CN103094963B - Twice battery pack balanced method based on battery power capacity and balanced circuit thereof - Google Patents

Twice battery pack balanced method based on battery power capacity and balanced circuit thereof Download PDF

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CN103094963B
CN103094963B CN201310020315.8A CN201310020315A CN103094963B CN 103094963 B CN103094963 B CN 103094963B CN 201310020315 A CN201310020315 A CN 201310020315A CN 103094963 B CN103094963 B CN 103094963B
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power
cell
battery pack
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CN103094963A (en
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李相哲
苏芳
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Fujian Liangdao New Energy Development Co.,Ltd.
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Abstract

The invention discloses a twice battery pack balanced method based on battery power capacity and a balanced circuit thereof. In the battery pack application process, instant charging power capacity of a single battery or discharging power capacity and average charging power capacity of the battery pack or the discharging power capacity are figured out according to a running voltage of the battery pack and each sing battery, and the two values are compared. The power capacity of the single battery and the average power capacity difference of the battery pack are served as a base of judging and balancing. When the power capacity difference obtains a set value, the battery is balanced. When a stop balanced condition is obtained, the battery is stopped being balanced. The twice battery pack balanced method based on the battery power capacity and the balanced circuit thereof is capable of ensuring the power balance of each single battery in the twice battery pack in the application process, and then capable of improving the performance and service life of the twice battery pack and large in adaptable range.

Description

Based on secondary battery equalization methods and the equalizing circuit thereof of power of battery ability
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of equalization methods of batteries, be specifically related to a kind of secondary battery equalization methods based on power of battery ability and equalizing circuit thereof.
Background technology
Along with the development of electronic technology and equipment, battery applications is more and more extensive, especially in electric automobile, power energy storage, stand-by power supply etc., requires high voltage, high power capacity, needs multiple battery combination to apply together.Inconsistent phenomenon is unavoidably there will be between these assembled batteries.Because the performance of battery pack determined by most difference battery, can affect performance and the life-span of battery pack, so it may be necessary certain method to improve battery with two side terminals, equilibrium is a comparatively effective method.
Equalization methods conventional is at present electric voltage equalization, because voltage is the battery parameter the most easily detected.Its basic skills is the difference according to monomer battery voltage in battery pack running, and the cell high to voltage carries out shunting process and the cell low to voltage carries out supplementing electricity etc.But what battery pack needed to carry out is the equilibrium of battery performance, and battery performance mainly refers to power-performance and the capacity of battery.The height of cell voltage can not reflect the height of battery performance.As in same battery pack, the actual capacity of each cell has difference, after one section uses, capacity difference strengthens, and carry out charge balancing, first the battery that capacity is low reaches charge cutoff point, carry out shunting process, the battery that capacity is high continues charging, and each cell is just full of electricity by its final result completely, and the overall performance of battery pack is not improved; In addition in some applications, as the battery system of hybrid electric vehicle, battery is applied usually in the carrying capacity interval of 30-80%, in this interval, the voltage difference of battery is not natively little (as conventional Ni-MH battery, ferric phosphate lithium ion battery, its voltage difference is less than 10mV), consider the Acquisition Error of data, the deviation etc. of battery self, be easy to carry out judging by accident or can not equilibrium being carried out.
Balanced object is reach the consistent of battery performance instead of cell voltage consistent.The applying date is on 05 06th, 2010, application number be 201010167717.7 application discloses a kind of battery pack balancing device of utilizing based on battery capacity and control method, this patent adopts battery capacity utilization rate as the quantitatively evaluating standard judging consistency of battery pack, by monitoring battery capacity utilization rate, the uniformity of Real-Time Monitoring battery pack, carry out battery balanced to battery pack, thus improve battery capacity utilization rate, extending battery life.But the capacity utilization of battery pack can not represent the performance of battery completely, calculate accuracy also not high, affect portfolio effect.The patent application document that the applying date is on November 18th, 2009, application number is 200920262960 discloses a kind of Rechargeable battery equalization management system, the magnitude of voltage often saving cell that voltage acquisition module is exported by overvoltage computing module by this patent is respectively compared with the overvoltage threshold preset, when the magnitude of voltage of certain joint cell exceedes default overvoltage threshold, then export the drive singal that corresponds to this joint cell; Balanced discharge module, be made up of several control units, be connected with the both positive and negative polarity of each joint cell in battery pack respectively, when receiving the drive singal that overvoltage computing module exports, this drive singal drives corresponding control unit to control the cell electric discharge of its correspondence until the magnitude of voltage of this joint cell equals default overvoltage threshold.The method is only simple electric voltage equalization, and is only applicable to the charge balancing of battery, effectively balanced to the charging voltage of lithium ion battery, but just mends applicable to some battery performance and the comparative insensitive battery of voltage characteristic such as Ni-MH battery the method.
The power-performance of battery best embodies its overall performance, it comprises the features such as the capacity of battery, internal resistance, high-power charging and discharging capabilities, the power capability of battery more can embody the Practical Performance of battery in actual applications, as obtained cell in same batteries, even if two battery capacities are consistent, but power-performance has bigger difference, the application of batteries will be affected.So, in actual applications equilibrium is carried out to the power capability of battery more meaningful.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of secondary battery equalization methods based on power of battery ability and equalizing circuit thereof, the present invention is simply effective, realize the balancing performance of each cell in battery pack, performance and the life-span of battery pack can be improved by a relatively large margin, be specially adapted to the application of all kinds of power battery of electric motor car.
In order to solve these problems of the prior art, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
Based on a secondary battery equalization methods for power of battery ability, it is characterized in that, carry out balanced according to the difference between the power capability of cell in application process and the mean power ability of battery pack, it is as follows specifically to carry out balanced method:
Threshold value Δ P between the power capability of setting cell and the mean power ability of battery pack dmax;
Instantaneous charge power ability or the discharge power ability P of i-th cell is calculated according to i-th monomer battery voltage gathered and running current i;
By the instantaneous charge power ability of i-th cell or discharge power ability P iwith the average instantaneous charge power ability of the cell of same time or discharge power ability compare;
P is drawn if compared iwith between difference DELTA P iexceed the threshold value Δ P of setting dmax, then by equalizing circuit, equilibrium is carried out to this i-th battery, while equilibrium, power equalization detection is carried out to this i-th cell, until when reaching the balanced end condition determined, stop balanced.
For technique scheme, applicant also has further prioritization scheme.
As optimization, according to the cell t detected 1the electric current I in moment 1, voltage V i1and t 2the electric current I in moment 2, voltage V i2, calculate the DC internal resistance R of cell i, R i=︱ (V i2-V i1)/(I 2-I 1) ︱, the instantaneous power ability Pi=V of battery pack i2 2/ Ri, i are i-th battery in battery pack, t 2> t 1; According to I 2numerical symbol determine calculate power capability be charge power ability or discharge power ability, as I 2for negative value represents electric discharge, on the occasion of expression charging.
Further, the average instantaneous charge power ability of cell or discharge power ability n is the number of batteries of connecting in battery pack.
Further, instantaneous charge power ability or the discharge power ability P of battery pack is calculated according to the working voltage of battery pack and galvanometer always, the average instantaneous charge power ability of cell or discharge power ability , n is the number of batteries of connecting in battery pack.
Further, according to the battery pack t detected 1the electric current I in moment 1, voltage U 1and t 2the electric current I in moment 2, voltage U 2, calculate the DC internal resistance R of battery pack always, R always=︱ (U 2-U 1)/(I 2-I 1) ︱, the instantaneous power ability P of battery pack always=U 2 2/ R always+ I 2 2r ohm, wherein R ohmfor the chain connecting resistance of circuit in battery pack, t 2> t 1; The average instantaneous charge power ability of cell or discharge power ability , n is the number of batteries of connecting in battery pack; According to I 2numerical symbol determine calculate power capability be charge power ability or discharge power ability, as I 2for negative value represents electric discharge, on the occasion of expression charging.
As optimization, , Δ P irepresent the difference of i-th instantaneous charge power ability of cell or discharge power ability and cell average charge power capability or discharge power ability.
Further, threshold value Δ P is exceeded to cell charge power ability or discharge power ability difference dmaxand charge power ability difference exceedes threshold value Δ P dmaxbattery carry out equilibrium, can in the following ways:
The battery high to charge power ability carries out equilibrium by charging, and the battery low to charge power ability carries out equilibrium by electric discharge;
To discharge power ability higher than battery carry out equilibrium by electric discharge, the battery low to discharge power ability carries out equilibrium by charging.
Further, described balancing procedure is balanced by pulsed, at time for balance Δ t 1after, stop balanced, dwell time Δ t 2, judge between withholding period, until within power capability difference reaches regulation disparity range.
Further, described balancing procedure is continuously balanced, the time for balance Δ t required for calculating according to the power capability difference between the power capability of the cell calculated and the mean power ability of battery pack and equalization methods or euqalizing current 3, reach Δ t at time for balance 3after namely stop equilibrium.
Present invention also offers a kind of secondary battery equalizing circuit adopting above-mentioned equalization methods, it is characterized in that, described equalizing circuit comprises batteries and cell batteries voltage detection module, storage module, computing module, multilevel iudge module, balance module and current sensor, voltage detection module is used for detecting the voltage of batteries and each cell; Current sensor detects the electric current of battery; Storage module is used for storing the coherent detection parameter of not cell in the same time and battery pack as time, electric current, voltage etc.; Computing module is used for calculating the DC internal resistance, power capability, mean power ability etc. of each cell batteries and batteries; Multilevel iudge module is used for comparing the threshold value of the mean power ability difference calculated and setting, judges whether that needs carry out equilibrium or balanced end; Balance module is used for carrying out equilibrium to inconsistent cell each in secondary battery.
Relative to scheme of the prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
Secondary battery equalization methods based on power of battery ability described in the invention and equalizing circuit thereof are in battery pack application process, the instantaneous charge power ability of cell or the average charge power capability of discharge power ability and battery pack or discharge power ability is calculated according to the working voltage of battery pack and each cell and galvanometer, and to more above-mentioned two values, using the mean power ability difference of the power capability of cell and battery pack as judging balanced basis, when power capability difference reaches setting value, equilibrium is carried out to battery; When reaching termination equilibrium condition, stop balanced.The present invention ensures the power equalization of each cell in application process in secondary battery, and then improves performance and the life-span of secondary battery by a relatively large margin, can accommodation large.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:
Fig. 1 is the current time change schematic diagram of batteries in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the charge power ability of battery in the embodiment of the present invention and the relation schematic diagram between discharge power ability and carrying capacity;
Fig. 3 implements battery balanced balanced flow chart in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of secondary battery equalizing circuit in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, such scheme is described further.Should be understood that these embodiments are not limited to for illustration of the present invention limit the scope of the invention.The implementation condition adopted in embodiment can do further adjustment according to the condition of concrete producer, and not marked implementation condition is generally the condition in normal experiment.
Embodiment 1:
Present embodiment describes a kind of secondary battery equalization methods based on power of battery ability, as shown in Figure 3, Fig. 3 is that the present embodiment implements battery balanced flow chart, according to the t of battery pack 1the electric current I in moment 1, voltage U 1and t 2the electric current I in moment 2, voltage U 2calculate battery pack t 2the instantaneous charge power ability in moment or discharge power ability P always, according to t 1moment and t 2i-th monomer battery voltage that moment gathers and running current calculate the t of i-th cell 2the instantaneous charge power ability in moment or discharge power ability P i, as the instantaneous charge power ability of cell or the average instantaneous charge power ability of the cell of discharge power ability and same time or discharge power ability difference Δ P i1exceed Δ P dmaxtime, the equalization methods of equalizing circuit setting carries out equilibrium to this battery; When reaching the balanced end condition determined, stop balanced.
Fig. 1 is electric current, time variations schematic diagram in batteries running.
According to the batteries t detected 1the electric current I in moment 1, voltage U 1and t 2the electric current I in moment 2, voltage U 2, the DC internal resistance R of batteries can be calculated always,
R always=︱ (U 2-U 1)/(I 2-I 1) ︱,
The instantaneous power ability that each battery of batteries is total:
P always=U 2 2/ R always+ I 2 2r ohm, wherein R ohmfor the contact resistance of circuit in battery pack, this resistance is fixed when battery pack assembling or design, and can directly test out, be constant, t 2> t 1.
According to I 2numerical symbol determine calculate power capability be charge power ability or discharge power ability, as I 2for negative value represents electric discharge, on the occasion of expression charging.
Equally, the instantaneous charge power ability of described cell or discharge power ability P i, its computational methods are:
According to the cell t detected 1the electric current I in moment 1, voltage V i1and t 2the electric current I in moment 2, voltage V i2, calculate the DC internal resistance R of cell i,
R i=︱(V i2-V i1)/(I 2-I 1)︱,
The instantaneous power ability of battery pack:
P i=V i2 2/ R i, i is i-th battery in battery pack, t 2> t 1.
Same according to I 2numerical symbol determine calculate power capability be charge power ability or discharge power ability, as I 2for negative value represents electric discharge, on the occasion of expression charging.
According to the power capability of the cell calculated above or the power capability of batteries, can calculate average charge power capability or the discharge power ability of cell, its computational methods are:
(1) n is the number of batteries of connecting in battery pack, for average charge power capability or average discharge power ability.
(2) or n is the number of batteries of connecting in battery pack, for average charge power capability or average discharge power ability.
Above-mentioned two kinds of method choice a kind of wherein method.
The then power capability of cell i and the mean power ability difference Δ P of battery icomputational methods are:
Δ P i = P ‾ - P i ;
Δ P irepresent the difference of i-th instantaneous charge power ability of cell or discharge power ability and average charge or discharge power ability.
By the Δ P calculated iwith the discharge power ability differential threshold Δ P of setting dmaxand charge power ability differential threshold Δ P dmaxcomparing, when exceeding threshold requirement, equilibrium being carried out to this battery.
Fig. 2 is the relation between the charge/discharge power capability of battery and carrying capacity.As shown in Figure 2, the charge power ability of battery and there is certain relation between discharge power ability and carrying capacity, when carrying capacity is low, charge power ability is strong and discharge power ability is weak, then contrary during carrying capacity height, so select different equalization methods according to above-mentioned calculating for charge power ability or discharge power ability.
To discharge power ability higher than battery carry out equilibrium by electric discharge, the battery low to discharge power ability carries out equilibrium by charging.The battery high to charge power ability carries out equilibrium by charging, and the battery low to charge power ability carries out equilibrium by electric discharge.
When reaching the equilibrium condition of setting, stop balanced, described balanced end condition, includes but not limited to under type:
(1) balanced by pulsed, namely carry out equilibrium according to certain dutycycle, time for balance Δ t 1after, stop balanced, dwell time Δ t 2, judge between withholding period, until power capability difference reaches regulation disparity range;
(2) according to the power difference Δ P calculated i, compare with the threshold value of setting, the time for balance Δ t required for calculating according to equalization methods or euqalizing current 3, reach Δ t 3rear termination is balanced.
Embodiment 2:
Content of the present invention two for providing a kind of management system of batteries; this management system comprises batteries and cell batteries voltage detection module, storage module, computing module, multilevel iudge module, balance module, protection module and current sensor etc.Voltage detection module is used for detecting the voltage of batteries and each cell; Current sensor detects the electric current of battery; Storage module is used for storing the coherent detection parameter of not cell in the same time and battery pack as time, electric current, voltage etc.; Computing module is used for calculating the DC internal resistance, power capability, mean power ability etc. of each cell batteries and batteries; Multilevel iudge module is used for comparing the threshold value of the mean power ability difference calculated and setting, judges whether that needs carry out equilibrium or balanced end; Balance module is used for carrying out equilibrium to each inconsistent cell; The tolerance range that protection module mainly prevents cell or battery voltage, electric current exceeds battery or battery pack, realizes the safeguard protection to battery and battery pack.
The present invention is simply effective, can improve performance and the life-span of battery pack by a relatively large margin, be specially adapted to the application of all kinds of power battery of electric motor car.
Above-mentioned example, only for technical conceive of the present invention and feature are described, its object is to person skilled in the art can be understood content of the present invention and implement according to this, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.All equivalent transformations of doing according to Spirit Essence of the present invention or modification, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. based on a secondary battery equalization methods for power of battery ability, it is characterized in that, carry out balanced according to the difference between the power capability of cell in application process and the mean power ability of battery pack, it is as follows specifically to carry out balanced method:
Threshold value Δ P between the power capability of setting cell and the mean power ability of battery pack dmax;
Instantaneous charge power ability or the discharge power ability P of i-th cell is calculated according to i-th monomer battery voltage gathered and running current i;
By the instantaneous charge power ability of i-th cell or discharge power ability P iwith the average instantaneous charge power ability of the cell of same time or discharge power ability compare;
P is drawn if compared iwith between difference DELTA P iexceed the threshold value Δ P of setting dmax, then by equalizing circuit, equilibrium is carried out to this i-th battery, while equilibrium, power equalization detection is carried out to this i-th cell, until when reaching the balanced end condition determined, stop balanced.
2. the secondary battery equalization methods based on power of battery ability according to claim 1, is characterized in that, according to the cell i detected at t 1the electric current I in moment 1, voltage V i1and t 2the electric current I in moment 2, voltage V i2, calculate the DC internal resistance R of cell i i, R i=| (V i2-V i1)/(I 2-I 1) |, the instantaneous power ability P of cell i i=V i2 2/ R i, i is i-th battery in battery pack, t 2>t 1; According to I 2numerical symbol determine calculate power capability be charge power ability or discharge power ability, I 2for negative value represents electric discharge, on the occasion of expression charging.
3. the secondary battery equalization methods based on power of battery ability according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the average instantaneous charge power ability of cell or discharge power ability n is the number of batteries of connecting in battery pack.
4. the secondary battery equalization methods based on power of battery ability according to claim 1, is characterized in that, calculates instantaneous charge power ability or the discharge power ability P of battery pack according to the working voltage of battery pack and galvanometer always, the average instantaneous charge power ability of cell or discharge power ability n is the number of batteries of connecting in battery pack.
5. the secondary battery equalization methods based on power of battery ability according to claim 4, is characterized in that, according to the battery pack t detected 1the electric current I in moment 1, voltage U 1and t 2the electric current I in moment 2, voltage U 2, calculate the DC internal resistance R of battery pack always, R always=︱ (U 2-U 1)/(I 2-I 1) ︱, the instantaneous power ability P of battery pack always=U 2 2/ R always+ I 2 2r ohm, wherein R ohmfor the chain connecting resistance of circuit in battery pack, t 2> t 1; The average instantaneous charge power ability of cell or discharge power ability n is the number of batteries of connecting in battery pack; According to I 2numerical symbol determine calculate power capability be charge power ability or discharge power ability, I 2for negative value represents electric discharge, on the occasion of expression charging.
6. the secondary battery equalization methods based on power of battery ability according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, is characterized in that, Δ P irepresent the difference of i-th instantaneous charge power ability of cell or discharge power ability and cell average charge power capability or discharge power ability.
7. the secondary battery equalization methods based on power of battery ability according to claim 6, is characterized in that, to described Δ P iexceed threshold value Δ P dmaxcell carry out equilibrium, in the following ways:
The battery high to charge power ability carries out equilibrium by charging, and the battery low to charge power ability carries out equilibrium by electric discharge;
The battery high to discharge power ability carries out equilibrium by electric discharge, and the battery low to discharge power ability carries out equilibrium by charging.
8. the secondary battery equalization methods based on power of battery ability according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described balancing procedure is balanced by pulsed, at time for balance Δ t 1after, stop balanced, dwell time Δ t 2, judge between withholding period, until within power capability difference reaches regulation disparity range.
9. the secondary battery equalization methods based on power of battery ability according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described balancing procedure is continuously balanced, the time for balance Δ t required for calculating according to the power capability difference between the power capability of the cell calculated and the mean power ability of battery pack and equalization methods or euqalizing current 3, reach Δ t at time for balance 3after namely stop equilibrium.
10. the secondary battery equalizing circuit of an equalization methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described equalizing circuit comprises batteries and cell batteries voltage detection module, storage module, computing module, multilevel iudge module, balance module and current sensor; Voltage detection module is for detecting the voltage of batteries and each cell; Current sensor detects the electric current of batteries; Storage module is used for storing not the parameter of cell and battery pack in the same time: time, electric current, voltage; Computing module calculates DC internal resistance, power capability, the mean power ability of each cell batteries and batteries; Multilevel iudge module is used for comparing the threshold value of the mean power ability difference calculated and setting, judges whether that needs carry out equilibrium or terminate balanced; Balance module carries out equilibrium to inconsistent cell each in secondary battery.
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CN104578286B (en) * 2014-12-30 2017-12-22 深圳市科陆电子科技股份有限公司 The active equalization method of lithium battery group
CN106571649B (en) * 2015-10-09 2019-06-28 华为技术有限公司 A kind of euqalizing current adjusting method and relevant apparatus
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Denomination of invention: Equalization method and circuit of secondary battery pack based on battery power capability

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Pledgee: Bank of China Limited Xiamen Haicang sub branch

Pledgor: POWEROAD (XIAMEN) RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.

Registration number: Y2021980002126

CP03 Change of name, title or address
CP03 Change of name, title or address

Address after: No. 9 Shengli Road, Bajia Village, Gutian Town, Shanghang County, Longyan City, Fujian Province, 364200

Patentee after: Fujian Liangdao New Energy Development Co.,Ltd.

Country or region after: China

Address before: 702, Haiyun Building, No. 16 Haishan Road, Huli District, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, 361000

Patentee before: POWEROAD (XIAMEN) RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD.

Country or region before: China