CN103109146A - Method of drying particulate material - Google Patents
Method of drying particulate material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103109146A CN103109146A CN2011800338864A CN201180033886A CN103109146A CN 103109146 A CN103109146 A CN 103109146A CN 2011800338864 A CN2011800338864 A CN 2011800338864A CN 201180033886 A CN201180033886 A CN 201180033886A CN 103109146 A CN103109146 A CN 103109146A
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- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- main body
- conveyer belt
- layer
- vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/02—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces
- F26B17/04—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces the belts being all horizontal or slightly inclined
- F26B17/045—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces the belts being all horizontal or slightly inclined the material on the belt being agitated, dispersed or turned over by mechanical means, e.g. by vibrating the belt, by fixed, rotating or oscillating elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/12—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by suction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
This invention relates to a method of drying particulate material, and more particularly but not exclusively, to a method of drying a fine material using a belt filter. The method includes the steps of providing a body of substantially heterogeneously sized particulate material, the body having an operatively upper zone and an operatively lower zone; and continuously exposing the body from below the operatively lower zone of the body to a repetitive sequence of pressures above and below atmospheric pressure, in order for the pressure above atmospheric pressure to aid in the vertical alignment of particles of different sizes, and for the pressure below atmospheric pressure to aid in the removal of moisture from the material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of dry granular material, more specifically but be not exclusively, relate to a kind of method of using band filter dry fines material.
Background technology
Need dry fine material can be derived from multiple ore dressing and/or mining process.Due to the character of fine material, the moisture that keeps in these materials can produce a lot of undesirable problems.Wherein, water loss is one of subject matter in surrounding environment.Secondly, the moisture that keeps in microfine coal and fine breeze can reduce energy efficiency, and this also makes these fine powders nonconforming.In order to make fine powder partly be suitable for selling, need to remove moisture to acceptable level from the fine powder part.
For example, mining industry has been developed several different methods for dry fines and super-fine material.These methods generally include, especially, and drying bed, band filter, belt filter press and hydraulic pressure filter press.The below will briefly describe the method for mentioning, and the relevant pluses and minuses of these methods.
Usually, have the dam that to place therein fine powder lining, high surface area by structure drying bed is provided.Subsequently, water can be by means of for example, and water is removed by press water pipeline system from drying bed.Water goes out from the surperficial decant of fine powder, and namely so-called upper strata clear water, in case drying bed becomes dry, dig out the superfine powder material and sell with the form of coal dust with mechanical.Utilize the advantage of drying bed to be, in case drying bed is in place, drying bed can be processed a large amount of slurries, and drying cost is minimum simultaneously.Utilize the shortcoming of drying bed to comprise, main Capital expenditure is used for constructing this drying bed, the water loss that evaporation causes, the revenue losses that delay between dry period causes is owing to overflowing the possibility that the top may be revealed towards periphery and chemical breakdown is arranged due to the coal that is subject to for a long time oxidation and various other complex situations.
Belt filter press generally includes two bands, and slurry can be placed between described two bands, and is extruded subsequently.Band filter also utilizes vacuum sucking-off water from filter.The advantage of use filter press comprises can carry out continuous drying, needs less operations area and can reclaim immediately the water of removing in slurry.Further advantage comprises and the product of drying can be joined production line and can realize income turnover faster.Use the shortcoming of belt filter press to comprise high installation cost, high material cost and maintenance cost and corresponding high operating cost operating cost.
Utilize another and extremely significant shortcoming of belt filter press to be, by the material that hydraulic compression is placed, the permeability of this material reduces, and extracts the also corresponding reduction of ability of all Free water.The compression hydrous material is only for increasing the pore pressure of material, and corresponding result is before compacting, to extract the water of maximum.Therefore, in fact be wasted in order to remove the energy that Free water uses.
The hydraulic pressure filter press comprises filter bag, and fine material can be placed in this filter bag, and the mode that the material in filter bag can hydraulic pressure is subsequently compressed.The hydraulic pressure filter press also utilizes vacuum sucking-off water from filter bag.In case complete drying cycles, from filter bag, batch of material is blown into feed bin, repeat this circulation.Utilize the advantage of hydraulic pressure filter press to comprise quick recycle-water, minimize the adverse effect of environment and realize fast vendible product.Yet the shortcoming of hydraulic pressure filter press comprises high installation cost, high operation and maintenance cost and delayed time system, namely there is no continuous logistics, thereby stores a large amount of liquid.Similar with the situation of belt filter press, utilize the hydraulic pressure filter press also can cause compression material to have the pore pressure of increase and the permeability of reduction.
Industrial well-known band filter comprises the permeable belt of continuous rotation, with and the upper material layer to be filtered of placing.Band filter is exposed to vacuum source usually to help removing water from described granular materials.Past has proposed to readjust by machinery the permeability that granular materials changes granular materials, for example uses cam, or by granular materials is moved on to lower band filter section from higher band filter section.This machinery is placed and has been increased the permeability of moist material or half wet stock, but increases at the most an order of magnitude.The inventor believes, can use other method increases permeability.
Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of alternative for moisture-free coal or other slurries, the method has solved the shortcoming of prior art.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of continuous drying slurry, and the method can be used for substituting existing method.
Summary of the invention
According to the present invention, a kind of method of dry granular material is provided, the method comprises the following steps:
Basically the granular materials that differs in size main body is provided, and described main body has exercisable upper area and exercisable lower area;
Make progress bottom the exercisable lower area of main body, described main body is exposed to continuously under the pressure sequence above and below atmospheric pressure of repetition, purpose is to make the perpendicular alignmnet that helps the particle of different size higher than the pressure of atmospheric pressure, and makes the pressure lower than atmospheric pressure help to remove moisture from material.
Preferably, described main body is the form of layer of granular material to be filtered or to be separated, and described main body is positioned on conveyer belt, conveyer belt is that can partly permeate at least and whole surface basically conveyer belt is communicated with constant current with the vacuum source sequence with a plurality of air blasts that replace, so that the material of described conveyer belt transportation is exposed to described air blast and described vacuum source sequence continuously.
The body of material of waiting to be exposed to a plurality of pressure sequences that replace is provided, and in order to make at least part of separation of main body and to have exercisable upward-fining particle size distribution, described pressure sequence continuous action is on main body.
In order to improve the quality of main body, described main body can be material layer to be filtered or to be separated.
This material layer can be on conveyer belt, conveyer belt be at least can partly permeate and conveyer belt be communicated with constant current with the vacuum source sequence with the air blast of a plurality of sequence alternates so that the material of described conveyer belt transportation is exposed to described air blast and described vacuum source sequence.
Air blast and vacuum source directly are arranged to adjacent one another are, in order to guarantee that the specific region of transport layer always is exposed to air blast or vacuum source.
Basically the whole surface of conveyer belt is arranged to be communicated with direct current with air blast and vacuum source, to prevent from forming the blind area.
When the operation of described conveyer belt arbitrary blast orifice place of process, provide higher than atmospheric pressure and less than 20 kPas (gauge pressures), be more preferably less than 15kPa (gauge pressure), most preferably less than the constant pressure of 10kPa (gauge pressure).
When the operation of described conveyer belt in the chamber of process, provide lower than atmospheric pressure and vacuum less than 20kPa (absolute pressure), be more preferably less than 15kPa (absolute pressure), most preferably less than the constant pressure of 10kPa (absolute pressure).
The specific embodiment
With reference to figure 1 explanation method of the present invention, Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram along the size distribution of the material layer that uses the said method drying.
The method that this drying means uses namely is designed to guarantee keep the path between solid particle in whole pneumatic stirring process based on the unique principle different from traditional horizontal belt filter.Use the method and separate solid and the liquid that contains in fine powder, the main points of the method comprise material to be dried 20 continuously and repeat to be exposed in the alternate cycles of downward vacuum and upwards air blast.
When by mobile layer or filter cake (particle), apply the continuous low gas that makes progress and press (being shown in the drawings " air blast "), particle tends to perpendicular alignmnet, and when this places from normal mechanical or the hydrology, the horizontal aligument of experience is different.
Except perpendicular alignmnet, have been found that particle tends to separate to obtain upward-fining medium or filter cake.This means that larger particles is in the bottom of layer, and than the top of granule towards layer.This situation be because naturally distributing again of particle occurs then for the larger particle displacement of less particle farther.Air blast must be enough to the partly described bed of fluidisation, but should enough hang down to avoid particle to be removed from described conveyer belt.In addition, layer has even horizontal size distribution (PSD), and as shown in the figure, wherein initial p SD is inhomogeneous, and separating gradually from starting point along described conveyer belt increases, the further displacement of particle.Have been found that when applying low vacuum to the material that is depositing, can easily overcome the capillary force of vehicle medium or liquid 33 and liquid is separated with solid (30,31 and 32).
In use, granular materials is on endless belt 10, and described endless belt is the form of filter cloth and has predetermined permeability.Filtrate (liquid) 33 is discharged and is reintroduced in the water loop of equipment by filter cloth 10.Solid product (30,31 and 32), namely the composition of feed (for example slurry), discharge as the loose filter cake of drying, prepares to be used for further processing.
Have approximately by providing that the air blast of 10kpa (gauge pressure) discharge pressure is conducive to constant pneumatic stirring.The vacuum plant of 10kPa (absolute pressure) sucking-off pressure is conducive to low pressure and by having approximately.Can adjust the speed of band filter and the delivery rate of material according to the practical operation condition of known environment.
This new method can more effectively be removed liquid and only need much lower input power.If thickener underflow density is lower, the dehydration cyclone can be installed, in order to the relative density of slurry is increased between 1.25 and 1.35 before the material feeding box of the band filter that has incorporated new method.Then, by feed box, the cyclone underflow is placed on filter bag, and the stream that overflows of cyclone is returned to thickener, is used for further sedimentation.Can easily incorporate additional technological requirement into, such as Washing of Filter Cake, heat drying etc., and as the part of the method.By adjustment with speed control the thickness of filter cake, the discharge of filter cake is spontaneous in many application.When processing the filter cake of very thin or viscosity, can use the polymer scraper and remove product in conjunction with new drying means with help.
This new method can be used a plurality of filter clothes 10, the Nomex from the monofilament filter cloth to dimensionally stable.The cleaning filter cloth, can make because filter cloth stops up to reduce, and keep handling capacity continuously.
It should be noted that the pneumatic stirring that air blast and vacuum produce can make at first sedimentation formation precoated shet of thicker particle, thinner particle is positioned at the top, thereby improves filter efficiency.More particularly, be exposed to continuously the alternate sequence of normal pressure and vacuum along with slurry, can obtain upward-fining filter cake, wherein larger particle 30 is deposited in the top of band filter, and less particle 32 moves to the top of filter cake, occurs granularity between the two and progressively reduces.This is an important advantage of this new method, reason is, formed this size distribution (upwards attenuating) helps filter process, wherein the larger particles towards the bottom serves as sponge filter, rather than the retaining layer of the tightly compacted hypotonicity that usually forms in belt filter press is served as sponge filter.
In an example, find that the operating parameter that is fit to is as follows, but should be understood that, most parameters is variable, as long as use basic alternately vacuum and pneumatic stirring operation principle:
The maximum volume of slurry: 80m
3/ hour
The feed proportion (SG) that needs: 1.1-1.3
Filtrate proportion: 1.01-1.02
Size distribution:＜1500 μ m
Vacuum:＜10kPa (absolute pressure)
Air blast pressure:＜10kPa (gauge pressure)
Compared with prior art, the aforesaid operations parameter provides extraordinary result, and when more low-yield input level, produces higher de-water ratio.Find, the selection of air blast normal pressure and vacuum negative pressure is very important.Especially, need the air blast of q.s, to help the rearrangement of particle, still need not remove particle from being with fully.
In order to realize being exposed to continuously under vacuum and pressure, the band filter that uses in the method does not comprise the rotation carrier mat and directly flows with pressure source and vacuum source and is communicated with.This has guaranteed can not form the blind area in material layer on tape, because can not apply by the discrete channel that forms on carrier mat vacuum/pressurized.Find, applied the power that makes progress due to air blast on conveyer belt, carry out smooth operation thereby be enough to promote conveyer belt, therefore no longer need carrier mat.This needs air blast to approach toward each other, and the frequency of alternative pressure/vacuum source is relatively high.Preferably, the distance between the adjacent drum blower fan is more preferably less than the twice of this height less than three times of the granular materials layer height.And the width in air blast zone and the width of vacuum area are similar, therefore produce optimum balanced arrangement.Preferably, these width equate.
Should be understood that, the air blast and the vacuum source that provide with short interval are not only simple design alternative, importantly optimum frequency, provide fluid and the interaction between granular materials (air blast and suction) of the best simultaneously to enough supports (in order not use carrier mat) of band filter with acquisition.If the interval that pressure and vacuum apply is oversize, can negative impact be arranged on the support structure of band filter and on the hydrodynamic interaction with the material at band filter top.From the angle that supports, pressure can not overcome the load of being born by the development length of vacuum lower conveyor belt, except be applied to the downward power on conveyer belt due to the application vacuum, this will cause high friction occurring at described vacuum area, and may need independent carrier mat.Be to introduce air blast with shorter interval to this means to save the situation that proposes, then air blast will apply reaction force upwards to conveyer belt.In addition, from fluid dynamic angle, best water is removed and will be occurred in the early stage of long interval vacuum cycle, and before bed was exposed to air blast again, in the later stage of this long interval vacuum cycle, the removal of water was invalid---this will be again by using shorter vacuum/pressurized interval to solve.
Should be appreciated that to these are only one embodiment of the invention in the situation that do not depart from spirit of the present invention and/or scope, many changes to be arranged.
Claims (9)
1. the method for a dry granular material, the method comprises the following steps:
Basically the granular materials that differs in size main body is provided, and described main body has exercisable upper area and exercisable lower area;
From the bottom of the exercisable lower area of main body upwards, described main body is exposed to continuously under the pressure sequence above and below atmospheric pressure of repetition, purpose is to make the perpendicular alignmnet that helps the particle of different size higher than the pressure of atmospheric pressure, and makes the pressure lower than atmospheric pressure help to remove moisture from material.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein said main body is the form of layer of granular material to be filtered or to be separated, and described main body is positioned on conveyer belt, described conveyer belt be at least can partly permeate and its basically be communicated with constant current with the vacuum source sequence with a plurality of air blasts that replace on whole surface so that the material of described conveyer belt transportation is exposed to described air blast and described vacuum source sequence continuously.
3. method according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of pressure sequences that replace are arranged to act on whole layer, in order to basically do not have undisturbed zone in layer, thereby form any blind area in preventing layer.
4. the described method of according to claim 1 to 3 any one, comprise by described main body being exposed to a plurality of alternative pressure sequences of continuous action on described layer, makes the particle that defines described layer form the step of upward-fining size distribution.
5. method according to claim 4 wherein directly is arranged to adjacent one another are due to air blast and vacuum source and is not exerted pressure therebetween or the zone of vacuum, and whole conveyer belt always is exposed to air blast or vacuum source basically.
6. according to the described method of aforementioned claim any one, wherein when described conveyer belt operation arbitrary blast orifice place of process, described pressure higher than atmospheric pressure is less than 20kPa (gauge pressure).
7. method according to claim 8, wherein said pressure is less than 10kPa (gauge pressure).
8. according to the described method of aforementioned claim any one, wherein said pressure lower than atmospheric pressure is the vacuum less than 20kPa (absolute pressure).
9. method according to claim 10, wherein said pressure is less than 10kPa (absolute pressure).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA201004016 | 2010-06-04 | ||
| ZA2010/04016 | 2010-06-04 | ||
| PCT/IB2011/052459 WO2011151809A1 (en) | 2010-06-04 | 2011-06-06 | Method of drying particulate material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103109146A true CN103109146A (en) | 2013-05-15 |
Family
ID=45066253
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011800338864A Pending CN103109146A (en) | 2010-06-04 | 2011-06-06 | Method of drying particulate material |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103109146A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112012030916A2 (en) |
| CL (1) | CL2012003392A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2011151809A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201209529B (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0517985A1 (en) * | 1991-06-13 | 1992-12-16 | Tsukishima Kikai Co. Ltd. | Vacuum filtration apparatus with horizontal filter-like conveyor |
| CN2202576Y (en) * | 1994-03-28 | 1995-07-05 | 李建勇 | Horizontal belt type pneumatic filtering machine |
| US20050082236A1 (en) * | 2002-06-12 | 2005-04-21 | Derrick Corporation | Vibratory screening machine with suction and method for screening a slurry |
| JP2005199255A (en) * | 2003-05-02 | 2005-07-28 | Masakatsu Ozawa | Dehydration apparatus |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL108754C (en) * | 1955-12-30 | |||
| US7651619B2 (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2010-01-26 | Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (Dtu) | Filtration method and apparatus |
| DK1809401T3 (en) * | 2004-07-01 | 2013-08-19 | Univ Danmarks Tekniske | Apparatus for separating dry matter from a liquid |
-
2011
- 2011-06-06 BR BR112012030916A patent/BR112012030916A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-06-06 WO PCT/IB2011/052459 patent/WO2011151809A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-06-06 CN CN2011800338864A patent/CN103109146A/en active Pending
-
2012
- 2012-12-03 CL CL2012003392A patent/CL2012003392A1/en unknown
- 2012-12-14 ZA ZA2012/09529A patent/ZA201209529B/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0517985A1 (en) * | 1991-06-13 | 1992-12-16 | Tsukishima Kikai Co. Ltd. | Vacuum filtration apparatus with horizontal filter-like conveyor |
| CN2202576Y (en) * | 1994-03-28 | 1995-07-05 | 李建勇 | Horizontal belt type pneumatic filtering machine |
| US20050082236A1 (en) * | 2002-06-12 | 2005-04-21 | Derrick Corporation | Vibratory screening machine with suction and method for screening a slurry |
| JP2005199255A (en) * | 2003-05-02 | 2005-07-28 | Masakatsu Ozawa | Dehydration apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CL2012003392A1 (en) | 2013-07-19 |
| BR112012030916A2 (en) | 2016-11-08 |
| WO2011151809A1 (en) | 2011-12-08 |
| ZA201209529B (en) | 2014-03-26 |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
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| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20130515 |