CN103064782A - Method and device for obtaining control - Google Patents
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- CN103064782A CN103064782A CN2011103226538A CN201110322653A CN103064782A CN 103064782 A CN103064782 A CN 103064782A CN 2011103226538 A CN2011103226538 A CN 2011103226538A CN 201110322653 A CN201110322653 A CN 201110322653A CN 103064782 A CN103064782 A CN 103064782A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for obtaining a control and belongs to the technical field of computers. The method for obtaining the control includes the steps: according to a java reflex mechanism, obtaining a first basic control and a first sealing control which are on a current interface in a dynamic mode; traversing a second basic control in the first sealing control in a recursion mode, and enabling the first basic control and the second basic control to be used as a third basic control; according to the third basic control, obtaining a visual control of the current interface; and looking up and obtaining a basic control which satisfies predetermined attribute information in the visual control of the current interface. The method and the device for obtaining the control can fully achieve android automatic testing and enable automation coverage rate to be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of computer technology, particularly obtain method and the device of control in a kind of Android automatic test.
Background technology
Along with the Android system being widely used of field of mobile phones, also become more and more important for the Android automatic test of mobile phone.In the Android automatic test, great majority are based on the automatic test of control at present, by obtaining the particular control of current interface, then control are triggered the operation that associative operation is simulated the people, reach the robotization effect.
Control in the Android system all is to inherit in base class View, and described control comprises basic control and encapsulation control; The encapsulation control comprises a plurality of child controls, and the encapsulation control is the control that a plurality of child controls are packaged together, and as shown in Figure 1, wherein each described child control can be the encapsulation control, also can be basic control, but the child control that encapsulates the bottom of control is basic control.In the existing Android automatic test, the Android system obtains the particular control of current interface by calling FindViewById () function, but FindViewById () function is only for the non-encapsulation control (being basic control) of Android system; For the encapsulation control, call the child control in the encapsulation control that FindViewById () function can't get access to current interface, realize automatic test so just can not trigger associative operation to child control, can only stop the Android automatic test.
In realizing process of the present invention, the inventor finds that there is following problem at least in prior art: in the existing Android automatic test, the FindViewById () function of Android system call can only obtain the non-encapsulation control (being basic control) of current interface, can't obtain the child control in the encapsulation control of current interface, so that some function in the Android automatic test or scene can't robotizations, the robotization coverage rate lowers.
Summary of the invention
In order to improve the robotization coverage rate in the Android automatic test, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method and device that obtains control.Described technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of method of obtaining control comprises:
According to the Java reflex mechanism, the first basic control of Dynamic Acquisition current interface and the first encapsulation control;
Recurrence travels through out the second basic control of described the first encapsulation in the control, with the described first basic control and the described second basic control as the 3rd basic control;
Obtain the visible control of current interface according to the described the 3rd basic control;
In the visible control of described current interface, search and obtain the basic control that meets predetermined attribute information.
A kind of device that obtains control comprises:
The Dynamic Acquisition module is used for according to the Java reflex mechanism, the first basic control of Dynamic Acquisition current interface and the first encapsulation control;
The 3rd basic control acquisition module is used for the second basic control that recurrence travels through out described the first encapsulation control, with the described first basic control and the described second basic control as the 3rd basic control;
As seen control acquisition module is used for obtaining according to the described the 3rd basic control the visible control of current interface;
Acquisition module: be used for searching and obtain the basic control that meets predetermined attribute information at the visible control of described current interface.
The beneficial effect that the technical scheme that the embodiment of the invention provides is brought is: the present embodiment travels through all basic controls that the second basic control in the envelope first dress control obtains current interface by recurrence in the Android automatic test; Then after described all basic controls being carried out relevant treatment, to the basic control that meets predetermined attribute information, the prior art of comparing can complete realization Android automatic test, so that the raising of robotization coverage rate according to the predetermined attribute acquisition of information.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention, the accompanying drawing of required use was done to introduce simply during the below will describe embodiment, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the encapsulation control that provides of prior art;
Fig. 2 is a kind of process flow diagram that obtains the embodiment of the method for control that the embodiment of the invention 1 provides;
Fig. 3 is a kind of process flow diagram that obtains the embodiment of the method for control that the embodiment of the invention 2 provides;
Fig. 4 is control structural representation on the Activity assembly that provides of the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 5 is a kind of structural representation that obtains the device embodiment of control that the embodiment of the invention 3 provides;
Fig. 6 is a kind of structural representation that obtains the device embodiment of control that the embodiment of the invention 4 provides.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method and device that obtains control.
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, embodiment of the present invention is described further in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1
With reference to figure 2, Fig. 2 is a kind of process flow diagram that obtains the embodiment of the method for control that the embodiment of the invention 1 provides; The present embodiment is applied in the Android automatic test, and the described method of obtaining control comprises:
S101: according to the Java reflex mechanism, the first basic control of Dynamic Acquisition current interface and the first encapsulation control.
S102: recurrence travels through out the second basic control of described the first encapsulation in the control, with the described first basic control and the described second basic control as the 3rd basic control.
S103: the visible control that obtains current interface according to the described the 3rd basic control.
S104: search and obtain the basic control that meets predetermined attribute information in the visible control of described current interface.
The present embodiment travels through all basic controls that the second basic control of the first encapsulation in the control obtains current interface by recurrence in the Android automatic test; Then after described all basic controls being carried out relevant treatment, to the basic control that meets predetermined attribute information, the prior art of comparing can complete realization Android automatic test, so that the raising of robotization coverage rate according to the predetermined attribute acquisition of information.
Embodiment 2
With reference to figure 3, Fig. 3 is a kind of process flow diagram that obtains the embodiment of the method for control that the embodiment of the invention 2 provides; The present embodiment is applied in the Android automatic test, and the described method of obtaining control comprises:
S201: according to the Java reflex mechanism, the first basic control of Dynamic Acquisition current interface and the first encapsulation control.
The method of Dynamic Acquisition information and dynamic call object is called the java reflex mechanism; The Java reflex mechanism mainly provides following functions: the class under judging any one object in when operation; When operation, construct the object of any one class; When operation, judge member variable and the method that any one class has; Method at any one object of run time call; Generate dynamic proxy.
In the Android system, when application program is moved, application program all is to be processed by Window Manager (window management person) to user's response, by special object (for example: the WindowManagerImpl class, but be not limited to this) described response is passed through all controls on the Activity assembly of Android, described control comprises basic control and encapsulation control, as shown in Figure 4, Fig. 4 is control structural representation on the Activity assembly that provides of the embodiment of the invention 2.
As shown in Figure 4, View (demonstration) 0, View2, View3, View4 and View5 are the basic controls in the Android system; ViewGroup (demonstration group) the 1st, the encapsulation control comprises basic control View3, View4 and View5 among the described encapsulation control ViewGroup1.
Basic control in the wherein said Android system comprises: TextView (text display control), Button (button control), ImageButton (picture buttons control), ImageView (Image Display control), CheckBox (check box control), RadioButton (radio box control) and AnalogClock (clock and watch (with dial plate the sort of) control); DigitalClock (electronic watch control).
Wherein, the superiors' window that described Window Manager is application program can be called main window with WindowManager with reference to the concept of Window, and its major function is input method management, newly-increased deletion window and active window management etc.
Described WindowManagerImpl class is the agency of Window Manager service, connects the bridge between Window Manager and the Activity, is responsible for communication between the two; Described WindowManagerImpl class comprises all controls on the Activity, and described all controls comprise basic control and encapsulation control, and described all controls can be stored in the private variable of WindowManagerImpl class, but are not limited to this.
Described Activity assembly is assembly the most frequently used among the Android, it is the presentation layer of application program, Activity generally realizes the user interface of application program by View, be equivalent to a screen, the realizing by the Activity assembly alternately of user and application program.
According to the Java reflex mechanism, the first basic control of Dynamic Acquisition current interface and the first encapsulation control comprise:
According to the Java reflex mechanism, the association attributes of Dynamic Acquisition WindowManagerImpl class; Wherein said association attributes can be the private variable of WindowManagerImpl class, is storing the first basic control of current interface and the control collection that the first encapsulation control forms in the described private variable;
Travel through the control collection in the described private variable, obtain the first basic control and the first encapsulation control of current interface.
S202: recurrence travels through out the second basic control in described the first encapsulation control.
In the present embodiment, the second basic control that recurrence travels through out in described the first encapsulation control comprises:
1) child control in described the first encapsulation control of traversal;
2) judge whether described child control comprises the second encapsulation control, if so, recurrence travels through the child control in described the second encapsulation control, until all child controls in described the second encapsulation control are till the basic control;
Particularly, if described child control comprises the second encapsulation control, then continue recurrence and travel through the child control of described the second encapsulation in the control, so circulation is until all child controls in described the second encapsulation control stop circulation when being basic control.
3) obtain the described first the second basic control that encapsulates in the control, the wherein said second basic control is described all child controls.
S203: with the described first basic control and the described second basic control as the 3rd basic control.
Travel through out described first all child controls that encapsulate in the control in recurrence, namely after the second basic control, the described second basic control is merged the described first basic control that gets access among the S201 consist of the 3rd basic control of current interface, thereby get access to the 3rd basic control of current interface.
The 3rd basic control of described current interface can be stored with the form of list of controls.
S204: the visible control that obtains current interface according to the described the 3rd basic control.
In the practical application, whether control all has visible attribute information, and described attribute information can be used for representing in current interface whether as seen described control;
Particularly, when described attribute information when being visible, described control is visible control; When described attribute information when being invisible, described control is invisible control.
For the Android automatic test, generally be that the visible control to current interface carries out corresponding operating, realize automatic test, therefore need to obtain the visible control of current interface.
In the practical application, the described visible control that obtains current interface according to the described the 3rd basic control comprises:
Delete the invisible control in the described the 3rd basic control, obtain the visible control of described current interface.
When not having invisible control in the described the 3rd basic control, then keep the described the 3rd basic control.
S205: in the visible control of described current interface, search and obtain the basic control that meets predetermined attribute information.
For different controls, can obtain particular control according to the attribute information of control; Described attribute information comprises: the pictorial information of the id information of control, the Word message of control or control.
For example: for ImageView, described predetermined attribute information can be the pictorial informations such as picture size, picture format or literal of ImageView; So can obtain basic control ImageView by in the visible control of described current interface, searching the control that meets described pictorial information.
For Button, described predetermined attribute information can be the Word message of Button; So can obtain basic control Button by in the visible control of described current interface, searching the control that meets described Word message.
Certainly, also can obtain by the id information of control basic control, not repeat them here.
S206: trigger the described basic control that meets predetermined attribute information, carry out the Android automatic test.
After getting access to the basic control that meets predetermined attribute information according to predetermined attribute information, trigger the described associative operation that meets the basic control of predetermined attribute information, realize complete Android automatic test.
The present embodiment travels through all basic controls that the second basic control of the first encapsulation in the control obtains current interface by recurrence in the Android automatic test; Then after described all basic controls being carried out relevant treatment, the basic control that meets predetermined attribute information according to the predetermined attribute acquisition of information, and then trigger described basic control and realize automatic test, the prior art of comparing, the present embodiment can complete realization Android automatic test, so that the robotization coverage rate improves.
Embodiment 3
With reference to figure 5, Fig. 5 is a kind of structural representation that obtains the device embodiment of control that the embodiment of the invention 3 provides; The described device that obtains control comprises:
The 3rd basic control acquisition module 302 is used for the second basic control that recurrence travels through out described the first encapsulation control, with the described first basic control and the described second basic control as the 3rd basic control.
As seen the control acquisition module 303, are used for obtaining according to the described the 3rd basic control the visible control of current interface.
Acquisition module 304: be used for searching and obtain the basic control that meets predetermined attribute information at the visible control of described current interface.
The present embodiment travels through all basic controls that the second basic control of the first encapsulation in the control obtains current interface by recurrence in the Android automatic test; Then after described all basic controls being carried out relevant treatment, the basic control that meets predetermined attribute information according to the predetermined attribute acquisition of information, and then trigger described basic control and realize automatic test, the prior art of comparing, the present embodiment can complete realization Android automatic test, so that the robotization coverage rate improves.
Embodiment 4
With reference to figure 6, Fig. 6 is a kind of structural representation that obtains the device embodiment of control that the embodiment of the invention 4 provides; The described device that obtains control comprises: Dynamic Acquisition module 301, the 3rd basic control acquisition module 302, visible control acquisition module 303, acquisition module 304 and trigger module 305.
The functional similarity of Dynamic Acquisition module 301 and acquisition module 304 does not repeat them here described in described Dynamic Acquisition module 301 and acquisition module 304 and the embodiment 3, specifically can be with reference to the associated description of embodiment 3.
The described the 3rd basic control acquisition module 302 comprises: recurrence traversal submodule 3021 and the 3rd basic control obtain submodule 3022;
Described recurrence traversal submodule 3021 is used for the second basic control that recurrence travels through out described the first encapsulation control;
Wherein, described recurrence traversal submodule 3021 comprises the traversal unit, judges processing unit and the second basic control acquiring unit;
Described traversal unit is for the child control that travels through described the first encapsulation control.
Described judgement processing unit is used for judging whether described child control comprises the second encapsulation control, and if so, recurrence travels through the child control in described the second encapsulation control, until all child controls in described the second encapsulation control are till the basic control.
The described second basic control acquiring unit, for the second basic control that obtains described the first encapsulation control, the wherein said second basic control is described all child controls.
The described the 3rd basic control obtains submodule 3022, is used for the described first basic control and the described second basic control as the 3rd basic control.
Described visible control acquisition module 303 comprises: visible control obtains submodule 3031;
Described visible control obtains submodule 3031, is used for deleting the invisible control of the described the 3rd basic control, obtains the visible control of current interface.
Described trigger module 305 is used for triggering the described basic control that meets predetermined attribute information, carries out the Android automatic test.
The present embodiment travels through all basic controls that all child controls in the encapsulation control obtain current interface by recurrence in the Android automatic test; Then after described all basic controls being carried out relevant treatment, according to predetermined attribute acquisition of information particular control, and then trigger described control and realize automatic test, the prior art of comparing, the present embodiment can complete realization Android automatic test, so that the robotization coverage rate improves.
Need to prove, each embodiment in this instructions all adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed is and the difference of other embodiment that identical similar part is mutually referring to getting final product between each embodiment.For device class embodiment because itself and embodiment of the method basic simlarity, so describe fairly simple, relevant part gets final product referring to the part explanation of embodiment of the method.
Need to prove, in this article, term " comprises ", " comprising " or its any other variant are intended to contain comprising of nonexcludability, thereby not only comprise those key elements so that comprise process, method, article or the equipment of a series of key elements, but also comprise other key elements of clearly not listing, or also be included as the intrinsic key element of this process, method, article or equipment.In the situation that not more restrictions, the key element that is limited by statement " comprising ... ", and be not precluded within process, method, article or the equipment that comprises described key element and also have other identical element.
The all or part of step that one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that realization above-described embodiment can be finished by hardware, also can come the relevant hardware of instruction to finish by program, described program can be stored in a kind of computer-readable recording medium, the above-mentioned storage medium of mentioning can be ROM (read-only memory), disk or CD etc.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a method of obtaining control is characterized in that, comprising:
According to the Java reflex mechanism, the first basic control of Dynamic Acquisition current interface and the first encapsulation control;
Recurrence travels through out the second basic control of described the first encapsulation in the control, with the described first basic control and the described second basic control as the 3rd basic control;
Obtain the visible control of current interface according to the described the 3rd basic control;
In the visible control of described current interface, search and obtain the basic control that meets predetermined attribute information.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the second basic control that described recurrence travels through out in described the first encapsulation control comprises:
Travel through the child control in described the first encapsulation control;
Judge whether described child control comprises the second encapsulation control, if so, recurrence travels through the child control in described the second encapsulation control, until all child controls in described the second encapsulation control are till the basic control;
Obtain the second basic control in described the first encapsulation control, the wherein said second basic control is described all child controls.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described visible control that obtains current interface according to the described the 3rd basic control comprises:
Delete the invisible control in the described the 3rd basic control, obtain the visible control of described current interface.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described predetermined attribute information comprises: the pictorial information of the id information of control, the Word message of control or control.
5. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described in the visible control of described current interface, search and obtain meet predetermined attribute information basic control after further comprise:
Trigger the described basic control that meets predetermined attribute information, carry out the Android automatic test.
6. a device that obtains control is characterized in that, comprising:
The Dynamic Acquisition module is used for according to the Java reflex mechanism, the first basic control of Dynamic Acquisition current interface and the first encapsulation control;
The 3rd basic control acquisition module is used for the second basic control that recurrence travels through out described the first encapsulation control, with the described first basic control and the described second basic control as the 3rd basic control;
As seen control acquisition module is used for obtaining according to the described the 3rd basic control the visible control of current interface;
Acquisition module: be used for searching and obtain the basic control that meets predetermined attribute information at the visible control of described current interface.
7. device according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the described the 3rd basic control acquisition module comprises:
Recurrence traversal submodule is used for the second basic control that recurrence travels through out described the first encapsulation control;
The 3rd basic control obtains submodule, is used for the described first basic control and the described second basic control as the 3rd basic control.
8. device according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described recurrence traversal submodule comprises:
The traversal unit is for the child control that travels through described the first encapsulation control;
Judge processing unit, be used for judging whether described child control comprises the second encapsulation control, if so, recurrence travels through the child control in described the second encapsulation control, until all child controls in described the second encapsulation control are till the basic control;
The second basic control acquiring unit, for the second basic control that obtains described the first encapsulation control, the wherein said second basic control is described all child controls.
9. device according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described visible control acquisition module comprises:
As seen control obtains submodule, is used for deleting the invisible control of the described the 3rd basic control, obtains the visible control of current interface.
10. device according to claim 6 is characterized in that, further comprises:
Trigger module is used for triggering the described basic control that meets predetermined attribute information, carries out the Android automatic test.
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| CN103064782B (en) | 2017-03-15 |
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