CN103104417B - Speed-adjustable hub device of large wind turbine generator system - Google Patents
Speed-adjustable hub device of large wind turbine generator system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103104417B CN103104417B CN201310020321.3A CN201310020321A CN103104417B CN 103104417 B CN103104417 B CN 103104417B CN 201310020321 A CN201310020321 A CN 201310020321A CN 103104417 B CN103104417 B CN 103104417B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The invention provides a speed-adjustable hub device of a large wind turbine generator system. An iron core and a magnet exciting coil are additionally mounted on a hub of a wind turbine. A permanent magnet is additionally mounted on a portion where a rotating shaft acts with the hub. The magnet exciting coil is connected with a sliding ring outside the hub through an electric brush led out from a hub shell. According to the speed-adjustable hub device of the large wind turbine generator system, when the wind speed is over high, wind energy is mainly converted into electric energy, and therefore over high heat is prevented from being generated, and not only can the rotating speed of the wind turbine be lowered, but also redundant wind energy is recycled at the same time. Meanwhile, a wind driven generator is enabled to operate and generate electricity in a rated state even when the wind speed is low. The wind driven generator comprising the speed-adjustable hub device can be directly combined into a power grid, and therefore a high-power converter is eliminated. The speed-adjustable hub device is especially suitable for being used in the large wind turbine generator system.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of hub unit, particularly a kind of hub unit of Large-scale Wind Turbines.
Background technique
For present wind power generating set, because wind speed is unstable, wind speed is too low not easily to be utilized, and the too high unit of wind speed itself easily sustains damage.Under many circumstances, no matter how wind speed changes, and wind power generating set all requires that wind turbine rotating speed keeps constant or is no more than a certain limited range, have employed speed governing or speed limiting device for this reason.When wind speed is too high, these devices are also used for power-limiting, and reduce the power that acts on blade.
At present, speed governing or speed limiting device have various type, but roughly have three classes principle: a class makes wind turbine depart from prevailing wind direction, and another kind of is utilize aerodynamical resistance, and the 3rd class is the propeller pitch angle changing blade.Between the wind wheel blade of traditional wind group and wind turbine rotary shaft, speed governing is mainly by mechanical governing, by reducing wind-exposuring area or limiting wind turbine blade speed by resistance, so only play power-limiting effect, waste energy, and increase the weight of arrangements for speed regulation burden, affect its working life and reliability.
Application number is 201020690123.6, provides a kind of electromagnetic brake device for wind power generator in the patent document that name is called " electromagnetic brake device for wind power generator ", comprises control system, electromagnetic block and magnetic brake member.But this technological scheme only considers restriction wind speed too high situation, when wind-driven generator requirement wind speed range is exceeded for wind speed, adopt electromagnetic brake mechanism, realize rotating shaft by the frictional force between the adhesive face of suction type electromagnetic brake mechanism and slow down and stop.Be the heat energy after friction by unnecessary wind energy transformation, energy is wasted greatly, and a large amount of heat produced, mechanical structure and material property all be there are certain requirements and affected, both wasted energy, again reducing reliability and the working life of equipment.
Application number is 201120306693.9, name is called in the patent document of " a kind of electromagnetic brake device for wind power generator " and provides a kind of electromagnetic brake device for wind power generator, by anemoscope to environmental monitoring, provide a set of controller scheme, electromagnetic brake device coil energising when wind speed is excessive, produce the magnetic field with generator unit stator FR, hinder rotor motion, reach brake object.Not only cannot utilize superfluous wind energy, and need to electromagnetic brake device energising in the superfluous situation of wind energy, generation opposing magnetic field reaches brake object.In addition, this braking device is due to electromagnetic coupling effect, and excess energy can only change into heat energy, and winding coil will produce a large amount of heat, and coil is due to the too high easy scaling loss of temperature, and reliability and stability all not easily ensure.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of speed range that can meet required by wind-driven generator, can be again the speed adjustable wheel hub device of the Large-scale Wind Turbines of electric energy by the wind energy transformation of surplus.
Object of the present invention can realize like this:
The first scheme of the present invention installs iron core and field coil additional on the wheel hub of wind turbine, installs permanent magnet additional in rotating shaft and wheel hub agency part, and field coil is drawn brush by wheel hub shell and is connected with the slip ring outside wheel hub.
First scheme of the present invention installs permanent magnet additional on the wheel hub of wind turbine, installs iron core and field coil additional in rotating shaft and wheel hub agency part, draws brush be connected with slip ring from the field coil side of rotating shaft.
The third scheme of the present invention installs iron core and field coil additional on the wheel hub of wind turbine, also installs iron core and field coil additional in rotating shaft and wheel hub agency part, and wheel hub and rotating shaft are drawn brush respectively and be connected respective slip ring.
Slip ring in above-mentioned three kinds of schemes is connected with control system by cable, and control system is connected with electrical network, and Negotiation speed sensor signal determines to pass into Ac or direct current to slip ring, or by slip ring to grid transmission.
The invention provides and kind to make wind turbine maintain wheel hub arrangements for speed regulation in nominal speed range, be electric energy by electromagnetic induction by the wind energy transformation of surplus when wind speed is excessive, effectively suppress wind turbine rotating speed simultaneously.When wind speed exceedes rated wind speed, by controlling this hub unit exciting winding "on" position, making this hub unit work in Generator Status, is that electric energy storage gets up or sends into electrical network through power transformation by unnecessary wind energy transformation; When wind turbine does not reach rated speed, maintain in nominal speed range to make wind turbine, by controlling this hub unit exciting winding "on" position, these arrangements for speed regulation are made to work in electric motor state, by compensating the moment between wheel hub countershaft, thus in the speed range that wind turbine rotary shaft is remained at desired by us, the speed range required by wind-driven generator can be met, can be electric energy by the wind energy transformation of surplus again.
The wheel hub of wind turbine and rotating shaft and wheel hub agency part install additional intentionally with field coil and fill permanent magnet.Like this, namely energy transferring can be carried out by electromagnetic coupling between rotating shaft and wheel hub.Interacted by the electromagnetic field between permanent magnet and exciting winding between wheel hub and rotating shaft, between wheel hub and rotating shaft, effect is similar to the stators and rotators of motor or generator.Field coil no electric circuit when wind speed is too high, device effect is similar to generator, reduces rotating speed and changes unnecessary wind energy into electric energy simultaneously.When wind turbine rotating speed is rated speed, field coil passes into direct current, and wheel hub and rotating shaft are by electromagnetic attraction synchronous axial system.When wind speed is lower, field coil passes into Ac, act on similar motor, because the threephase AC passing into coil can be regulated and controled by control circuit, synthesis torque is controlled, so be operated in rated speed at wind speed lower than wind-driven generator can be made during rated wind speed, wind-driven generator can be made so at a lower wind speed to be operated in rated condition.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the energy produced when traditional electromagnetic brake device brakes can only discharge with form of thermal energy, and the present invention's wind energy when wind speed is too high is converted mainly into electric energy, therefore avoid producing too high heat, so both can reduce wind turbine rotating speed, recycle again unnecessary wind energy simultaneously.Meanwhile, the present invention can make wind-driven generator still can generate electricity at operation at rating when lower wind speed.Adopt the wind-driven generator of hub unit of the present invention to be directly incorporated into electrical network, eliminate powerful current transformer.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is application principle block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 a-Fig. 2 c is speed adjustable wheel hub principle of device analysis chart.Adopt four-pole permanent magnet body for rotating shaft side, Fig. 2 a is that wind turbine rotating speed is higher than rated speed; Fig. 2 b is wind turbine rotating speed is rated speed; Fig. 2 c is that wind turbine rotating speed is lower than rated speed.
Fig. 3 is the overall structure figure of the present invention in wind powered generator system.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing citing, the present invention is described in more detail:
Composition graphs 2a-Fig. 2 c and Fig. 3, the first scheme of the present invention is: fixed by machinery, welding waits rigid connection mode inside wheel hub 1, install unshakable in one's determination and exciting winding 2 additional, two bearings 7 are equipped with in the rotating shaft 5 that wheel hub 1 both sides are corresponding, install silicon steel plate and permanent magnet 3 additional in rotating shaft 5 part of wheel hub 1 correspondence, permanent magnet 3 can adopt plug-in type.Rotating shaft 5 is the rotating shaft of generator, for the rotation speed requirements of indivedual generator, also can increase a simple step-up gear between generator and rotating shaft.Exciting winding 2 is drawn brush 6 by wheel hub 1 shell and is connected with the slip ring 8 outside wheel hub 1, and cabin 9 comprises part between wheel hub 1 and slip ring 8, leaves certain air gap between cabin 9 and wheel hub 1, and air gap is as far as possible little, prevents dust foreign material from entering.Slip ring 8 is connected with control system 11 by cable, and control system 11 is connected with electrical network, and Negotiation speed sensor signal determines to pass into Ac, direct current to slip ring 8, or by slip ring 8 to grid transmission.
In fig. 2 a, T is rotating shaft total torque, and T1 is that wind acts on wheel hub torque, and T3 is the torque by permanent magnet and wheel hub acting between exciting winding in rotating shaft, rotating shaft total torque T=T1-T3.In figure 2b, T is rotating shaft total torque, and T1 wind acts on wheel hub torque, and f is electromagnetism the suction-combining force between permanent magnet and wheel hub exciting winding in rotating shaft, rotating shaft total torque T=T1.In figure 2 c, T is rotating shaft total torque, and T1 wind acts on wheel hub torque, and T2 is torque permanent magnet and wheel hub acted between exciting winding in rotating shaft, rotating shaft total torque T=T1+T2.
Specific works process and principle: when wind speed is higher than rated wind speed, field coil no electric circuit, now because wind turbine rotating speed is higher than generator synchronous speed, hub unit runs on Generator Status, the magnetic line of force that cutting permanent magnet produces by exciting winding, and produce induction current, drawn by electric brush slip ring, send in electrical network or energy storage device after controlling change-over circuit.Namely wind energy unnecessary is like this converted into electric energy, and rotating shaft rotating speed is maintained in nominal speed range.Its action principle is: as shown in Figure 2 a, rotating shaft 5 and wheel hub 1 have relative movement, so the magnetic line of force that exciting winding 2 cuts permanent magnet 4 produces induction current, produce the moment of an obstruction wheel hub 1 and rotating shaft 5 relative movement, the moment that moment direction and wind act on wind turbine sense of rotation is contrary simultaneously.Now exciting winding 2 will produce induction field, and be acted on permanent magnet 4 by magnetic force.Resultant couple in rotating shaft 5 is that wind acts on moment that wheel hub 1 produces and deducts the difference of opposing torque that exciting winding 2 electromagnetic induction produces, thus restriction rotating speed raises further, and forces wheel hub 1 speed to reduce, and drops to the rated speed of wind-driven generator always.
When wind turbine rotating speed is lower than rated speed, hub unit runs on electric motor state, and field coil passes into threephase AC, and the rotating magnetic field of generation acts on permanent magnet, and wind turbine rotating speed is improved, and wind-driven generator rotating speed is maintained in nominal speed range.Its action principle such as Fig. 2 c shows, can control because field coil 2 passes into electric current, namely the electromagnetic torque of hub unit can control, make to be subject to a controlled torque with the rotating shaft 5 of permanent magnet 4 one, now wheel hub 1 is also subject to the rotating torques that a wind-force acts on blade and wheel hub generation, the torque that rotating shaft 5 is subject to be wind-force act on the machine torque that wheel hub 1 rotates add exciting winding 2 be energized after the electromagnetic torque sum that produces of rotating magnetic field, thus make speed be promoted to rated speed.
When wind turbine rotating speed is rated speed, control circuit provides direct current to hub side excitation device, the suction produced by magnetic field between rotating shaft with wheel hub is coupled, and the mechanical force that wind turbine rotates is delivered to rotating shaft and drives axis of rotation, thus rotating shaft is rotated with rated speed.Action principle such as Fig. 2 b shows, when wind turbine rotating speed is rated speed, exciting winding 2 passes into direct current, this is equivalent between exciting winding and permanent magnet 4 only perpendicular to the power of rotating shaft 5 tangent direction, torque without spin, the rotating torques that now wind acts on wheel hub 1 is delivered to rotating shaft 5 by electromagnetic coupling, and the torque produced with surface friction drag is substantially suitable, and therefore wind turbine rotary shaft 5 maintains in nominal speed range substantially.
First scheme of the present invention and the first scheme are distinguished and are that silicon steel plate and permanent magnet are installed on wheel hub 1, and iron core and exciting winding are loaded in rotating shaft 5, and draw brush from the exciting winding side of rotating shaft 5 to be connected with slip ring, slip ring is connected with control system 11 by cable.This structural brush and slip ring are arranged in rotating shaft, and other structures, working principle, control system are all identical with the first scheme.
The difference of the third scheme of the present invention and above-mentioned two schemes is: wheel hub 1 and rotating shaft 5 all adopt and install iron core and exciting winding additional, wheel hub 1 and rotating shaft 5 are drawn two respectively and are overlapped brush and be connected two and overlap slip ring and power, and control system 11 needs the exciting winding on countershaft and wheel hub respectively to carry out power supply control.Mode of execution three is when spindle speed is higher than rated speed, and the electric energy that the excitation device in wheel hub and rotating shaft produces sends into electrical network via brush and slip ring; When lower than rated speed, the excitation device in rotating shaft needs to obtain electric energy, to ensure that the exciting winding on wheel hub sends the electric energy of rated frequency from electrical network; Wind turbine rotating speed equals rated speed, and two cover exciting winding all should be connected with direct current.These structural two cover brushes and slip ring are arranged on rotating shaft and wheel hub respectively, and other structures, working principle are identical with first and second kind of scheme.
As shown in Figure 1, design of the present invention and implementing though: unshakable in one's determination, exciting winding and wheel hub adopt one piece rigid to be connected, can consider the modes such as mechanical fixing, nested or welding, the rotating shaft of answering with hub relative is equipped with silicon steel plate, silicon steel plate embeds permanent magnet.Speed adjustable wheel hub device of the present invention directly coaxially can be connected with generator, speed adjustable wheel hub device by regulate field current can change rotating shaft side synthesis moment, speed adjustable range more greatly and easily realize control, therefore low speed wind power generator can save gear-box.For the wind-driven generator that rated speed is higher, only a small-sized step-up gear need be increased between arrangements for speed regulation and generator.Electric energy that wind-driven generator produces so just can be made directly to be delivered to electrical network.
Claims (3)
1. the speed adjustable wheel hub device of a Large-scale Wind Turbines, it is characterized in that: on the wheel hub of wind turbine, install iron core and field coil additional, install permanent magnet additional in rotating shaft and wheel hub agency part, field coil is drawn brush by wheel hub shell and is connected with the slip ring outside wheel hub;
Slip ring is connected with control system by cable, and control system is connected with electrical network, and Negotiation speed sensor signal determines to pass into Ac or direct current to slip ring, or by slip ring to grid transmission;
When wind speed exceedes rated wind speed, by controlling field coil "on" position, described speed adjustable wheel hub device is made to work in Generator Status; When wind turbine does not reach rated speed, by controlling field coil "on" position, described speed adjustable wheel hub device is made to work in electric motor state, by compensating the moment between wheel hub countershaft.
2. a speed adjustable wheel hub device for Large-scale Wind Turbines, is characterized in that: on the wheel hub of wind turbine, install permanent magnet additional, installs iron core and field coil additional in rotating shaft and wheel hub agency part, draws brush be connected with slip ring from the field coil side of rotating shaft;
Slip ring is connected with control system by cable, and control system is connected with electrical network, and Negotiation speed sensor signal determines to pass into Ac or direct current to slip ring, or by slip ring to grid transmission;
When wind speed exceedes rated wind speed, by controlling field coil "on" position, described speed adjustable wheel hub device is made to work in Generator Status; When wind turbine does not reach rated speed, by controlling field coil "on" position, described speed adjustable wheel hub device is made to work in electric motor state, by compensating the moment between wheel hub countershaft.
3. the speed adjustable wheel hub device of a Large-scale Wind Turbines, it is characterized in that: on the wheel hub of wind turbine, install iron core and field coil additional, also install iron core and field coil additional in rotating shaft and wheel hub agency part, wheel hub and rotating shaft are drawn brush respectively and are connected respective slip ring;
Slip ring is connected with control system by cable, and control system is connected with electrical network, and Negotiation speed sensor signal determines to pass into Ac or direct current to slip ring, or by slip ring to grid transmission;
When wind speed exceedes rated wind speed, by controlling field coil "on" position, described speed adjustable wheel hub device is made to work in Generator Status; When wind turbine does not reach rated speed, by controlling field coil "on" position, described speed adjustable wheel hub device is made to work in electric motor state, by compensating the moment between wheel hub countershaft.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310020321.3A CN103104417B (en) | 2013-01-19 | 2013-01-19 | Speed-adjustable hub device of large wind turbine generator system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310020321.3A CN103104417B (en) | 2013-01-19 | 2013-01-19 | Speed-adjustable hub device of large wind turbine generator system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103104417A CN103104417A (en) | 2013-05-15 |
| CN103104417B true CN103104417B (en) | 2015-05-20 |
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| CN201310020321.3A Expired - Fee Related CN103104417B (en) | 2013-01-19 | 2013-01-19 | Speed-adjustable hub device of large wind turbine generator system |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2020084820A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2020-06-04 | 株式会社Ｋｓｆ | Rotatable table and wind turbine generation system |
| CN110848086A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-02-28 | 榆林学院 | Permanent magnet constant frequency wind driven generator rotor |
| CN112392662B (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2022-09-02 | 苏尼特左旗风鼎发电有限公司 | Speed limiting device suitable for electromagnetic induction wind power generation |
Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2449436A (en) * | 2007-05-21 | 2008-11-26 | Tidal Generation Ltd | Fluid driven generator |
| CN101598113A (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2009-12-09 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A kind of wind generating unit |
| JP2011019374A (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-27 | Toyo Electric Mfg Co Ltd | Over-rotation preventing device for wind power generator |
| CN102155356A (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2011-08-17 | 国电联合动力技术有限公司 | Method for controlling running of wind generating set based on speed-regulating front end of electromagnetic coupler |
| EP2362527A1 (en) * | 2010-02-25 | 2011-08-31 | Goliath Wind Ltd. | Wind turbine electrical brake |
-
2013
- 2013-01-19 CN CN201310020321.3A patent/CN103104417B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2449436A (en) * | 2007-05-21 | 2008-11-26 | Tidal Generation Ltd | Fluid driven generator |
| CN101598113A (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2009-12-09 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A kind of wind generating unit |
| JP2011019374A (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-27 | Toyo Electric Mfg Co Ltd | Over-rotation preventing device for wind power generator |
| EP2362527A1 (en) * | 2010-02-25 | 2011-08-31 | Goliath Wind Ltd. | Wind turbine electrical brake |
| CN102155356A (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2011-08-17 | 国电联合动力技术有限公司 | Method for controlling running of wind generating set based on speed-regulating front end of electromagnetic coupler |
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Effective date of registration: 20201126 Address after: Area A129, 4th floor, building 4, Baitai Industrial Park, Yazhou Bay science and Technology City, Yazhou District, Sanya City, Hainan Province, 572024 Patentee after: Nanhai innovation and development base of Sanya Harbin Engineering University Address before: 150001 Heilongjiang, Nangang District, Nantong street,, Harbin Engineering University, Department of Intellectual Property Office Patentee before: HARBIN ENGINEERING University |
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