CN103067330A - Dynamic reconfigurable under water acoustics modulator-demodulator and communication method thereof - Google Patents
Dynamic reconfigurable under water acoustics modulator-demodulator and communication method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic reconfigurable under water acoustics modulator-demodulator and a communication method of the dynamic reconfigurable under water acoustics modulator-demodulator. Before communication, the dynamic reconfigurable under water acoustics modulator-demodulator tests an under water acoustics information channel, and determines the data transfer rate and an optimum modulation-demodulation manner of communication according to testing results. Compared with a modulator-demodulator designed in the worst information channel condition, use ratio of frequency band resources is increased, and thus energy consumption is lowered. An out-chip memory is adopted in the dynamic reconfigurable under water acoustics modulator-demodulator, after the determination of the optimum modulation-demodulation manner which is suitable for current information channel according to the information channel testing results through a information channel testing module, a data flow file of a corresponding modulation-demodulation manner is uploaded from the out-chip memory, and a modulation module and a demodulation module are dynamically reconfigured, thus the under water acoustics modulator-demodulator is enabled to switch over different modulation-demodulation manners freely according to real-time information channel conditions, and all of the modulation-demodulation manners need not to be realized on a field programmable gata array (FPGA), and thus hardware resources of a digital signal processing module is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the underwater sound modem technology, be specifically related to a kind of dynamic reconfigurable underwater sound modulator-demodulator and communication means thereof.
Background technology
The area of the earth about 70% is covered by ocean, and the resources such as abundant mineral products, biology, the energy are being contained in the ocean, along with the mankind to the continually developing and utilizing of land resources, the ocean becomes that the mankind survive and the important base of social sustainable development.But because the restriction of objective condition, the ocean more than 95% also is in untapped or initial development status.At present, countries in the world are to the rights and interests pay attention to day by day of its ocean, and developing the underwater wireless sensor network with low cost, high reliability, real time communication becomes a new study hotspot.
Underwater wireless sensor network is realized emission and the reception of data by the communication between the sensor node that is distributed in the three-dimensional underwater environment, because electromagnetic wave is decayed in seawater seriously, and lightwave communication is had relatively high expectations to the clarity of seawater, and need the adjusting to a line technology, by sound wave communication, the underwater sound sensor node is that the design of underwater sound modulator-demodulator becomes the key of setting up underwater wireless sensor network with realization between the present underwater wireless sensor network node.
Realize the emission of signal and the underwater wireless sensor network of reception with the underwater sound modulator-demodulator as node, comprise tens, up to a hundred underwater sound modulator-demodulators.Because the position of each underwater sound modulator-demodulator is different with the degree of depth, and the ocean terrain environment is complicated and changeable, so that the channel of different send-receive communication links is very different, or even same send-receive communication link is because the relative motion between two modulator-demodulators, and the underwater sound channel also changes.Underwater sound modulator-demodulator based on difference channel situation design, be operated in than communicating under the lower data transmission rate of the data transmission rate of actual conditions permission, lower data transmission rate has not only been wasted rare band resource under water, and lower data transmission rate means longer symbol duration, thereby the energy consumption when causing transmitting identical data information strengthens, and the underwater sound modulator-demodulator is battery powered, and the communication of low energy consumption is vital for the life-span that prolongs underwater wireless sensor network.
The time-varying characteristics of underwater sound channel have been noticed during some underwater sound modulator-demodulator designs, proposed to have the modulator-demodulator of more modulation demodulation mode, Micromodem such as the design of U.S. WHOI research institute, Micromodem supports frequency shift keying (Frequency-shift keying) FSK and two kinds of modulation systems of phase shift keying (phase-shift keying) PSK, wherein FSK is used for the application of the low data transmission rate of shallow water, and PSK is mainly used in the application of deep water and high data transmission rate, but these underwater sound modulator-demodulators are already to set messaging parameter before being deployed to marine environment, can not regulate its modulation demodulation system and data transmission rate according to real-time underwater sound channel situation.
In addition, when realizing having the modulator-demodulator of more modulation demodulation mode based on the traditional hardware method for designing, need all modulation demodulation systems are realized at hardware device simultaneously, but in particular channel situation sometime, only have best modulation demodulation system in running order, and other modulation demodulation systems are unwanted, and the more modulation demodulation mode has been consumed than the more hardware resource of actual needs in hard-wired method simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the error rate of communicating by letter between each node of the underwater wireless sensor network that causes for the time-varying characteristics that solve above-mentioned underwater sound channel is high, energy consumption is large, the invention provides a kind of dynamic reconfigurable underwater sound modulator-demodulator and communication means thereof, on the one hand determine best modulation demodulation system and the data transmission rate thereof of communicating by letter between two acoustic modems according to real-time channel detection result, the implementation of dynamic reconfigurable has been adopted in the underwater sound modulation /demodulation on the other hand, has reduced the resource consumption that modem hardware is realized.
One object of the present invention is to provide a kind of dynamic reconfigurable underwater sound modulator-demodulator.
Underwater sound modulator-demodulator of the present invention comprises: transducer, underwater acoustic transducer, analog front circuit, analog to digital converter, digital to analog converter and digital signal processing module; Analog front circuit comprises receiving circuit and radiating circuit; Digital signal processing module further comprises processor, Channel Detection module, bit synchronization module, demodulation module and modulation module; Wherein, underwater acoustic transducer is converted to analog electrical signal with the acoustic energy signal that receives, and is sent to receiving circuit; Receiving circuit is connected to analog to digital converter, converts analog electrical signal to digital data transmission and transfers to demodulation module to the Channel Detection module or by the bit synchronization module; Channel Detection module, demodulation module and modulation module link to each other with processor respectively; Transducer transfers to processor with the underwater signal that receives; Processor transmits signals to modulation module; Signal after modulation module will be modulated is sent to digital to analog converter; Digital to analog converter converts digital signal to analog electrical signal and transfers to radiating circuit; Radiating circuit transfers to underwater acoustic transducer with analog electrical signal, converts acoustical signal to and launches.
Digital signal processing module of the present invention is realized based on field programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array) FPGA device.FPGA is divided into static part and dynamic reconfigurable part, and wherein, static part comprises processor, Channel Detection module and synchronization module, and dynamic reconfigurable partly comprises demodulation module and modulation module.The present invention adopts the FPGA device, is the device of semi-custom circuit, has both solved the deficiency of custom circuit, has overcome again the limited shortcoming of original programming device gate circuit number, has reduced simultaneously power consumption.
With the underwater wireless sensor network of underwater sound modulator-demodulator of the present invention as the node formation, communicate between two underwater sound modulator-demodulators, respectively as transmitting node and receiving node, transmitting node is emitted to receiving node with the signal that its transducer receives, and detailed process is as follows: transmitting node is to receiving node emission Channel Detection signal; The underwater acoustic transducer of receiving node receives this signal, transfers to the Channel Detection module through receiving circuit and analog to digital converter; The Channel Detection module is carried out Channel Detection, obtains channel parameter, transfers to processor; Processor then sends modulation module according to definite data transmission rate and the modulation demodulation system that communicates of the situation of channel between the two; Through digital to analog converter and radiating circuit, send it back transmitting node by underwater acoustic transducer; Transmitting node receives signal, transmits to receiving node according to established data transfer rate and modulation demodulation system.Thereby underwater sound modulator-demodulator of the present invention can be determined to have improved best modulation demodulation system and the data transmission rate thereof of communicating by letter between two acoustic modems resource utilization, thereby reduced energy consumption according to real-time channel detection result.
Because the underwater sound channel has time-varying characteristics, according to the situation of channel, the underwater sound modulator-demodulator is operated under the different modulation demodulation systems to provide different data transmission rates, the different multiple different modulation demodulation systems of channel situation needs; And in particular channel situation sometime, only have best modulation demodulation system in running order, and other modulation demodulation systems are unwanted, if the more modulation demodulation mode is realized at hardware simultaneously, have then consumed than the more hardware resource of actual needs.Therefore, the present invention further comprises the chip external memory that links to each other with FPGA, and the more modulation demodulation mode is stored in chip external memory with the form of the data streaming file that FPGA can identify.The more modulation demodulation mode comprises frequency shift keying (Frequency-shift keying) FSK, phase shift keying (phase-shift keying) PSK, direct sequence spread spectrum (DirectSequence Spread Spectrum) DSSS and OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) OFDM, and each modulation demodulation system is corresponding with certain data transmission rate.After processor is determined to be fit to the best modulation demodulation system of current channel according to the channel detection result of Channel Detection module, from chip external memory, load the data streaming file of corresponding modulation demodulation system, modulation module and demodulation module are carried out the dynamic reconfigurable configuration, can realize the communication with this modulation demodulation system.Therefore, the present invention adopts the dynamic reconfigurable configuration, can make the underwater sound modulator-demodulator according to real-time channel situation, adopt best modulation demodulation system, between different modulation demodulation systems, switch freely, and modulation demodulation system that will be not all realizes on FPGA simultaneously, thereby has reduced the hard-wired resource of digital signal processing module.
Demodulation module under the different modulation demodulation system of the present invention has identical interface with modulation module.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of communication means of dynamic reconfigurable underwater sound modulator-demodulator.
With the underwater wireless sensor network of above-mentioned underwater sound modulator-demodulator as the node formation, communicate between two underwater sound modulator-demodulators, as transmitting node and receiving node, the communication means of underwater sound modulator-demodulator may further comprise the steps respectively:
1) transmitting node is to receiving node emission Channel Detection signal;
2) underwater acoustic transducer of receiving node receives this signal, transfers to the Channel Detection module through receiving circuit and analog to digital converter, and the Channel Detection module is carried out Channel Detection, obtains channel parameter, transfers to processor;
3) processor of receiving node is according to definite data transmission rate and the modulation demodulation system that communicates between the two of the situation of channel, and the dynamic reconfigurable of finishing modulation module and demodulation module disposes, then data transmission rate and the modulation demodulation system with communication sends modulation module to, through digital to analog converter and radiating circuit, send it back transmitting node by underwater acoustic transducer, finish afterwards the dynamic reconfigurable configuration to modulation module and demodulation module;
4) underwater acoustic transducer of transmitting node receives signal, through receiving circuit and analog to digital converter, by bit synchronization module and demodulation module, processor receives data transmission rate and the modulation demodulation system of communication, finishes the dynamic reconfigurable configuration to modulation module and demodulation module;
5) transmitting node signal to be transmitted that transducer is collected, according to established data transfer rate and modulation demodulation system, after the modulation module modulation, through digital to analog converter, radiating circuit and underwater acoustic transducer, be emitted to receiving node, communicate with receiving node.
Wherein, step 3) and 4) in, after processor is determined to be fit to the best modulation demodulation system of current channel according to the channel detection result of Channel Detection module, data streaming file from the modulation demodulation system corresponding with loading the continuous chip external memory of FPGA carries out the dynamic reconfigurable configuration to modulation module and demodulation module.
Advantage of the present invention:
The dynamic reconfigurable underwater sound modulator-demodulator that the present invention proposes, before communication, the underwater sound channel is detected, determine data transmission rate and the best modulation demodulation system of communication according to the result of Channel Detection, compare with the modulator-demodulator of difference channel situation design, improve the utilance of band resource, thereby reduced energy consumption; The present invention adopts the dynamic reconfigurable configuration, can make the underwater sound modulator-demodulator according to real-time channel situation, adopt best modulation demodulation system, between different modulation demodulation systems, switch freely, and modulation demodulation system that will be not all realizes on FPGA simultaneously, has reduced the hard-wired resource of digital signal processing module.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of an embodiment of a kind of dynamic reconfigurable underwater sound modulator-demodulator of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of an embodiment communicating between two dynamic reconfigurable underwater sound modulator-demodulators of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, further describe the present invention by embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, the underwater sound modulator-demodulator of present embodiment comprises: transducer 0, underwater acoustic transducer 1, analog front circuit, analog to digital converter 4, digital to analog converter 5 and digital signal processing module; Analog front circuit comprises receiving circuit 2 and radiating circuit 3; Digital signal processing module further comprises processor 8, Channel Detection module 7, bit synchronization module 6, demodulation module 11 and modulation module 10; Wherein, underwater acoustic transducer 1 is converted to the signal of telecommunication with the acoustic energy signal that receives, and is sent to receiving circuit 2; Receiving circuit 2 is connected to analog to digital converter 4, converts the electrical signal to digital data transmission and transfers to demodulation module 11 to Channel Detection module 7 or by bit synchronization module 6; Channel Detection module 7, demodulation module 11 and modulation module 10 link to each other with processor 8 respectively; Transducer 0 transfers to processor 8 with the underwater signal that receives; Processor 8 transmits signals to modulation module 10; Signal after modulation module 10 will be modulated is sent to digital to analog converter 5; Digital to analog converter 5 converts digital signal to electric signal transmission to radiating circuit 3; Radiating circuit 3 to underwater acoustic transducer 1, converts electric signal transmission acoustical signal to and launches.
Underwater sound modulator-demodulator of the present invention transmits and receives signal as the node of underwater wireless sensor network, is in emission mode when transmitting, and is in receiving mode when receiving signal.Transducer 1 can be made by piezoceramic material, realize conversion and the inverse transform of the signal of telecommunication and acoustic signals, underwater acoustic transducer 1 is converted to analog electrical signal with the acoustic signals that receives when receiving mode, and underwater acoustic transducer 1 is that acoustic signals sends with analog signal conversion when emission mode; Analog front circuit comprises receiving circuit 2 and radiating circuit 3, and receiving circuit 2 is when acoustic modem is in receiving mode under water, and the signal of telecommunication of transducer 1 conversion is carried out filtering and amplification; Radiating circuit 3 carries out power amplification with signal when acoustic modem is in emission mode under water; Analog to digital converter 4 realizes that analog signal is to the conversion of digital signal when receiving mode; And digital to analog converter 5 realizes that when emission mode digital signal is to the conversion of analog signal; Digital signal processing module is realized the modulation and demodulation of signal, realizes based on the FPGA device, comprises bit synchronization module 6, Channel Detection module 7, processor 8, modulation module 10 and demodulation module 11, and modulation module 10 and demodulation module 11 consist of modulation /demodulation module 9.
The underwater sound modulator-demodulator is operated under the semiduplex mode, processor 8 sends to modulation module 10 with information to be sent when emission mode, digital signal after the modulation is through behind the digital to analog converter 5, being converted to acoustic signals through underwater acoustic transducer 1 after outputting analog signal, analog signal amplify in radiating circuit 3 sends; Underwater acoustic transducer 1 is converted to analog electrical signal with the acoustic signals that receives when receiving mode, in receiving circuit 2 after the amplification filtering, analog signal is converted into digital signal in analog to digital converter 4, after synchronous through bit synchronization module 6 completion bits, the demodulation result of the output of demodulation module 11 sends to processor 8.
The underwater sound modulator-demodulator may be operated under the different modulation demodulation systems according to channel situation, so that different data transmission rates to be provided, but under particular channel, only have a kind of modulation demodulation system of the best to communicate, therefore modulation module and demodulation module 9 are defined as the dynamic reconfigurable module, after finishing the hardware designs of every kind of modulation demodulation system, with every kind of possible modulation demodulation system, such as FSK, PSK, DSSS and OFDM, the data streaming file that can identify with FPGA, be stored in the chip external memory 12 that is connected with FPGA such as the .bit file, after processor 8 is determined to be fit to the best modulation demodulation system of current channel according to the channel detection result of Channel Detection module 7, from chip external memory 12, load corresponding data streaming file such as FSK.bit, mode transfer piece 9 is conciliate in modulation carry out the dynamic reconfigurable configuration, can realize afterwards the communication with this modulation demodulation system.
As shown in Figure 2, the underwater wireless sensor network that consists of as node with the underwater sound modulator-demodulator of present embodiment, communicate between two underwater sound modulator-demodulators, respectively as transmitting node and receiving node, the communication means of underwater sound modulator-demodulator may further comprise the steps:
1) transmitting node specifically can send linear FM signal to receiving node emission Channel Detection signal;
2) underwater acoustic transducer of receiving node receives this signal, transfer to the Channel Detection module through receiving circuit and analog to digital converter, the Channel Detection module is carried out Channel Detection, obtains channel parameter, transfer to processor, channel parameter comprises Doppler frequency shift, Multipath Transmission time-delay and signal to noise ratio;
3) processor of receiving node is according to definite data transmission rate and the modulation demodulation system that communicates between the two of the situation of channel, for example can to carry out data transmission rate be 200 communication to FSK, it is 1000 communication that PSK can carry out data transmission rate, then data transmission rate and the modulation demodulation system with communication sends modulation module to, through digital to analog converter and radiating circuit, send it back transmitting node by underwater acoustic transducer, from chip external memory 12, load afterwards corresponding data streaming file, finish the dynamic reconfigurable configuration of modulation module and demodulation module;
4) underwater acoustic transducer of transmitting node receives signal, through receiving circuit and analog to digital converter, by bit synchronization module and demodulation module, processor receives data transmission rate and the modulation demodulation system of communication, from chip external memory 12, load corresponding data streaming file, finish the dynamic reconfigurable configuration of modulation module and demodulation module;
5) transmitting node signal to be transmitted that transducer is collected, according to established data transfer rate and modulation demodulation system, after the modulation module modulation, through digital to analog converter, radiating circuit and underwater acoustic transducer, be emitted to receiving node, communicate with receiving node.
It should be noted that at last: although this specification is described design parameter of the present invention and structure in detail by specific embodiment; but it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art; implementation of the present invention is not limited to the description scope of embodiment; within not breaking away from essence of the present invention and spiritual scope; can carry out various modifications and replacement to the present invention, so protection scope of the present invention is looked the claim scope and is defined.
Claims (7)
1. underwater sound modulator-demodulator, it is characterized in that described underwater sound modulator-demodulator comprises: transducer (0), underwater acoustic transducer (1), analog front circuit, analog to digital converter (4), digital to analog converter (5) and digital signal processing module; Analog front circuit comprises receiving circuit (2) and radiating circuit (3); Digital signal processing module further comprises processor (8), Channel Detection module (7), bit synchronization module (6), demodulation module (11) and modulation module (10); Wherein, underwater acoustic transducer (1) is converted to analog electrical signal with the acoustic energy signal that receives, and is sent to receiving circuit (2); Receiving circuit (2) is connected to analog to digital converter (4), converts analog electrical signal to digital data transmission and transfers to demodulation module (11) to Channel Detection module (7) or by bit synchronization module (6); Channel Detection module (7), demodulation module (11) and modulation module (10) link to each other with processor (8) respectively; Transducer (0) transfers to processor (8) with the underwater signal that detects; Processor (8) transmits signals to modulation module (10); Signal after modulation module (10) will be modulated is sent to digital to analog converter (5); Digital to analog converter (5) converts digital signal to analog electrical signal and transfers to radiating circuit (3); Radiating circuit (3) transfers to underwater acoustic transducer (1) with analog electrical signal, converts acoustical signal to and launches.
2. underwater sound modulator-demodulator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described digital signal processing module is realized based on the on-site programmable gate array FPGA device.
3. underwater sound modulator-demodulator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, further comprise the chip external memory (12) that links to each other with FPGA, the more modulation demodulation mode is stored in described chip external memory (12) with the form of the data streaming file that FPGA can identify.
4. underwater sound modulator-demodulator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, under the different modulation demodulation systems, described demodulation module (11) has identical interface with modulation module (10).
5. the communication means of one kind underwater sound modulator-demodulator, it is characterized in that, with the underwater wireless sensor network of underwater sound modulator-demodulator claimed in claim 1 as the node formation, communicate between two underwater sound modulator-demodulators, as transmitting node and receiving node, described communication means may further comprise the steps respectively:
1) transmitting node is to receiving node emission Channel Detection signal;
2) underwater acoustic transducer of receiving node receives this signal, transfers to the Channel Detection module through receiving circuit and analog to digital converter, and the Channel Detection module is carried out Channel Detection, obtains channel parameter, transfers to processor;
3) processor of receiving node is according to definite data transmission rate and the modulation demodulation system that communicates between the two of the situation of channel, then data transmission rate and the modulation demodulation system with communication sends modulation module to, through digital to analog converter and radiating circuit, send it back transmitting node by underwater acoustic transducer, finish afterwards the dynamic reconfigurable configuration of modulation module and demodulation module;
4) underwater acoustic transducer of transmitting node receives signal, through receiving circuit and analog to digital converter, by bit synchronization module and demodulation module, processor receives data transmission rate and the modulation demodulation system of communication, finishes the dynamic reconfigurable configuration of modulation module and demodulation module;
5) transmitting node signal to be transmitted that transducer is collected, according to established data transfer rate and modulation demodulation system, after the modulation module modulation, through digital to analog converter, radiating circuit and underwater acoustic transducer, be emitted to receiving node, communicate with receiving node.
6. communication means as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, in step 3) and 4) in, after processor is determined to be fit to the best modulation demodulation system of current channel according to the channel detection result of Channel Detection module, data streaming file from the modulation demodulation system corresponding with loading the continuous chip external memory of FPGA carries out the dynamic reconfigurable configuration to modulation module and demodulation module.
7. communication means as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, in step 2) in, described channel parameter comprises Doppler frequency shift, Multipath Transmission time-delay and signal to noise ratio.
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