Reprocessed plastic(s) sorting method and equipment thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to the recovery technology field of plastics or the waste material containing other plastic component.
Background technology
The premium propertiess such as plastics fall because it is anti-, wear-resisting, easy to use, cost is low are widely used in every field, along with social development, the development of plastics technology is maked rapid progress, increasing gradually of plastics, output significantly rises year by year, but because the various manufacture craft of plastics variety is different, the waste or used plastics after mixing causes recovery very difficult.Therefore technics of reclaim of plastic waste technique Yi Cheng world today significant problem.
Current technics of reclaim of plastic waste method is a lot, with regard to PET and PVC, has electrostatic method, colour-selection technique, temperature differential method, polarity flotation process, froth-flotation method, pressurized heat dissolution method etc.Electrostatic method, colour-selection technique, temperature differential method, polarity flotation process, froth-flotation method etc. are because selected materials is because of form, and quality, the fabrication process condition not difference of constant character causes and is difficult to reach high-purity raw grade standard.And pressurized heat dissolution method not easily realizes automatization streamline operration due to time long complex process, sorting cost height is thus caused not easily to promote.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of reprocessed plastic(s) sorting method and equipment thereof, thoroughly solve the technical barrier of reprocessed plastic(s) sorting, have that separation purity is high, method and structure is simple, cost is low feature.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of reprocessed plastic(s) sorting method, comprises the steps:
(1) by the crushing material to be separated containing plastics A and B, and the impurity in material is removed, for subsequent use;
(2) in material, adding solvent, that A is carried out is fully swelling; Described solvent-swollen A and not swelling B;
(3) by the material making beating after swelling, the A after swelling smashes pulping, obtains the slurry of A and the mixture of B;
(4) mixture of the slurry of A and B is carried out sorting, the plastics B sub-elected is carried out drying, obtains plastics B; The slurry of A is separated, obtains plastics A.
Preferably, plastics A is PVC, and plastics B is PET; Described in step (2), solvent is tetrahydrofuran (THF), cyclohexanone, ethylene dichloride, trichloromethane, toluene, monobromethane, dimethyl formamide, acetone or methyl ethyl ketone.
Preferably, the material diameter after pulverizing is less than 1cm.
The equipment that reprocessed plastic(s) sorting method is used, comprise swelling pulper, sorting cleaning machine, pulp separation device and only expect moisture eliminator, swelling pulper comprises swelling tank body, propelling trommel screen is provided with in swelling tank body, swelling tank body is provided with material inlet, solvent inlet and material outlet, advance the feed end of trommel screen to be connected with material outlet with material inlet respectively with discharge end, material outlet is communicated with the entrance of pulper, and pulper is also provided with material liquid outlet;
Sorting cleaning machine comprises sorting tank body, separating cylinder sieve is provided with in sorting tank body, sorting tank body is provided with liquor inlet, cleaning solvent import, slurry outlet and only expects outlet, and the feed end of separating cylinder sieve is connected with only expecting to export with liquor inlet respectively with discharge end.
Pulp separation device comprises pulp storing tank and drying machine with centrifugal spray, and the outlet of pulp storing tank is connected with the import of drying machine with centrifugal spray by force (forcing) pump, and described drying machine with centrifugal spray comprises heating machine barrel, is provided with rotary spray head in heating machine barrel.
Clean material moisture eliminator comprises drying box, is provided with drying drum in drying box, and drying box is provided with the import of clean material and only expects outlet, and the feed end of drying drum expects import and only expect to export to be connected with clean with discharge end respectively.
Swelling tank body lower part is provided with particle collector.
Also comprise wind-power lifting machine and cyclonic separator, the outlet of wind-power lifting machine is connected with the import of cyclonic separator; The outlet of cyclonic separator is connected with the material inlet of swelling pulper.
Also comprise solvent recovery unit and e Foerderanlage, solvent recovery unit comprises condenser and solvent recovery tank, and the outlet of condenser is connected with solvent recovery tank, and moisture eliminator is connected with condenser with the top exit of drying machine with centrifugal spray; E Foerderanlage comprises the first transfer roller and second conveyor, the first transfer roller with only expect that the outlet of moisture eliminator is connected, second conveyor exports with drying machine with centrifugal spray and is connected.
The material liquid outlet of pulper is connected by the liquor inlet of the first conveyer device&apos with sorting cleaning machine; The clean material outlet of sorting cleaning machine by the second conveyer device&apos with only expect that the import of moisture eliminator is connected.
Choose suitable solvent by one generation states of matter change (namely swelling) in two kinds of plastics, two kinds of plastics are differentiated, as not in there is soft or hard, and then make mechanically to be smashed by soft material pulping, but do not affect another without swelling duroplasts.Through swelling slurrying, two kinds of plastics morphologically produce significant difference, two kinds of complete sortings of plastics of sheet and pulpous state can be come by screen cloth, thoroughly solve the technical barrier of reprocessed plastic(s) sorting.
Two kinds of plastics after screening, can make solvent gasify by different drying modes and reclaim.
Raw material is promoted by wind-power lifting machine, achieves remote manipulation, does not limit by locus, makes operator and the remote harmless operation of conversion unit.
Raw material is promoted to cyclonic separator by wind-power lifting machine, carry out dedusting removal of impurities through cyclonic separator, enter swelling pulper, advanced by propelling trommel screen, in propelling trommel screen, the tiny sand and dust screening in raw material is collected in particle collector and treat effective discharge, ensure the purity of material.
The separating cylinder sieve of sorting cleaning machine, screening sheet stock and slurry while, also can clean the micro-slurries in sheet stock surface through cleaning solvent, ensure that the sheet stock sub-elected is clean.
In drying machine with centrifugal spray, the drop-wise particle that high-pressure slurry sprays through rotary spray head is thrown on hot cylindrical shell, then tumbles out machine through self gravitation, self is tumbling simultaneously because the rapid drying of cylindrical shell heat reaches gas-liquid separation, plastics A is returned to raw material level state, then is released by the discharge port of bottom.
Because whole technique adopts organic solvent, organic solvent is volatile, so must adopt closed-loop operation.Material transferring between each equipment adopts conveyer device&apos or pipeline, material transferring in swelling pulper, sorting cleaning machine and clean material moisture eliminator adopts pusher cylinder, can closed-loop operation be realized, automatization streamline operration can be realized again, ensure the continuity of producing.
Drying machine with centrifugal spray and clean material moisture eliminator complete dry work at enclosed space, and be all recovered to condenser condenses after solvent gasification and liquefy and deliver to solvent recovery tank, recovered solvent is used in swell process or sorting cleaning.
Adopt the recovered temperature of solvent generally lower than 80 degree, be convenient to recycle, energy consumption is little, can reuse, and be convenient to airtight manipulation, safety coefficient is high, and environmental pollution is little.
The beneficial effect adopting technique scheme to produce is:
1, this invention exploits reprocessed plastic(s) sorting method, thoroughly solve the technical barrier of reprocessed plastic(s) sorting, separation purity is high, and solvent recuperation temperature is low, and energy consumption is little, and can 100% to reclaim, environmental pollution is little.
2, equipment of the present invention can realize closed-loop operation and automatic production, both ensure that the security of production, in turn ensure that the continuity of production.
3, device structure is simple, is easy to realize, and the efficiency of separation is high, and cost is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of swelling pulper in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of sorting cleaning machine in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is drying machine with centrifugal spray structural representation in Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is clean material dryer configuration schematic diagram in Fig. 1.
1, wind-power lifting machine; 2, cyclonic separator; 3, swelling pulper; 4, sorting cleaning machine; 5, the first conveyer device' 6, only moisture eliminator is expected; 7, drying machine with centrifugal spray; 8, outlet is only expected; 9, pulp storing tank; 10, the second conveyer device' 11, force (forcing) pump; 12, second conveyor; 13, the first transfer roller; 14, condenser; 15, solvent recovery tank; 16, swelling tank body; 17, trommel screen is advanced; 18, material inlet; 19, solvent inlet; 20, material liquid outlet; 21, pulper; 22, particle collector; 23, sorting tank body; 24, slurry outlet; 25, separating cylinder sieve; 26, liquor inlet; 27, cleaning solvent import; 28, machine barrel is heated; 29, rotary spray head; 30, drying box; 31, drying drum.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of reprocessed plastic(s) sorting method, comprises the steps:
(1) by the crushing material to be separated containing plastics A and B, the impurity in material is removed, for subsequent use;
(2) in material, adding solvent, that A is carried out is fully swelling; Described solvent-swollen A and not swelling B;
(3) by the material making beating after swelling, the A after swelling smashes pulping, obtains the slurry of A and the mixture of B;
(4) mixture of the slurry of A and B is carried out sorting, the plastics B sub-elected is carried out drying, obtains plastics B; The slurry of A is carried out spraying dry, then through centrifugal granulating, obtains plastics A.
Embodiment 2
Plastics A is PVC, and plastics B is PET, and tetrahydrofuran (THF) selected by solvent.
Carry out sorting in the steps below:
(1) by the crushing material to be separated containing plastic pvc and PET, the material diameter after pulverizing is less than 1cm, removes the impurity in material, for subsequent use;
(2) in material, adding tetrahydrofuran (THF), that PVC is carried out is fully swelling;
(3) by the material making beating after swelling, the PVC after swelling smashes pulping, obtains the slurry of PVC and the mixture of PET;
(4) mixture of the slurry of PVC and PET is carried out sorting, the PET sub-elected is carried out drying, obtains PET; The slurry of PVC is carried out spraying dry, then through centrifugal granulating, obtains PVC.
Embodiment 3
Plastics A is PVC, and plastics B is PET, solvent cyclohexanone.
Carry out sorting in the steps below:
(1) by the crushing material to be separated containing PVC and PET, the material diameter after pulverizing is less than 1cm, removes the impurity in material, for subsequent use;
(2) in material, adding cyclohexanone, that PVC is carried out is fully swelling;
(3) by the material making beating after swelling, the PVC after swelling smashes pulping, obtains the slurry of PVC and the mixture of PET;
(4) mixture of the slurry of PVC and PET is carried out sorting, the PET sub-elected is carried out drying, obtains plastics PET; The slurry of PVC is carried out spraying dry, then through centrifugal granulating, obtains PVC.
Embodiment 4
Plastics A is PC, and plastics B is PE, solvent trieline.
A kind of reprocessed plastic(s) sorting method, comprises the steps:
(1) by the crushing material to be separated containing PC and PE, the impurity in material is removed, for subsequent use;
(2) in material, adding trieline, that PC is carried out is fully swelling;
(3) by the material making beating after swelling, the PC after swelling smashes pulping, obtains the slurry of PC and the mixture of PE;
(4) mixture of the slurry of PC and PE is carried out sorting, the PE sub-elected is carried out drying, obtains PE; The slurry of PC is carried out spraying dry, then through centrifugal granulating, obtains PC.
Embodiment 5
Plastics A is ABS, and plastics B is PP, solvent methylethylketone.
Carry out sorting in the steps below:
(1) by the crushing material to be separated containing ABS and PP, the impurity in material is removed, for subsequent use;
(2) in material, adding methylethylketone, that ABS is carried out is fully swelling;
(3) by the material making beating after swelling, the ABS after swelling smashes pulping, obtains the slurry of ABS and the mixture of PP;
(4) mixture of the slurry of ABS and PP is carried out sorting, the plastics PP sub-elected is carried out drying, obtains plastics PP; The slurry of ABS is carried out spraying dry, then through centrifugal granulating, obtains ABS.
Embodiment 6-11
In embodiment 6-11, plastics A is PVC, and plastics B is PET, and solvent selects ethylene dichloride, trichloromethane, toluene, monobromethane, dimethyl formamide, acetone or methyl ethyl ketone respectively, and other steps are with embodiment 2.
The equipment that reprocessed plastic(s) sorting method is used, as shown in Figure 1, comprises swelling pulper 3, sorting cleaning machine 4, pulp separation device and clean material moisture eliminator 6.
As Fig. 2, swelling pulper 3 comprises swelling tank body 16, be provided with in swelling tank body 16 and advance trommel screen 17, swelling tank body 16 is provided with material inlet 18, solvent inlet 19 and material outlet, the feed end of trommel screen 17 is advanced to be connected with material outlet with material inlet 18 respectively with discharge end, material outlet is communicated with the entrance of pulper 21, and pulper 21 is also provided with material liquid outlet 20;
As Fig. 3, sorting cleaning machine 4 comprises sorting tank body 23, separating cylinder sieve 25 is provided with in sorting tank body 23, sorting tank body 23 is provided with liquor inlet 26, cleaning solvent import 27, slurry outlet 24 and the outlet 8 of clean material, and the feed end of separating cylinder sieve 25 and discharge end are respectively with liquor inlet 26 with only expect that outlet 8 is connected.
Pulp separation device comprises pulp storing tank 9 and drying machine with centrifugal spray 7, and the outlet of pulp storing tank 9 is connected by the import of force (forcing) pump 11 with drying machine with centrifugal spray 7.
As Fig. 4, drying machine with centrifugal spray 7 comprises heating machine barrel 28, is provided with rotary spray head 29 in heating machine barrel 28.
As Fig. 5, material moisture eliminator 6 comprises drying box 30 only, is provided with drying drum 31 in drying box 30, and drying box 30 is provided with the import of clean material and only expects outlet, and the feed end of drying drum 31 expects import and only expect to export to be connected with clean with discharge end respectively.
Swelling tank body 16 bottom is provided with particle collector 22.
Also comprise wind-power lifting machine 1 and cyclonic separator 2, the outlet of wind-power lifting machine 1 is connected with the import of cyclonic separator 2; The outlet of cyclonic separator 2 is connected with the material inlet 18 of swelling pulper 3.
Also comprise solvent recovery unit and e Foerderanlage, solvent recovery unit comprises condenser 14 and solvent recovery tank 15, and the outlet of condenser 14 is connected with solvent recovery tank 15, and moisture eliminator 6 is connected with condenser 14 with the top exit of drying machine with centrifugal spray 7; E Foerderanlage comprises the first transfer roller 13 and second conveyor 12, first transfer roller 13 and only expects that the outlet of moisture eliminator 6 is connected, and second conveyor 12 exports with drying machine with centrifugal spray 7 and is connected.
The material liquid outlet 20 of pulper 21 is connected with the liquor inlet 26 of sorting cleaning machine 4 by the first conveyer device&apos 5; The clean material outlet of sorting cleaning machine 4 by the second conveyer device&apos 10 with only expect that the import of moisture eliminator 6 is connected.
During use, material to be separated is promoted to cyclonic separator 2 by wind-power lifting machine 1 and carries out dedusting removal of impurities, material after dedusting removal of impurities enters swelling pulper 3 and carries out swelling, slurrying, feed liquid is delivered to sorting cleaning machine 4 by the first conveyer device&apos 5 and carries out sorting, the clean material sub-elected is delivered to clean material moisture eliminator 6 by the second conveyer device&apos 10 and carries out drying after solvent cleaning, and the clean material after drying is delivered to subsequent processing by the first transfer roller 13 and packs; Sub-elect slurry through sorting cleaning machine 4 and enter pulp storing tank 9, then enter in drying machine with centrifugal spray 7 after force (forcing) pump 11 pressurizes, carry out centrifugal spray drying, the material after drying is delivered to packaging process by second conveyor 12.