Summary of the invention
In view of existing directed sheet fabrication is for the restriction of raw material, be unfavorable for making full use of of a large amount of discarded log processing leftover pieces, the present invention is intended to open a kind of Wood wool slab with directional structure, its processing uses a large amount of discarded leftover pieces that can make to produce in log process of manufacture to be able to fully effective utilization, and the production mechanical performance index of itself meets certain instructions for use, thus fully reduce costs further, economize on resources, promote environmental protection space.
Technical solution of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of Wood wool slab with directional structure, is characterized in that:
The wood wool that its leftover pieces discarded for the processing of employing timber process, by the three-layer composite structure of adhesive gluing pressing, comprises layer and sandwich layer; The wood wool of described upper layer is genesis analysis, wood wool long 40 ~ 150mm, wide 2 ~ 10mm, thick 0.6 ~ 1mm; The wood wool of described sandwich layer is uniformly distributed, the long 2 ~ 40mm of wood wool.
Further, described leftover pieces are remaining edges of boards skin after Wood products processing; Raw material is made with edges of boards skin, as remaining edges of boards skin after the timber processing such as China fir, poplar, pine etc., the waste utilization rate that log is processed is greatly enhanced, especially process raw material with Chinese fir board flaw-piece, known, the leftover bits produced in China fir process are many, and its processing technology is poor, difficulty of processing is large, how to reduce the processing cost of China fir, and improving its stock utilization is the problem that those skilled in the art are devoted to solve always.
And then the invention discloses the production technology of described Wood wool slab with directional structure, comprise the steps:
(1) get the raw materials ready: raw material adopts small diameter grade log or the discarded leftover pieces of timber processing, Raw material processing to be grown up the wood wool of certain specification through chipping and digging silk;
(2) dry rear sorting: adopt drumdrier, turn the synergy of propping up by the thermal air current in rotating cylinder and rotating cylinder, make wood wool form the movement locus of helix in rotating cylinder; Dried wood wool moisture content is 3 ~ 6%, and then sorting, isolates top layer wood wool and core wood-wool, described top layer wood wool long 40 ~ 150mm, wide 2 ~ 10mm, thick 0.6 ~ 1mm; The length of core wood-wool is 2 ~ 40mm;
(3) applying glue: even micro-applying glue is carried out respectively to top layer wood wool and core wood-wool;
(4) plate blank paving: top layer wood wool adopts mechanical orientation method to carry out classification orienting spreading, after mating formation, upper layer wood wool is genesis analysis; Core wood-wool adopts evenly mats formation, and after mating formation, core wood-wool is evenly distributed; Different from the flooring mode institute of traditional oriented wood chipboard, the wood wool of upper layer of the present invention have employed longitudinally orienting spreading, the wood wool (40 ~ 150mm) larger by length carries out classification according to length scale, longitudinally evenly mated formation to inner by table, form the upper layer of composite board, ensure that the mechanical property of Wood wool slab with directional structure longitudinal direction; And the wood wool of less for length (2 ~ 40mm) employing is evenly mated formation, form the sandwich layer of composite board; Thus on the basis ensureing mechanical property and serviceability, make the utilization rate of raw material reach maximum; Finally obtain best cost performance.Experiment proves, the directional properties of directed sheet material depends primarily on the orienting spreading of skin-material, by contrast, and the orienting spreading DeGrain of core material.For China fir material, its wood fiber length is longer than poplar, and like this for the material of equal length, China fir has higher mechanical property, and this is also the reason ensureing that core material only need evenly be mated formation.
(5) hot-pressing processing after colding pressing: after being colded pressing by cold press, adopt 170 DEG C ~ 190 DEG C hot pressing temperatures, 20 ~ 22Mpa initial pressure carries out hot pressing, the wood wool in slab is contacted closely knit, reaches specific thickness; After hot-forming, sheet material moisture control is 8 ~ 12%;
(6) post-production, as comprised cooling, cutting edge, polishing, checking, grade and repair processing.
Further, in described step (1), chip and dig between silk, also having screening, immersion and the step of magnetic separation;
Sieved by jarring machine, remove the sandstone of mixing when the particle and raw material stacking that produce in process; By in soak vat immersion process, make the moisture content that the wood wool of different water cut reaches close; The iron filings mixed in timber process are isolated by magnetic separation.Wherein, soaking time is 15-30min, and the wood wool top layer moisture content after immersion reaches more than 40%.
In step (2), described thermal air current is 250 ~ 340 °, and drying time is more than 30min.
In step (3), adhesive adopts urea-formaldehyde glue, utilizes drum-type sizing applicator to top layer wood wool and core wood-wool applying glue respectively; Top layer batten and core wood-wool resin added difference within 4%, top layer wood wool resin added average out to 6 ~ 8%, core wood-wool resin added average out to 8 ~ 10%.
The present invention is the directed sheet material utilizing wood machining residues processing completely, processing does not need to carry out peeling process early stage, the residue produced in a large amount of log process is made to be able to fully effective utilization, process raw material on the one hand less demanding, raw material sources are extensive, and especially China fir leftover pieces making full use of as edges of boards skin, makes production cost greatly reduce, log utilization rate improves greatly, and the value of environmental protection promotes greatly; On the other hand, by the control of technique, finally obtained met relevant criterion requirement originally to seem unavailable raw material, the directed sheet material of instructions for use can be met: through inspection, product quality, domesticly exceedes People's Republic of China's forestry industry standard-oriented wood chipboard (LV/T1580)-2000; Export trade meets European oriented wood chipboard standard (EN300-19970); Production board trip Form aldehyde release grade meets Form aldehyde release limitation (GB 18580-2001) E1 level in National Standard of the People's Republic of China-indoor decorating and refurnishing materials wood-based plate and goods thereof.Electrical category packaging structure material and furniture decorative board material field can be widely used in.
Detailed description of the invention
Wood wool slab with directional structure of the present invention be adopt the discarded leftover pieces of timber processing to process wood wool by the three-layer composite structure of adhesive gluing pressing, comprise layer and sandwich layer; The wood wool of upper layer is genesis analysis, and as shown in Figure 1, wood wool angle of inclination controls prolonging within the scope of vertical line ± 35 °, wood wool long 40 ~ 150mm, wide 2 ~ 10mm, thick 0.6 ~ 1mm; The wood wool of sandwich layer is uniformly distributed, as shown in Figure 2, and the long 2 ~ 40mm of wood wool.
The production technology of described Wood wool slab with directional structure by chipping, screen, soak, magnetic separation, plane silk, drying, sorting, applying glue, mat formation, hot-forming, post processing with etc. operation form.By wood chipping equipment, small diameter grade log, timber are processed the wood wool that remaining sides corner material is processed into length 40-150mm length; The moisture content of wood wool is improved by immersion; The wood wool of the 40-150mm scope of more than 30% is produced by wood wool making machine; Take hot-air as the dry sheet material of drying medium material used.Removed the raw material of powder bark and overbreak by screening, isolate top layer wood wool (long 40 ~ 150mm, wide 2 ~ 10mm, thick 0.6 ~ 1mm) and core wood-wool (length is 2 ~ 40mm); With drum-type sizing applicator to top layer wood wool and core wood-wool applying glue respectively; Longitudinal wood wool of upper layer of mating formation with mechanical type spreading head, core wood-wool adopts evenly mats formation; After cold press is colded pressing, adopting hot press contact heating hot pressing, by controlling hot pressing temperature and hot pressing pressure etc., reaching the object that quarantine is removed the evil and reduced moisture content.Later stage cools sheet forming, cutting edge, polishing, check, grade, the processing such as repairing.The concise and to the point technological process of production as shown in Figure 3.
To be described in further detail with regard to above-mentioned technique below.Described production technology comprises:
(1) get the raw materials ready
Raw material comprises small dimension wood, timber processing residue rim charge etc., as remaining edges of boards skin after the timber processing such as China fir, poplar, pine, also can mix part brush wood.Raw material sends into wood chipping equipment by material loading transporter, wood wool making machine, the wood wool of processing growth 40 ~ 150mm, wide 2 ~ 10mm, thick 0.6 ~ 1mm, then sends into wet wood shavings feed bin through belt conveyer and elevator.
(2) dried, classified
Drying machine import moisture content 20-50%, outlet moisture content 3-6%, adopts thermal air current to carry out drying, can avoid like this causing heat energy loss because adopting intermediate medium.Moisture contained by the raw material that wood wool making machine is produced is higher, and completes dry run in the short period of time, requires that rate of drying is very fast.Adopt high temperature (250 ~ 300 °) drying medium for this reason.The mechanical strength impact of large stretch of wood wool size on orienting spreading effect and oriented structure sheet material is very big.Wood wool should be made not to be subject in drying equipment or to be collided less or to rub for this reason.Adopt the drumdrier of hollow, turn the synergy of propping up by air-flow in rotating cylinder and rotating cylinder, make large stretch of wood wool in rotating cylinder, form the movement locus of approximate helical line.Like this, mainly soft collision or the buffing wiping between wood wool that wood wool is suffered in rotating cylinder, thus wood wool form can more satisfactory being protected.Dried raw material delivers to separator sorting through ribbon conveyer, and top layer wood wool elected as by the wood wool of long 60 ~ 150mm, wide 2 ~ 10mm, thick 0.6 ~ 1mm; Length is that the wood wool of 2 ~ 60mm is elected to be core wood-wool; Then watch core layer stock bin is sent into respectively through watch core layer belt conveyer.
The moisture content of wood wool has a significant impact product quality, wood wool moisture content after glue mixing that moisture content is high is higher, when hot pressing, heat exhaustion increases, also extend hot pressing time simultaneously, reduce the production efficiency of hot press, and affect the bonding capacity of adhesive, sheet material easily produces the defect of bubbling, layering, so wet wood wool must carry out drying before glue mixing, drying time is 30min at least, and after wood wool drying, moisture control is 3 ~ 6%.Wood wool through preliminarily dried reaches the requirement of quarantining and removing the evil.
(3) applying glue
Because wood wool is longer, thinner, regular shape changes greatly, easily broken in Process of Applying Glue, be difficult to accomplish surface uniform applying glue; Thus adopt the atomizing sizing applicator of hollow structure to produce fragmentation to reduce as far as possible to wood wool, and control spray angle and cylinder axis is at a right angle, the loss of sprinkling glue will be reduced to bottom line like this.High-precision PWM is utilized to control, can the change of adaptive system fast trace, even to reach applying glue, accurate object.
Adhesive adopts urea-formaldehyde glue, in table, core wood-wool applying glue respectively.Top layer wood wool and core wood-wool resin added difference control within 4%, top layer wood wool resin added average out to 8%, core wood-wool resin added average out to 10%.Wood wool is quantitatively exported by feed bin, and after metering device continuous weighting, equilibrium enters atomizing sizing applicator.The glue of wood wool and the atomization entered fully is contacted, even glue, regulate resin added by the change of wood wool conveying capacity, keep the sizing material of technique initialization than constant.
(3) plate blank paving
The directional effect of top layer wood wool directly affects the physical and mechanical property of production board.This project adopts the method for mechanical orientation to carry out orienting spreading to top layer wood wool.The operation principle of oriented paving machine is: the top layer wood wool after glue mixing enters on respective belt conveyer respectively, sends in stationary forming station.
Spreading head for top layer material of mating formation is provided with chip wood wool and indulges directed dispenser. in order to improve the intensity of plank, by grading roller, classification is carried out to wood wool when orientation, namely the longest wood wool is layered on top layer, more inside wood wool is shorter, curtailment 40mm person is used as core wood-wool, then adopt and evenly mat formation.There is no larger classification in the wood wool distribution of sandwich layer, so just guarantee to reach required interior keys with joint efforts. the slab after namely mating formation is three-decker: on slab, layer wood wool is genesis analysis, and wood wool angle of inclination controls prolonging within the scope of vertical line ± 35 °; Core wood-wool is evenly distributed substantially.
For China fir, its physical and mechanical properties (test report that data are provided from Hamburg, Germany university) as shown in table 1 below.
Table 1
China fir is the fibre structure of benzene shape.Easily produce folder cutter phenomenon man-hour adding, processing characteristics is bad, and difficulty of processing is larger than poplar; China fir can produce the material of below the 60mm of 70% in process, if all by waste disposal, expense of raw materials is obviously higher; Adopt described production technology to comprise edges of boards skin with the leftover pieces of China fir and make raw material, add at sandwich layer and evenly mat formation with regard to utilizing the material of below 60mm man-hour; Greatly can reduce production cost, improve stock utilization.
Experiment proves, the directional properties of the sheet material of orienting spreading depends mainly on skin-material, and core material is not obvious by contrast on the impact of effect of mating formation.For China fir material, his wood fiber length is longer than poplar.Like this under the material context of equal length, China fir has higher mechanical property, as long as this is also the reason ensureing that core material is evenly mated formation.
(4) hot pressing
After being colded pressing by cold press, carry out hot-pressing processing.Different with sheet material resilience effect according to the thickness of sheet material, select different hot pressing times, hot pressing temperature 180 DEG C ~ 190 DEG C, initial pressure 20 ~ 22MPa.By hot pressing, adhesive solidification speed can be accelerated, make wood shavings material contact in slab closely knit, slab is reached the thickness of regulation.After hot-forming, sheet material moisture control, 8 ~ 12%, reaches regulation requirement.
(5) post-production
Mainly comprise the sheet material taken out from hot press is cooled, cutting edge, polishing, check, grade, the processing such as repairing.Cooling processing can adopt force ventilated method in the device closed, and also can cool with gravity-flow ventilation.Cooling device conventional is at present star cooler.Cutting edge is exactly the finished product becoming to meet dimensional requirement by burr bladed saw, and the equipment of use mostly is combines Sawing machine in length and breadth.Polishing can reduce the thickness deviation of plate, eliminates surface defects, makes plate face bright and clean, easy to use and carry out incrustation.Current multiplex broadband type abrasive finishing machine abrasive carries out polishing process.Grinded sheet material through grading, checking, and after the defect such as fracture, bubbling repairs, just can send into finished room.
The said goods quality, through inspection, domesticly exceedes People's Republic of China's forestry industry standard-oriented wood chipboard (LV/T1580)-2000; Export trade meets European oriented wood chipboard standard (EN300-19970); Production board trip Form aldehyde release grade meets Form aldehyde release limitation (GB 18580-2001) E1 level in National Standard of the People's Republic of China-indoor decorating and refurnishing materials wood-based plate and goods thereof.
The above; be only the present invention's preferably detailed description of the invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; be equal to according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof and replace or change, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.