CN103091314A - Rapid detection method for water-soluble azo dyes in foods - Google Patents
Rapid detection method for water-soluble azo dyes in foods Download PDFInfo
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- CN103091314A CN103091314A CN2013100155065A CN201310015506A CN103091314A CN 103091314 A CN103091314 A CN 103091314A CN 2013100155065 A CN2013100155065 A CN 2013100155065A CN 201310015506 A CN201310015506 A CN 201310015506A CN 103091314 A CN103091314 A CN 103091314A
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Abstract
The invention provides a rapid detection method for water-soluble azo dyes in foods. The method comprises the steps of (A), sample extraction; (B), polyamide column concentration and purification; (C), elution of pigments; and (D) qualitative detection. According to the rapid detection method, the rapid screening can be timely and effectively carried out on suspected samples, the method is independent of large-scale instruments and equipments, and lawbreakers can be harshly attacked within the shortest time; and besides, the rapid detection method further has the advantages of short detection time, wide applicable range, high detection accuracy, low detection limit, strong anti-interference capacity and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the food safety detection field, relate in particular to soluble azo dyes method for quick in a kind of food.
Background technology
The pigment that domestic approval is used mainly contains natural colouring matter and synthetic dyestuff two classes, and the synthetic dyestuff that wherein allows to use comprises the low toxicity azo dyess such as famille rose, sunset yellow and amaranth.Reasonably use food coloring can make food color bright-coloured tempting, make us appetite good, yet under the ordering about of interests, the even illegal use industrial dye of the super scope abuse synthetic dyestuff of illegal retailer, the constantly food safety affairs such as outburst " tonyred ", " dyeing steamed bun ".At present, less to the method for quick of forbidding, limit the use of azo dyes and industrial pigment in food both at home and abroad, a lot of pigments use non-compliant food to be strangled at production field, therefore set up the method for quick of being correlated with necessary to closing.
In prior art, about the research major part of azo dyes Fast Measurement in food be based on that colorability is qualitative, chromatography, spectral absorption scheduling theory Foundation, for be fat-soluble azo dyes, detection method mainly comprises:
1) with fat-soluble pigment in the organic solvent extracting sample thiefs such as thiacyclohexane, potassium permanganate oxidation natural colouring matter under acid condition, can the reductive agent oxammonium hydrochloride be removed excessive oxidant, and then keep as positive judgment basis according to organic layer color before and after processing;
2) pure water extraction sample pigment, adsorb under the absorption thin slice acid condition that polyamide or wool are made, and uses the stripping of ammoniacal liquor ethanol after pure water purifies, with the colour developing thin slice doubling that xylogen is made, and the foundation judged positive in the conduct that whether develops the color;
3) with textile sample with reference to GB/T 17592-2006 reduce process after, methyl tertiary butyl ether extracts decolouring, more at room temperature with nitrous acid diazotising-coupling colour developing, according to having or not color to carry out positive judgement.
For detection method 1), in existing technology (number of patent application 200710027591.1), because acid potassium permanganate has strong oxidizing property, can react to the organism that extracts from sample, cause interference thereby may generate coloring matter; After table 2 demonstration adds target actual sample reaction treatment, there is significant change in the organic layer color, is different from table 1 blank and adds the target experimental result.Above experimental result may be that three kinds of reasons cause, the one, may exist the halfway subsidiary reaction of oxidation to generate coloring matter in oxidizing process, change the color of organic layer, the 2nd, can not enter the organic layer colour developing by oxidized coloring matter in sample, the 3rd, before and after in organic layer, organism is caused the mark-on sample preparation by exhaustive oxidation, color shoals.The method was not both disturbed confirmatory experiment to fat-soluble natural pigment, did not also carry out verifying with the false positive rate contrast of instrumental method, and more the experimental phenomena of his-and-hers watches 2 is not illustrated its reason.Thereby the method is in application process, has or not color may have the situation of false positive erroneous judgement as judgment basis before and after processing only according to organic layer, is unfavorable for whether illegal use fat-soluble pigment of accurate qualitative sample.
For detection method 2), in existing technology (number of patent application 20081002995.9), absorption thin slice polyamide or wool yield used is less, and be limited to the plate carrying capacity of pigment, be unfavorable for enrichment and colour developing when sample synthetic dyestuff content is low, easily fails to judge.Pigment is after the enrichment of absorption thin slice, and the natural colouring matter of part high adsorption capacity (as curcumin, Monascus color etc.) can not reach the purpose of removing fully only according to pure water, finally can affect the positive result of judging.
For detection method 3), in existing technology (number of patent application 201110350255.7), the quick colour-developing test operating procedure of textile is complicated, and because diazotising-coupling reaction generally will be carried out under 1-5 ℃, under room temperature, nitrous acid and diazotising intermediate easily decompose, be unfavorable for follow-up chromogenic reaction, may have the situation of failing to judge.
Therefore, there is the interference that easily is disturbed thing in existing detection method, poor accuracy, and complicated operation is grown, is needed the shortcomings such as complex analyses instrument detection time, and can't carry out fast detecting for soluble azo dyes.
Summary of the invention
For solving problems of the prior art, the inventor against expectation finds, extract pigment in sample by ammonia spirit, also purify with the mixed liquor of methyl alcohol and acetic acid through the polyamide column enrichment, after the mixed liquor wash-out separating water-soluble azo dyes of ethanol and ammoniacal liquor, then decolour, can carry out the fast qualitative detection of soluble azo dyes by zinc powder and ammonium acetate reduction system.In food provided by the invention, the soluble azo dyes method for quick by Site Detection, can carry out the rapid screening of suspicious specimen timely and effectively, does not rely on large-scale instrument and equipment, can give the severe strike of lawless person within the shortest time; The advantages such as in addition, it is short that the present invention also has detection time, applied widely, and detection accuracy is high, and detection limit is low, and background disturbs little, and antijamming capability is strong.
In a kind of food, the soluble azo dyes method for quick, comprise the steps:
A) sample extraction: get testing sample, add dilute ammonia solution, shake up in water-bath, get supernatant after standing, add citric acid to transfer pH to 5 ~ 7 in this supernatant, obtain sample extracting solution;
B) polyamide column enrichment and purification: described sample extracting solution is transferred in polyamide column, and separating filtrate is enriched on polyamide column pigment, and the mixed liquor of getting methyl alcohol and acetic acid washs this polyamide column;
C) wash-out of pigment: get the described polyamide column of mixed liquor wash-out of ethanol and ammoniacal liquor, collect eluent, the color of eluent and the color of standard comparison liquid are compared;
D) qualitative detection: if the color of eluent is darker than the color of standard comparison liquid, described eluent equivalent is divided into control group and test set, the ammonium acetate solution and the 0.09 ~ 0.11g zinc powder that add 0.5 ~ 3 mL in this test set, after shaking up, filtering, compare with control group, observe this test set color and whether take off, if color fade judges that testing result is positive.
Adopt technique scheme, the present invention can carry out the rapid screening of suspicious specimen timely and effectively, does not rely on large-scale instrument and equipment, can give the severe strike of lawless person within the shortest time; In addition, also has a detection time short, applied widely, the advantage such as detection accuracy is high, and detection limit is low, and background disturbs little, and antijamming capability is strong.
Detection principle of the present invention is: during soluble azo dyes keeps under acid condition and is enriched in polyamide column, wash-out separation from polyamide column under alkali condition, synergy by zinc powder and ammonium acetate, reduction reaction occurs rapidly in gained eluent at ambient temperature, if color fade judges that testing result is positive.Enrichment and purification by polyamide column, the interference of the chaff interferences such as natural colouring matter can be effectively got rid of, the soluble azo dyes such as lemon yellow, sunset yellow, famille rose, light blue, amaranth, temptation in field quick detection food is red, Acid Orange II, acid scarlet, Methanil Yellow G can be widely used in.
Zinc powder and ammonium acetate act synergistically, and the reaction equation of reduction lemon yellow pigment is as follows:
As a further improvement on the present invention, the pH of described weak aqua ammonia is 9 ~ 10.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described soluble azo dyes comprise that lemon yellow, sunset yellow, famille rose, light blue, amaranth, temptation are red, Acid Orange II, acid scarlet and Methanil Yellow G.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described ammonium acetate solution is the saturated acetic acid ammonium salt solution; The saturated acetic acid ammonium salt solution is conducive to the carrying out that react, and forms optimum reaction condition.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described polyamide column adopts the chromatographic column that is filled with 0.2 ~ 0.3g Silon, and the particle diameter of described Silon is 200 ~ 300 orders.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in the mixed liquor of described methyl alcohol and acetic acid, the volume ratio of methyl alcohol and acetic acid is 6:4.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in the mixed liquor of described ethanol and ammoniacal liquor, the volume ratio of ethanol and ammoniacal liquor is 7:3, and wherein ammoniacal liquor is got with the volume ratio mixing of 2:1 by strong aqua and water.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the addition of described zinc powder is 0.1g.The addition of zinc powder is most important for the accuracy that detects, if addition is too many, due to the color that zinc itself has, can produces color and disturb, thereby affect detection accuracy; If addition very little, may cause reaction not exclusively, thereby affect detection accuracy.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention improves the pre-treatment step of GB/T5009.35-2003, and adopt zinc powder and ammonium acetate system to act synergistically, fast restore soluble azo dyes under room temperature, not only pre-treatment time and detection time have greatly been shortened, can carry out timely and effectively the rapid screening of suspicious specimen, not rely on large-scale instrument and equipment, can give the severe strike of lawless person within the shortest time; The advantages such as in addition, it is short that the present invention also has detection time, applied widely, and the result of measuring with GB/T5009.35-2003 is consistent, and detection accuracy is high, and detection limit is low, and background disturbs little, and antijamming capability is strong.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is halogen meat products positive eluent and qualitative results schematic diagram thereof.
Fig. 2 is eluent and the qualitative results schematic diagram thereof of part mark-on sample, and wherein 1 is carmine, and 2 is light blue, and 3 is amaranth.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further details.
Reagent compound method in the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
Dilute ammonia solution: get a certain amount of distilled water, add strong aqua regulator solution pH=9 ~ 10;
Citric acid solution: get the 20g citric acid solid and be dissolved in 70ml distilled water, be transferred to the 100ml volumetric flask, be settled to scale;
The mixed liquor of methyl alcohol and acetic acid: methyl alcohol and acetic acid are with 6:4(v/v) mixing and getting;
In the mixed liquor of ethanol and ammoniacal liquor, the volume ratio of ethanol and ammoniacal liquor is 7:3, and wherein ammoniacal liquor is got with the volume ratio mixing of 2:1 by strong aqua and water;
The saturated acetic acid ammonium salt solution: get a certain amount of ammonium acetate solid, add a small amount of distilled water, supersonic oscillations to solid can not dissolve;
Polyamide column: the chromatographic column that is filled with the 0.2-0.3g Silon; The Silon grade is planar chromatography use, 200 ~ 300 orders;
Standard comparison liquid series: formed by the standard solution serial dilution, lemon yellow 1.0 mg/kg, sunset yellow 1.0 mg/kg, carmine 1.0 mg/kg, light blue 1.0 mg/kg, amaranth 1.0 mg/kg, lure red 1.0 mg/kg, Acid Orange II 1.0 mg/kg, acid scarlet 1.2 mg/kg, Methanil Yellow G 1.0 mg/kg.
The detection of soluble azo dyes in embodiment one food.
Sample thief 3.0g adds dilute ammonia solution 15mL, shakes up in the warm water water-bath, gets supernatant after standing, adds citric acid solution to transfer pH to 5.8 in this supernatant, obtains sample extracting solution; Described sample extracting solution is transferred in polyamide column, and separating filtrate is enriched on polyamide column pigment, and the mixed liquor of getting methyl alcohol and acetic acid washs this polyamide column 2 ~ 3 times, each 3mL; The polyamide column of the mixed liquor wash-out of getting again ethanol and ammoniacal liquor after the mixed liquor washing of methyl alcohol and acetic acid 2 ~ 3 times, each 2mL collects eluent; Described eluent equivalent is divided into control group and test set, adds saturated acetic acid ammonium salt solution and the 0.1g zinc powder of 1mL in this test set, after shaking up 10 ~ 20 seconds, filter, compare with control group, observe this test set color and whether take off, if color fade judges that testing result is positive.If the color of eluent is more shallow than the color of standard comparison liquid, testing result is invalid.
Above-mentioned sample comprises Flour product, halogen meat products, bean-curd product three classes, totally 85 samples, the detection method that provides by the present embodiment detects, and result shows: detect 8 parts of positive, positive rate is 9.4%, and it is as shown in table 1 that all kinds of sample positives detect statistics.Fig. 1 is halogen meat products positive eluent and qualitative results schematic diagram thereof.As can be seen from Figure 1, colour generation eluent (left side) is after zinc powder and ammonium acetate reduction, and the color of the solution takes off, and detects result positive.
The detection limit of soluble azo dyes in embodiment two food.
Get the Flour product sample, add respectively the lemon yellow standard solution of different volumes and shake up, after pressing the detection method detection in embodiment one, extremely neutral with dense vinegar acid for adjusting pH value, distilled water is settled to 10mL, observes the solution colour depth, filters, press GB 5009.35-2003 and detect mark-on solution actual concentrations, do simultaneously the blank sample contrast.
Sunset yellow, famille rose, light blue, amaranth, temptation are red, the detection limit experiment of Acid Orange II, acid scarlet, Methanil Yellow G operates with lemon yellow.Mark-on solution theory concentration and the actual detectable concentration after this method is processed see Table 2.
Fig. 2 is eluent and the qualitative results schematic diagram thereof of part mark-on sample, and wherein 1 is carmine, and 2 is light blue, and 3 is amaranth.According to Fig. 2 mark-on the color of the solution depth degree, consider that zinc powder and ammonium acetate solution exist absorption and diluting effect in adding the solution process, the present invention is defined as the qualitative detection limit of Flour product, halogen meat, bean-curd product: lemon yellow 1.0 mg/kg, sunset yellow 1.0 mg/kg, carmine 1.0 mg/kg, light blue 1.0 mg/kg, amaranth 1.0 mg/kg lure red 1.0 mg/kg, Acid Orange II 1.0 mg/kg, acid scarlet 1.2 mg/kg, Methanil Yellow G 1.0 mg/kg.
Standard comparison liquid refers to the pigment standard solution with the preparation of detection limit concentration.Be based on the quilitative method of visual determination due to the present invention, need to determine whether under detection limit of the present invention by standard comparison liquid for the more shallow eluent of color, reduce the erroneous judgement that may produce because of the adsorption bleaching of zinc powder.The color of eluent is darker than corresponding standard comparison liquid color, is a whether effective prerequisite of " if color fade judges that testing result is positive " this conclusion.If the color of eluent is more shallow than corresponding standard comparison liquid color, testing result is invalid.
Embodiment three samples detect positive coincidence rate.
85 samples in embodiment one are detected by GB/T5009.35-2003 " mensuration of synthetic coloring matter in food ", the testing result of testing result and the inventive method is compared, calculate positive coincidence rate, result is as shown in table 3.As shown in Table 3, the inventive method on the accuracy of positive rate with the national standard method there was no significant difference.
The interference of embodiment four natural colouring matters to the inventive method.
Take lactochrome, curcumin, three kinds of natural colouring matters of Monascus color as subjects, get respectively its standard solution 0.50ml in the 10ml color comparison tube, add water and be settled to scale, the detection method in embodiment one detects, and experimental result is as shown in table 4.As known from Table 4, lactochrome, curcumin, Monascus color in the experimental procedure that polyamide column purifies by methyl alcohol-acetic acid solution wash-out, can be to the qualitative interference effect that exists of acid azopigment.
In sum, the inventive method can satisfy the fast detecting of soluble azo dyes in food, has a detection time short, applied widely, the result of measuring with GB/T5009.35-2003 is consistent, and detection accuracy is high, the advantages such as detection limit is low, and background disturbs little, and antijamming capability is strong.If be positive through the inventive method check, just very likely illegal use forbidding or the soluble azo dyes that limits the use of of this sample.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation further description made for the present invention, can not assert that concrete enforcement of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For the general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. soluble azo dyes method for quick in a food, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
A) sample extraction: get testing sample, add dilute ammonia solution, shake up in water-bath, get supernatant after standing, add citric acid to transfer pH to 5 ~ 7 in this supernatant, obtain sample extracting solution;
B) polyamide column enrichment and purification: described sample extracting solution is transferred in polyamide column, and separating filtrate is enriched on polyamide column pigment, and the mixed liquor of getting methyl alcohol and acetic acid washs this polyamide column;
C) wash-out of pigment: get the described polyamide column of mixed liquor wash-out of ethanol and ammoniacal liquor, collect eluent, the color of eluent and the color of standard comparison liquid are compared;
D) qualitative detection: if the color of eluent is darker than the color of standard comparison liquid, described eluent equivalent is divided into control group and test set, the ammonium acetate solution and the 0.09 ~ 0.11g zinc powder that add 0.5 ~ 3 mL in this test set, after shaking up, filtering, compare with control group, observe this test set color and whether take off, if color fade judges that testing result is positive.
2. soluble azo dyes method for quick in food according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the pH of described weak aqua ammonia is 9 ~ 10.
3. soluble azo dyes method for quick in food according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described soluble azo dyes comprises that lemon yellow, sunset yellow, famille rose, light blue, amaranth, temptation are red, Acid Orange II, acid scarlet and Methanil Yellow G.
4. soluble azo dyes method for quick in food according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described ammonium acetate solution is the saturated acetic acid ammonium salt solution.
5. soluble azo dyes method for quick in food according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described polyamide column adopts the chromatographic column that is filled with 0.2 ~ 0.3g Silon, and the particle diameter of described Silon is 200 ~ 300 orders.
6. soluble azo dyes method for quick in the described food of any one according to claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: in the mixed liquor of described methyl alcohol and acetic acid, the volume ratio of methyl alcohol and acetic acid is 6:4.
7. soluble azo dyes method for quick in the described food of any one according to claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: in the mixed liquor of described ethanol and ammoniacal liquor, the volume ratio of ethanol and ammoniacal liquor is 7:3, and wherein ammoniacal liquor is got with the volume ratio mixing of 2:1 by strong aqua and water.
8. soluble azo dyes method for quick in the described food of any one according to claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that: the addition of described zinc powder is 0.1g.
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| CN104655752A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-05-27 | 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for detecting acid brilliant scarlet GR in paper packaging material for foods |
| CN105115965A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-12-02 | 南昌大学 | Soft drink synthetic pigment fast detection method and kit |
| CN105277552A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-01-27 | 福州大学 | Device for online detection of azo coloring agents and using method of device |
| CN105588832A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-05-18 | 厦门华厦学院 | Device and method for rapidly detecting basic orange, acid orange and basic tender yellow |
| CN106841476A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-06-13 | 广东出入境检验检疫局检验检疫技术中心 | A kind of method and its sample-pretreating method for detecting synthetic coloring matter |
| CN107703129A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-02-16 | 瓮福达州化工有限责任公司 | A kind of detection method of colouring agent aberration |
| CN108181251A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-06-19 | 浙江工商大学 | A kind of detection method of lemon yellow |
| CN112213437A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-12 | 诺安实力可商品检验（青岛）有限公司 | HPLC (high Performance liquid chromatography) and LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry) detection method for orange B in pet food |
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| CN104655752A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-05-27 | 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for detecting acid brilliant scarlet GR in paper packaging material for foods |
| CN104655752B (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2018-07-03 | 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 | The assay method of Acid Brilliant Scarlet GR in a kind of paper food packaging materials |
| CN105115965A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-12-02 | 南昌大学 | Soft drink synthetic pigment fast detection method and kit |
| CN105277552A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-01-27 | 福州大学 | Device for online detection of azo coloring agents and using method of device |
| CN105277552B (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2018-10-30 | 福州大学 | A kind of device and its application method for azo colouring agent on-line checking |
| CN105588832A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-05-18 | 厦门华厦学院 | Device and method for rapidly detecting basic orange, acid orange and basic tender yellow |
| CN106841476A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-06-13 | 广东出入境检验检疫局检验检疫技术中心 | A kind of method and its sample-pretreating method for detecting synthetic coloring matter |
| CN107703129A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-02-16 | 瓮福达州化工有限责任公司 | A kind of detection method of colouring agent aberration |
| CN108181251A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-06-19 | 浙江工商大学 | A kind of detection method of lemon yellow |
| CN108181251B (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2020-08-18 | 浙江工商大学 | Lemon yellow detection method |
| CN112213437A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-12 | 诺安实力可商品检验（青岛）有限公司 | HPLC (high Performance liquid chromatography) and LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry) detection method for orange B in pet food |
| CN112213437B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-04-23 | 诺安实力可商品检验（青岛）有限公司 | HPLC (high Performance liquid chromatography) and LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry) detection method for orange B in pet food |
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