects very large on the spinnability of polyester and the physical property of fiber.The present invention improves mouthful environment temperature of golden section cartridge heater during by spinning and improves the cooling condition of strand, thereby makes long-pending being greatly improved of strength and elongation of fiber, reaches the instructions for use of general dress material purposes.
Polyvinylpyrrolidone heat resistance at high temperature is relatively poor, makes the flavescence of resulting composition tone with the decomposes due to polyvinylpyrrolidone after polyester blend.Therefore, the present invention is by the mixing and low-temp spinning at low temperature, and the tone b value of the moisture absorption type polyester fiber that obtains is below 5.0.
The concrete production method of described moisture absorption type polyester fiber is as follows:
On draw ratio L/D is two axle extruders more than 40, be that 15~90 polyvinylpyrrolidone carries out the low temperature blend under vacuum condition with polyester and K value, wherein the addition of polyvinylpyrrolidone accounts for 2~20% of weight polyester in polyester fiber in it, obtain polyester and the polyvinylpyrrolidone composition of average dispersion footpath below 200nm of polyvinylpyrrolidone, said composition is carried out throwing by melt spinning, obtain as-spun fibre, this as-spun fibre is further stretched, obtain extending silk.
For polyvinylpyrrolidone mixing, under general compounding process, aggegation due to polyvinylpyrrolidone, can't reach good dispersiveness, so the present invention adopts on draw ratio L/D is two axle extruders more than 40 and carries out mixing polyester and the polyvinylpyrrolidone composition of average dispersion footpath below 200nm that reach of low temperature.Described low temperature is mixing to be referred to when mixing, and controlling the fusing department temperature is above 10~20 ℃ of melting point polyester, and the kneading part temperature is 180~230 ℃.In addition, very easily absorb water in air due to polyvinylpyrrolidone and be clamminess, easily be heated at spout and cause putty, therefore by adding water cooling plant at the extruder spout, feeding section temperature is controlled at below 80 ℃, preferred below 60 ℃, thus feeding is carried out smoothly.
During melt spinning, mouth gold section cartridge heater temperature is higher 20~50 ℃ than spinning temperature.
The moisture absorption type polyester fiber of the present invention that obtains by said method, has good durable hygroscopicity, the moisture absorption rate variance is 0.5~4%, by using two axle extruders of certain draw ratio, and control each temperature and make the dispersion footpath of polyvinylpyrrolidone below 200nm, thereby the strength and elongation of the polyester fiber that obtains is long-pending is 18.0 or more, tone b value is below 5.0, and this fiber through the processing in 30 minutes of 130 ℃ of hot water after, wherein the dissolution rate of polyvinylpyrrolidone is below 3%.
Evaluation method:
1. mixing stability is confirmed:
By the extrusion swelling of outlet of extruder place polymer, it is qualified that lower note zero and △ are judged to be.
Zero: extrusion swelling without
△: slight extrusion swelling
*: serious extrusion swelling
2. spinnability:
Spinning situation in spinning 2 hours is estimated by following method, zero and △ be judged to be qualified.
Zero: without fracture of wire
△: a small amount of fracture of wire (1~3 time) is arranged
*: fracture of wire is frequent
3. the dissolution rate of polyvinylpyrrolidone:
When fiber is untreated 60 ℃ of dryings after 2 hours weight be W
1, through 130 ℃ of pressurizations process after 30 minutes 60 ℃ of dryings after 2 hours weight be W
2, the dissolution rate of polyvinylpyrrolidone is calculated by following formula:
Dissolution rate=(W
1-W
2)/W
1* 100
4. the average dispersion footpath of polyvinylpyrrolidone:
By scanning electron microscope sem or transmission electron microscope TEM, surface and the section of section and fiber are observed, are obtained electronic image, then by winrof software process obtain polyvinylpyrrolidone average dispersion footpath.
5. the K values determination method of polyvinylpyrrolidone
Polyvinylpyrrolidone is made the aqueous solution of concentration 1%, measured its relative viscosity, then try to achieve with fikentscher.
logZ=C[75K
2/(1+1.5KC)+K]
K:K value * 10 wherein
3, C: concentration of aqueous solution (W/V%), Z: concentration is the relative viscosity of the aqueous solution of C.
6. the strength and elongation of fiber is long-pending:
Intensity is fibre stress maximum disrumpent feelings intensity (cN/dtex) when being strained tensile, and degree of stretching is the strain (%) of the maximum disrumpent feelings point of fiber,
Strength and elongation is amassed=Strong degree * (degree of stretching)
0.5
7. absorb-discharge humid parameter Δ MR:
(1) choose 3 parts, the fabric sample of about 1g weight, it is positioned in the measuring cup of known quality, put into the drying machine of 60 ℃, take down bottle cap, preparation covers bottle cap measuring cup is taken out after dry 30 minutes;
(2) measuring cup is put into the constant temperature and humidity machine of 20 ℃ * 65%RH environment, taken down bottle cap, balance covered bottle cap after 24 hours, took out measuring cup, used precision balance to weigh, claim the quality quality that deducts measuring cup be sample weight W
1
(3) measuring cup is put into the constant temperature and humidity machine of 30 ℃ * 90%RH environment, taken down bottle cap, balance covered bottle cap after 24 hours, took out measuring cup, used on the same stage precision balance to weigh, claim the quality quality that deducts measuring cup be sample weight W
2
(4) measuring cup is placed in the drying machine of 105 ℃, takes down bottle cap, after dry 2 hours, cover bottle cap and take out, and in drying basin normal temperature cooling after, use on the same stage precision balance to weigh, claim the quality quality that deducts measuring cup be sample weight W
3
(5) calculate:
MR
1=(W
1-W
3)/W
3
MR
2=(W
2-W
3)/W
3
Moisture absorption rate variance Δ MR (%)=MR
2-MR
1, result is got the mean value of 3 samples.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that polyester and the section of polyvinylpyrrolidone composition are 1% Na through concentration
2CO
3The section SEM image of the aqueous solution after processing 20 minutes under 50 ℃.
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal section TEM image of moisture absorption type polyester fiber.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Be 30 polyvinylpyrrolidone (calling PVP in the following text) with the K value, with polyethylene terephthalate, use two axle extruders (
L/D:45), Temperature Setting is that 260 ℃ of fusing departments, 200 ℃ of kneading parts, feeding section is controlled at 80 ℃, extrudes.The addition of PVP accounts for 5% of weight polyester in PVP in final polyester fiber, extrudes in order.In resulting composition, the average dispersion footpath of PVP is 80nm.Said composition is carried out the spinning experiment, and spinning temperature is 270 ℃, and a mouthful golden section cartridge heater Temperature Setting is 290 ℃, and spinning speed is 1000m/min, obtains as-spun fibre.Again by 4.4 times of deep processings, obtaining strength and elongation long-pending is 20.0 extension silk.After tested, the moisture absorption rate variance Δ MR of this extension silk is 1.1%, and fiber tone b value is that the dissolution rate of 3.0, PVP is 0.8%.
Embodiment 2~4
Change the addition of PVP, make that in final polyester fiber, PVP accounts for respectively 5%, 15%, 20% of weight polyester, other are with embodiment 1.Mixing stability and spinning all do not go wrong, and concrete the results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1,2
Change the addition of PVP, make that in final polyester fiber, PVP accounts for respectively 1%, 25% of weight polyester, other are with embodiment 1.When add PVP make PVP in polyester fiber account for respectively weight polyester 1% the time, although mixing spinning is no problem, the fiber hygroscopicity is bad; When add PVP make PVP in polyester fiber account for respectively weight polyester 25% the time, extrusion swelling when mixing, granulation difficulty.Concrete the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Embodiment 5
Be 30 PVP and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) with the K value, use two axle extruders (
L/D:52), Temperature Setting is that 240 ℃ of fusing departments, 180 ℃ of kneading parts, feeding section is controlled at 60 ℃, extrudes.The addition of PVP accounts for 10% of weight polyester in PVP in final polyester fiber, extrudes in order.In resulting composition, the average dispersion footpath of PVP is 50nm.Said composition is carried out the spinning experiment, and spinning temperature is 245 ℃, and a mouthful golden section cartridge heater Temperature Setting is 280 ℃, and spinning speed is 1000m/min, obtains as-spun fibre.Again by 4.3 times of deep processings, obtaining strength and elongation long-pending is 23.0 extension silk.After tested, the moisture absorption rate variance Δ MR of this extension silk is 2.2%, and fiber tone b value is that the dissolution rate of 3.0, PVP is 0.6%.
Embodiment 6
Use L/D is 40 extruder, and other are with embodiment 5, and concrete the results are shown in Table 2.
Comparative example 3,4
Using respectively L/D is 30 and 35 extruder, and other are with embodiment 5, and concrete the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2
Embodiment 7~9
The K value that changes PVP is 15,60,90 to test respectively, and other are with embodiment 5, and when mixing, with the increase of the K value of PVP, mixing property is variation gradually, and concrete the results are shown in Table 3.
Comparative example 5,6
The K value that changes PVP is 10,120 to test respectively, and other are with embodiment 5.When the K value was 10, although mixing no problem, the PVP dissolution rate was high when hot water treatment, and the hygroscopicity of final fiber is poor; When the K value is 120, because mixture viscosity is too high, mixing difficulty.Concrete the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3
Claims (9)
1. moisture absorption type polyester fiber, it is characterized in that: described fiber mainly is made of polyester, and to contain with respect to weight polyester be 2~20% moisture absorption composition polyvinylpyrrolidone, and the average dispersion footpath of described polyvinylpyrrolidone is below 200nm.
2. moisture absorption type polyester fiber according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the K value of described polyvinylpyrrolidone is 15~90.
3. moisture absorption type polyester fiber according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the moisture absorption rate variance Δ MR of described fiber is 0.5~4%.
4. moisture absorption type polyester fiber according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: after described fiber was processed through 130 ℃ of hot water in 30 minutes, wherein the dissolution rate of polyvinylpyrrolidone was below 3%.
5. moisture absorption type polyester fiber according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the strength and elongation of described fiber is long-pending is more than 18.0.
6. moisture absorption type polyester fiber according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described fiber tone b value is below 5.0.
7. the preparation method of the described moisture absorption type polyester fiber of claim 1, it is characterized in that: on draw ratio L/D is two axle extruders more than 40, be that 15~90 polyvinylpyrrolidone carries out the low temperature blend under vacuum condition with polyester and K value, wherein the addition of polyvinylpyrrolidone accounts for 2~20% of weight polyester in polyester fiber in it, obtain polyester and the polyvinylpyrrolidone composition of average dispersion footpath below 200nm of polyvinylpyrrolidone, said composition is carried out throwing by melt spinning, obtain as-spun fibre, this as-spun fibre is further stretched, obtain extending silk.
8. the preparation method of moisture absorption type polyester fiber according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: when described low temperature blend refers to blend, extruder feeding section temperature is below 80 ℃, and the fusing department temperature is above 10~20 ℃ of melting point polyester, and the kneading part temperature is 180~230 ℃.
9. the preparation method of moisture absorption type polyester fiber according to claim 7 is characterized in that: during melt spinning, mouth gold section cartridge heater temperature is higher 20~50 ℃ than spinning temperature.
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Cited By (5)
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CN103451767A (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2013-12-18 | 苏州龙杰特种纤维股份有限公司 | Hydroscopic polyester fiber and preparation method thereof |
WO2014056429A1 (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2014-04-17 | 东丽纤维研究所(中国)有限公司 | Hygroscopic polyester fiber and manufacturing method thereof |
CN108950724A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-12-07 | 含山县海达服饰有限公司 | Polyester fiber is taken in a kind of movement of wash resistant |
CN112695443A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-23 | 宁波三同编织有限公司 | Shirt fabric and preparation method thereof |
CN114717753A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-07-08 | 无锡科逸新材料有限公司 | Layered elastomer with self-controlled environmental humidity |
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CN108950724A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-12-07 | 含山县海达服饰有限公司 | Polyester fiber is taken in a kind of movement of wash resistant |
CN112695443A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-23 | 宁波三同编织有限公司 | Shirt fabric and preparation method thereof |
CN114717753A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-07-08 | 无锡科逸新材料有限公司 | Layered elastomer with self-controlled environmental humidity |
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