CN103094640A - Battery pack heat management device - Google Patents
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- CN103094640A CN103094640A CN2013100344866A CN201310034486A CN103094640A CN 103094640 A CN103094640 A CN 103094640A CN 2013100344866 A CN2013100344866 A CN 2013100344866A CN 201310034486 A CN201310034486 A CN 201310034486A CN 103094640 A CN103094640 A CN 103094640A
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a battery pack heat management device by employing a liquid medium. The device has a perfect battery pack heat management function, and according to the device, the heating and radiating of a battery pack can be finished, so that the battery pack always works in an optimal temperature range, the temperature of each battery unit can be accurately managed, and the time required for heating the battery pack is obviously shortened; and therefore, the consistency and good performance of the battery pack can be well guaranteed. The battery pack heat management device employing the liquid medium mainly comprises a liquid cooling box, an electronic fan, a liquid medium, a thermostat, a secondary liquid tank, a semiconductor and temperature sensor unit, a battery box temperature sensor, a battery unit, an outer battery box shell, a battery box insulation layer, an inner battery box shell, an electric pump, a battery management unit, a heating module and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the battery technology field, relate to a kind of battery pack heat management device, be specifically related to a kind of battery pack heat management device that adopts liquid medium.
Background technology
Along with the development of electric automobile whole technology and key components and parts technology, motorcar electric changes into the development trend for the Global Auto industry, and the main automobile that adopts electric energy to drive such as pure electric automobile becomes the Main Trends of The Development of China.
In recent years, the lithium-ion-power cell technology has obtained marked improvement, and in many lithium ion battery kinds, what China mainly used is ferric phosphate lithium cell.
With regard to the monomer performance parameter, substantially can satisfy the instructions for use of electric automobile, yet due to the consistency problem in production and use procedure, must use battery management system to battery monitoring, management and control.Present battery management system major function has: data acquisition, SOC estimation, balanced management, heat management and failure diagnosis etc., wherein heat management is one of difficulties of generally acknowledging in the battery management system exploitation, not only relate to the consistency of use procedure, also relate to safety in the battery use procedure and SOC estimation precision etc.Simultaneously, the environment for use temperature range that automobile is general is-30 ℃～80 ℃, the best environment for use temperature of ferric phosphate lithium cell is 20 ℃～40 ℃, and below 0 ℃, ferric phosphate lithium cell is charged, and has the danger of short circuit, therefore, realize the commercialization of popularizing of electric automobile, particularly pure electric automobile, must carry out perfect heat management to battery, comprise heating and heat radiation, battery is always worked in best temperature range.
at present, domestic and international most of producer adopts air to carry out the design of battery thermal management system as medium, because the air ratio thermal capacitance is little, little with the battery convection transfer rate, heat radiation, firing rate is very slow, there are the problems such as temperature is inconsistent, and electrically heated mode is only adopted in heating, pass to battery by cross-ventilation, or the direct heating battery of employing Electric radiant Heating Film, the heating required time is very long, and consume a large amount of battery energy storages, affect the continual mileage of electric automobile, also badly influence promoting the use of of electric automobile, therefore in actual the use, the heat management function of battery management system mainly still realizes the monitoring of temperature, report to the police and overheat protector, or heat sinking function only arranged, all there is no perfect battery thermal management function.
Summary of the invention
Problem for the prior art existence, the present invention proposes a kind of battery pack heat management device that adopts liquid medium, have perfect battery pack heat management function, can complete heating and the heat radiation of battery pack, battery pack is always worked in best temperature range, and can realize the accurate management to each cell temperature, significantly shorten the required time of battery pack heating, thereby guarantee better the consistency of battery pack and good performance performance.
A kind of battery pack heat management device comprises liquid cools case, electronics fan, thermostat, liquid medium, secondary flow container, semiconductor and temperature sensor unit, battery case temperature sensor, battery cell, battery case inner casing, battery case heat-insulation layer, battery case shell, electrodynamic pump, battery management unit and heating module.
The battery cell serial or parallel connection, formed battery pack, battery case inner casing, battery case heat-insulation layer and battery case shell form battery case body jointly, the battery case heat-insulation layer is between battery case inner casing, battery case shell, each battery cell of battery pack is fixed in battery case body, battery case body inside is provided with liquid medium, and the anode and cathode terminals of battery pack is positioned at outside battery case body, and battery case body is hermetically-sealed construction; Semiconductor and temperature sensor unit comprise semiconductor refrigerating element and temperature sensor, each battery cell all is furnished with one group of semiconductor refrigerating element and temperature sensor unit, and semiconductor refrigerating element and temperature sensor all are connected with battery management unit by wire harness; In battery case temperature sensor measurement battery case body, the temperature of liquid medium, be connected with battery management unit by wire harness; One side of battery case body connects the entrance of thermostat by pipeline, an outlet of thermostat connects the entrance of liquid cooler bin by pipeline, the outlet of liquid cools case connects respectively another outlet and the heating module of thermostat by pipeline, heating module connects electrodynamic pump by pipeline, electrodynamic pump connects again the opposite side of battery case body by pipeline, form the fluid loop of liquid medium; Secondary flow container connects the liquid cooler bin by pipeline, realizes expanding storing and the compensation of scarce liquid; Electrodynamic pump is connected with battery management unit by wire harness; The electronics fan is fixed on the liquid cools case, connects battery management unit by wire harness.
battery management unit obtains the temperature of the interior liquid medium of battery case body of battery case temperature sensor measurement, if temperature≤A, battery management unit is controlled electric priming pump, heating module heats, under the driving of electrodynamic pump, liquid medium flows in fluid loop, in battery case body, liquid medium enters thermostat by pipeline, thermostat cuts out the passage that directly leads to the liquid cools case, liquid medium enters heating module by thermostat, heating module heats liquid medium, liquid medium after heating exports in battery case body by electrodynamic pump, form the partial circulating of fluid loop, liquid medium after heating heats each battery cell, battery management unit obtains the battery cell temperature of temperature sensor measurement in semiconductor and temperature sensor unit, obtain simultaneously the temperature of the interior liquid medium of battery case body of battery case temperature sensor measurement, when battery pack reaches optimum temperature, battery management unit is controlled heating module, electrodynamic pump quits work, if temperature 〉=B, battery management unit is controlled electric priming pump, under the driving of electrodynamic pump, liquid medium flows in fluid loop, in battery case body, liquid medium enters thermostat by pipeline, thermostat cuts out the passage that directly leads to heating module, liquid medium enters in the liquid cools case by thermostat, the liquid cools case dispels the heat to liquid medium, liquid medium after heat radiation exports in battery case body by electrodynamic pump, form the systemic circulation of fluid loop, liquid medium after heat radiation dispels the heat to each battery cell, battery management unit obtains the battery cell temperature of temperature sensor measurement in semiconductor and temperature sensor unit, obtain simultaneously the temperature of the interior liquid medium of battery case body of battery case temperature sensor measurement, when battery pack reaches optimum temperature, battery management unit is controlled electrodynamic pump and is quit work, wherein, if excess Temperature, reach the design temperature that the electronics fan starts, battery management unit is controlled the electronics fan and is started, the auxiliary liquid cooler bin carries out the heat radiation of liquid medium.
The temperature of setting the interior liquid medium of battery case body of battery case temperature sensor measurement is mean temperature, when battery management unit obtains the battery cell temperature of temperature sensor measurement in semiconductor and temperature sensor unit than the low C of mean temperature, battery management unit is controlled semiconductor and is generated heat with the face that semiconductor refrigerating element in the temperature sensor unit contacts with battery cell, and the face that contacts with liquid medium freezes; When battery management unit obtains the battery cell temperature of temperature sensor measurement in semiconductor and temperature sensor unit than the high D of mean temperature, battery management unit is controlled semiconductor and is freezed with the face that semiconductor refrigerating element in the temperature sensor unit contacts with battery cell, the face that contacts with liquid medium generates heat, thereby accurately controls the consistency of battery cell temperature.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, the battery pack heat management device of employing liquid medium provided by the present invention, have perfect battery pack heat management function, can complete heating and the heat radiation of battery pack, battery pack is always worked in best temperature range, and can realize the accurate management to each cell temperature;
2, battery pack heat management device provided by the present invention, adopt liquid as medium, have two fluid loops of systemic circulation and partial circulating, can significantly improve heating, the radiating efficiency of battery pack, and heat-insulation layer is arranged on battery case, can further improve system effectiveness;
3, the battery pack heat management device of employing liquid medium provided by the present invention, use heating module heating liquid medium, then heat the mode of the battery that is immersed by liquid medium, can significantly shorten the required time of battery pack heating, reduce the consumption of a large amount of electric energy of battery pack;
Preferably, described heating module adopts the mode of fuel heater and electric heater combination.
4, the battery pack heat management device of employing liquid medium provided by the present invention, its heating module can also solve the problem of the warm defrosting of confession of electric automobile easily;
5, the battery pack heat management device of employing liquid medium provided by the present invention except being used for electric automobile, also can be used for the occasion that other battery pack need heat management system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: battery pack heat management device of the present invention.
In figure:
1-liquid cools case; 2-electronics fan; The 3-thermostat;
The 4-liquid medium; The secondary flow container of 5-; 6-semiconductor and temperature sensor unit;
7-battery case temperature sensor; The 8-battery cell; 9-battery case inner casing;
10-battery case heat-insulation layer; 11-battery case shell; The 12-electrodynamic pump
The 13-battery management unit; The 14-heating module.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
A kind of battery pack heat management device provided by the invention, as shown in Figure 1, mainly comprise liquid cools case 1, electronics fan 2, thermostat 3, liquid medium 4, secondary flow container 5, semiconductor and temperature sensor unit 6, battery case temperature sensor 7, battery cell 8, battery case inner casing 9, battery case heat-insulation layer 10, battery case shell 11, electrodynamic pump 12, battery management unit 13 and heating module 14.
Battery cell 8 serial or parallel connections have formed battery pack, and battery pack is the core component of battery pack heat management system, and other all parts for the battery pack service, are all in order to guarantee that battery pack can be operated in the temperature province of optimum performance.
The common battery case body that forms of battery case inner casing 9, battery case heat-insulation layer 10 and battery case shell 11, battery case heat-insulation layer 10 is between battery case inner casing 9, battery case shell 11.Each battery cell 8 of battery pack is fixed in battery case body, and simultaneously, battery case body is also that battery pack is externally installed fixing basis.In order to improve the efficient of battery pack heat management system, reduce the heat exchange between battery case body and outside air, designed heat-insulation layer 10 in battery case body.
Wherein, preferably, battery case heat-insulation layer 10 is selected fire proofing.
Battery case body inside is provided with liquid medium 4, and liquid medium 4 is heat transfer mediums of whole heat management system, have good fluidity, good insulating, specific heat capacity large, non-inflammable, to characteristics such as metal non-corrosivenesss.
The anode and cathode terminals of battery pack is positioned at outside battery case body, and battery case body is hermetically-sealed construction.
Semiconductor and temperature sensor unit 6 are each battery cell 8 temperature monitorings and the unit accurately controlled, comprise semiconductor refrigerating element and temperature sensor, each battery cell 8 all is furnished with one group of semiconductor and temperature sensor unit 6, accurately control the temperature of each battery cell by the cold and hot end effect of semiconductor refrigerating element, the temperature of temperature sensor measurement battery cell 8, semiconductor refrigerating element and temperature sensor all are connected with battery management unit 13 by wire harness.
Wherein, preferably, the semiconductor refrigerating element in described semiconductor and temperature sensor unit 6 is selected semiconductor chilling plate, and temperature sensor is selected the transducer of thermoelectricity resistance type.
Battery case temperature sensor 7 is used for monitoring the temperature of battery case body, because liquid medium 4 specific heat capacities are very large, distributing rationally in conjunction with heat management system again, can guarantee well the consistency of each monomer temperature of battery pack, therefore, the namely mean temperature of each battery cell 8 of battery case temperature sensor 7 monitorings judges whether the temperature sensor work on each battery cell 8 is normal thereby also can be used for battery management unit 13.It is connected by wire harness with battery management unit 13.
One side of battery case body connects the entrance of thermostat 3 by pipeline, an outlet of thermostat 3 connects the entrance of liquid cooler bin 1 by pipeline, the outlet of liquid cools case 1 connects respectively another outlet and heating module 14 of thermostat 3 by pipeline, heating module 14 is connecting electrodynamic pump 12 by pipeline, electrodynamic pump 12 connects again the opposite side of battery case body by pipeline, battery case body, thermostat 3, electrodynamic pump 12 and pipeline form fluid loop jointly.
Thermostat 3 is used for control and the selection of fluid loop, and in the present invention, thermostat 3 is used for controlling the liquid medium 4 liquid cools case 1 of whether flowing through and dispels the heat, and it is connected in fluid loop by pipeline.
Wherein, preferably, described thermostat 3 adopts the waxtype thermostat that generally uses on automobile, and its 26S Proteasome Structure and Function principle is identical with the waxtype thermostat of automobile engine, and just open temp is different.
Electrodynamic pump 12 provides power source for the circulation of whole fluid loop, is connected in fluid loop by pipeline, simultaneously, is connected with battery management unit 13 by wire harness, and controlled by it.
Liquid cools case 1 is used for liquid medium 4 is dispelled the heat, thereby realizes the heat radiation of battery pack, and the part as the battery pack heat management system is connected in fluid loop by pipeline.
During higher than 45 ℃, 1 pair of liquid medium 4 of auxiliary liquid cooler bin dispels the heat electronics fan 2, realizes better the control of battery pack working temperature, works under the control of battery management unit 13, and is connected by wire harness with it at battery pack temperature.
Heating module 14 is started working during lower than 15-20 ℃ at battery pack temperature, comes each battery cell 8 in the heating battery group by heating liquid medium 4, improving the performance of battery pack, and avoids the fail safe hidden danger such as short circuit that below 0 ℃, charging may cause.
Preferably, described heating module 14 adopts the mode of fuel heater and electric heater combination, when electric automobile is in charging process, the external electric energy supply is arranged, perhaps electric automobile during traveling is in the zero discharge district, or short distance adopts electric heating to carry out the heating of liquid medium 4 when travelling, and other situations all adopt fuel heater to carry out the heating of liquid medium 4.
Secondary flow container 5 connects liquid cooler bin 1 by pipeline, is mainly the function that expansion stores and scarce liquid compensates, and when liquid medium 4 temperature risings, when producing volumetric expansion, the volume of secondary flow container 5 absorption liquid volume expansions has partially liq to flow into secondary flow container 5 at this moment; When liquid medium 4 temperature reductions, when volume contraction or fluid loop liquid measure reduced to some extent, partially liq flowed into the loop from secondary flow container 5, and the loop liquid measure is compensated.
Wherein, preferably, described secondary flow container 5 is selected the automobile overflow tank.
during the electric automobile normal operation, if temperature is lower than 15-20 ℃, battery management unit 13 is controlled heating module 14 work, heating liquid medium 4, simultaneously, battery management unit 13 is controlled electrodynamic pump 12 work, in the liquid medium 4 input battery case bodies after heating, each battery cell 8 in liquid medium 4 is immersed in heating, under the driving of electrodynamic pump 12, liquid medium 4 flows to the position of thermostat 3, because temperature is lower, thermostat 3 is not opened towards the passage of liquid cools case 1, like this, liquid medium 4 flows back to heating module 14 through thermostat 3 and again heats, form the partial circulating of fluid loop, under the effect of electrodynamic pump 12, liquid medium 4 begins circulation according to said sequence, constantly heat each battery cell 8, when battery management unit 13 detects battery pack temperature and reaches optimum working temperature by the temperature sensor in semiconductor and temperature sensor unit 6 and battery case temperature sensor 7, control heating module 14 stopped heatings.In partial circulating, liquid medium 4 is relatively less, can fast speed ground heating battery monomer.
When the temperature in battery case body reaches more than 40-45 ℃, thermostat 3 is opened the passage that leads to liquid cools case 1, simultaneously, close the passage that directly leads to heating module, it is the partial circulating passage, like this, dispel the heat in liquid medium 4 influent cooler bins 1, under the effect of electrodynamic pump 12, flow into battery case through cooled liquid medium 4, each battery cell 8 is dispelled the heat, then liquid medium 4 flows back in liquid cools case 1 again through thermostat 3, form the systemic circulation of fluid loop, until battery pack temperature reaches optimum working temperature.If battery pack is used for than thermal environment, during excess Temperature, battery management unit 13 can be controlled 2 work of electronics fan, and auxiliary liquid cooler bin 1 carries out the heat radiation of liquid medium 4.
if battery pack in use, battery management unit 13 is by battery cell and battery case temperature sensor signal, judge that the temperature of certain batteries monomer is than mean temperature high or low 1 ℃ or lower numerical value (depending on the setting of battery management unit 13 inside), battery management unit 13 is controlled the cold and hot end effect of the semiconductor refrigerating element in semiconductors and temperature sensor unit 6, accurately control the temperature of this batteries monomer, if the battery cell temperature is higher than mean temperature, battery management unit 13 is controlled semiconductors and is freezed with the face that semiconductor refrigerating element in temperature sensor unit 6 contacts with battery cell, and the face that contacts with liquid medium 4 heating, thereby accurately control the temperature of battery cell, otherwise, if the battery cell temperature is lower than mean temperature, battery management unit 13 is controlled semiconductors and is generated heat with the face that semiconductor refrigerating element in temperature sensor unit 6 contacts with battery cell, and the face that contacts with liquid medium 4 freezes, thereby accurately controls the consistency of battery cell temperature.
Claims (10)
1. battery pack heat management device comprises liquid cools case, electronics fan, thermostat, liquid medium, secondary flow container, semiconductor and temperature sensor unit, battery case temperature sensor, battery cell, battery case inner casing, battery case heat-insulation layer, battery case shell, electrodynamic pump, battery management unit and heating module;
The battery cell serial or parallel connection, formed battery pack, battery case inner casing, battery case heat-insulation layer and battery case shell form battery case body jointly, the battery case heat-insulation layer is between battery case inner casing, battery case shell, each battery cell of battery pack is fixed in battery case body, battery case body inside is provided with liquid medium, and the anode and cathode terminals of battery pack is positioned at outside battery case body, and battery case body is hermetically-sealed construction; Semiconductor and temperature sensor unit comprise semiconductor refrigerating element and temperature sensor, each battery cell all is furnished with one group of semiconductor refrigerating element and temperature sensor unit, and semiconductor refrigerating element and temperature sensor all are connected with battery management unit by wire harness; In battery case temperature sensor measurement battery case body, the temperature of liquid medium, be connected with battery management unit by wire harness; One side of battery case body connects the entrance of thermostat by pipeline, an outlet of thermostat connects the entrance of liquid cooler bin by pipeline, the outlet of liquid cools case connects respectively another outlet and the heating module of thermostat by pipeline, heating module connects electrodynamic pump by pipeline, electrodynamic pump connects again the opposite side of battery case body by pipeline, form the fluid loop of liquid medium; Secondary flow container connects the liquid cooler bin by pipeline, realizes expanding storing and the compensation of scarce liquid; Electrodynamic pump is connected with battery management unit by wire harness; The electronics fan is fixed on the liquid cools case, connects battery management unit by wire harness;
battery management unit obtains the temperature of the interior liquid medium of battery case body of battery case temperature sensor measurement, if temperature≤A, battery management unit is controlled electric priming pump, heating module heats, under the driving of electrodynamic pump, liquid medium flows in fluid loop, in battery case body, liquid medium enters thermostat by pipeline, thermostat cuts out the passage that directly leads to the liquid cools case, liquid medium enters heating module by thermostat, heating module heats liquid medium, liquid medium after heating exports in battery case body by electrodynamic pump, form the partial circulating of fluid loop, liquid medium after heating heats each battery cell, battery management unit obtains the battery cell temperature of temperature sensor measurement in semiconductor and temperature sensor unit, obtain simultaneously the temperature of the interior liquid medium of battery case body of battery case temperature sensor measurement, when battery pack reaches optimum temperature, battery management unit is controlled heating module, electrodynamic pump quits work, if temperature 〉=B, battery management unit is controlled electric priming pump, under the driving of electrodynamic pump, liquid medium flows in fluid loop, in battery case body, liquid medium enters thermostat by pipeline, thermostat cuts out the passage that directly leads to heating module, liquid medium enters in the liquid cools case by thermostat, the liquid cools case dispels the heat to liquid medium, liquid medium after heat radiation exports in battery case body by electrodynamic pump, form the systemic circulation of fluid loop, liquid medium after heat radiation dispels the heat to each battery cell, battery management unit obtains the battery cell temperature of temperature sensor measurement in semiconductor and temperature sensor unit, obtain simultaneously the temperature of the interior liquid medium of battery case body of battery case temperature sensor measurement, when battery pack reaches optimum temperature, battery management unit is controlled electrodynamic pump and is quit work, wherein, if excess Temperature, reach the design temperature that the electronics fan starts, battery management unit is controlled the electronics fan and is started, the auxiliary liquid cooler bin carries out the heat radiation of liquid medium,
The temperature of setting the interior liquid medium of battery case body of battery case temperature sensor measurement is mean temperature, when battery management unit obtains the battery cell temperature of temperature sensor measurement in semiconductor and temperature sensor unit, than the low C of mean temperature, battery management unit is controlled semiconductor and is generated heat with the face that semiconductor refrigerating element in the temperature sensor unit contacts with battery cell, and the face that contacts with liquid medium freezes; When battery management unit obtains the battery cell temperature of temperature sensor measurement in semiconductor and temperature sensor unit, than the high D of mean temperature, battery management unit is controlled semiconductor and is freezed with the face that semiconductor refrigerating element in the temperature sensor unit contacts with battery cell, the face that contacts with liquid medium generates heat, thereby accurately controls the consistency of battery cell temperature.
2. a kind of battery pack heat management device according to claim 1, described battery case heat-insulation layer adopts fire proofing.
3. a kind of battery pack heat management device according to claim 1, the semiconductor refrigerating element in described semiconductor and temperature sensor unit adopts semiconductor chilling plate.
4. a kind of battery pack heat management device according to claim 1, the temperature sensor in described semiconductor and temperature sensor unit adopts the transducer of thermoelectricity resistance type.
5. a kind of battery pack heat management device according to claim 1, described thermostat adopts waxtype thermostat.
6. a kind of battery pack heat management device according to claim 1, described heating module adopts the mode of fuel heater and electric heater combination, when the battery pack heat management device is applied to electric automobile, when electric automobile is in charging process, the external electric energy supply is arranged, and perhaps electric automobile during traveling is in the zero discharge district, or short distance is when travelling, adopt electric heating to carry out the heating of liquid medium, other situations all adopt fuel heater to carry out the heating of liquid medium.
7. a kind of battery pack heat management device according to claim 1, described secondary flow container is selected the automobile overflow tank.
8. a kind of battery pack heat management device according to claim 1, described A=15-20 ℃.
9. a kind of battery pack heat management device according to claim 1, described B=40-45 ℃.
10. a kind of battery pack heat management device according to claim 1, the value of described temperature C, temperature D is set by the user.
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Application publication date: 20130508 Assignee: SHENZHEN GREATLAND ELECTRICS INC. Assignor: Beihang University Contract record no.: 2017110000008 Denomination of invention: Battery pack heat management device Granted publication date: 20150610 License type: Common License Record date: 20170504 |