CN103077605A - Scheduling method and device for vehicle - Google Patents
Scheduling method and device for vehicle Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a scheduling method and device for a vehicle. The method comprises the following steps of: monitoring whether an anomalous event exists or not during the running process of the vehicle; adjusting an objective function according to the type of the anomalous event when the anomalous event is monitored; and scheduling the vehicle according to the adjusted objective function. Through the scheduling method disclosed by the invention, the running process of the vehicle is monitored, when the anomalous event exists during the running process of the vehicle, the objective function is adjusted according to the type of the anomalous event, and then, the vehicle is scheduled according to the adjusted objective function, and therefore, the problem that the requirements of a dynamic changeful vehicle operation environment cannot be met by the scheduling scheme in the related technology is solved, real-time bus scheduling is realized, the balance between the bus transport capacity and the traffic volume is ensured, the operation cost of a bus operator is saved, the bus service level is improved, and feels of passengers are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of mobile communication, particularly relate to a kind of dispatching method and device of vehicle.
Background technology
Need the according to schedule vehicle of table driving for public transport etc., in actual operation process, generally drive a vehicle according to predetermined static route plan table.The Train Dispatching scheme of public transport mainly is static scheduling, namely according to line resource and passenger flow situation, to being optimized at the time of departure of bus operation system line and the type of dispatching a car, make system can reasonably arrange timetable, thereby making whole operation system reach the rational distribution of resources uses, system's efficiency of operation is maximum, and service level is the highest.
Theoretical foundation has been formulated in the operation that the static route plan table of public transport is bus operation and scheduling, but in the bus operation of reality, owing to being subject to the impact of weather, passenger flow, road traffic environment or accident, the operation order of classes or grades at school of public transport can not arrive according to the requirement of Train Dispatching planning chart and dispatch a car.When the circuit vehicle can not travel according to the Train Dispatching planning chart, cause static route plan can not satisfy dynamically changeable operating environment.When having anomalous event to occur, public transit vehicle can be subject to the impact of anomalous event and can not move according to static route plan table, thereby causes vehicle to depart from optimum static planning chart, will inevitably cause the operation cost of bus operation system to increase.Therefore, existing dispatching method no longer is fit to the demand of Real-Time Scheduling.
Can't satisfy the problem of the requirement of dynamically changeable car operation environment for the scheduling scheme in the correlation technique, not yet propose at present effective solution.
Summary of the invention
Can't satisfy the problem of the requirement of dynamically changeable car operation environment for the scheduling scheme in the correlation technique, the invention provides a kind of dispatching method and device of vehicle, in order to solve the problems of the technologies described above.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of dispatching method of vehicle, wherein, the method comprises: whether have anomalous event in the monitor vehicle operational process; When monitoring above-mentioned anomalous event, according to the type adjustment aim function of this anomalous event; According to the objective function after adjusting, vehicle is dispatched.
Further, adjust above-mentioned objective function according to the type of above-mentioned anomalous event and comprise: according to the type of above-mentioned anomalous event, determine the objective function weights; According to above-mentioned objective function weights and scheduling parameter, above-mentioned objective function is adjusted; Wherein, above-mentioned scheduling parameter comprises transport power and freight volume coordination control parameter, and load factor control parameter.
Further, the type of above-mentioned anomalous event comprise following one of at least: the circuit operation is unusual, passenger flow is unusual, vehicle condition is unusual, road conditions are unusual or the station resource exception.
Further, according to the type of above-mentioned anomalous event, determine that above-mentioned objective function weights comprise: the type in above-mentioned anomalous event is in the unusual situation of circuit operation, determines that above-mentioned objective function weights are 0.3; Type in above-mentioned anomalous event is that passenger flow is unusual, and/or in the unusual situation of vehicle condition, determines that above-mentioned objective function weights are 0.7; Type in above-mentioned anomalous event is that road conditions are unusual, and/or in the situation of station resource exception, determines that above-mentioned objective function weights are 0.5.
Further, according to above-mentioned objective function weights and scheduling parameter above-mentioned objective function is adjusted by following formula realization: Z=min[θ | (1-α) |+(1-θ) β]; Wherein, Z is objective function, and θ is the objective function weights, and α is that transport power and freight volume are coordinated the control parameter, and β is load factor control parameter.
According to a further aspect in the invention, the present invention also provides a kind of dispatching device of vehicle, and wherein, this device comprises: monitoring modular is used for the monitor vehicle operational process and whether has anomalous event; Adjusting module is used for when above-mentioned monitoring module monitors arrives above-mentioned anomalous event, according to the type adjustment aim function of this anomalous event; Scheduler module is used for according to the objective function after the above-mentioned adjusting module adjustment vehicle being dispatched.
Further, above-mentioned adjusting module comprises: the weights determining unit, be used for the type according to above-mentioned anomalous event, and determine the objective function weights; The function adjustment unit is used for above-mentioned objective function weights and the scheduling parameter definite according to above-mentioned weights determining unit, and above-mentioned objective function is adjusted; Wherein, above-mentioned scheduling parameter comprises transport power and freight volume coordination control parameter, and load factor control parameter.
Further, the type of above-mentioned anomalous event comprise following one of at least: the circuit operation is unusual, passenger flow is unusual, vehicle condition is unusual, road conditions are unusual or the station resource exception.
Further, above-mentioned weights determining unit comprises: first determines subelement, and the type that is used in above-mentioned anomalous event is in the unusual situation of circuit operation, determines that above-mentioned objective function weights are 0.3; Second determines subelement, and the type that is used in above-mentioned anomalous event is that passenger flow is unusual, and/or in the unusual situation of vehicle condition, determines that above-mentioned objective function weights are 0.7; The 3rd determines subelement, and the type that is used in above-mentioned anomalous event is that road conditions are unusual, and/or in the situation of station resource exception, determines that above-mentioned objective function weights are 0.5.
Further, above-mentioned function adjustment unit is realized by following formula: Z=min[θ | (1-α) | and+(1-θ) β]; Wherein, Z is objective function, and θ is the objective function weights, and α is that transport power and freight volume are coordinated the control parameter, and β is load factor control parameter.
The present invention monitors by the operational process to vehicle, when in monitoring the vehicle operating process, having anomalous event, type adjustment aim function according to this anomalous event, then according to the objective function after adjusting vehicle is dispatched, solved the problem that the scheduling scheme in the correlation technique can't satisfy the requirement of dynamically changeable car operation environment, realized the Real-Time Scheduling of public transport, guaranteed the equilibrium of public transport transport power and freight volume, saved the operation cost of transit operator, improve the public transport service level, improved passenger's impression.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram according to the dispatching method of the vehicle of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the normal operation state schematic diagram of public transport according to the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 analyzes schematic diagram according to the anomalous event in the bus operation process of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the Establishing process figure according to the bus dynamic dispatching model of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the bus dynamic dispatching schematic flow sheet according to the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the structured flowchart according to the dispatching device of the vehicle of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is the concrete structure block diagram according to the dispatching device of the vehicle of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
In correlation technique, the bus operation system can't carry out in real time effectively operation for anomalous event and adjust, based on this, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of dispatching method and device of vehicle, thereby according to the characteristics of anomalous event, again route plan is optimized to realize Real-Time Scheduling for anomalous event.Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, does not limit the present invention.
The present embodiment provides a kind of dispatching method of vehicle, and Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram according to the dispatching method of the vehicle of the embodiment of the invention, and as shown in Figure 1, the method may further comprise the steps (step S102-step S106):
Whether step S102 exists anomalous event in the monitor vehicle operational process;
Step S104 is when monitoring anomalous event, according to the type adjustment aim function of this anomalous event;
Step S106 according to the objective function after adjusting, dispatches above-mentioned vehicle.
Pass through said method, operational process to vehicle is monitored, when in monitoring the vehicle operating process, having anomalous event, type adjustment aim function according to this anomalous event, then according to the objective function after adjusting vehicle is dispatched, solved the problem that the scheduling scheme in the correlation technique can't satisfy the requirement of dynamically changeable car operation environment, realized the Real-Time Scheduling of public transport, guaranteed the equilibrium of public transport transport power and freight volume, saved the operation cost of transit operator, improve the public transport service level, improved passenger's impression.
The below is introduced the embodiment of the invention as an example of public transport example.In the bus operation process, the passenger of the vehicle on public bus network, the circuit, website and arrival website has formed the bus operation system, in this system, the passenger arrives website according to certain arrival rate, the vehicle of lane assignment some makes system can reach according to the handling capacity of passengers of passenger's quantity and vehicle the coordination of transport power and freight volume.Fig. 2 is the normal operation state schematic diagram of public transport according to the embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 2, each order of classes or grades at school vehicle of circuit has guaranteed that according to route plan operation that continues between initial station and terminal the freight volume between each order of classes or grades at school of circuit is balanced, and at this moment public transit system operation is in steady state (SS).
Yet, in the bus operation process, the generation of anomalous event may appear, for common anomalous event, mainly comprise following one of at least: the circuit operation is unusual, passenger flow is unusual, vehicle condition is unusual, road conditions are unusual, the station resource exception.Certainly, the anomalous event that occurs in the bus operation process not only comprises above-mentioned five classes, and the present embodiment just describes as an example of above-mentioned five class anomalous events example.Fig. 3 analyzes schematic diagram according to the anomalous event in the bus operation process of the embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 3 shows the problem that five class anomalous events easily cause, and for this problem institute Adopts measure, particularly:
The circuit operation is unusual: refer to the circuit vehicle in operational process, owing to being subject to the impact of road environment and weather etc., cause the operations such as bunching, traffic congestion, large-spacing unusual.The unusual easy loss that occasions a delay of circuit operation, and cause between each order of classes or grades at school of circuit the passenger flow evacuation unbalanced.
Road conditions are unusual: the situation that the road surface that refers to public transport road operation has construction or large-scale activity to cause public transit vehicle not travel by the initial planning circuit.Because public transit vehicle can not will certainly cause the increase of journey time by the route operation of original planning, so road conditions can cause not mating of the whole transport power of circuit and freight volume unusually.
The station resource exception: refer in circuit operation process, owing to reasons such as operating vehicles, platform capacity and reserve wagon lazy weights, cause the bus operation system can't orderly function, thus the phenomenon that the system's operation cost that causes increases.
Passenger flow is unusual: the volume of the flow of passengers that refers to one or more websites of operating line increases or reduces with respect to the historical average volume of the flow of passengers of this website is unexpected, causes bus operation system transport power and freight volume unbalance, the phenomenon that causes system's operation cost to increase.End or the trip number on festivals or holidays this circuits that the reason that passenger flow is unusual mostly is large-scale activity increase severely.
Vehicle condition is unusual: refer to the accident that vehicle is in operation and occurs, and such as vehicle trouble, car accident, the situations such as passenger's dispute.The accident meeting that vehicle is in operation causes the deficiency of parking lot resource, therefore, should in time detect event, and event is responded.
By to the analysis of anomalous event as can be known, the equilibrium state of bus operation system is easy to be broken by anomalous event, cause the inharmonious of transport power and freight volume, the circuit operation unusually reaches unusual grade of passenger flow and also can cause the transport power between the circuit order of classes or grades at school unbalance, increase the operation cost of transit operator, reduced the service level of public transport.
By to the analysis of bus operation system and to the analysis of anomalous event as can be known, the normal operation of public transport has two crucial reference values, and first is to consider from whole circuit, and the transport power of circuit must be complementary with the freight volume of bearing; Second each order of classes or grades at school vehicle from the composition circuit considered, the necessary equilibrium of the volume of the flow of passengers of sharing between each order of classes or grades at school vehicle.
Adjust scheduling parameter for the type according to anomalous event among the above-mentioned steps S104, the present embodiment provides a kind of preferred implementation, and namely the type adjustment aim function according to anomalous event comprises: according to the type of anomalous event, determine the objective function weights; According to this objective function weights and scheduling parameter, objective function is adjusted; Wherein, above-mentioned scheduling parameter comprises transport power and freight volume coordination control parameter, and load factor control parameter.By above-mentioned preferred implementation, for follow-up vehicle is dispatched provides the basis, improved efficient and the accuracy of vehicle being carried out Real-Time Scheduling, save cost for car operation, improved passenger's impression.
Preferably, also can be by setting up bus dynamic dispatching model realization aforesaid operations, certainly, the present embodiment just describes as example to set up the bus dynamic dispatching model, in practical operation, also can realize by other means, scheduling parameter be adjusted according to anomalous event as long as can guarantee.
The bus dynamic dispatching model is to set up on the basis of analyzing public transport anomalous event characteristics, the foundation of bus dynamic dispatching model comprises the foundation of choosing of objective function and constraint condition, supports for the Real-Time Scheduling of public transport provides theoretical by setting up the bus dynamic dispatching model.In the bus operation process, five class anomalous events all can cause the transport power of public transport and freight volume inharmonious, for example, after having an accident, the line resource number reduces, and needs dynamically route plan to be optimized again, and transport power is unbalanced between order of classes or grades at school, for example, the bunching situation that the circuit operation is unusual, transport power is unbalance between the vehicle of generation bunching.Fig. 4 is the Establishing process figure according to the bus dynamic dispatching model of the embodiment of the invention, and as shown in Figure 4, this flow process may further comprise the steps (step S402-step S406):
Step S402 determines that the transport power of dynamic dispatching model and freight volume coordinate the control parameter alpha, and load factor control parameter beta.
Transport power and freight volume are coordinated the control parameter alpha: according to the analysis to the bus operation system, bus dynamic dispatching should at first be considered public transport transport power and the total flux matched problem of passenger.When having anomalous event to occur, should guarantee that at first the transport power of public transport company and the freight volume that need to bear coordinate mutually.The coordination of transport power and freight volume is controlled by coordinating the control parameter alpha, and the control parameter alpha can be coordinated by transport power and freight volume by system makes transport power and freight volume reach balanced.
Load factor control parameter beta: for the bus operation system, should guarantee that transport power is coordinated mutually with freight volume on the circuit, also will guarantee that the freight volume between each order of classes or grades at school of circuit is balanced simultaneously.The freight volume equilibrium of each order of classes or grades at school is the basic guarantee of public transit system efficiency of operation and service level between circuit, and the freight volume of each order of classes or grades at school is unbalanced normally owing to the circuit operations such as bunching, large-spacing cause unusually between circuit.Freight volume for each order of classes or grades at school of circuit that is caused by circuit operation anomalous event is unbalanced, adjusts by load factor control parameter beta.
Step S404 determines the objective function Z of dynamic dispatching model.
By above-mentioned steps S402 as can be known, objective function Z is comprised of two variablees, and one is that transport power and freight volume are coordinated the control parameter alpha, and one is load factor control parameter beta.In order to take different Optimized Measures according to different anomalous events, introduce objective function weights θ two parameters are controlled.When the circuits such as bunching occurs were runed anomalous event, the weights that load factor is controlled parameter beta increased, and when the generation vehicle condition reached the anomalous events such as road conditions are unusual unusually, transport power and freight volume coordinated to control the weights increase of parameter alpha.Objective function can be realized by following formula:
Z＝min[θ|(1-α)|+(1-θ)β]（1）
Step S406 determines the constraint condition of bus dynamic dispatching model.
In order further to optimize the bus dynamic dispatching model, can pass through constraint condition, determine the timetable that satisfies condition.Wherein constraint condition namely comprises the variable in the objective function, also comprises the time-constrain of each order of classes or grades at school.Particularly, can realize by following formula:
0.6＜α＜1.5（6）
0.8＜β＜1（7）
t
ij(S)＝t
i(j-1)(S)+t
ij(jg)（9）
t
ij(S)＝t
ij(A)+t
ij(zz)（10）
2y(ij)≤t
ij(zz)≤mint(jg)（12）
In above-mentioned formula, n represents the circuit vehicle number; R(i) Passenger arrival rate of expression website i; T represents computation period; M represents circuit website sum; X(i) the get on the bus number of expression website i in period t; μ (kj) expression order of classes or grades at school j is in the load factor of website i;
The average load factor of expression circuit order of classes or grades at school; X (ij) expression order of classes or grades at school j is in the number of getting on the bus of website i; Y (ij) expression order of classes or grades at school j is in the number of getting off of website i; S: rated passenger capacity; t
Ij(S) expression order of classes or grades at school j is at the time of departure of website i; t
J (j+1)(jg) departure interval between the adjacent order of classes or grades at school j of expression and the j+1; t
Ij(A) expression j order of classes or grades at school car arrives the time of website i; t
Ij(zz) expression j order of classes or grades at school car is in the time in the station of website i; t
j(dc) the one way point of expression order of classes or grades at school j, i.e. order of classes or grades at school j one way working time; t
I (i+1)(XS) running time of expression vehicle from the i website to the i+1 website;
Represent the working time of order of classes or grades at school j between adjacent sites i and i+1; B represents the order of classes or grades at school number; U (j) expression order of classes or grades at school j load factor; X (kj) expression order of classes or grades at school j is in the number of getting on the bus of site k; Y (kj) expression order of classes or grades at school j is in the number of getting off of site k; t
I (j-1)(S) expression order of classes or grades at school j-1 is at the time of departure of website i; t
Ij(jg) expression order of classes or grades at school j and order of classes or grades at school j-1 are in the departure interval of the i of website; The minimum departure interval of mint (jg) expression.
The bus dynamic dispatching model can carry out redistribution to system resource according to the operation situation of car operation system, thereby guarantees the optimum of under anomalous event vehicle operating cost and service level.
In above-mentioned preferred implementation, determine that according to the type of anomalous event the objective function weights can realize in the following manner: the type in anomalous event is under the circuit operation abnormal conditions, determines that objective function weights θ value is 0.3; Type in anomalous event is that passenger flow is unusual, and/or vehicle condition unusual situation under, determine that objective function weights θ value is 0.7; Type in anomalous event is that road conditions are unusual, and/or in the situation of station resource exception, determines that objective function weights θ value is 0.5.
In above-mentioned preferred implementation, can realize in the following manner objective function adjustment according to objective function weights and scheduling parameter: in the situation that objective function weights θ value is 0.3, attaching most importance to load factor control parameter is optimized objective function; Be 0.7 in the situation that the objective function weights are the θ value, coordinate the control parameter with transport power and freight volume and attach most importance to objective function is optimized; In the situation that objective function weights θ value is 0.5, load factor control parameter is identical with freight volume coordination control parameter weight with transport power to be optimized objective function.
Preferably, can realize by following formula objective function adjustment according to objective function weights and scheduling parameter: Z=min[θ | (1-α) |+(1-θ) β]; Wherein, Z is objective function, and θ is the objective function weights, and α is that transport power and freight volume are coordinated the control parameter, and β is load factor control parameter.Certainly, above-mentioned formula is a preferred implementation, in actual mechanical process, can rationally be out of shape this formula according to actual conditions, objective function is adjusted according to objective function weights and scheduling parameter as long as can realize.
By above-mentioned preferred implementation, can carry out redistribution to bus operation system resource according to the actual operation situation of bus operation system, thereby guarantee the optimum of bus operation cost and service level under anomalous event.
After setting up the bus dynamic dispatching model, can dispatch the bus operation process according to this model, Fig. 5 is the bus dynamic dispatching schematic flow sheet according to the embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 5, the realization of bus dynamic dispatching method mainly comprises basic data acquisition, anomalous event identification, scheduling model optimization, four steps of route plan adjustment.
The first step gathers basic data, and this step realizes at data Layer.
Concerning whole bus operation system, basic data comprises the running state data of passenger flow data and vehicle.Passenger flow data is comprised of website passenger flow data and vehicle-mounted passenger flow data.The website passenger flow data can pass through the IC-card acquisition of information, and the vehicle-mounted passenger flow data can be obtained according to vehicle-mounted passenger flow statistics equipment.The running state data of vehicle was comprised of speed, position, time etc., mainly obtained by vehicle-mounted GPS equipment.
Second step, the identification anomalous event, this step realizes at identification layer.
Unusually can identify by the distance of the headstock between each order of classes or grades at school of circuit for the circuit operation.Passenger flow unusually can relatively identifying by real-time passenger flow data and historical passenger flow data.Vehicle condition unusually can be by identifying the analysis of GPS speed data.Station resource exception and road conditions can be identified by watch-dog unusually.
The 3rd step, optimize the bus dynamic dispatching model, this step realizes in model layer.
The optimization of bus dynamic dispatching model is carried out according to the type of anomalous event, and according to the type of anomalous event, the objective function variable weight of bus dynamic dispatching model is distributed.
When the circuit operation was unusual, the volume share between each order of classes or grades at school of circuit was unbalanced; Objective function weights θ value is 0.3, and attaching most importance to load factor control parameter is optimized objective function.
When passenger flow was unusual, the circuit volume of the flow of passengers increased, and freight volume increases; Objective function weights θ value is 0.7, and attaching most importance to transport power and freight volume coordination control parameter is optimized objective function.
When vehicle condition was unusual, the circuit operating vehicles reduced, and transport power is not enough; Objective function weights θ value is 0.7, and attaching most importance to transport power and freight volume coordination control parameter is optimized objective function.
During when road conditions are unusual and station resource exception, can indirectly cause the freight volume between the inharmonious of whole transport power and freight volume and circuit order of classes or grades at school unbalanced; Objective function weights θ value is 0.5, and load factor control parameter is identical with freight volume coordination control parameter weight with transport power to be optimized objective function.
The 4th step, the route plan adjustment, this step realizes at output layer.
For different anomalous events, according to the optimum results of bus dynamic dispatching model, obtain real-time route plan, thereby realize the dynamic dispatching of public transport, improve the service level of public transport, optimize the operation cost of bus operation enterprise.
Introduction by above-described embodiment as can be known, the implementation of the present embodiment mainly comprises following a few partial content, the firstth, the analysis of bus operation system by the bus operation system is analyzed, is found the relevant mechanism of bus operation; The secondth, the anomalous event analysis in the bus operation, by the anomalous event analysis, the reason that finds anomalous event to occur, and extract the characteristics of different anomalous event types is for the foundation of bus dynamic dispatching model provides foundation; The 3rd is the foundation of bus dynamic dispatching model, and the foundation of this model comprises the foundation of choosing of objective function and constraint condition, supports for the Real-Time Scheduling of public transport provides theoretical by setting up the bus dynamic dispatching model; The 4th is the realization of bus dynamic dispatching method.
The present embodiment has been grasped the mechanism of bus operation by to the analysis of bus operation system, thereby lays the first stone for the formulation of dynamic dispatching simulated target function; In addition, by the analysis to anomalous event in the bus operation, grasped occurrence cause and the characteristics of different anomalous events, provided support for setting up the bus dynamic dispatching model; In addition, by setting up the foundation of bus dynamic dispatching model, for providing theoretical, the bus dynamic dispatching under the anomalous event supports.Particularly, there is following advantage in the present embodiment:
1, by the Analysis on Running Mechanism to the bus operation system, determined the optimization aim of bus dynamic dispatching model, the objective function of this model is comprised of two basic variables, has reduced the complexity of model, improve the computing velocity of model, thereby can better realize the Real-Time Scheduling of public transport.
2, the optimization of anomaly-based event has more specific aim, compares the optimization method of in the past lumping together more reasonable, can shoot the arrow at the target, and has increased the applicability of model.
3, whole dispatching method, data are easily obtained, and model easily calculates, and has increased the versatility of method.
The dispatching method of the vehicle of introducing corresponding to above-described embodiment, the present embodiment provides a kind of dispatching device of vehicle, in order to realize above-described embodiment.Fig. 6 is the structured flowchart according to the dispatching device of the vehicle of the embodiment of the invention, and as shown in Figure 6, this device comprises: monitoring modular 10, adjusting module 20 and scheduler module 30.The below describes in detail to this structure:
Monitoring modular 10 is used for the monitor vehicle operational process and whether has anomalous event;
Adjusting module 20 is connected to monitoring modular 10, is used for when above-mentioned monitoring modular 10 monitors anomalous event, according to the type adjustment aim function of this anomalous event;
Pass through said apparatus, monitoring modular 10 monitors when having anomalous event in the vehicle operating process, adjusting module 20 is according to the type adjustment aim function of this anomalous event, then scheduler module 30 is dispatched vehicle according to the objective function after adjusting, solved the problem that the scheduling scheme in the correlation technique can't satisfy the requirement of dynamically changeable car operation environment, realized the Real-Time Scheduling of public transport, guaranteed the equilibrium of public transport transport power and freight volume, saved the operation cost of transit operator, improve the public transport service level, improved passenger's impression.
In the bus operation process, the generation of anomalous event may appear, for common anomalous event, mainly comprise following one of at least: the circuit operation is unusual, passenger flow is unusual, vehicle condition is unusual, road conditions are unusual, the station resource exception.The front is described in detail above-mentioned anomalous event.Certainly, the anomalous event that occurs in the bus operation process not only comprises above-mentioned five classes, in actual bus operation process, may also other anomalous events can occur, gives unnecessary details no longer one by one at this.
Adjust scheduling parameter for above-mentioned adjusting module 20 according to the type of anomalous event, the present embodiment provides a kind of preferred structure, the concrete structure block diagram of the dispatching device of vehicle as shown in Figure 7, this device is except the modules that comprises above-mentioned Fig. 6 introduction, above-mentioned adjusting module 20 also comprises: weights determining unit 22 and function adjustment unit 24, and the below describes in detail to this structure:
Weights determining unit 22 is used for the type according to above-mentioned anomalous event, determines the objective function weights;
Function adjustment unit 24 is connected to weights determining unit 22, for above-mentioned objective function weights and the scheduling parameter determined according to above-mentioned weights determining unit 22, above-mentioned objective function is adjusted; Wherein, above-mentioned scheduling parameter comprises transport power and freight volume coordination control parameter, and load factor control parameter.
By above-mentioned preferred structure, for follow-up vehicle is dispatched provides the basis, improved efficient and the accuracy of vehicle being carried out Real-Time Scheduling, save cost for car operation, improved passenger's impression.
In above-mentioned preferred structure, above-mentioned weights determining unit 22 determines that according to the type of anomalous event the objective function weights can realize by following preferred structure: namely above-mentioned weights determining unit 22 comprises: first determines subelement, the type that is used in anomalous event is under the circuit operation abnormal conditions, determines that the objective function weights are 0.3; Second determines subelement, and the type that is used in anomalous event is that passenger flow is unusual, and/or in the unusual situation of vehicle condition, determines that the objective function weights are 0.7; The 3rd determines subelement, and the type that is used in anomalous event is that road conditions are unusual, and/or in the situation of station resource exception, determines that the objective function weights are 0.5.
In above-mentioned preferred structure, above-mentioned function adjustment unit 24 can be realized by following preferred structure scheduling parameter adjustment according to the objective function weights: namely above-mentioned function adjustment unit 24 comprises: first adjusts subelement, be used in the situation that the objective function weights are 0.3, attaching most importance to load factor control parameter is optimized objective function; Second adjusts subelement, is used in the situation that the objective function weights are 0.7, and attaching most importance to transport power and freight volume coordination control parameter is optimized objective function; The 3rd adjusts subelement, is used in the situation that the objective function weights are 0.5, and load factor control parameter is identical with freight volume coordination control parameter weight with transport power to be optimized objective function.
Preferably, above-mentioned function adjustment unit 24 can be realized by following formula: Z=min[θ | (1-α) | and+(1-θ) β]; Wherein, Z is objective function, and θ is the objective function weights, and α is that transport power and freight volume are coordinated the control parameter, and β is load factor control parameter.Certainly, above-mentioned formula is a preferred implementation, in actual mechanical process, can rationally be out of shape this formula according to actual conditions, objective function is adjusted according to objective function weights and scheduling parameter as long as can realize.
By above-mentioned preferred structure, can carry out redistribution to bus operation system resource according to the actual operation situation of bus operation system, thereby guarantee the optimum of bus operation cost and service level under anomalous event.
As can be seen from the above description, the embodiment of the invention takes into full account anomalous event and the characteristics thereof that occur in the car operation process, again plan is optimized to vehicle driving, the Real-Time Scheduling of carrying out for anomalous event to satisfy the car operation system, guaranteed the equilibrium of vehicle transport power and freight volume, realize the optimization of operation cost and vehicle service level, improved passenger's impression.
Although be the example purpose, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are disclosed, it also is possible those skilled in the art will recognize various improvement, increase and replacement, therefore, scope of the present invention should be not limited to above-described embodiment.
Claims (10)
1. the dispatching method of a vehicle is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
Whether there is anomalous event in the monitor vehicle operational process;
When monitoring described anomalous event, according to the type adjustment aim function of described anomalous event;
According to the objective function after adjusting, described vehicle is dispatched.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, adjusts described objective function according to the type of described anomalous event and comprises:
According to the type of described anomalous event, determine the objective function weights;
According to described objective function weights and scheduling parameter, described objective function is adjusted; Wherein, described scheduling parameter comprises transport power and freight volume coordination control parameter, and load factor control parameter.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the type of described anomalous event comprise following one of at least:
The circuit operation is unusual, passenger flow is unusual, vehicle condition is unusual, road conditions are unusual or the station resource exception.
4. method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, according to the type of described anomalous event, determines that described objective function weights comprise:
Type in described anomalous event is in the unusual situation of circuit operation, determines that described objective function weights are 0.3;
Type in described anomalous event is that passenger flow is unusual, and/or in the unusual situation of vehicle condition, determines that described objective function weights are 0.7;
Type in described anomalous event is that road conditions are unusual, and/or in the situation of station resource exception, determines that described objective function weights are 0.5.
5. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, according to described objective function weights and scheduling parameter described objective function is adjusted by following formula realization:
Z=min[θ | (1-α) |+(1-θ) β]; Wherein, Z is described objective function, and θ is described objective function weights, and α is that described transport power and freight volume are coordinated the control parameter, and β is described load factor control parameter.
6. the dispatching device of a vehicle is characterized in that, comprising:
Monitoring modular is used for the monitor vehicle operational process and whether has anomalous event;
Adjusting module is used for when described monitoring module monitors arrives described anomalous event, according to the type adjustment aim function of described anomalous event;
Scheduler module is used for according to the objective function after the described adjusting module adjustment described vehicle being dispatched.
7. device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described adjusting module comprises:
The weights determining unit is used for the type according to described anomalous event, determines the objective function weights;
The function adjustment unit is used for described objective function weights and the scheduling parameter definite according to described weights determining unit, and described objective function is adjusted; Wherein, described scheduling parameter comprises transport power and freight volume coordination control parameter, and load factor control parameter.
8. device as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, the type of described anomalous event comprise following one of at least:
The circuit operation is unusual, passenger flow is unusual, vehicle condition is unusual, road conditions are unusual or the station resource exception.
9. device as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described weights determining unit comprises:
First determines subelement, and the type that is used in described anomalous event is in the unusual situation of circuit operation, determines that described objective function weights are 0.3;
Second determines subelement, and the type that is used in described anomalous event is that passenger flow is unusual, and/or in the unusual situation of vehicle condition, determines that described objective function weights are 0.7;
The 3rd determines subelement, and the type that is used in described anomalous event is that road conditions are unusual, and/or in the situation of station resource exception, determines that described objective function weights are 0.5.
10. device as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described function adjustment unit is realized by following formula:
Z=min[θ | (1-α) |+(1-θ) β]; Wherein, Z is described objective function, and θ is described objective function weights, and α is that described transport power and freight volume are coordinated the control parameter, and β is described load factor control parameter.
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