CN103120269A - Pike overwintering feed and production method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to pike overwintering feed and a production method thereof. The pike overwintering feed is characterized by comprising the following raw materials: fish meal, bean pulp, rapeseed dregs, peanut meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten meal, bran, wheat, corn, rice bran, brewer's grain, mixed oil (mixed by fish oil, soya-bean oil and lard oil according to a ratio of 1:1:1), L-carnitine, garlic, pre-mix compounds, monocalcium phosphate, zeolite powder and salt which are compatible in the production method. In the conventional formula daily ration, the brewer's grain, the soya-bean oil, the lard oil, the L-carnitine, the garlic and the corn are added. The feed preparing method comprises the following steps: weighing and crushing the raw materials, stirring and uniformly mixing the raw materials and finally granulating the raw materials into granule feed. The granule feed is comprehensive and rich in nutrition, the appetite can be enhanced, the cold resistance and stress resistance can be improved during overwintering period, the diseases are reduced, and the survival rate is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mullet overwintering feed and production method thereof, belong to aquatic product matched field of feed.
Background technology
Mullet (Liza haematocheila) belongs to Mugiliformes Mugiliformes, Mugilidae Mugilidae, and mullet is short and wide, body extension, anterior cylindrical, the rear portion is flat-sided gradually, back of the body edge is straight, and belly is rounded, is warm with one of important economic fish in neritic area.Distribution is all arranged in the world, mainly inhabit the Nearshore Shallow Sea area that the depth of water is no more than 10m, also there is distribution in the district at fresh water from river mouth, does not do the trip of wandering of long distance, is a kind of region fish.All there is distribution in the areas such as the South Sea, the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea in China.Mullet has the characteristics such as fingerling cultivation survival rate is high, stable yield, delicious meat, better economic benefit, growth is rapid, disease is few, reproductive capacity is strong, is a kind of economic fish breed variety of high-quality, is generally cultivated in China at present.
Various places mating period of mullet have different, and Bohai Sea Gulf is for by the end of April at the beginning of 6 months, and Zhejiang is that the first arrival in April is at the beginning of 5 months.The age at sexual maturity milter was 2～3 ages, and raun was 3～4 ages.Along with the progressively popularization of propagating the mullet technology artificially, the eating requirements to mullet continues to increase people in each season, and the juvenile growth of artificial breeding cultivation mullet is very fast, just can grow to 200mm autumn then, and can gather in the crops for 10 the end of month.But enter the stage of surviving the winter immediately, fish are through during Wintering Period, and physique consumption is larger, physique a little less than, resistance is poor, and spring, temperature and water temperature constantly rise, various causal organisms are movable to be strengthened, fish are very easily attacked by cause of disease.Therefore, the fingerling quality in the stage of surviving the winter, coefficient of condition, survival rate etc. can affect adult fish culture in the coming year, indirectly affect the economic benefit of breeding fish.From existing patent and paper, have no the overwintering feed report, and also rare for the feed of mullet in the market, the lighter special-purpose bait of surviving the winter on not, and use the conventional commercial feed fish body of throwing something and feeding, easily cause feed waste large, easily polluted-water, increase feed cost, affect the survival rate of fingerling.Given this, the present invention is directed to the life habit of mullet overwintering period, the mullet overwintering feed that exploitation is special-purpose improves its immunocompetence, strengthens the physique of mullet, reduces disease and occurs, and promotes the sound development of mullet industry.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned weak point, thereby a kind of mullet overwintering feed and production method thereof are provided, improve the immunocompetence of mullet, build up health, reduce disease and occur, be conducive to the healthy growth of mullet.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, a kind of mullet overwintering feed comprises following component, and its component ratio is by weight counted:
fish meal 3.0-5.0 part, dregs of beans 12.0-14.0 part, rapeseed dregs 13.0-15.0 part, peanut meal 8.0-10.0 part, cotton dregs 7.0-10.0 part, corn protein powder 3.0-5.0 part, wheat bran 12.0-15.0 part, wheat 13.0-15.0 part, corn 3.0-5.0 part, rice bran 3.0-5.0 part, brewex's grains 4.0-5.0 part, miscella 2.0-3.0 part, VBT 0.3-0.5 part, garlic 1.0-1.5 part, premix 1.0-1.5 part, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.0-1.5 part, zeolite powder 0.8-1.4 part, salt 0.3-0.5 part.
First fish meal, dregs of beans, vegetable seed, peanut meal, cotton dregs, corn protein powder, wheat bran, wheat, corn, rice bran, brewex's grains, miscella, VBT, garlic, premix, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, zeolite powder, salt are mixed mixing; Pulverizing through pulverizer after stirring and evenly mixing is mixed material, utilizes at last the conventional method granulation feed of pellet.
A kind of mullet overwintering feed and production method thereof, adopt following processing step:
(1) once pulverize: first fish meal, dregs of beans, rapeseed dregs, peanut meal, cotton dregs, corn protein powder, wheat bran, wheat, corn, rice bran, brewex's grains are pulverized as mixing thick material for the first time through pulverizer, and the screen cloth by 2.0mm;
(2) batch mixing: will mix again thick material and miscella, VBT, garlic, premix, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, zeolite powder, salt is mixed material after being stirred in the interior mixing of mixer (V-Mixer, Liyang Huida Machinery Co., Ltd.); Mixer feeds intake rotating speed: 18-20 rev/min;
(3) separating twice: pulverize for the second time by pulverizer, and by the 40-60 eye mesh screen; Pulverizer is pulverized speed: 400-500 rev/min;
(4) granulate: mixed material is made feed granules with aquatic products feeding stuff cuber (STZG series, just prosperous group company), and the pellet particle diameter is 2.0-4.0mm
(5) drying: feed granules is being dried at 95 ℃ of temperature in drying machine (DWT series band drier, just prosperous group company);
(6) packing: pack after the feed after drying (SKLG900 cylinder cooler, just prosperous group company) in cooler is cooling.
Described miscella is fish oil: soya-bean oil: lard=1: 1: 1; Described premix is 1% fish mineral matter and vitamin premix.
Compared with the prior art the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) this pellet has added VBT, brewex's grains, garlic additive, these additives have cold-resistant effect of stress and murder harmful bacteria, and have certain food calling effect, increase palatability, be conducive to reduce the feed coefficient of mullet, improve its survival rate.
(2) added wheat, corn, rapeseed dregs in mixed feed, increased mullet starch is converted into fatty ability, and be converted into self and need fat, satisfy fish body storage power needs, increase the fertile degree of fish body, can effectively control feed cost.
(3) grease that adds in this mixed feed is that fish oil, soya-bean oil and lard mixed according to 1: 1: 1, animal fat and vegetable oil are mixed use, make the aliphatic acid in each grease form mutual supplement with each other's advantages, satisfy mullet to the needs of essential fatty acid, promote the mullet rapid growth.
(4) this mixed feed comprehensive nutrition, abundant improves immunity and the oxidation resistance of hybridized prussian carp, raising stress, strengthen resistance against diseases, applicable this pellet does not need to take the antibiont medicine, the fishery-ies product of producing is nuisanceless green environmental protection food.
The specific embodiment
Following the present invention is further described in connection with embodiment:
Embodiment one a kind of mullet overwintering feed of the present invention and production method thereof, adopt following processing step:
The present invention prepares its each raw material of 100kg feed and forms: fish meal 3.0kg, dregs of beans 12.0kg, vegetable seed 13.0kg, peanut meal 10.0kg, cotton dregs 10.0kg, corn protein powder 5.0kg, wheat bran 15.0kg, wheat 13.0kg, corn 5.0kg, rice bran 3.0kg, brewex's grains 4.0kg, miscella 2.0kg, VBT 0.3kg, garlic 1.0kg, premix 1.2kg, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.20kg, zeolite powder 0.8kg, salt 0.5kg.
(1) first fish meal, dregs of beans, rapeseed dregs, peanut meal, cotton dregs, corn protein powder, wheat bran, wheat, corn, rice bran, brewex's grains are pulverized as mixing thick material for the first time through pulverizer, and the screen cloth by 2.0mm;
(2) will mix again thick material and miscella, VBT, garlic, premix, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, zeolite powder, salt is mixed material after being stirred in the interior mixing of mixer (V-Mixer, Liyang Huida Machinery Co., Ltd.); The mixer rotating speed that feeds intake: 18 rev/mins;
(3) pulverize for the second time by pulverizer, and by 60 eye mesh screens; Pulverizer is pulverized speed: 400 rev/mins;
(4) mixed material is made feed granules with aquatic products feeding stuff cuber (STZG series, just prosperous group company).Feed granules particle diameter: 2.0mm;
(5) feed granules is being dried at 95 ℃ of temperature in drying machine (DWT series band drier, just prosperous group company);
(6) feed (SKLG900 cylinder cooler, just prosperous group company) in cooler after drying is packed after cooling.
Two mouthfuls of ponds of the mullet adult fish culture of the Yancheng, Jiangsu Province shining sun, the area of a bite cultivating pool is 20 mu, and another cultivating pool area is 15 mu, and the pond depth of water is 1.8 meters left and right.Put then the mullet fingerling in a suitable place to breed in 2012, about November, fish body size is 70-80g.Before experiment, two mouthfuls are cleaned up the pond with the sterilization of cleaning up the pond of quick lime 120 kg/mu.After with the mullet fingerling with after METHIONINE AMINO-CARBOXYL IODINE COMPLEX sterilization, put in a suitable place to breed in the pond with the density of 2500 tail/mus, carry out winter test.Wherein conventional mullet commodity mixed feed for contrasting pool mouth, is used in 20 mu of fish ponds, and the mullet overwintering feed by above-mentioned formula is used for the test pool in another 20 mu of fish ponds.Strengthen whole process control in breeding process, according to weather condition, day throws something and feeds 1 time, and daily ration of feeding is 0.5% left and right of fish body weight, and according to the food situation, does appropriate adjustment.Two months weeks, the collected specimens analysis.Result shows: compare (commodity in use feed) with control group, use the rate of body weight gain remarkable (P＜0.05) of above-mentioned overwintering feed group to improve respectively 10.5%, promote the fish bulk-growth.
Embodiment two
A kind of mullet overwintering feed of the present invention and production method thereof, adopt following processing step:
The present invention prepares its each raw material of 100kg feed and forms: fish meal 4.0kg, dregs of beans 13.0kg, vegetable seed 14.0kg, peanut meal 9.0kg, cotton dregs 8.0kg, corn protein powder 4.0kg, wheat bran 13.0kg, wheat 14.0kg, corn 4.0kg, rice bran 4.0kg, brewex's grains 5.0kg, miscella (fish oil: soya-bean oil: lard=1: 1: 1) 2.5kg, VBT 0.4kg, garlic 1.2kg, premix 1.3kg, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.0kg, zeolite powder 1.2kg, salt 0.4kg.
(1) fish meal, dregs of beans, rapeseed dregs, peanut meal, cotton dregs, corn protein powder, wheat bran, wheat, corn, rice bran, brewex's grains are pulverized as mixing thick material for the first time through pulverizer, and the screen cloth by 2mm;
(2) will mix thick material and miscella, VBT, garlic, premix, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, zeolite powder, salt is mixed material after being stirred in the interior mixing of mixer (V-Mixer, Liyang Huida Machinery Co., Ltd.); The mixer rotating speed that feeds intake: 19 rev/mins;
(3) said mixture is pulverized for the second time through pulverizer, and by 60 eye mesh screens; Pulverizer is pulverized speed: 450 rev/mins;
(4) subsequently mixed material is made feed granules with aquatic products feeding stuff cuber (STZG series, just prosperous group company).Feed granules particle diameter: 3mm;
(5) feed granules is being dried at 95 ℃ of temperature in drying machine (DWT series band drier, just prosperous group company);
(6) expanded pellet diet (SKLG900 cylinder cooler, just prosperous group company) in cooler after drying is packed after cooling.
Two mouthfuls of ponds of the mullet adult fish culture of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province strand, the area of a bite cultivating pool is 10 mu, and another cultivating pool area is 8 mu, and the pond depth of water is 2 meters left and right.Put then the mullet fingerling in a suitable place to breed in 2012, about November, fish body size is 80-90g.Before experiment, two mouthfuls are cleaned up the pond with the sterilization of cleaning up the pond of 150 kg/acres of quick limes.After with the mullet fingerling with after METHIONINE AMINO-CARBOXYL IODINE COMPLEX sterilization, put in a suitable place to breed in the pond with the density of 2200 tail/mus, carry out winter test.Wherein conventional mullet commodity mixed feed for contrasting pool mouth, is used in 10 mu of fish ponds, and the mullet overwintering feed by above-mentioned formula is used for the test pool in another 10 mu of fish ponds.Strengthen whole process control in breeding process, according to weather condition, day throws something and feeds 1 time, and a day throwing erbium amount is 0.5% left and right of fish body weight, and according to the food situation, does appropriate adjustment.Two months weeks, the collected specimens analysis.Result shows: compare (commodity in use feed) with control group, use the rate of body weight gain remarkable (P＜0.05) of above-mentioned overwintering feed group to improve respectively 12.5%, improve survival rate 13%; Therefore, promote the fish bulk-growth.
Embodiment three
A kind of mullet overwintering feed of the present invention and production method thereof, adopt following processing step:
The present invention prepares its each raw material of 100kg feed and forms: fish meal 5.0kg, dregs of beans 14.0kg, vegetable seed 15.0kg, peanut meal 8.0kg, cotton dregs 7.0kg, corn protein powder 3.0kg, wheat bran 12.0kg, wheat 15.0kg, corn 3.0kg, rice bran 4.5kg, brewex's grains 4.5kg, miscella (fish oil: soya-bean oil: lard=1: 1: 1) 3.0kg, VBT 0.5kg, garlic 1.5kg, premix 1.0kg, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.3kg, zeolite powder 1.4kg, salt 0.3kg.
(1) fish meal, dregs of beans, rapeseed dregs, peanut meal, cotton dregs, corn protein powder, wheat bran, wheat, corn, rice bran, brewex's grains are pulverized as mixing thick material for the first time through pulverizer, and the screen cloth by 2mm;
(2) will mix thick material and miscella, VBT, garlic, premix, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, zeolite powder, salt is mixed material after being stirred in the interior mixing of mixer (V-Mixer, Liyang Huida Machinery Co., Ltd.); The mixer rotating speed that feeds intake: 20 rev/mins;
(3) said mixture is pulverized for the second time through pulverizer, and by 60 eye mesh screens; Pulverizer is pulverized speed: 500 rev/mins;
(4) mixed material is made feed granules, feed feed granules particle diameter: 4mm with aquatic products feeding stuff cuber (STZG series, just prosperous group company);
(5) after, feed granules is being dried at 95 ℃ of temperature in drying machine (DWT series band drier, just prosperous group company);
(6) expanded pellet diet (SKLG900 cylinder cooler, just prosperous group company) in cooler after drying is packed after cooling.
Two mouthfuls of ponds of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province salt mullet adult fish culture all, the area of a bite cultivating pool is 15 mu, and another cultivating pool area is 10 mu, and the pond depth of water is 1.9 meters left and right.Put then the mullet fingerling in a suitable place to breed in 2012, about November, fish body size is 90-100g.Before experiment, two mouthfuls are cleaned up the pond with the sterilization of cleaning up the pond of 150 kg/acres of quick limes.After with the mullet fingerling with after METHIONINE AMINO-CARBOXYL IODINE COMPLEX sterilization, put in a suitable place to breed in the pond with the density of 2000 tail/mus, carry out winter test.Wherein conventional mullet commodity mixed feed for contrasting pool mouth, is used in 15 mu of fish ponds, and the mullet overwintering feed by above-mentioned formula is used for the test pool in another 10 mu of fish ponds.Strengthen whole process control in breeding process, according to weather condition, day throws something and feeds 1 time, and daily ration of feeding is 0.5% left and right of fish body weight, and according to the food situation, does appropriate adjustment.Two months weeks, the collected specimens analysis.Result shows: compare (commodity in use feed) with control group, use the rate of body weight gain remarkable (P＜0.05) of above-mentioned overwintering feed group to improve respectively 9.89%, improve survival rate 15%; Therefore, promote the fish bulk-growth.
Claims (4)
1. mullet overwintering feed, its component is counted by weight:
fish meal 3.0-5.0 part, dregs of beans 12.0-14.0 part, vegetable seed 13.0-15.0 part, peanut meal 8.0-10.0 part, cotton dregs 7.0-10.0 part, corn protein powder 3.0-5.0 part, wheat bran 12.0-15.0 part, wheat 13.0-15.0 part, corn 3.0-5.0 part, rice bran 3.0-5.0 part, brewex's grains 4.0-5.0 part, miscella 2.0-3.0 part, VBT 0.3-0.5 part, garlic 1.0-1.5 part, premix 1.0-1.5 part, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.0-1.5 part, zeolite powder 0.8-1.4 part, salt 0.3-0.5 part,
First fish meal, dregs of beans, vegetable seed, peanut meal, cotton dregs, corn protein powder, wheat bran, wheat, corn, rice bran, brewex's grains, miscella, VBT, garlic, premix, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, zeolite powder, salt are mixed mixing; Pulverizing through pulverizer after stirring and evenly mixing is mixed material, utilizes at last the conventional method granulation feed of pellet.
2. a kind of mullet overwintering feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that described pellet particle diameter is 2.0-4.0mm.
3. miscella is fish oil according to claim 1: soya-bean oil: lard=1: 1: 1; Described premix is 1% fish mineral matter and vitamin premix.
4. the production method of a mullet overwintering feed as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that step is as follows:
(1) once pulverize: first fish meal 3.0-5.0 part, dregs of beans 12.0-14.0 part, vegetable seed 13.0-15.0 part, peanut meal 8.0-10.0 part, cotton dregs 7.0-10.0 part, corn protein powder 3.0-5.0 part, wheat bran 12.0-15.0 part, wheat 13.0-15.0 part, corn 3.0-5.0 part, rice bran 3.0-5.0 part, brewex's grains 4.0-5.0 part are pulverized as mixing thick material for the first time through pulverizer, and by 10-20 purpose screen cloth;
(2) batch mixing: will be stirred in step (1) gained mixer material and miscella 2.0-3.0 part, VBT 0.3-0.5 part, garlic 1.0-1.5 part, premix 1.0-1.5 part, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.0-1.5 part, zeolite powder 0.8-1.4 part, salt 0.3-0.5 part again and be mixed material in mixer after mixing; The mixer rotating speed that feeds intake is: 18-20 rev/min;
(3) separating twice: the mixed material of getting step (2) gained drops in pulverizer to be pulverized for the second time, and by the 40-60 eye mesh screen; Pulverizer pulverizing speed is 400-500 rev/min;
(4) granulate: the mixed material of getting after the separating twice that step (3) makes is made feed granules with the aquatic products feeding stuff cuber;
(5) drying: will get step (4) and make feed granules and dry at 95 ℃ of temperature in drying machine;
(6) packing: will get feed after step (5) oven dry and pack after cooling in cooler.
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