CN103094539A - Preparation method of tin dioxide quantum dot graphene sheet composite - Google Patents
Preparation method of tin dioxide quantum dot graphene sheet composite Download PDFInfo
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- CN103094539A CN103094539A CN2012104911476A CN201210491147A CN103094539A CN 103094539 A CN103094539 A CN 103094539A CN 2012104911476 A CN2012104911476 A CN 2012104911476A CN 201210491147 A CN201210491147 A CN 201210491147A CN 103094539 A CN103094539 A CN 103094539A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a tin dioxide quantum dot graphene sheet composite. The process comprises the following steps: a) preparing graphene oxide; and b) and dispersing a prepared GO (graphene oxide) solution in deionized water, performing ultrasonic treatment to fully disperse GO in water, slowly dripping an SnCl2 solution while stirring and then performing ultrasonic treatment, further performing centrifugal washing on a product, drying in a vacuum drying box, and finally annealing a sample in an N2 atmosphere at the temperature of 600 DEG C to prepare the tin dioxide quantum dot (4-6nm) graphene composite. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, tin dioxide can be uniformly distributed on the two sides of graphene by controlling the concentration of the graphene solution and the SnCl2 solution, the stirring time, the ultrasonic treatment time and the annealing temperature. With the rapid development and the wide application of lithium batteries, the preparation method disclosed by the invention has great application prospects in the field of electrochemistry.
Description
Technical field
The preparation method of a kind of tin dioxide quantal-point graphene film compound involved in the present invention belongs to metal oxide graphene complex preparation technology and technical field of electrochemistry.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery has the little characteristics of high density, height ratio capacity and quality, has obtained using very widely in mobile phone, notebook computer and various instrument.Tin ash has the plurality of advantages such as height ratio capacity (783mAh/g), price be low as a kind of oxide of rutile structure, has obtained increasing concern in the application of lithium ion battery negative material.Yet, because tin ash can make battery capacity sharply reduce along with lithium ion embeds the change in volume that embedding goes out to produce, limited to a great extent the application of tin ash in cell negative electrode material in the process of charge/discharge.In order to address this problem, research at present is compound with tin ash and Graphene, has improved to a certain extent the chemical property of tin ash.Graphene is a kind of material with carbon element of two dimension, has good conductivity and chemical stability, high specific area.Graphene has not only improved the reversible specific capacity of material as the carrier of stannic oxide particle, has also improved cycle performance.At present, the method for preparing the metal oxide graphene complex is a lot, and some complex methods are too loaded down with trivial details, the extremely difficult pattern of controlling material of some synthetic methods.The present invention adopts ultrasonic method, the solution concentration of reacting by control and stirring, ultrasonic time, and annealing temperature prepares the tin ash graphene composite material.Test result shows: the diameter of stannic oxide particle is distributed between 4 to 6nm, is evenly distributed on the both sides of graphene film, has good using value.
Summary of the invention
For the defective that prior art exists, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of tin dioxide quantal-point graphene film compound, be the preparation method of the good tin ash graphene complex of a kind of simple, repeatability and operability.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of preparation method of tin dioxide quantal-point graphene film compound has following steps:
A. the preparation of graphene oxide: be potassium peroxydisulfate and the phosphorus pentoxide of 1:1 with mass ratio, be dissolved in the appropriate concentrated sulfuric acid, be heated to 80
oC； Then 3 ~ 5g native graphite is added mentioned solution, constant temperature 4h; Be cooled to room temperature, after the deionized water dilution with 300 ~ 400ml, hold over night; Washing, suction filtration; 60
oDry in the C vacuum drying chamber; The precursor that obtains is joined in the ice bath concentrated sulfuric acid of 120ml, under agitation slowly add the KMnO of 0.09 ~ 0.11mol
4, maintain the temperature at 0 ~ 5 in the process that adds
oC； Then temperature is controlled at 35
oC is stirred to abundant reaction; Add the dilution of 250 ~ 300ml ionized water, also will make temperature lower than 50 in ice bath in dilution
oC； The deionized water that adds capacity after stirring, and add at once the H of 20ml 30%
2O
2, mixture produces bubble, and color becomes glassy yellow; With the said mixture suction filtration, and with the watery hydrochloric acid washing of the 1:10 of 1L, filter and remove the part metals ion; Use again the deionized water washing and filtering, remove unnecessary acid; Mentioned solution is dissolved in the water, and then the ultrasonic Solution Dispersion that makes is even, obtains graphene oxide solution, and after centrifugation, the product that obtains brownish black at air drying is graphene oxide;
B. graphene oxide solution and the deionized water with volume ratio 2:1 mixes, and the ultrasonic graphene oxide that makes is well-dispersed in water, slowly drips 10ml SnCl in vigorous stirring
2Solution fully stirs, and is then ultrasonic; With the product centrifuge washing that obtains, fully dry in vacuum drying chamber, at last with sample at N
2High annealing in atmosphere, temperature are 600
oC namely makes the tin dioxide quantal-point graphene complex.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following outstanding characteristics and significant progressive:
The tin dioxide quantal-point size that a process for preparing is dispersed in the both sides of graphene film 4 to 6nm.In the process that compound forms, Graphene sheet structure has hindered the reunion of tin ash, simultaneously, the tin dioxide quantal-point that is attached to above graphene film has also been avoided the accumulation of graphene film effectively, has played very crucial effect in the process of preparation graphene film.Along with develop rapidly and the extensive use of lithium battery, the present invention has good application prospect in electrochemical field.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the X-ray diffractogram of Graphene (a), tin ash graphene complex (b), tin ash (c).
Fig. 2 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of Graphene (a), tin ash graphene complex (b).
Fig. 3 is the transmission electron microscope picture that the present invention prepares the tin ash graphene composite material of gained.
Fig. 4 is the Raman spectrum of Graphene (a), tin ash graphene complex (b).
Fig. 5 is the thermogravimetric collection of illustrative plates of Graphene (a), tin ash graphene complex (b).
Fig. 6 is the formation mechanism figure of the present invention's tin ash graphene composite material of preparing gained.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is done further statement.
A kind of preparation method of tin dioxide quantal-point graphene film compound has following steps:
A. the preparation of graphene oxide: with potassium peroxydisulfate (K
2S
2O
8) 2.5g, phosphorus pentoxide (P
2O
5) 2.5g, be dissolved in the 20ml concentrated sulfuric acid, be heated to 80
0C； Then the 3g native graphite is added mentioned solution, constant temperature 4.5h; Be cooled to room temperature, after the dilution of 350ml deionized water, hold over night; Washing, suction filtration; 60
0Dry in the C vacuum drying chamber; The pre-oxidation thing that obtains is joined in the concentrated sulfuric acid of ice bath of 120ml, under agitation slowly join 15g KMnO
4, maintain the temperature at 5 in the process that adds
oBelow C.Then be that temperature is controlled at 35
oC stirs 2h.Add the dilution of 250ml deionized water, also will make temperature lower than 50 in ice bath in dilution
oC。Stir again 2h, then add the 0.7L deionized water, and add at once the H of 20ml 30%
2O
2, mixture produces bubble, and color has become glassy yellow, and approximately the 0.5h afterreaction stops.With the said mixture suction filtration, and with the watery hydrochloric acid washing of the 1:10 of 1L, filter one and remove the part metals ion; Filter with the 1L water washing again, to remove unnecessary acid; Mentioned solution is dissolved in 1L water, and then ultrasonic 0.5h left and right under the 100W ultrasonic power, obtain graphene oxide solution (GO), and after centrifugation, the product that obtains brownish black at air drying is the graphene oxide that needs.
B. with the GO Solution Dispersion of 100ml in the 50ml deionized water, ultrasonic 30min is well-dispersed in water GO, slowly drips 10ml SnCl in vigorous stirring
2(0.45g) solution stirs 30min, then ultrasonic 60min under the 100W ultrasonic power.With the product centrifuge washing that obtains 3 times, 60
oFully dry in the vacuum drying chamber of C, at last with sample 600
oAt the temperature of C at N
2The 3h that anneals in atmosphere namely makes the tin dioxide quantal-point graphene complex.The tin dioxide quantal-point size of preparing under above-mentioned experiment condition is dispersed in the both sides of graphene film uniformly 4 to 6nm.
As shown in Figure 1, be the X-ray diffractogram of Graphene (a), tin ash graphene complex (b), tin ash (c)
,X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies show that: the main indices of crystallographic plane of compound and the standard X-ray diffraction of Tetragonal tin ash (PDF document number: 77-0447) basically identical, for example: Tetragonal tin ash (110), (101), (200), (211), (220) and (002) face, there is no other impurity peaks or other tin oxide peak, illustrate that the sample for preparing comprises the Tetragonal stannic oxide particle.After stannic oxide particle and Graphene were compound, the diffraction maximum of Graphene disappeared.Presentation of results: graphene film helps to form tin dioxide quantal-point, and the tin dioxide quantal-point that adheres in Graphene both sides has also been avoided the accumulation of annealing stage Graphene.
As shown in Figure 2, be the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of Graphene (a), tin ash graphene complex (b).Can find out from figure (a) and successfully prepare graphene film.Can clearly observe tin dioxide quantal-point in figure (b) is evenly distributed on above graphene film.Result shows: the compound that has successfully made the tin dioxide quantal-point Graphene.
As shown in Figure 3, the transmission electron microscope picture for preparing the tin ash graphene composite material of gained for the present invention.The high-resolution-ration transmission electric-lens test shows: tin dioxide quantal-point is evenly distributed in above graphene film, and lateral size of dots is between 4 to 6 nanometers.The tin dioxide quantal-point crystallization is perfect, and spacing of lattice is 0.33 nanometer approximately, corresponding (110) crystal face.The electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) test shows: comprise tin, oxygen and carbon in compound, proved that product is exactly the tin ash graphene complex.
As shown in Figure 4, be the Raman spectrum of Graphene (a), tin ash graphene complex (b).Raman spectrum mainly comprises D peak (~ 1335 cm
-1) and G peak (~ 1593 cm
-1).D peak and G peak are all the characteristic peaks of carbon, and wherein the D peak has reflected the defective of material with carbon element, border structure and crystallization degree, and the G peak is decided by electron conjugated degree.
I D / I G The variation of ratio has reflected the microstructure change of material with carbon element, and the peak that calculates compound is by force that 1.20 peaks strong (1.09) with respect to Graphene increase to some extent.Result shows: the accumulation of tin dioxide quantal-point has obvious impact to the structure of Graphene.
As shown in Figure 5, be the thermogravimetric collection of illustrative plates of Graphene (a), tin ash graphene complex (b).The thermogravimetric test shows: the thermal loss of Graphene is 16.65%, and the thermal loss of compound is 26.27%.(Fig. 5).The reason that the loss of compound thermogravimetric increases to some extent is crystallization evaporation of water in tin ash.
As shown in Figure 6, the formation mechanism figure for preparing the tin ash graphene composite material of gained for the present invention.It is as follows that the tin dioxide quantal-point graphene complex forms mechanism: graphene oxide includes a large amount of hydroxyls and carboxyl, and is electronegative.After tin ion adds, stir and ultrasonic effect under, tin ion and Graphene electronegative functional group combines closely, and is oxidized in the process of tetravalence attitude the reduction of simultaneous carbon at tin ion.The complex compound of the hydroxy combining formation tin in tetravalent tin ion and solution is attached to the surface of Graphene.At annealing stage, be that the remaining functional group in graphene oxide surface can be converted into water, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide and forms Graphene, the hydroxo complex of the tin formation tin ash that dries out simultaneously.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of a tin dioxide quantal-point graphene film compound is characterized in that having following steps:
A. the preparation of graphene oxide: be potassium peroxydisulfate and the phosphorus pentoxide of 1:1 with mass ratio, be dissolved in the appropriate concentrated sulfuric acid, be heated to 80
oC； Then 3 ~ 5g native graphite is added mentioned solution, constant temperature 4h; Be cooled to room temperature, after the deionized water dilution with 300 ~ 400ml, hold over night; Washing, suction filtration; 60
oDry in the C vacuum drying chamber; The precursor that obtains is joined in the ice bath concentrated sulfuric acid of 120ml, under agitation slowly add the KMnO of 0.09 ~ 0.11mol
4, maintain the temperature at 0 ~ 5 in the process that adds
oC； Then temperature is controlled at 35
oC is stirred to abundant reaction; Add the dilution of 250 ~ 300ml ionized water, also will make temperature lower than 50 in ice bath in dilution
oC； The deionized water that adds capacity after stirring, and add at once the H of 20ml 30%
2O
2, mixture produces bubble, and color becomes glassy yellow; With the said mixture suction filtration, and with the watery hydrochloric acid washing of the 1:10 of 1L, filter and remove the part metals ion; Use again the deionized water washing and filtering, remove unnecessary acid; Mentioned solution is dissolved in the water, and then the ultrasonic Solution Dispersion that makes is even, obtains graphene oxide solution, and after centrifugation, the product that obtains brownish black at air drying is graphene oxide;
B. graphene oxide solution and the deionized water with volume ratio 2:1 mixes, and the ultrasonic graphene oxide that makes is well-dispersed in water, slowly drips 10ml SnCl in vigorous stirring
2Solution fully stirs, and is then ultrasonic; With the product centrifuge washing that obtains, fully dry in vacuum drying chamber, at last with sample at N
2High annealing in atmosphere, temperature are 600
oC namely makes the tin dioxide quantal-point graphene complex.
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| CN103482614A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2014-01-01 | 东南大学 | Preparation method of graphene-ZnO nanoparticle composite material |
| CN103482618A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2014-01-01 | 东南大学 | Preparation method of graphene-tin dioxide nanoparticle composite material |
| CN103482617A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2014-01-01 | 东南大学 | Method for preparing tin dioxide/graphene composite material |
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