CN103094706B - Based on the antenna of Meta Materials - Google Patents
Based on the antenna of Meta Materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN103094706B CN103094706B CN201110338058.3A CN201110338058A CN103094706B CN 103094706 B CN103094706 B CN 103094706B CN 201110338058 A CN201110338058 A CN 201110338058A CN 103094706 B CN103094706 B CN 103094706B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of antenna based on Meta Materials, the Anneta module comprising reception and/or emitting electromagnetic wave and the Meta Materials module be arranged on Electromagnetic Wave Propagation direction, described Anneta module comprises reflector and is arranged at the oscillator in described reflector, described Meta Materials module comprises a metamaterial sheet, the position of described metamaterial sheet each oscillator corresponding forms a refraction index profile district, with any in each refraction index profile district for limit O, be parallel to arbitrary of described refraction index profile district with the described limit O ray Oy that is end points for pole axis sets up polar coordinate system, with the limit O of described polar coordinate system for the center of circle, be that radius forms all identical refractive index circle of the refractive index of an each point in described refraction index profile district with y, and with different y for radius is formed multiple concentric refractive index circle, its wave beam is converged through described Meta Materials module to allow electromagnetic wave, improve directivity and the gain of antenna.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of antenna, particularly a kind of antenna based on Meta Materials.
Background technology
Along with the arrival in mobile interchange epoch, people carry out obtaining information by personal terminal device more and more, and therefore, the transmitting-receiving of wireless signal is most important, and then the performance of the antenna be arranged on personal terminal device is had higher requirement, the directivity, gain etc. of such as antenna.Generally, the parameter for weighing antenna performance comprises maximum dB value and the half-power angle in far field.The maximum dB value in the far field of antenna is larger, half-power angle is less, and the propagation distance of wireless signal is far away.
Meta Materials is a kind of artificial composite material with extraordinary physical property not available for natural material, and it can converge aerial radiation electromagnetic wave beam out, reduces the half-power angle of antenna, improves the directivity of antenna, allows the farther of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation.Visible, the electromagnetic property of the uniqueness of Meta Materials is that the design of high performance antenna brings dawn, thus causes the great interest of industrial circle.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, provides a kind of antenna designed by Meta Materials.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of antenna based on Meta Materials, the Anneta module comprising reception and/or emitting electromagnetic wave and the Meta Materials module be arranged on Electromagnetic Wave Propagation direction, described Anneta module comprises reflector and is arranged at the oscillator in described reflector, described Meta Materials module comprises at least one metamaterial sheet, the position of each metamaterial sheet each oscillator corresponding forms a refraction index profile district, with any in each refraction index profile district for limit O, be parallel to arbitrary of described refraction index profile district with the described limit O ray Oy that is end points for pole axis sets up polar coordinate system, then any point (y on described pole axis Oy, 0) refractive index n (y) is:
In formula, y
temp=mod (y+bb/2, bb)-bb/2, mod are MOD function, and bb is the line length of described reflector each oscillator position corresponding; Ss is the distance of described oscillator to described refraction index profile district; D is the thickness in described refraction index profile district, and
n
maxand n
minbe respectively largest refractive index and the minimum refractive index in described refraction index profile district; Be the center of circle with the limit O of described polar coordinate system, be that radius forms all identical refractive index circle of the refractive index of an each point in described refraction index profile district with y, and with different y for radius is formed multiple concentric refractive index circle, allow electromagnetic wave converge its wave beam through described Meta Materials module.
Preferably, described Meta Materials module comprises the metamaterial sheet that multiple edge superposes perpendicular to the direction of sheet surfaces, and in each metamaterial sheet, corresponding same oscillator forms identical refraction index profile district.
Preferably, in each metamaterial sheet corresponding same oscillator respective indices of refraction distributed area in radius identical refractive index circle refractive index all identical.
Preferably, each metamaterial sheet comprises substrate and the multiple artificial micro-structure of periodic arrangement on described substrate.
Preferably, described artificial micro-structure is in alabastrine planar metal micro-structural.
Preferably, described artificial micro-structure is small sircle hole.
Preferably, described reflector is electric conductor.
Preferably, the reflectivity of described reflector is 100%.
Preferably, the both sides of described Meta Materials module are respectively arranged with impedance matching film, and each impedance matching film comprises multiple impedance matching layer with different refractivity, and each impedance matching layer is the uniform dielectric with single refractive index.
Preferably, each impedance matching layer comprises substrate and the multiple artificial micro-structure of periodic arrangement on described substrate.
The antenna that the present invention is based on Meta Materials has following beneficial effect: formed by each oscillator corresponding in described metamaterial sheet and multiplely have the refractive index circle meeting above-mentioned refraction index profile formula, its wave beam is converged when making electromagnetic wave pass described Meta Materials module, half-power angle diminishes, be improved its directivity and gain, allow the farther of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the antenna that the present invention is based on Meta Materials;
Fig. 2 is the front enlarged drawing of a metamaterial sheet of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the front enlarged drawing in a refraction index profile district of the metamaterial sheet shown in Fig. 1, wherein establishes a polar coordinate system;
Fig. 4 is the refractive index circle distribution schematic diagram that the polar coordinate system set up in corresponding diagram 3 is formed;
Fig. 5 is the arrangement schematic diagram of the metal micro structure that the refractive index circle distribution of corresponding diagram 4 is formed;
Fig. 6 is the arrangement schematic diagram of the small sircle hole that the refractive index circle distribution of corresponding diagram 4 is formed;
Fig. 7 is the curve chart of example of the present invention dB value in its each orientation, far field under given electromagnetic wave;
Fig. 8 is the structural representations of Meta Materials module both sides of the present invention when covering an impedance matching film respectively.
The name that in figure, each label is corresponding is called:
10 based on the antenna of Meta Materials, 12 Anneta modules, 14 reflectors, 16 oscillators, 20 Meta Materials modules, 22 metamaterial sheet, 24 refraction index profile districts, 30 impedance matching films, 32 impedance matching layers
Embodiment
We know, the refraction that electromagnetic wave occurs in communication process causes due to the refractive index difference of two media or two parts material.For Meta Materials, due to its by with artificial micro-structure as metal pattern or aperture for elementary cell and in a specific way (as periodic arrangement mode) carry out spatial arrangement and formed, its spatial points is made to have different dielectric constants and magnetic permeability, and the refractive index of spatial points
namely, the refractive index of Meta Materials spatial points is also not identical yet.As can be seen here, for will by aerial radiation out (for simplicity, only be described for the situation of antennas irradiate electromagnetic ripple herein, in fact the antenna that is also applicable to described herein receives electromagnetic situation, electromagnetic wave beam down together) carries out the situation converged, as long as we obtain the refraction index profile of Meta Materials spatial points, also the dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability that be realised that its spatial points is just equivalent to, the arrangement of recycling artificial micro-structure and design the electromagnetic wave beam of antenna can be allowed to carry out the Meta Materials converged.
At present, Meta Materials is generally made up of multi-layer metamaterial lamella, (each artificial micro-structure and accompanying substrate portion people thereof are for being defined as a metamaterial unit for the artificial micro-structure that each metamaterial sheet comprises substrate and is attached on described substrate, the size of each metamaterial unit is less than 1/5th of the electromagnetic wavelength of required response, be preferably 1/10th), changing each point on substrate by the topology and physical dimension regulating artificial micro-structure (is also each metamaterial unit, because the size of each metamaterial unit should be less than 1/5th of the wavelength of incident electromagnetic wave, be preferably 1/10th, general very small, therefore each metamaterial unit can be regarded as a bit, dielectric constant down together) and magnetic permeability, and then the refractive index of each point on substrate is changed with certain rule, electromagnetic wave propagation can be controlled.If allow the refractive index of each point of the multi-layer metamaterial lamella of Meta Materials all arrange with certain rule, then can reach the object changing electromagnetic wave propagation path.For the electromagnetic wave of aerial radiation, not only converge electromagnetic wave beam via after Meta Materials, reduce the half-power angle of antenna, and make electromagnetic wave be transformed to plane wave propagation by spherical wave, the distance of propagation is farther.
As shown in Figure 1, the Anneta module 12 that the described antenna 10 based on Meta Materials comprises reception and/or emitting electromagnetic wave and the Meta Materials module 20 be arranged on Electromagnetic Wave Propagation direction, described Anneta module 12 comprises reflector 14 and the multiple oscillators 16 of array arrangement in described reflector 14.In the present embodiment, described reflector 14 is perfect electric conductor, and also, its reflectivity is 100%, and the oscillator 16 shown in figure is five that linearly arrange.In other examples, can arrange by any way for the oscillator 16 of any amount, as matrix arrangement.Generally, described Meta Materials module 20 comprises the metamaterial sheet 22 that multiple edge is formed by stacking perpendicular to the direction (also i.e. the described oscillator 16 electromagnetic wave propagation direction of launching or receiving) of sheet surfaces.Because the refraction index profile rule of each metamaterial sheet 22 is all identical, therefore only choose a metamaterial sheet 22 below and be exemplarily described.
Please continue to refer to Fig. 2, in described metamaterial sheet 22, the position of each oscillator 16 corresponding forms a refraction index profile district 24.In order to example, be delimited by a dashed line in figure and define five square region to represent these refraction index profile districts 24, in fact, in described metamaterial sheet 22, the refraction index profile district 24 of each oscillator 16 corresponding can be any shape, and the size in each refraction index profile district 24 also can not be identical.Because the refraction index profile rule in the refraction index profile district 24 that the position of each oscillator 16 corresponding in described metamaterial sheet 22 is formed is all identical, therefore, our the following refraction index profile district 24 for an oscillator 16 corresponding in described metamaterial sheet 22 is described.
Please continue to refer to Fig. 3, with in described refraction index profile district 24 a bit for limit O, be parallel to arbitrary of described refraction index profile district 24 with the described limit O ray Oy that is end points for pole axis sets up polar coordinate system, the refractive index of any point (y, 0) on described pole axis Oy is allowed to meet following relational expression:
In formula, y
temp=mod (y+bb/2, bb)-bb/2, mod are MOD function, and for integer, the complementation of two jack per line integers is identical with two positive number complementations; During two contrary sign integer complementations, first regard two integers as positive number, remake division arithmetic: 1. during aliquot, its value is 0, and time 2. aliquant, its value=divisor × (integral quotient+1)-dividend, the symbol of its value is the symbol of divisor.For two decimals, its value rounds up first decimal place after being dividend-(integral quotient × divisor), the symbol of its value is with the symbol rule of integer, and bb is the line length of each oscillator 16 position corresponding, bottom of described reflector 14; Ss is the distance of oscillator 16 to surface, described refraction index profile district 24; D is the thickness in described refraction index profile district 24, and
n
maxand n
minbe respectively largest refractive index and the minimum refractive index in described refraction index profile district.
We are the center of circle with the limit O of described polar coordinate system, are that radius makes the circle refractive index circle that namely refractive index of a formation each point is all identical in described refraction index profile district 24 with y, and with different y for radius forms multiple concentric refractive index circle as bowlder, as Fig. 4, wherein, the limit O of described polar coordinate system is positioned in described refraction index profile district 24 roughly just to the position at the center of corresponding oscillator 16.
When utilizing artificial micro-structure to be arranged in substrate to construct described metamaterial sheet 22 in each refraction index profile district 24, by adjusting the physical dimension of artificial micro-structure and/or topology and allowing its periodic arrangement reach the refraction index profile meeting formula (1).Exemplarily, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 to sets forth in a refraction index profile district 24 in alabastrine planar metal micro-structural and the arrangement schematic diagram of small sircle hole (two kinds of artificial micro-structure).
When metamaterial sheet described in each 22 these oscillators 16 all corresponding form multiple refraction index profile district 24, and the refraction index profile in these refraction index profile districts 24 is when all meeting formula (1), multiple described metamaterial sheet 22 is allowed to be superimposed along the direction perpendicular to sheet surfaces, the corresponding same oscillator 16 of each metamaterial sheet 22 forms identical refraction index profile district 24, and the refractive index of the refractive index that in each refraction index profile district 24 of corresponding same oscillator 16, radius is identical circle is all identical, thus form described Meta Materials module 20.
In order to verify the convergence effect of described Meta Materials module 20 pairs of electromagnetic wave beams with the refraction index profile meeting formula (1), we carry out actual test for five element antenna modules 12 below.Please refer to Fig. 1 again, allow bb=0.128m, ss=0.04102m, n
max=6.9, n
min=1.85, and suppose that the wave frequency that described Anneta module 12 gives off is 1.9GHz, then can obtain the described dB value based on each orientation around the far field of the antenna 10 of Meta Materials as Fig. 7.From figure, the maximum dB value in its far field is 61.2873dB, and to record half-power angle be 14.6307 °.Visible, formula (1) is met by allowing the refractive index of each point in the refraction index profile district 24 of corresponding each oscillator 16 in described Meta Materials module 20, electromagnetic wave beam can be made to center convergence, reduce the described half-power angle based on the antenna 10 of Meta Materials, improve its directivity and gain, and making electromagnetic wave be transformed to plane wave by spherical wave, the distance of propagation is farther.
In addition, because air is different from the refractive index of described Meta Materials module 20, also can reflect during Meta Materials module 20 described in electromagnetic wave incident and outgoing, at this moment, we arrange impedance matching film 30 to reduce reflection of electromagnetic wave in described Meta Materials module 20 both sides usually, as shown in Figure 8.Each impedance matching film 30 comprises multiple impedance matching layer 32 with different refractivity, each impedance matching layer 32 both can realize by the metamaterial sheet with single refractive index be made up of substrate and artificial micro-structure, and the natural material that also can be existed by occurring in nature is made.
When the both sides of described Meta Materials module 20 arrange described impedance matching film 30 respectively, the ss in formula (1) is the distance of oscillator 16 to impedance matching film 30 surface hithermost with it.
The above is only multiple embodiment of the present invention and/or embodiment, should not be construed as limiting the invention.For those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from basic thought of the present invention, multiple improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the antenna based on Meta Materials, it is characterized in that, the Anneta module comprising reception and/or emitting electromagnetic wave and the Meta Materials module be arranged on Electromagnetic Wave Propagation direction, described Anneta module comprises reflector and is arranged at the oscillator in described reflector, described Meta Materials module comprises at least one metamaterial sheet, the position of each metamaterial sheet each oscillator corresponding forms a refraction index profile district, with any in each refraction index profile district for limit O, be parallel to arbitrary of described refraction index profile district with the described limit O ray Oy that is end points for pole axis sets up polar coordinate system, then any point (y on described pole axis Oy, 0) refractive index n (y) is:
In formula, y
temp=mod (y+bb/2, bb)-bb/2, mod are MOD function, and bb is the line length of the corresponding described oscillator position of described reflector; Ss is the distance of described oscillator to described refraction index profile district; D is the thickness in described refraction index profile district, and
n
maxand n
minbe respectively largest refractive index and the minimum refractive index in described refraction index profile district; Be the center of circle with the limit O of described polar coordinate system, be that radius forms all identical refractive index circle of the refractive index of an each point in described refraction index profile district with y, and with different y for radius is formed multiple concentric refractive index circle, allow electromagnetic wave converge its wave beam through described Meta Materials module.
2. the antenna based on Meta Materials according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Meta Materials module comprises the metamaterial sheet that multiple edge superposes perpendicular to the direction on metamaterial sheet surface, and in each metamaterial sheet, corresponding same oscillator forms identical refraction index profile district.
3. the antenna based on Meta Materials according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in each metamaterial sheet corresponding same oscillator respective indices of refraction distributed area in radius identical refractive index circle refractive index all identical.
4. the antenna based on Meta Materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that, each metamaterial sheet comprises substrate and the multiple artificial micro-structure of periodic arrangement on described substrate.
5. the antenna based on Meta Materials according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described artificial micro-structure is in alabastrine planar metal micro-structural.
6. the antenna based on Meta Materials according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described artificial micro-structure is small sircle hole.
7. the antenna based on Meta Materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described reflector is electric conductor.
8. the antenna based on Meta Materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the reflectivity of described reflector is 100%.
9. the antenna based on Meta Materials according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the both sides of described Meta Materials module are respectively arranged with impedance matching film, each impedance matching film comprises multiple impedance matching layer with different refractivity, and each impedance matching layer is the uniform dielectric with single refractive index.
10. the antenna based on Meta Materials according to claim 9, is characterized in that, each impedance matching layer comprises substrate and the multiple artificial micro-structure of periodic arrangement on described substrate.
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| CN201110338058.3A CN103094706B (en) | 2011-10-31 | 2011-10-31 | Based on the antenna of Meta Materials |
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| CN201110338058.3A CN103094706B (en) | 2011-10-31 | 2011-10-31 | Based on the antenna of Meta Materials |
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| CN1941503A (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-04 | 西北工业大学 | Microband antenna of S-band left-hand material |
| CN101378151A (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2009-03-04 | 东南大学 | High-gain layered lens antenna based on optical transformation theory |
| CN101587990A (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2009-11-25 | 东南大学 | Broad band cylindrical lens antenna based on artificial electromagnetic materials |
| CN201515017U (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2010-06-23 | 东南大学 | lens antenna |
| CN102204008A (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2011-09-28 | 杜克大学 | Metamaterials for surfaces and waveguides |
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2011
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1941503A (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-04 | 西北工业大学 | Microband antenna of S-band left-hand material |
| CN102204008A (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2011-09-28 | 杜克大学 | Metamaterials for surfaces and waveguides |
| CN101378151A (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2009-03-04 | 东南大学 | High-gain layered lens antenna based on optical transformation theory |
| CN101587990A (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2009-11-25 | 东南大学 | Broad band cylindrical lens antenna based on artificial electromagnetic materials |
| CN201515017U (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2010-06-23 | 东南大学 | lens antenna |
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