CN103088365B - A kind of electrolytic aluminium process for cleanly preparing - Google Patents
A kind of electrolytic aluminium process for cleanly preparing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electrolytic aluminium process for cleanly preparing, it is molten cryolitic and to be dissolved in aluminum oxide therein as electrolyte, carbon materials is the two poles of the earth, it is passed through after direct current and occurs electrochemical reaction on the two poles of the earth in electrolytic cell, the fluorinated alumina obtained after the purified recovery of anodic gas that anode is produced is put into electrolytic cell again to be electrolysed, aluminium liquid that negative electrode is obtained is purified, casting obtains aluminium ingot, it is characterised in that：The waste material produced during aluminum electrolysis technology is subjected to classification recovery, screens, process after chemical examination, the utilization of electrolytic cell interior circulation is ultimately delivered to.The present invention realizes the clean manufacturing of electrolytic aluminium, improve the yield of electrolytic aluminium, reduce the production cost of electrolytic aluminium, it is effectively utilized the waste material for stopping being produced when groove maintenance prepurging and replacing anode, and suctioning out, waste material that cleaning of two-maing ladle, calcining, casting transport, Recovery Purifying link are produced, it is to avoid the secondary environmental pollution caused when carrying out waste recovery using techniques such as flotation, chemical reducing agents.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electrolytic aluminium process for cleanly preparing.
Background technology
China's aluminum electrolysis industry has the serious wasting of resources and environmental pollution in evolution.Electrolytic aluminum scraps master
To include anode block to adhere to waste material and stop the waste material that groove overhauls prepurging, and suctioning out, cleaning of two-maing ladle, calcining, casting transport, only
Change the waste material that the links such as recovery are produced.During Aluminum Electrolysis Production, negative electrode carbon liner and other furnace building materials are inevitable
Ground is corroded by sodium, electrolyte and aluminium, a large amount of fluorine-containing salts is absorbed, while the stress produced in erosion process can become groove
Shape and inner lining damage.During aluminium cell overhaul, all to remove carbon liner and other furnace building materials in electrolytic cell and be formed greatly
Repair waste material.Overhaul waste material is mainly cathode block, cathode inner lining and insulation material and refractory brick etc..Average often production 1kg aluminium is just
0.01~0.04kg waste materials can be produced, and contain soluble fluoride in waste material, and the fluoride is generally more than hazardous waste mirror
Other standard, belongs to hazardous waste.Not yet find optimum electrolytic aluminum scraps processing mode both at home and abroad at present.
Currently with the recycling technique of electrolytic aluminum scraps based on floatation and reducing process.As CN102079534B is public
A kind of method that electrolytic aluminium containing waste slag of fluorine produces ice crystal has been opened, has been to produce ice using electrolytic aluminium containing waste slag of fluorine and the concentrated sulfuric acid as raw material
Spar.And for example a kind of magnetic selection method for electrolytic aluminum waste material disclosed in CN101811090B, is that reducing agent is added in electrolytic aluminum scraps,
It is magnetic iron ore by the surface conversion of the particle containing bloodstone in waste material, in magnetic plant, except de-iron and silicon, isolated carbon dust
With remaining raw material.For another example CN101818253B discloses a kind of separation and purification method of electrolytic aluminum scraps, is that electricity is utilized in electric furnace
The metal alumina particles in aluminium waste are solved as reducing agent, iron and silicon and other objectionable impurities are reduced, furnace bottom is deposited in,
Product is obtained to furnace melting system aluminum oxide is converted into by ice crystal using " acid system " technique, and third time removes silicon and obtained simultaneously
Obtain byproduct carbon ammonium.Above in the prior art on the twice laid technique produced by electrolytic aluminium because majority is using flotation, chemistry
The techniques such as reducing agent, its rate of recovery is limited by factors such as equipment, also a certain degree of to cause while fund input is high
Secondary environmental pollution.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of electrolytic aluminium process for cleanly preparing, solve aluminum electrolysis technology in the prior art and provide
The problem of source is wasted and environmental pollution is serious.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of electrolytic aluminium process for cleanly preparing is using molten cryolitic and is dissolved in aluminum oxide therein as electrolyte, carbon
Material is the two poles of the earth, is passed through after direct current and occurs electrochemical reaction on the two poles of the earth in electrolytic cell, and the anodic gas that anode is produced is through net
The fluorinated alumina that change is obtained after reclaiming is put into electrolytic cell again to be electrolysed, and the aluminium liquid that negative electrode is obtained is purified, casting
Obtain aluminium ingot, it is characterised in that：The anode block obtained during by the waste material and replacing anode that stop groove maintenance prepurging adheres to waste material, and
Suctioning out, the waste material that cleaning of two-maing ladle, calcining, casting transport, Recovery Purifying link are produced carry out classification recovery, sieved after chemical examination
Choosing, processing, final input electrolytic cell interior circulation are utilized；Described waste material classification recycling is mainly included the following steps that：
（1）The classification of waste material：The waste material classification that electrolytic cell is stopped into groove maintenance prepurging and produced when changing anode obtains waste material
A, waste material B, waste material C, waste material D, anode anode scrap, scrap negative electrode, will suction out, cleaning of two-maing ladle, calcining, casting transport, Recovery Purifying
The waste material that link is produced, which is concentrated in together, obtains waste material E；The waste material A is the waste material that main component is aluminium, based on the waste material B
It is Na to want composition3AlF6Waste material, the waste material C is that the main component on groove madial wall is Al2O3Waste material, the waste material D is
Main component is Al above anode2O3Waste material；
（2）Waste material A, waste material B and waste material E chemical examination, screening：Waste material A, waste material B and waste material E are chemically examined, content is not
It is considered as qualified waste material more than the waste material in production electrolytic bath Inner electrolysis matter ingredient standard, it is on the contrary then be unqualified waste material；
（3）Waste material C screening and utilization：By step（2）In unqualified waste material screened with waste material C mixing, reject
Particle diameter >=5cm main component is fe and Fe2O3Impurity A after crushed, screen out the main component list of particle diameter >=50 μm
The residue A of matter iron obtains the first material that granularity is 40~50 μm, after chemical examination and dispensing, with step（2）In qualified waste material mixing
Send into electrolytic cell and use as one-level compound；
（4）Waste material D and anode anode scrap screening and utilization：By anode anode scrap through clear up isolated qualified anode anode scrap and
Main component is Al2O3Waste slag of electrolytic aluminium, qualified anode anode scrap is crushed to particle diameter for 40~80mm, then be crushed to particle diameter≤
12mm, gains return to anode production technology flow；By waste slag of electrolytic aluminium and waste material D and step（3）In impurity A be mixed into
After row is crushed to 3cm~7cm and rejects particle diameter >=7cm main component for the impurity B of fe, with step（3）In residue A
Mixing, is crushed and is rejected the residue B of particle diameter >=150 μm, and it is 40~150 μm of first material to obtain granularity, and through chemically examining and matching somebody with somebody
Two grades of compounds are obtained after material, then gains after the repeated crushing of residue B, rejecting, chemical examination and dispensing are added into two grades of compounds
In, two grades of compounds are sent into electrolytic cell and used；
（5）Anode anode scrap, the screening and utilization for scrapping negative electrode：Negative electrode and/or step will be scrapped（4）In the sun that does not use
Pole anode scrap mixing is crushed to particle diameter for 40~80mm, then is crushed to particle diameter to deliver to alumina producing as fuel after 6~15mm
Flow heat supply electric boiler is used, or is crushed to particle diameter to carry out in advance the electrolytic cell after overhaul as prebake char particle after 1~5mm
Roasting is used.
The step（3）The dispensing quality standard of middle one-level compound is：40~50 μm of granularity, SiO2Content 0.02%~
0.15%th, Fe2O3Content 0.03%~0.06%, Na2O content 0.5%~0.7%, C0.05%~0.1%, calcination 0.8%~
1.2%th, fluorination salt additives total amount sum is not more than 10%.
The step（3）The dispensing quality standard of middle one-level compound is：45 μm of granularity, SiO2Content 0.08%, Fe2O3
Content 0.05%, Na2O content 0.6%, C0.08%, calcination 1%, fluorination salt additives total amount sum are not more than 10%.
The step（4）In the dispensing quality standards of two grades of compounds be：40~150 μm of granularity, SiO2Content 0.02%
~0.96%, Fe2O3Content 0.03%~0.48%, Na2O content 0.5%~3.84%, calcination 0.8%~4.8%.
The step（4）In the dispensing quality standards of two grades of compounds be：95 μm of granularity, SiO2Content 0.49%, Fe2O3
Content 0.25%, Na2O content 2.17%, calcination 2.8%.
The step（2）In production electrolytic bath Inner electrolysis matter ingredient standard be：Molecular proportion is that 1.9~2.8, aluminum oxide contains
Amount 2~8%, calcirm-fluoride or magnesium fluoride are 3~6%, SiO2+Fe2O3Content 0.5%, SO4Content 1.5%, H2O content 1.3%,
P2O5Content 0.05%, fluorination salt additives total amount sum are not more than 10%.
The step（4）In the material rejected after crushed of impurity B and residue B be high Fe contained material, reclaim together
It is used as the raw material of ironmaking.
The step（3）、（4）In dispensing refer to according to dispensing quality standard to just material in each composition supplemented or
Reduce.
The step（3）Middle one-level compound is sent directly into electrolytic cell, or passes through dense phase and fresh aluminum oxide
Groove feeding box is squeezed into together, is sent at regular time and quantity in electrolytic cell by blanking cylinder；The one-level compound and new aluminum oxide
Dispensing ratio using the fluoride salt in one-level compound and other impurity contents as foundation, with reference to production electrolytic cell in actual contents contain
Amount ratio, electrolyte molecule ratio, carry out dynamic proportion dispensing.
The step（4）In two grades of compounds by dense phase add overhead traveling crane hopper, pass through the blanking system of overhead traveling crane hopper
Two grades of compounds are returned into electrolytic cell locally to use.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The clean manufacturing of electrolytic aluminium is realized, the yield of electrolytic aluminium is improved, electrolysis is reduced
The production cost of aluminium, is effectively utilized and stops groove maintenance prepurging and change the waste material produced during anode, and clear suctioning out, two-maing ladle
The waste material that reason, calcining, casting transport, Recovery Purifying link are produced, it is to avoid given up using techniques such as flotation, chemical reducing agents
The secondary environmental pollution that thing is caused when reclaiming.As the equipment electrolytic cell that Aluminum Electrolysis Production is main, be determine production aluminium during
Resource, the key equipment of the energy can be utilized to greatest extent effective and reasonablely.Therefore in assessment for cleaner production, by where electrolytic cell
Workshop be placed on the examination ＆ verification emphasis of clean manufacturing.The recycling of discarded object during Aluminum Electrolysis Production is not only reduced
Pollution to environment, realizes clean manufacturing, certain economic benefit is also brought for enterprise.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is process chart of the invention；
Embodiment
In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, make further details of retouch to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples
State, but do not constitute limiting the scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 for the present invention process chart, as shown in figure 1, the present invention be a kind of electrolytic aluminium process for cleanly preparing, be with
Molten cryolitic is electrolyte with aluminum oxide therein is dissolved in, and carbon materials is the two poles of the earth, is passed through after direct current two in electrolytic cell
Extremely upper to occur electrochemical reaction, the fluorinated alumina obtained after the purified recovery of anodic gas that anode is produced puts into electricity again
It is electrolysed in solution groove, the aluminium liquid that negative electrode is obtained is purified, casting obtains aluminium ingot, it is characterised in that：Groove maintenance prepurging will be stopped
Waste material and change the anode block attachment waste material obtained during anode, and suctioning out, cleaning of two-maing ladle, calcining, cast and transport, purify back
The waste material progress classification recovery that link is produced is received, screens, process after chemical examination, final input electrolytic cell interior circulation utilization；It is described
Waste material classification recycling mainly include the following steps that：
（1）The classification of waste material：The waste material classification that electrolytic cell is stopped into groove maintenance prepurging and produced when changing anode obtains waste material
A, waste material B, waste material C, waste material D, anode anode scrap, scrap negative electrode, will suction out, cleaning of two-maing ladle, calcining, casting transport, Recovery Purifying
The waste material that link is produced, which is concentrated in together, obtains waste material E；The waste material A is the waste material that main component is aluminium, based on the waste material B
It is Na to want composition3AlF6Waste material, the waste material C is that the main component on groove madial wall is Al2O3Waste material, the waste material D is
Main component is Al above anode2O3Waste material；
（2）Waste material A, waste material B and waste material E chemical examination, screening：Waste material A, waste material B and waste material E are chemically examined, content is not
It is considered as qualified waste material more than the waste material in production electrolytic bath Inner electrolysis matter ingredient standard, it is on the contrary then be unqualified waste material；
It is in production electrolytic bath Inner electrolysis matter ingredient standard：Molecular proportion is 1.9~2.8, alumina content 2~8%, fluorination
Calcium or magnesium fluoride are 3~6%, SiO2+Fe2O3Content 0.5%, SO4Content 1.5%, H2O content 1.3%, P2O5Content
0.05%th, fluorination salt additives total amount sum is not more than 10%；
（3）Waste material C screening and utilization：By step（2）In unqualified waste material screened with waste material C mixing, reject
Particle diameter >=5cm main component is fe and Fe2O3Impurity A after crushed, screen out the main component list of particle diameter >=50 μm
The residue A of matter iron obtains the first material that granularity is 40~50 μm, after chemical examination and dispensing, with step（2）In qualified waste material mixing
Send into electrolytic cell and use as one-level compound；
Dispensing standard is the quality standard of one-level compound：40~50 μm of granularity, SiO2Content 0.02%~0.15%,
Fe2O3Content 0.03%~0.06%, Na2O content 0.5%~0.7%, C0.05%~0.1%, calcination 0.8%~1.2%,
Fluorination salt additives total amount sum is not more than 10%；
One-level compound can squeeze into groove feeding box together by dense phase and fresh aluminum oxide, pass through the timing of blanking cylinder
Quantitatively in input electrolytic cell；Also it can direct plunge into and be produced in groove；The dispensing ratio of one-level compound and new aluminum oxide is with one
Fluoride salt and other impurity contents in level compound are foundation, with reference to actual contents content ratio, electrolyte in production electrolytic cell
Molecular proportion, carries out dynamic proportion dispensing；
（4）Waste material D and anode anode scrap screening and utilization：By anode anode scrap through clear up isolated qualified anode anode scrap and
Main component is Al2O3Waste slag of electrolytic aluminium, qualified anode anode scrap is crushed to particle diameter for 40~80mm, then be crushed to particle diameter≤
12mm, gains return to anode production technology flow；By waste slag of electrolytic aluminium and waste material D and step（3）In impurity A be mixed into
After row is crushed to 3cm~7cm and rejects particle diameter >=7cm main component for the impurity B of fe, with step（3）In residue A
Mixing, is crushed and is rejected the residue B of particle diameter >=150 μm, and it is 40~150 μm of first material to obtain granularity, and through chemically examining and matching somebody with somebody
Two grades of compounds are obtained after material, then gains after the repeated crushing of residue B, rejecting, chemical examination and dispensing are added into two grades of compounds
In, two grades of compounds are sent into electrolytic cell and used；
Dispensing standard is the quality standard of two grades of compounds：40~150 μm of granularity, SiO2Content 0.02%~0.96%,
Fe2O3Content 0.03%~0.48%, Na2O content 0.5%~3.84%, calcination 0.8%~4.8%；
Two grades of compounds add overhead traveling crane hopper by dense phase, are returned two grades of compounds by the blanking system of overhead traveling crane hopper
Electrolytic cell is returned locally to use；
Impurity B is high Fe contained material with the residue B materials rejected after crushed, and it is reclaimed to the original as ironmaking together
Material；
（5）Anode anode scrap, the screening and utilization for scrapping negative electrode：Negative electrode and/or step will be scrapped（4）In the sun that does not use
Pole anode scrap mixing is crushed to particle diameter for 40~80mm, then is crushed to particle diameter to deliver to alumina producing as fuel after 6~15mm
Flow heat supply electric boiler is used, or is crushed to particle diameter to carry out in advance the electrolytic cell after overhaul as prebake char particle after 1~5mm
Roasting is used.
Embodiment 1
（1）The classification of waste material：The waste material classification that electrolytic cell is stopped into groove maintenance prepurging and produced when changing anode obtains waste material A
（Main component is aluminium）, waste material B（Main component is Na3AlF6）, waste material C（On groove madial wall, main component be Al2O3）, it is useless
Expect D（Above anode, main component be Al2O3）, anode anode scrap, scrap negative electrode, will suction out, cleaning of two-maing ladle, calcining, casting fortune
The waste material that defeated, Recovery Purifying link is produced, which is concentrated in together, obtains waste material E；
（2）Waste material A, waste material B and waste material E chemical examination, screening：Waste material A, waste material B and waste material E are chemically examined, content is not
It is considered as qualified waste material more than the waste material in production electrolytic bath Inner electrolysis matter ingredient standard, it is on the contrary then be unqualified waste material；In electricity production
Solving groove groove Inner electrolysis matter ingredient standard is：Molecular proportion is that 1.9~2.8, alumina content 2~8%, calcirm-fluoride or magnesium fluoride are 3
~6%, SiO2+Fe2O3Content 0.5%, SO4Content 1.5%, H2O content 1.3%, P2O5Content 0.05%, fluorination salt additives
Total amount sum is not more than 10%；
（3）Waste material C screening and utilization：By step（2）In unqualified waste material screened with waste material C mixing, reject
Particle diameter >=5cm main component is fe and Fe2O3Impurity A after crushed, screen out the main component list of particle diameter >=50 μm
The residue A of matter iron obtains the first material that granularity is 40~50 μm, after chemical examination and dispensing, with step（2）In qualified waste material mixing
Send into electrolytic cell and use as one-level compound；One-level compound can squeeze into groove together by dense phase and fresh aluminum oxide
Feeding box, is put into electrolytic cell at regular time and quantity by blanking cylinder；The dispensing ratio of one-level compound and new aluminum oxide is with one-level
Fluoride salt and other impurity contents in compound are foundation, with reference to actual contents content ratio, electrolyte point in production electrolytic cell
Son ratio, carries out dynamic proportion dispensing；
Dispensing standard is the quality standard of one-level compound：40 μm of granularity, SiO2Content 0.02%, Fe2O3Content
0.03%th, Na2O content 0.5%, C0.05%, calcination 1.2%, fluorination salt additives total amount sum are not more than 10%；
（4）Waste material D and anode anode scrap screening and utilization：By anode anode scrap through clear up isolated qualified anode anode scrap and
Main component is Al2O3Waste slag of electrolytic aluminium, qualified anode anode scrap is crushed to particle diameter for 40~80mm, then be crushed to particle diameter≤
12mm, gains return to anode production technology flow；By waste slag of electrolytic aluminium and waste material D and step（3）In impurity A be mixed into
After row is crushed to 3cm~7cm and rejects particle diameter >=7cm main component for the impurity B of fe, with step（3）In residue A
Mixing, is crushed and is rejected the residue B of particle diameter >=150 μm, and it is 40~150 μm of first material to obtain granularity, and through chemically examining and matching somebody with somebody
Two grades of compounds are obtained after material, then gains after the repeated crushing of residue B, rejecting, chemical examination and dispensing are added into two grades of compounds
In, two grades of compounds are sent into electrolytic cell and used；Two grades of compounds add overhead traveling crane hopper by dense phase, pass through overhead traveling crane hopper
Blanking system two grades of compounds returned into electrolytic cells locally used；Impurity B contains with the residue B materials rejected after crushed for height
Iron material, it is reclaimed together the raw material as ironmaking；
Dispensing standard is the quality standard of two grades of compounds：40 μm of granularity, SiO2Content 0.02%, Fe2O3Content
0.03%th, Na2O content 0.5%, calcination 0.8%；
（5）Anode anode scrap, the screening and utilization for scrapping negative electrode：Negative electrode mixing will be scrapped and be crushed to particle diameter for 40mm, then powder
It is broken to particle diameter to use to deliver to alumina producing flow heat supply electric boiler as fuel after 6mm, or is crushed to particle diameter for after 1mm
Prebake is carried out as prebake char particle to the electrolytic cell after overhaul to use.
Embodiment 2
Step be the same as Example 1.
In step（3）Middle direct plunge into one-level compound in groove is produced；Dispensing standard is the matter of one-level compound
Amount standard is：50 μm of granularity, SiO2Content 0.15%, Fe2O3Content 0.06%, Na2O content 0.7%, C0.1%, calcination
1.2%th, fluorination salt additives total amount sum is not more than 10%.
In step（4）Middle dispensing standard is the quality standard of two grades of compounds：150 μm of granularity, SiO2Content 0.96%,
Fe2O3Content 0.48%, Na2O content 3.84%, calcination 4.8%.
In step（5）It is middle by step（4）In the anode anode scrap mixing that does not use be crushed to particle diameter for 80mm, then be crushed to
Particle diameter uses to deliver to alumina producing flow heat supply electric boiler as fuel after 15mm, or is crushed to particle diameter after 6mm to make
Prebake is carried out for prebake char particle to the electrolytic cell after overhaul to use.
Embodiment 3
Step be the same as Example 1.
In step（3）Middle direct plunge into one-level compound in groove is produced；Dispensing standard is the matter of one-level compound
Amount standard is：45 μm of granularity, SiO2Content 0.08%, Fe2O3Content 0.05%, Na2O content 0.6%, C0.08%, calcination
1%th, fluorination salt additives total amount sum is not more than 10%.
In step（4）Middle dispensing standard is the quality standard of two grades of compounds：95 μm of granularity granularity, SiO2Content
0.49%th, Fe2O3Content 0.25%, Na2O content 2.17%, calcination 2.8%.
In step（5）In will scrap negative electrode and step（4）In the anode anode scrap mixing that does not use be crushed to particle diameter and be
40mm, then be crushed to particle diameter and used to deliver to alumina producing flow heat supply electric boiler as fuel after 6mm, or it is crushed to grain
Footpath uses to carry out prebake to the electrolytic cell after overhaul as prebake char particle after 1mm.
Embodiment 4
Step be the same as Example 1.
In step（3）Middle direct plunge into one-level compound in groove is produced；Dispensing standard is the matter of one-level compound
Amount standard is：43 μm of granularity, SiO2Content 0.06%%, Fe2O3Content 0.04%%, Na2O content 0.55%, C0.07%, burn
Burn 0.9%, fluorination salt additives total amount sum and be not more than 10%.
In step（4）Middle dispensing standard is the quality standard of two grades of compounds：60 μm of granularity, SiO2Content 0.24%,
Fe2O3Content 0.18%, Na2O content 1.7%, calcination 1.8%.
In step（5）In will scrap negative electrode and step（4）In the anode anode scrap mixing that does not use be crushed to particle diameter and be
50mm, then be crushed to particle diameter and used to deliver to alumina producing flow heat supply electric boiler as fuel after 9mm, or it is crushed to grain
Footpath uses to carry out prebake to the electrolytic cell after overhaul as prebake char particle after 2mm.
Embodiment 5
Step be the same as Example 1.
In step（3）Middle dispensing standard is that the quality standard of one-level compound is：47 μm of granularity, SiO2Content 0.11%,
Fe2O3Content 0.05%, Na2O content 0.65%, C0.08%, calcination 1.1%, fluorination salt additives total amount sum are not more than
10%.
In step（4）Middle dispensing standard is the quality standard of two grades of compounds：120 μm of granularity, SiO2Content 0.72%,
Fe2O3Content 0.32%, Na2O content 2.9%, calcination 3.8%.
In step（5）In will scrap negative electrode and step（4）In the anode anode scrap mixing that does not use be crushed to particle diameter and be
70mm, then be crushed to particle diameter and used to deliver to alumina producing flow heat supply electric boiler as fuel after 12mm, or be crushed to
Particle diameter uses to carry out prebake to the electrolytic cell after overhaul as prebake char particle after 4mm.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of electrolytic aluminium process for cleanly preparing is using molten cryolitic and is dissolved in aluminum oxide therein as electrolyte, carbon material
Expect for the two poles of the earth, to be passed through after direct current and occur electrochemical reaction on the two poles of the earth in electrolytic cell, the anodic gas that anode is produced is purified
The fluorinated alumina obtained after recovery is put into electrolytic cell again to be electrolysed, and the aluminium liquid that negative electrode is obtained is purified, cast
To aluminium ingot, it is characterised in that：The anode block obtained during by the waste material and replacing anode that stop groove maintenance prepurging adheres to waste material, Yi Ji
Suction out, cleaning of two-maing ladle, calcining, casting transport, Recovery Purifying link produce waste material carry out classification recovery, after chemical examination screening,
Processing, final input electrolytic cell interior circulation is utilized；Described waste material classification recycling is mainly included the following steps that：
（1）The classification of waste material：The waste material classification that electrolytic cell is stopped into groove maintenance prepurging and produced when changing anode obtains waste material A, given up
Material B, waste material C, waste material D, anode anode scrap, scrap negative electrode, will suction out, cleaning of two-maing ladle, calcining, cast transport, Recovery Purifying link
The waste material of generation, which is concentrated in together, obtains waste material E；The waste material A is the waste material that main component is aluminium, the waste material B for it is main into
It is divided into Na3AlF6Waste material, the waste material C is that the main component on groove madial wall is Al2O3Waste material, the waste material D be anode
Top main component is Al2O3Waste material；
（2）Waste material A, waste material B and waste material E chemical examination, screening：Waste material A, waste material B and waste material E are chemically examined, content is no more than
It is considered as qualified waste material in the waste material of production electrolytic bath Inner electrolysis matter ingredient standard, it is on the contrary then be unqualified waste material；
（3）Waste material C screening and utilization：By step（2）In unqualified waste material screened with waste material C mixing, reject particle diameter
>=5cm main component is fe and Fe2O3Impurity A after crushed, screen out the main component fe of particle diameter >=50 μm
Residue A to obtain granularity be 40~50 μm of first material, after chemical examination and dispensing, with step（2）In qualified waste material mixing conduct
Used in one-level compound feeding electrolytic cell；
（4）Waste material D and anode anode scrap screening and utilization：By anode anode scrap through the isolated qualified anode anode scrap of cleaning and mainly
Composition is Al2O3Waste slag of electrolytic aluminium, qualified anode anode scrap is crushed to particle diameter for 40~80mm, then be crushed to particle diameter≤12mm,
Gains return to anode production technology flow；By waste slag of electrolytic aluminium and waste material D and step（3）In impurity A mixing broken
After being broken to 3cm~7cm and rejecting particle diameter >=7cm main component for the impurity B of fe, with step（3）In residue A mix
Close, crushed and rejected the residue B of particle diameter >=150 μm, it is 40~150 μm of first material to obtain granularity, and through chemically examining and dispensing
After obtain two grades of compounds, then by residue B it is repeated crush, reject, gains are added in two grades of compounds after chemical examination and dispensing,
Two grades of compounds are sent into electrolytic cell and used；
（5）Anode anode scrap, the screening and utilization for scrapping negative electrode：Negative electrode and/or step will be scrapped（4）In the anode that does not use it is residual
Pole mixing is crushed to particle diameter for 40~80mm, then is crushed to particle diameter to deliver to alumina producing flow as fuel after 6~15mm
Heat supply electric boiler is used, or is crushed to particle diameter to make the electrolytic cell progress prebake after overhaul as prebake char particle after 1~5mm
With.
2. a kind of electrolytic aluminium process for cleanly preparing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（3）Middle one-level
The dispensing quality standard of compound is：40~50 μm of granularity, SiO2Content 0.02%~0.15%, Fe2O3Content 0.03%~
0.06%th, Na2O content 0.5%~0.7%, C0.05%~0.1%, calcination 0.8%~1.2%, fluorination salt additives total amount
Sum is not more than 10%.
3. a kind of electrolytic aluminium process for cleanly preparing according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The step（3）Middle one-level
The dispensing quality standard of compound is：45 μm of granularity, SiO2Content 0.08%, Fe2O3Content 0.05%, Na2O content 0.6%,
C0.08%, calcination 1%, fluorination salt additives total amount sum are not more than 10%.
4. a kind of electrolytic aluminium process for cleanly preparing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（4）In two grades
The dispensing quality standard of compound is：40~150 μm of granularity, SiO2Content 0.02%~0.96%, Fe2O3Content 0.03%~
0.48%th, Na2O content 0.5%~3.84%, calcination 0.8%~4.8%.
5. a kind of electrolytic aluminium process for cleanly preparing according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The step（4）In two grades
The dispensing quality standard of compound is：95 μm of granularity, SiO2Content 0.49%, Fe2O3Content 0.25%, Na2O content 2.17%,
Calcination 2.8%.
6. a kind of electrolytic aluminium process for cleanly preparing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（2）In production
Electrolytic bath Inner electrolysis matter ingredient standard is：Molecular proportion is that 1.9~2.8, alumina content 2~8%, calcirm-fluoride or magnesium fluoride are
3~6%, SiO2+Fe2O3Content 0.5%, SO4Content 1.5%, H2O content 1.3%, P2O5Content 0.05%, fluoride salt addition
Agent total amount sum is not more than 10%.
7. a kind of electrolytic aluminium process for cleanly preparing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（4）In it is miscellaneous
The material that matter B and residue B is rejected after crushed is high Fe contained material, and the raw material as ironmaking is reclaimed together.
8. a kind of electrolytic aluminium process for cleanly preparing according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The step（3）、（4）In
Dispensing refer to according to dispensing quality standard to just material in each composition supplemented or reduced.
9. according to a kind of any described electrolytic aluminium process for cleanly preparing of claim 1~8, it is characterised in that：The step（3）
Middle one-level compound is sent directly into electrolytic cell, or squeezes into groove feeding box together by dense phase and fresh aluminum oxide, is led to
Blanking cylinder is crossed to send into electrolytic cell at regular time and quantity；The dispensing ratio of the one-level compound and new aluminum oxide is with one-level compound
In fluoride salt and other impurity contents be foundation, with reference to production electrolytic cell in actual contents content ratio, electrolyte molecule ratio, enter
Mobile state ratio is delivered.
10. a kind of electrolytic aluminium process for cleanly preparing according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：The step（4）In two grades
Compound adds overhead traveling crane hopper by dense phase, and two grades of compounds are returned into electrolytic cell part by the blanking system of overhead traveling crane hopper
Use.
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| CN104141153B (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2016-05-04 | 郑州发祥铝业有限公司 | A kind of processing method of electrolytic cell carbon slag |
| CN104878410B (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2017-07-28 | 湖南创元铝业有限公司 | Electrolytic aluminum anode scrap crust material comprehensive reutilization method |
| NO341751B1 (en) * | 2016-06-09 | 2018-01-15 | Bjoerseth Knut Erik | Method and device for recycling of dust accumulations in connection with electrolytic production of aluminium |
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