CN103084757A - High-tenacity low-hydrogen alkaline welding rod and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-tenacity low-hydrogen alkaline welding rod and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-tenacity low-hydrogen alkaline welding rod which comprises a coating and a welding core, wherein the coating comprises, by weight, 38%-44% of marble, 20%-25% of fluorite, 3%-5% of zircon sand, 1%-5% of ferrosilicon, 10%-15% of ferrotitanium, 5%-7% of mid-carbon ferromanganese, 2%-4% of titanium dioxide, 3%-6% of mica, 1.5%-2% of microcrystalline fiber, 1.2%-1.8% of nickel powder, and 1%-1.5% of misch metal, wherein sum of weight percentages of all components is 100%. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the high-tenacity low-hydrogen alkaline welding rod. The preparation method of the high-tenacity low-hydrogen alkaline welding rod includes the steps: enabling coating materials and K-Na mixing water glass to be mixed, crushing the mixture into a power ball with a cylindrical shape, putting the power ball into a pressing coating machine, coating the power ball with the cylindrical shape on a H08A welding core to form the welding rod, and then grinding the head and the tail and getting the high-tenacity low-hydrogen alkaline welding rod after drying. When the high-tenacity low-hydrogen alkaline welding rod is used for welding high-strength steel, no preheating is needed before welding, no heat treatment is needed after welding, content of diffusible hydrogen of deposited metal is controlled effectively, and the preparation method is simple.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the materials processing technology field, relate to a kind of high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode, the invention still further relates to the preparation method of this high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode.
Background technology
Along with the development of modern industrial technology, the application of high-strength steel is increasingly extensive, and its Welding Problems is also more aobvious outstanding.As everyone knows, the steel that intensity is higher, its toughness deposit is lower, and hydrogen induced cracking sensitiveness also increases thereupon.The existing welding rod that is used for welding high-strength steel needs high-strength steel preheating and post weld heat treatment before welding, to reduce the diffusible hydrogen in welding residual stress and weld metal, has extended the manufacturing cycle like this, has increased cost, and has increased workman's labour intensity.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode, having solved existing welding rod need be to the problem of high-strength steel preheating and post weld heat treatment before welding.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is that high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode comprises coating and core wire, coating is comprised of following material by weight percentage: marble 38%～44%, fluorite 20%～25%, zircon sand 3%～5%, ferrosilicon 1%～5%, ferrotianium 10%～15%, mid-carbon fe-mn 5%～7%, titanium dioxide 2%～4%, mica 3%～6%, microcrystalline cellulose 1.5%～2%, nickel powder 1.2%～1.8%, mishmetal 1%～1.5%, the percentage by weight sum of above each component is 100%.
Characteristics of the present invention also are,
Wherein mishmetal comprises 20% yittrium oxide, 20% cerium oxide and 60% lanthana.
Another technical scheme of the present invention is, the preparation method of above-mentioned high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode, and concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1, take respectively by weight percentage marble 38%～44%, fluorite 20%～25%, zircon sand 3%～5%, ferrosilicon 1%～5%, ferrotianium 10%～15%, mid-carbon fe-mn 5%～7%, titanium dioxide 2%～4%, mica 3%～6%, microcrystalline cellulose 1.5%～2%, nickel powder 1.2%～1.8%, mishmetal 1%～1.5%, the percentage by weight sum of above each component is 100%, above-mentioned coating material and potassium sodium mixing water glass are put into batch mixer together mix, then mixed medicinal powder is put into balling press and be pressed into cylindrical medicine group;
Step 2 is put into extrusion press with the cylindrical powder ball that step 1 makes, and cylindrical powder ball extrusion is made welding rod on the H08A core wire, the welding rod of making is put into batch-type furnace dry, and namely obtains high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode.
Characteristics of the present invention also are,
In step 1, the weight ratio of coating material and potassium sodium mixing water glass is 3～3.5:1.
In step 1, coating material and potassium sodium mixing water glass incorporation time in batch mixer are 10～20min.
In step 2, oven dry is with 60 ℃ of low temperature, and drying time is 8h, and high temperature of 120 DEG C, 180 ℃, 250 ℃ and 350 ℃ dries by the fire respectively 1h, and five temperature sections carry out the cascade raising temperature oven dry.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, during high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode welding high-strength steel of the present invention, need not preheating before weldering, postwelding need not heat treatment; The welding rod stabilising arc is functional, the molten bath good fluidity, and the particle that splashes is tiny, and postwelding easily takes off slag, and slag covers evenly, and appearance of weld is careful attractive in appearance, pore-free; The deposited metal diffusible hydrogen content has obtained effective control, and its preparation method is simple.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the metallographic structure figure at weld seam center after the welding rod welding X80 steel plate of the embodiment of the present invention 1 preparation;
Fig. 2 is the metallographic structure figure at weld seam center after the welding rod welding X80 steel plate of the embodiment of the present invention 2 preparation;
Fig. 3 is the metallographic structure figure at weld seam center after the welding rod welding X80 steel plate of the embodiment of the present invention 3 preparation.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
High tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode of the present invention comprises coating and core wire, and coating is comprised of following material by weight percentage: marble 38%～44%, fluorite 20%～25%, zircon sand 3%～5%, ferrosilicon 1%～5%, ferrotianium 10%～15%, mid-carbon fe-mn 5%～7%, titanium dioxide 2%～4%, mica 3%～6%, microcrystalline cellulose 1.5%～2%, nickel powder 1.2%～1.8%, mishmetal 1%～1.5%, the percentage by weight sum of above each component is 100%.
Wherein mishmetal comprises 20% yittrium oxide, 20% cerium oxide, 60% lanthana.
The preparation method of above-mentioned high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode, concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1, take respectively by weight percentage marble 38%～44%, fluorite 20%～25%, zircon sand 3%～5%, ferrosilicon 1%～5%, ferrotianium 10%～15%, mid-carbon fe-mn 5%～7%, titanium dioxide 2%～4%, mica 3%～6%, microcrystalline cellulose 1.5%～2%, nickel powder 1.2%～1.8%, mishmetal 1%～1.5%, the percentage by weight sum of above each component is 100%, above-mentioned coating material and potassium sodium mixing water glass are put into batch mixer together with 3～3.5:1 weight ratio mix 10～20min, then mixed medicinal powder is put into balling press and be pressed into cylindrical medicine group;
Step 2, the cylindrical powder ball that step 1 makes is put into extrusion press, cylindrical powder ball extrusion is made welding rod on the H08A core wire, the welding rod of making is put into batch-type furnace with 60 ℃ of low temperature, drying time is 8h, and high temperature of 120 DEG C, 180 ℃, 250 ℃ and 350 ℃ dries by the fire respectively 1h, five temperature sections carry out the cascade raising temperature oven dry, namely obtain high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode.
The effect of each component in coating:
Marmorean main chemical compositions is CaCO
3, the Main Function in electrode coating is slag making and gas making, the CaO that marble decomposites can stable arc, and good desulphurizing ability is arranged again.
The main chemical compositions of fluorite is CaF
2, its fusing point is lower, has the effect of dilution slag, can reduce the fusing point of slag, thereby improves electric conductivity and the mobility of slag, CaF
2Decomposition reaction occurs in welding, in [F] seizure slag that generates, reduction reaction produces [O], suppress [O] transition in the deposited metal, thereby [O] oxygen content in the reduction deposited metal, and reduced [H] dividing potential drop in the arc atmosphere, improved plasticity and toughness and the welding technological properties of weld seam.
The main chemical compositions of zircon sand is ZrO
2, fusing point is 2715 ℃, has two kinds of variants, and a kind of is monoclinic crystal stable below 1000 ℃, and another kind is quadratic crystal stable during higher than 1000 ℃.When being another kind of crystal by a kind of crystalline transformation, approximately 7% variation occurs in volume, utilizes this performance can improve the deslag performance of solder flux, is conducive to take off slag.
Ferrotianium, ferrosilicon and ferromanganese are the deoxidiers of commonly using, and also play the effect of alloying.
Ferrotianium is main deoxidier, the product TiO after deoxidation
2Certain shoddye effect is arranged, be conducive to improve the usability of electrode energy.
Ferrosilicon adopts low ferrosilicon usually, si content approximately 45%, and general ferrosilicon consumption is less than 5%.Low ferrosilicon extrusion performance is good, and in oven dry welding rod process, coating generally can not bubble.
Ferromanganese is mid-carbon fe-mn, and chemical composition consists of 82%Mn, 1.5%Si, all the other are Fe.Ferromanganese has deoxidation, and the heat that discharges in deoxidation process can replenish the heat that divides heat of desorption that the molten bath is reduced because of marble, and Mn infiltrates in weld seam as alloying constituent can improve the weld joint mechanical performance.
The main chemical compositions of titanium dioxide is TiO
2, its effect is stabilising arc, makes the molten bath tranquil, splashes less; Form short slag, make weld ripples careful; Can be combined into titanate with iron oxide enters slag and plays deoxidation; The plasticity, the viscosity that strengthen coating make welding rod be easy to extrusion.
The main chemical compositions of mica is Al
2O
3NH
2O and SiO
2Main Function is extrusion performance and the slag making that improves coating, helps to improve arc-stabilising, and mica powder is a kind of high crystallization water alumino-silicate, it does not slough the crystallization water substantially when 350 ℃ of welding rod drying temperature, just slough the crystallization water during since 500 ℃, and limited amount, so just guaranteed again in the process of welding rod fusing, all can make coating have higher residual moisture, thereby reach the purpose of eliminating pore, simultaneously due to the even release of the crystallization water, guaranteed the stability of welding procedure.
Microcrystalline cellulose is a kind of pure cellulose depolymerization product, is good combustion-supporting material, has good combustion-supporting characteristic and strengthens blow force of arc and the restarting performance of welding rod.
Mishmetal can significantly improve the low-temperature impact toughness of weld metal.Because rare earth reacts with sulphur, oxygen in the Welding Metallurgy process, can produce rare-earth sulfide, rare earth oxide and rare-earth oxide sulfate, float on major part in slag, effectively purified weld seam; Can significantly improve weld structure, crystal grain thinning increases acicular ferrite quantity; Can obviously improve the form size of field trash in weld metal and distribute, the amount of inclusions being reduced, size reduction.
Nickel is weak alloying element, and in the whole cooling velocity scope of weld metal, Ni can make phase transition temperature reduce, and makes side plate bar iron element not begin transition temperature to reduce degree and obviously begin the reduction of transition temperature greater than AF; In addition, Ni can reduce dislocation motion drag and dislocation and the interstitial element reciprocation energy in dot matrix, promotes stress relaxation, thereby reduces the brittle fracture tendency.
Embodiment 1
Step 1 takes respectively the 42g marble according to mass percent, the 18g fluorite, the 4g titanium dioxide, 3g zircon sand, 13g ferrotianium, the 5g mid-carbon fe-mn, the 4g ferrosilicon, 6g mica, 1.5g nickel powder, 1.5g rare earth, the 2g microcrystalline cellulose is put into batch mixer mixing 15min together with above-mentioned coating material and 31g potassium sodium mixing water glass, then mixed medicinal powder is put into balling press and is pressed into cylindrical medicine group;
Step 2, the cylindrical powder ball that step 1 makes is put into extrusion press, then cylindrical powder ball extrusion is made welding rod on the H08A core wire, at last the welding rod of making is put into batch-type furnace with 60 ℃ of low temperature, drying time is 8h, and high temperature of 120 DEG C, 180 ℃, 250 ℃ and 350 ℃ dries by the fire respectively 1h, five temperature sections carry out the cascade raising temperature oven dry, namely obtain high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode.
The high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode welding X80 steel plate that utilizes embodiment 1 to make, specification is 170mm * 100mm * 15mm, welding condition is as shown in table 1, interlayer temperature is controlled at 200 ℃ ± 15 ℃, before weldering, welding rod is heated to 350 ℃, is incubated 2 hours, then 150 ℃ of insulations, ready access upon use; Steel plate is docked built-up welding, till being soldered to double groove and filling up.
Table 1 welding condition
The processing performance of the high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode that table 2 embodiment 1 makes and the mechanical property of welding point
The diffusible hydrogen content (ml/100g) of the high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode deposited metal that table 3 embodiment 1 makes
| Sample | №1 | №2 | №3 | Mean value |
| Content | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 4.2 |
Welded Joints carries out the metallographic experiment, the metallographic structure of weld seam center as shown in Figure 1, it is main that welding point has the interlaced acicular ferrite of obvious basketry and irregular granular ferrite and granular bainite, and a small amount of point-like carbide and round pearlite intercrystalline precipitation are arranged.
Embodiment 2
Step 1 takes respectively the 43g marble according to mass percent, the 20g fluorite, the 4g titanium dioxide, 3g zircon sand, 10g ferrotianium, the 6g mid-carbon fe-mn, the 3g ferrosilicon, 6g mica, 1.2g nickel powder, 1.8g rare earth, the 2g microcrystalline cellulose is put into batch mixer mixing 20min together with above-mentioned coating material and 29g potassium sodium mixing water glass, then mixed medicinal powder is put into balling press and is pressed into cylindrical medicine group;
Step 2, the cylindrical powder ball that step 1 makes is put into extrusion press, then cylindrical powder ball extrusion is made welding rod on the H08A core wire, at last the welding rod of making is put into batch-type furnace with 60 ℃ of low temperature, drying time is 8h, and high temperature of 120 DEG C, 180 ℃, 250 ℃ and 350 ℃ dries by the fire respectively 1h, five temperature sections carry out the cascade raising temperature oven dry, namely obtain high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode.
The high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode welding X80 steel plate that utilizes embodiment 2 to make, welding condition is identical with embodiment 1.
The processing performance of the high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode that table 4 embodiment 2 makes and the mechanical property of welding point
The diffusible hydrogen content (ml/100g) of the high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode deposited metal that table 5 embodiment 2 makes
| Sample | №1 | №2 | №3 | Mean value |
| Content | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.0 |
Welded Joints carries out metallographic experiment, weld seam center metallographic structure as shown in Figure 2, welding point is take acicular ferrite and granular bainite as main, and has a small amount of ferrite side plate, point-like carbide and round pearlite to separate out.
Embodiment 3
Step 1 takes respectively the 44g marble according to mass percent, the 20g fluorite, the 4g titanium dioxide, 3g zircon sand, 12g ferrotianium, the 5g mid-carbon fe-mn, the 1g ferrosilicon, 6g mica, 1.3g nickel powder, 1.7g rare earth, the 2g microcrystalline cellulose is put into batch mixer mixing 20min together with above-mentioned coating material and 33g potassium sodium mixing water glass, then mixed medicinal powder is put into balling press and is pressed into cylindrical medicine group;
Step 2, the cylindrical powder ball that step 1 makes is put into extrusion press, then cylindrical powder ball extrusion is made welding rod on the H08A core wire, at last the welding rod of making is put into batch-type furnace with 60 ℃ of low temperature, drying time is 8h, and high temperature of 120 DEG C, 180 ℃, 250 ℃ and 350 ℃ dries by the fire respectively 1h, five temperature sections carry out the cascade raising temperature oven dry, namely obtain high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode.
The high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode welding X80 steel plate that utilizes embodiment 3 to make, welding condition is identical with embodiment 1.
The processing performance of the high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode that table 6 embodiment 3 makes and the mechanical property of welding point
The diffusible hydrogen content (ml/100g) of the high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode deposited metal that table 7 embodiment 3 makes
| Sample | №1 | №2 | №3 | Mean value |
| Content | 3.8 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.8 |
Welded Joints carries out the metallographic experiment, the metallographic structure of weld seam center as shown in Figure 3, welding point is almost to be made of the interlaced acicular ferrite of basketry and granular bainite entirely, with minute quantity strip and block ferrite and have a small amount of point-like carbide and pearlite to separate out.
During high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode welding high-strength steel of the present invention, need not preheating before weldering, postwelding need not heat treatment; The welding rod stabilising arc is functional, the molten bath good fluidity, and the particle that splashes is tiny, and postwelding easily takes off slag, and slag covers evenly, and appearance of weld is careful attractive in appearance, pore-free; The deposited metal diffusible hydrogen content has obtained effective control, and its preparation method is simple.
Claims (6)
1. high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode, is characterized in that, comprises coating and core wire, described coating is comprised of following material by weight percentage: marble 38%～44%, fluorite 20%～25%, zircon sand 3%～5%, ferrosilicon 1%～5%, ferrotianium 10%～15%, mid-carbon fe-mn 5%～7%, titanium dioxide 2%～4%, mica 3%～6%, microcrystalline cellulose 1.5%～2%, nickel powder 1.2%～1.8%, mishmetal 1%～1.5%, the percentage by weight sum of above each component is 100%.
2. high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described mishmetal comprises 20% yittrium oxide, 20% cerium oxide and 60% lanthana.
3. the preparation method of high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode according to claim 1, is characterized in that, concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1, take respectively by weight percentage marble 38%～44%, fluorite 20%～25%, zircon sand 3%～5%, ferrosilicon 1%～5%, ferrotianium 10%～15%, mid-carbon fe-mn 5%～7%, titanium dioxide 2%～4%, mica 3%～6%, microcrystalline cellulose 1.5%～2%, nickel powder 1.2%～1.8%, mishmetal 1%～1.5%, the percentage by weight sum of above each component is 100%, above-mentioned coating material and potassium sodium mixing water glass are put into batch mixer together mix, then mixed medicinal powder is put into balling press and be pressed into cylindrical medicine group;
Step 2 is put into extrusion press with the cylindrical powder ball that step 1 makes, and cylindrical powder ball extrusion is made welding rod on the H08A core wire, the welding rod of making is put into batch-type furnace dry, and namely obtains high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode.
4. the preparation method of high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: in described step 1, the weight ratio of coating material and potassium sodium mixing water glass is 3～3.5:1.
5. the preparation method of according to claim 3 or 4 described high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrodes, it is characterized in that: in described step 1, coating material and potassium sodium mixing water glass incorporation time in batch mixer are 10～20min.
6. the preparation method of high tenacity low hydrogen basic electrode according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in described step 2, oven dry is with 60 ℃ of low temperature, and drying time is 8h, high temperature of 120 DEG C, 180 ℃, 250 ℃ and 350 ℃, dry by the fire respectively 1h, five temperature sections carry out the cascade raising temperature oven dry.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN103418939A (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2013-12-04 | 河海大学常州校区 | Nitrogen-strengthened hardfacing electrode |
| CN103433642A (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2013-12-11 | 西安理工大学 | Low-hydrogen basic electrode for 1Ni9 low-temperature steel welding and preparation method of low-hydrogen basic electrode |
| CN103551760A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2014-02-05 | 四川大西洋焊接材料股份有限公司 | Carbon steel covered electrode for nuclear power carbon steel welding and preparation method |
| CN103921019A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-16 | 湖北船王特种焊材有限公司 | Ultralow-hydrogen high-toughness welding rod for welding of water-diversion steel penstock in hydropower station |
| CN105047807A (en) * | 2015-08-01 | 2015-11-11 | 河南鸿昌电子有限公司 | Method for manufacturing semiconductor refrigerating device |
| CN105033507A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2015-11-11 | 山东大学 | Special-purpose welding rod for built-up welding of hot work die restoration |
| CN106736026A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-05-31 | 昆山京群焊材科技有限公司 | A kind of direct built-up welding hardening welding rod of cast iron stamping mold |
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| CN108672986A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-10-19 | 武汉铁锚焊接材料股份有限公司 | A kind of high-strength bridge steel welding rod and its application |
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| CN103418939A (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2013-12-04 | 河海大学常州校区 | Nitrogen-strengthened hardfacing electrode |
| CN103433642A (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2013-12-11 | 西安理工大学 | Low-hydrogen basic electrode for 1Ni9 low-temperature steel welding and preparation method of low-hydrogen basic electrode |
| CN103551760A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2014-02-05 | 四川大西洋焊接材料股份有限公司 | Carbon steel covered electrode for nuclear power carbon steel welding and preparation method |
| CN103551760B (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2015-12-30 | 四川大西洋焊接材料股份有限公司 | A kind of nuclear power carbon steel welding carbon steel and preparation method |
| CN103921019A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-16 | 湖北船王特种焊材有限公司 | Ultralow-hydrogen high-toughness welding rod for welding of water-diversion steel penstock in hydropower station |
| CN103921019B (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2016-04-13 | 湖北船王特种焊材有限公司 | The ultralow-hydrogen low high-tenacity welding electrodes of a kind of power station diversion pressure steel tube welding |
| CN105047807A (en) * | 2015-08-01 | 2015-11-11 | 河南鸿昌电子有限公司 | Method for manufacturing semiconductor refrigerating device |
| CN105033507A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2015-11-11 | 山东大学 | Special-purpose welding rod for built-up welding of hot work die restoration |
| CN105033507B (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2017-03-08 | 山东大学 | A kind of welding rod special for special repairing built-up welding for hot-work die |
| CN106736026A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-05-31 | 昆山京群焊材科技有限公司 | A kind of direct built-up welding hardening welding rod of cast iron stamping mold |
| CN108500512A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-09-07 | 何治伟 | A kind of preparation method of modified carbon fiber base welding rod material |
| CN108672986A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-10-19 | 武汉铁锚焊接材料股份有限公司 | A kind of high-strength bridge steel welding rod and its application |
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