CN103058450B - Treatment device for fouling organisms and water delivery engineering system - Google Patents

Treatment device for fouling organisms and water delivery engineering system Download PDF

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CN103058450B
CN103058450B CN201110317506.1A CN201110317506A CN103058450B CN 103058450 B CN103058450 B CN 103058450B CN 201110317506 A CN201110317506 A CN 201110317506A CN 103058450 B CN103058450 B CN 103058450B
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water
flow channels
settling bowl
biological attachment
pond
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CN103058450A (en
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王兆印
徐梦珍
叶宝民
王旭昭
袁宝招
赵娜
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a treatment device for fouling organisms, in particular to a treatment device for fouling organisms in water delivery engineering and a water delivery engineering system with the treatment device for the fouling organisms. The treatment device comprises a water inlet, an organism attachment tank, a sedimentation tank and a water outlet which are connected sequentially; the organism attachment tank is in continuous communication connection with the sedimentation tank; and the treatment device can further comprise a pulsation killing passage. By arranging the device at the water inlet end of the water delivery engineering, larvae of the fouling organisms carried in the delivered water can be effectively filtered and killed, so that attachment of the fouling organisms in the water delivery engineering is eliminated or reduced, and organism fouling is avoided or reduced.

Description

A kind of controlling device of fouling organism and a kind of water delivery engineering system
Technical field
The present invention relates to the controlling device of fouling organism in a kind of controlling device of fouling organism, particularly water delivery engineering and there is the water delivery engineering system of the controlling device of this fouling organism.
Background technology
Often growing in all kinds of water delivery engineerings inside has a large amount of fouling organisms and underwater engineering object is caused to serious biodeterioration, its conveyance power of water that directly harm is to reduce water delivery engineering is, the operation and maintenance cost of the work-ing life of shortening water delivery engineering and increase water delivery, even can have influence on the normal operation of water delivery engineering, so that cause operational trouble or security incident.
Described water delivery engineering refers to pipeline, box culvert, tunnel and the appurtenant work thereof of carrying fresh water or salt water, such as life, the water delivery engineering of process water, the water delivery engineering of factory's water coolant, the water delivery engineering of sea water desaltination etc.; Described engineering object refers to the operational outfit of the water delivery engineerings such as the structure object of water delivery engineering and water pump, gate valve, and the material of engineering object is mainly cement, metal, timber, plastics.Described fouling organism, refers to and grows in the bottom-dwelling adult that in water delivery engineering, battalion adheres to or set is lived and underwater engineering object caused to biodeterioration; Described biodeterioration refers to that described fouling organism is at the raised growth of engineering body surface, cause equipment can not normally move, effectively the reduction of water delivery caliber and to after the burn into death of engineering body surface to the pollution of water body etc.
Described fouling organism species have a lot, natural pond clam (Limnopema fortunei such as Mytilidae, be commonly called as fresh water mussel, the domestic unique fresh water species of China), zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha, English zebra mussels, the invasive species that America is famous, live in seawater), Mytilus edulis (Mytilus edulis), the multiple mussels such as Perna uiridis (Linnaeus) (Perna viridis), also has arthropods barnacle (Arthropoda, Crustachia, cirrus order, Balanidae), oyster (Mollusca, lamellibranchiata, Anamorpha, Margarita order), and sponge, crinosity annelid, Ascidian etc.
The vitality of described fouling organism is very strong, very serious sometimes to the stained degree of underwater engineering object.For example fresh water fouling organism natural pond clam, calls and has stubbornly refused or stubbornly refused to lose, and is Mytilidae mollusk.There is shell protection on its top layer, and has the characteristic of lower oxygen concentration resistance, once growth is just difficult to be killed removal in water delivery engineering.The underwater environment of water delivery engineering is well suited for the growth of natural pond clam, so that its speed of growth is very fast, is attached to the growth of the natural pond clam one stacked one deck on the engineering objects such as water pipe wall, gate valve, the growth thickness of 1 year can reach several centimetres, density is up to 10,000-100,000/m 2, not only make effective water delivery caliber reduction, and can corrode tube wall; Gate valve cannot normally be opened or close after being wrapped up by natural pond clam; After the clam natural death of natural pond, smelly polluted water can go bad; The shell splitting away off, deposits in a large number in pipeline turning point or crotch, causes that pipeline water flow is not smooth, affects the conveyance power of water of pipeline.Therefore, eliminate that natural pond clam in water delivery engineering is stained just becomes a realistic problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.It is reported, the engineering of carrying seawater is subject to the puzzlement of stained biotic intrusion too as sea water desaltination pipeline, cooled with seawater waterpipe etc.
Described fouling organism is the bottom-dwelling that battalion adheres to or set is lived, be attached to body surface later general just no longer move or moving range little, can not enter water delivery engineering with the current of carrying, can not shift out water delivery engineering with current yet, so generally can directly not intrude in water delivery engineering as fouling organism itself, what invade water delivery engineering is fouling organism larva.Described fouling organism larva is fouling organism the childhood of the planktonic organism in the stage of swimming still, these planktonic organisms are only attached to could continue to grow into bottom-dwelling adult (fouling organism) on object, if having no chance to adhere to object all the time in the stage of swimming, it just can not grow into bottom-dwelling adult meeting natural death, so initiatively adhere to the biological person's character that object is fouling organism larva.A fouling organism larva corpusculum gently can be done with current the migration of long distance, just can select a good opportunity and be attached on engineering object later, and on engineering object, grow into fouling organism (bottom-dwelling adult) when it enters water delivery engineering with current.Fouling organism larva is invaded the very capable of water delivery engineering, for example: at the peak season of breeding, the 5000/m of density reachable of fouling organism natural pond clam larva in natural water 3above.After so a large amount of natural pond clam larvas enters water delivery engineering, will inevitably in water delivery engineering, breed and cause serious biodeterioration by raised growth.As can be seen here, filter, kill and enter that to carry the entrained fouling organism larva of water body be the key point of administering fouling organism.
At present, for the fouling organism in water delivery engineering, also there is no good improvement method both at home and abroad.Conventionally the method adopting is mainly for fouling organism adult " artificial shovel is scraped ".Some also attempts to adopt the methods such as " chemistry is killed ", " coating protecting ", but regulation effect is not fine.Now with regard to several conventional resolution methods, be described below:
1, artificial shovel is scraped method: take Shenzhen water delivery engineering as example, in order to guarantee the normal operation of water delivery engineering, all will shovel and scrape processing ducted fouling organism natural pond clam every year.The in the situation that work for the treatment of must being cut off the water completely, carry out, not only need to drop into a large amount of human and material resources, at shovel, scrape in process and also can cause damage to a certain degree to water delivery tube wall, have influence on the work-ing life of water delivery engineering.
2, coating protecting method: some unit was once used protective coating, to improve the slickness of body surface, reduces the adhesion amount of natural pond clam, in some coating, contains sterilant, can kill natural pond clam.From applicable cases, regulation effect is also not obvious.Shenzhen water delivery engineering was also once used the method for " coating protecting ", but because of DeGrain, still adopted the traditional method that artificial shovel is scraped at present.
3, chemistry is killed method: only have at present the achievement in research of a small amount of employing chemical process, as adopted chlorine and clorox as the agent for killing of natural pond clam, but do not seen the report of practical application.What carry due to water delivery engineering is tap water, so must be very prudent when using chemical process.Even if the medicament using is on not impact of water quality, because the carrying capacity of large-scale water delivery engineering is very large, it is also very large using chemical drugs dosage, and its cost is inevitable very high.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of controlling device of fouling organism, by the feed-water end at water delivery engineering, device of the present invention is set, to carrying entrained described fouling organism larva in water body, filter, kill, and then eliminate or reduce the adhesion amount of fouling organism in water delivery engineering, avoid or reduce biodeterioration.
A controlling device for fouling organism, comprises connected successively water-in, biological attachment pond, settling bowl and water outlet; Described biological attachment pond is to connect and be connected continuously with described settling bowl,
Described biological attachment pond comprises biological attachment pond feed-water end and water side, biological attachment pond; The water-in of the controlling device that described biological attachment pond feed-water end is described fouling organism, described biological attachment pond also comprises organism adhering device; Described organism adhering device comprises that at least one adheres to row, described in adhere to package and draw together a plurality of lamina affixads; Described organism adhering device also comprises fixed sturcture, described fixed sturcture comprises the anchor that adheres to row described in described lamina affixad is fixed on and adheres to by described the permanent seat that row is fixedly connected with described biological attachment pond, and same to adhere to lamina affixad described in each on row be parallel construction each other;
Described settling bowl comprises settling bowl feed-water end and settling bowl water side, and described settling bowl feed-water end is connected with water side, described biological attachment pond; Described settling bowl feed-water end and/or settling bowl water side have flow and/or water level management device; Described flow and/or water level management device are according to experimental data and/or experience setting and according to operating performance, adjust flow and/or the flow velocity of settling bowl, and described settling bowl water side is overflow device.
In water side, described biological attachment pond, guiding device is set, the current that described guiding device is discharged water side, biological attachment pond draw back biological attachment pond feed-water end, and water body is repeatedly circulated in inside, biological attachment pond.
The described overflow device of described settling bowl is at least one overflow weir and/or upflow tube, and described overflow weir crosses the flow section of described settling bowl; The water-in of described upflow tube is arranged under water and opening upwards;
The described overflow device of described settling bowl water side has the water level management device of controlling described settling bowl water level.
Upstream section in described biological attachment pond closes on the region division current Wen Dong district of described biological attachment pond feed-water end, and described current Wen Dong district is empty spacious structure,
The rigid attachment row of impact resistance is set in described current Wen Dong district.
Described settling bowl is a plurality of, between described biological attachment pond and described settling bowl, division box is set;
In water side, described biological attachment pond or division box feed-water end barrier and/or grid are installed.
Described lamina affixad is rigid attachment plate and/or rigid frame lamina affixad;
Described rigid attachment plate is the lamina affixad of being made by rigid material, be that flat board or cross-sectional shape are arc and/or the curved slab of waviness and/or zig-zag and/or bent or the arbitrary combination of described flat board and/or described curved slab, or wrap up the arbitrary combination of described flat board and/or described curved slab and/or described flat board and/or the described curved slab of flexible materials thereon; Described rigid attachment plate has smooth surface or surface, many holes or uneven surface, or part smooth part is cheated the uneven surface of part more; Described flat board is smooth plate or flat pit plate, or its combination;
Described rigid attachment plate parcel flexible materials;
Described rigid frame lamina affixad refers to, the frame that the rigid material of take is made is skeleton and/or framework rib, wraps up smooth plate or plane porous plate that flexible materials forms on described framework.
Described parallel construction comprises described lamina affixad parallel and/or antiparallel or approximate reverse is parallel and/or two twenty percents are mirror symmetry or approximate mirror symmetry between two parallel to each other or approximate between two; Described antiparallel refers to that at described lamina affixad be cross-sectional shape while being the curved slab of arc and/or waviness and/or zig-zag and/or bent, and the shape of the parallel to each other but adjacent lamina affixad of described lamina affixad relatively or contrary.
Described adhering to arranged the flow section setting of crossing described biological attachment pond, described adhere to arrange two ends lamina affixad near biological attachment pond pool wall, and described in adhere to the size coming near the lamina affixad of biological attachment pond pool wall and adhere to upper other the lamina affixad of row described in being shorter than, and match with the shape of contiguous pool wall.
The bottom of described settling bowl is totally the flat or scraggly end, or at the bottom of slope.
Described settling bowl bottom also comprises that at least one sediment receiving tank, described sediment receiving tank are arranged on the bottom meeting water in the settling bowl of direction one side near described overflow device; Described sediment receiving tank is the groove structure of its parallel longitudinal or approximate parallel flow section; The vertical section that is parallel to water (flow) direction of described sediment receiving tank is shape wide at the top and narrow at the bottom; Described sediment receiving tank comprises the upstream cell wall of current updrift side and the downstream cell wall of current downstream direction, and described upstream cell wall is domatic at Qi Biding downstream direction at the bottom of its wall; And/or described downstream cell wall is upright or is bordering on upright vertical plane.
Described settling bowl also comprise be connected with settling bowl bottom, for discharging blow-off pipe and/or the blowdown power set of sediment in settling bowl.
Described settling bowl also comprises the current disturbance baffle plate that prevents disturbance on the current direction of described settling bowl bottom, described current disturbance baffle plate is arranged on described overflow weir and meets water on the wall of a side and upstream direction is stretched out, and/or be arranged on circumference water-in bottom, upflow tube outer wall of described upflow tube the parallel or approximate horizontal plane that is parallel to of plate face of described current disturbance baffle plate.
Described current disturbance baffle plate is imperforate plate and/or the orifice plate with communicating pores, and described communicating pores is the funnel-shaped apertures that consistent and/or upper aperture, upper and lower aperture is greater than lower aperture.
In described biological attachment pond, put that to take fouling organism or its larva be the fish of food in a suitable place to breed.
A controlling device for fouling organism, comprises the controlling device of above-mentioned fouling organism, also comprises that the pulsation being connected with described overflow device kills passage; Described pulsation is killed passage and is comprised the orifice plate of installing in flow channels and flow channels, and flow channels feed-water end and flow channels water side; At described flow channels feed-water end and/or flow channels water side, there is the power system that promotes water body flow; Described flow channels feed-water end and/or flow channels water side have flow or the flow velocity regulation device of feedwater and/or draining; Described orifice plate crosses described flow channels along flow section direction, and is fixedly connected with the inwall of described flow channels, and does not interspace between described orifice plate and described flow channels inwall, and described orifice plate refers to the plate with the communicating pores passing through for flowing water.
A controlling device for fouling organism, comprises connected successively water-in, biological attachment pond, pulses and kill passage and water outlet;
Described biological attachment pond comprises biological attachment pond feed-water end and water side, biological attachment pond; Described biological attachment pond feed-water end is water-in, and water side, described biological attachment pond is overflow device; Described biological attachment pond also comprises organism adhering device; Described organism adhering device comprises that at least one adheres to row, described in adhere to package and draw together a plurality of lamina affixads; Described organism adhering device also comprises fixed sturcture, described fixed sturcture comprises the anchor that adheres to row described in described lamina affixad is fixed on and adheres to by described the permanent seat that row is fixedly connected with described biological attachment pond, and same to adhere to lamina affixad described in each on row be parallel construction each other;
Described overflow device is killed passage with pulsation and is connected, and described pulsation is killed passage and comprised flow channels and the orifice plate of wherein installing, and flow channels feed-water end and flow channels water side; At described flow channels feed-water end and/or flow channels water side, there is the power system that promotes water body flow; Described flow channels feed-water end and/or flow channels water side have flow or the flow velocity regulation device of feedwater and/or draining; Described orifice plate crosses described flow channels along flow section direction, and is fixedly connected with the inwall of described flow channels, and does not interspace between described orifice plate and described flow channels inwall, and described orifice plate refers to the plate with the communicating pores passing through for flowing water.
In the controlling device of above-mentioned fouling organism,
The orifice plate that passage and/or wherein installation are killed in described pulsation is dismountable being fixedly connected with.
Described pulsation is killed passage and is connected with described overflow device by captation, and described captation is water collecting basin or water leg,
In the situation that overflow device is upflow tube, upflow tube itself is exactly captation.
Described flow channels was gutter channel, the described gutter channel of crossing is for opening without pressing system, and described power system comprises that described flow channels feed-water end is higher than the waterhead of flow channels water side and/or feedwater and/or the drainage power device of described flow channels feed-water end and/or flow channels water side; The described bottom surface of gutter channel excessively has the gradient to the inclination of flow channels water side from flow channels feed-water end, and flow channels feed-water end one side of the described bottom surface of gutter channel is excessively higher than its flow channels water side one side.
Described flow channels is overcurrent pipeline, described overcurrent pipeline is to have to press or closed system with no pressure, and described power system comprises that described flow channels feed-water end is higher than the waterhead of flow channels water side and/or feedwater and/or the drainage power device of described flow channels feed-water end and/or flow channels water side;
The section form of described overcurrent pipeline is circle, ellipse or rectangle.
Described overflow device is upflow tube, and described overcurrent pipeline is also described upflow tube.
Described orifice plate is multistage orifice plate; Distance between described orifice plates at different levels is orifice plate spacing, and/or described orifice plate spacing is equal to or greater than the action length of pulsating wave in described flow channels;
Described orifice plate adopts the material of nontoxic rigidity to make.
The thickness of orifice plate is 0.6-1.2mm; Hole shape is circular; Aperture is 6-14mm; Pitch-row is 2-4mm; Described orifice plate spacing is 10-60cm; It is 0.8-2.5m/s that mean flow rate in passage is killed in pulsation, and described pitch-row refers to distance nearest between Kong Yukong adjacent on same orifice plate.
Described flow channels feed-water end is provided with trash rack.
A system, comprises the controlling device of above-mentioned various fouling organisms.
Technique effect of the present invention:
Technical scheme of the present invention, the controlling device that comprises the fouling organism of biological attachment pond and settling bowl by the feed-water end setting at water delivery engineering, utilize the physical influence of natural subsidence in the active attachment characteristic of fouling organism larva and water to carrying entrained described fouling organism larva in water body to filter, kill, and then eliminate or reduce the adhesion amount of fouling organism in water delivery engineering, avoid or reduce biodeterioration.
Can there is multiple adsorb in the further technical scheme of the present invention, utilize the finite space in biological attachment pond to obtain and better adhere to filter effect in biological attachment pond.
The further technical scheme of the present invention provides two kinds of preferred specific forms of overflow device in settling bowl, can better control the flow rate of water flow of settling bowl water side, reduces the disturbance to water body in settling bowl.The water level management device that the further technical scheme of the present invention provides can the most effectively utilize the lamina affixad adhering in pond, can avoid the too high danger that may bring settling bowl of water level simultaneously.
The current Wen Dong district of the further technical scheme of the present invention can stationary flow, can play again the filteration that adheres to fouling organism larva.The further technical scheme of the present invention is provided with the rigid attachment row of impact resistance, can weaken water inlet water volume flow rate, thereby protects the row that adheres to below, extends its work-ing life.
The division box of the further technical scheme of the present invention can be set being connected of biological attachment pond and a plurality of settling bowls flexibly, is conducive to reduce settling bowl water volume flow rate, makes effect of settling better.By division box, the current of water side, biological attachment pond can also be drawn back to biological attachment pond feed-water end, make water body adhere to pond internal recycle or part circulation, increase the chance of adhering to of fouling organism larva, can be in limited space more effective removal fouling organism larva.The barrier of the further technical scheme of the present invention and/or grid prevent that fish and other biology that may exist of in biological attachment pond, putting in a suitable place to breed from entering settling bowl, avoided the disturbance to water body in settling bowl.
The further technical scheme of the present invention provides the lamina affixad with various preferable shape, form, material, makes fouling organism larva on lamina affixad, have better adhesion property.
The further scheme of the present invention provides the concrete mode of several parallel constructions, is convenient to application.
The further scheme of the present invention according to the shape in biological attachment pond with adhere to row's position relationship, provide the concrete mode of the parallel construction of the lamina affixad on a kind of row of adhering to, horizontal area that can maximum using biological attachment pond.
The sediment receiving tank of the further scheme of the present invention can make the fouling organism larva of sedimentation in settling bowl and various impurity automatically concentrate, and is convenient to remove.
The settling bowl bottom of the further scheme of the present invention can be various ways, at the bottom of flat, the scraggly end and slope, also can, according to the natural shape setting at the bottom of pond, be convenient to the sedimentation of fouling organism larva and kill, and cost be lower; The bottom on slope is more conducive to concentrating and removing of sediment.
The blow-off pipe of the further scheme of the present invention and/or blowdown power set, in order to extract fouling organism larva, mud and the various impurity mixed in together with mud of settling bowl bottom, make settling bowl have continual usability.
The current disturbance baffle plate of the further scheme of the present invention, top current and bottom current have spatially been separated, even if bottom current suffer disturbance, can not affect the stable flow state of top current yet, thereby avoided the pollution of top current, guaranteed that the current by settling bowl overflow device are the purer water bodys that only contain minimum fouling organism larva and impurity.
The funnel-form orifice plate of the further scheme of the present invention, is keeping, under the impregnable condition of sediment effect of settling, also can better preventing the contaminating impurity top current in the current of bottom.
The fish that the further scheme of the present invention is put in a suitable place to breed in biological attachment pond have better insect killing effect to fouling organism.
The further scheme of the present invention is a kind of has the controlling device that the fouling organism of passage is killed in pulsation, utilize water body under certain flow rate, by orifice plate, to produce the physical influence of pulsation, can not affect the long hydrobiological survival of other body according to killing long the killing selectively of body of object, and do not use the material of chemical agent and contaminate environment, to water body, can not cause any pollution, can guarantee to carry the health at water source, safety, and simple in structure, with low cost, successful, and harmless to environment and other biology, be conducive to the protection of ecotope.
The further scheme of the present invention comprises that by the feed-water end setting at water delivery engineering biological attachment pond and pulsation kill the controlling device of fouling organism of passage, utilize water body under certain flow rate, by orifice plate, to produce the physical influence of pulsation, to carrying entrained described fouling organism larva in water body, kill, and then eliminate or reduce the adhesion amount of fouling organism in water delivery engineering, avoid or reduce biodeterioration.
It is dismountable that passage is killed in the pulsation of the further scheme of the present invention, is convenient to safeguard and change.
The captation of the further scheme of the present invention can guarantee to enter pulsation and kill the current of passage and there is no air mass, is convenient to pulsation and kills water body in passage flowing rapidly, continuously, is conducive to produce required pulsating wave.
It is that tank is killed in pulsation that passage is killed in the pulsation of the further scheme of the present invention, utilize the waterhead that feed-water end water level produces higher than water side water level to drive water body flow, and at bottom land, the gradient is set and makes water body keep suitable flow velocity, device is simple, design ingenious, without power consumption and the energy, insect killing effect is remarkable.
It is that pipeline is killed in pulsation that passage is killed in the pulsation of the further scheme of the present invention, and device is simple, and technical parameter is such as flow velocity is more controlled, and the insect killing effect of fouling organism larva is more obvious.
The flow channels of the further scheme of the present invention is upflow tube, and described upflow tube can have large as far as possible length in less space, can make full use of space and obtain better insect killing effect.
The further scheme optimization of the present invention arranges multistage orifice plate in flow channels, makes insect killing efficiency higher; The further scheme of the present invention also provides preferred orifice plate spacing.The orifice plate material of the further scheme optimization of the present invention should have certain rigidity and nontoxic.
The further scheme of the present invention provides the preferred version of killing natural pond clam larva (body length is within the scope of 0.14mm～1mm) in fresh water, to the eradicative rate of natural pond clam larva, can reach more than 80% or approach 100%.
The further scheme of the present invention is installed trash rack, carries or floating diameter is greater than the material in used orifice plate aperture in the water of can blocking.
The water delivery engineering system of the further scheme of the present invention, owing to comprising the controlling device of above-mentioned fouling organism, therefore also has its beneficial effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 a is the block diagram of first embodiment of the controlling device of fouling organism.
Fig. 1 b is the block diagram of second embodiment of the controlling device of fouling organism.
Fig. 1 c is the block diagram of the 3rd embodiment of the controlling device of fouling organism.
Fig. 2 a is the vertical view of first embodiment of the controlling device of fouling organism.
Fig. 2 b is the side-view of the embodiment of Fig. 2 a.
Fig. 3 a is the schematic perspective view of a specific embodiment of organism adhering device.
Fig. 3 b is the vertical view of Fig. 3 a.
Fig. 3 c is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of organism adhering device.
Fig. 4 is the side-view of an embodiment of settling bowl.
Fig. 5 a is the vertical view of an embodiment of second embodiment of the controlling device of fouling organism.
Fig. 5 b is the side-view of the embodiment of Fig. 5 a.
Fig. 5 c is the vertical view of an embodiment of second embodiment of the controlling device of fouling organism.
Fig. 5 d is the side-view of the embodiment of Fig. 5 c.
Fig. 5 e is the side-view of an embodiment of second embodiment of the controlling device of fouling organism.
Fig. 5 f is the vertical view of an embodiment of second embodiment of the controlling device of fouling organism.
Fig. 5 g is the side-view of the embodiment of Fig. 5 f.
Fig. 6 a is the schematic diagram that an embodiment of passage is killed in pulsation.
Fig. 6 b is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of orifice plate.
Reference numeral is as follows:
The water source that 1-is to be conveyed or pending, 2-water-in, 3-biological attachment pond, 4-barrier and/or grid, 5-settling bowl, 6-overflow weir, 7-captation, pipeline is killed in 8-pulsation, tank is killed in 9-pulsation, 10-water outlet, 11-outlet sump, 12-orifice plate, 13-flow channels feed-water end, 14-water (flow) direction, 15-lamina affixad, 16-adheres to row, 17-current Wen Dong district, 18-gauging line, 19-pool wall top line, 20-pool wall baseline, 21-outlet sump water-freeing arrangement, 32-linked steering switchboard, 33-linkage part, 34-direction Quality Initiative, 35-rotation axis, 36-anchor, 51-sedimentation direction, 52-upflow tube, 53A-del sediment receiving tank, 53B-inverted trapezoidal sediment receiving tank, 53C-is with the sediment receiving tank of kerve, 54-upstream cell wall, 55-downstream cell wall, 57-settling bowl feed-water end, 58-settling bowl water side, 59-kerve, 84-orifice plate spacing, 85-pitch-row, 86-aperture, the safe overflow tank of 92-, the bottom of 510-settling bowl, 511-current disturbance baffle plate, 514-height of weir plate, 515-overflow, overall line of slope at the bottom of 516-pond, 519-sediment, 520-sediment gliding direction.
Embodiment
The natural pond clam of usining below in fresh water is also elaborated to the controlling device of fouling organism of the present invention by reference to the accompanying drawings as the example of fouling organism.
The controlling device of the fouling organism of first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b, comprises connected successively water-in 2, biological attachment pond 3, settling bowl 5 and water outlet 10; Described biological attachment pond 3 is to connect and be connected continuously with described settling bowl 5.
Described biological attachment pond 3 comprises biological attachment pond feed-water end and water side, biological attachment pond; Described biological attachment pond feed-water end can be the water-in 2 of the controlling device of described fouling organism, and described water-in 2 is connected with to be conveyed or pending water source 1, and described to be conveyed or pending water source 1 can be natural water source or the pump sump that holds natural water; Preferably, at water-in 2 places, can be provided with the control flow control device of flooding velocity and/or the feeding apparatus of base runoff such as water-in gate valve or water pump equal controller.Described water outlet 10 (can contain overflow weir 6) can be connected with water delivery engineering, or be connected with follow-up controlling device, or the outlet sump 11 with being arranged on water outlet 10 (can contain overflow weir 6) downstream is as shown in Figure 2 a and 2 b connected, described outlet sump 11 can be the forebay of water delivery engineering or the water-in of water delivery engineering.Described biological attachment pond 3 also comprises organism adhering device, as shown in Fig. 3 a to Fig. 3 c; Described organism adhering device comprises that at least one adheres to row 16, described in adhere to row and 16 comprise a plurality of lamina affixads 15; Described organism adhering device also comprises fixed sturcture, described fixed sturcture comprise adhere to described in described lamina affixad is fixed on row 16 anchor 36 with by described row's 16 permanent seats that are fixedly connected with described biological attachment pond 3 that adhere to, it is same that to adhere to lamina affixad 15 described in each on row 16 be parallel construction each other.The pond body in biological attachment pond 3 can be linear pattern along water (flow) direction, can be also crooked or bending.Preferably, the plate face of described lamina affixad is parallel with water (flow) direction or have 30 ° of following angles of cut.
Described settling bowl 5 as shown in Figure 4, comprises settling bowl feed-water end 57 and settling bowl water side 58, and described settling bowl feed-water end 57 is connected with water side, described biological attachment pond; Described settling bowl 5 can be the spacious structure of sky, and the flow section of described settling bowl 5 should be more than or equal to the flow section in described biological attachment pond.Barrier and/or grid 4 that parallel flow section is installed between biological attachment pond 3 and settling bowl 5, such as anti-embroidery wire netting, enter described settling bowl 5 for the fish of blocking from described biological attachment pond 3, prevents its disturbance water currents effect of settling; Described settling bowl feed-water end 57 and/or settling bowl water side 58 have flow and/or water level management device; Described flow and/or water level management device are according to experimental data and/or experience setting and according to operating performance, adjust flow and/or the flow velocity of settling bowl 5, and described settling bowl water side 58 is overflow device (can be overflow weir 6 and/or upflow tube 52).
Described settling bowl 5 can manually be built, and also can utilize existing natural bottom land or pool.The settling bowl bottom 510 of manually building, preferably, can have sediment receiving tank, to sediment 519 is cleared up to (specific descriptions see below associated viscera) at any time.If utilize the structure at the bottom of existing natural depression or ，Ze Dui pond, pool there is no specific requirement, both can in soil property bottom surface.
Preferably, in water side, described biological attachment pond, guiding device can be set such as valve and conduction pipe, the current that described guiding device is discharged water side, biological attachment pond draw back biological attachment pond feed-water end, water body is repeatedly circulated in 3 inside, biological attachment pond, both occupation of land can be saved, better adhesion effect can be obtained again; On the pipeline that can certainly be connected with settling bowl feed-water end 57 in water side, biological attachment pond, loop branch pipe is set as guiding device, the water body in biological attachment pond 3 is partly circulated.
Preferably, in the region of the contiguous described biological attachment of the Upstream section pond in described biological attachment pond 3 feed-water end, because the surging force of current is stronger, so current Wen Dong district 17 is set, if described current Wen Dong district 17 can be sky structure, as shown in Figure 2 a, the current that flow in order to stablize upstream.The adhering to of rigidity that have that impact resistance also can be set in described current Wen Dong district 17 arranged 16 (such as bamboo rafts), and described rigid attachment row is preferably set comparatively dense.These shock proof rigid attachment row both can stationary flow, can play again the filteration that adheres to fouling organism larva.Certainly, this region also can not arrange current Wen Dong district 17.
Because water volume flow rate in settling bowl 5 is slower, effect of settling is better, therefore requires the water volume flow rate of settling bowl 5 lower than the water volume flow rate in biological attachment pond 3; And the water yield of settling bowl 5 is identical with the water yield in the biological attachment pond 3 of its upstream, therefore can limit by the method that makes the flow section of described settling bowl 5 be greater than the flow section in described biological attachment pond 3 water volume flow rate of settling bowl 5, such as the width of settling bowl 5 and/or the degree of depth are strengthened, flow velocity can obviously reduce, and effect of settling can be better.On the other hand, owing to being provided with at least one in biological attachment pond 3, adhere to row 16, describedly adhere to row and 16 occupy certain space, even if therefore the transverse section of settling bowl 5 is identical with the transverse section in biological attachment pond 3, the flow section of the former reality is large than the latter also, and the flow velocity in settling bowl 5 also can reduce.
Preferably, in the situation that having a plurality of settling bowl 5, between described biological attachment pond 3 and described settling bowl 5, division box is set, described biological attachment pond 3 is connected with at least one settling bowl 5 by described division box.As an example, in having the system of two settling bowls 5, described division box can be the bifurcation structure that adheres to water side, pond, guides respectively the current that adhere to pond 3 into two or more than two settling bowls 5; Described bifurcation structure can be a plurality of.Described bifurcation structure can be with three or three structures with upper outlet; Described bifurcation structure can be bathtub construction, also can be tubular-shaped structures, if tubular-shaped structures can be threeway or four-way etc., wherein pipe connection water side, biological attachment pond, an another two tubes connect respectively two settling bowl feed-water ends and/or adhere to pond feed-water end.Described two or more settling bowl 5 is parallel-connection structure.Because settling bowl 5 requires flow velocity slower, and the flow velocity in biological attachment pond 3 is relatively very fast, and a plurality of settling bowls 5 are parallel with to be beneficial to be increased the flow section of settling bowl 5 and reduce pool inner water rate of flow of fluid, can more effective removal fouling organism larva.As another example, in aforementioned system, described division box also comprises conduction pipe and the water conservancy diversion power set of the current of water side, biological attachment pond being drawn back to biological attachment pond feed-water end, can make like this water body in biological attachment pond 3 internal recycle or part circulation, can be in the finite space more effective removal fouling organism larva.Therefore division box can connect guiding device.
Preferably, at described division box feed-water end and/or water side, biological attachment pond, barrier and/or grid 4 can be installed, to have prevented the interior biology that may exist in biological attachment pond 3, such as fish enter settling bowl 5, avoided the disturbance of these biological activities to water body in settling bowl 5.
Preferably, the described overflow device of described settling bowl 5 can be at least one overflow weir 6, or upflow tube 52, or the combination of overflow weir 6 and upflow tube 52.Described overflow weir 6 crosses the flow section of described settling bowl 5; The water-in of described upflow tube 52 is arranged near below the 58 pool inner water bit lines of settling bowl water side, and its opening upwards is towards the water surface, as shown in Fig. 2 a, 2b, 5c and 5d.Arrange at the same time in the situation of overflow weir 6 and upflow tube 52, the top of overflow weir 6 can not have current to pass through.Described settling bowl water side 58 also can be connected with other passage, described other passage can be that pulsation is killed passage or for kill the safe overflow tank 92 (as shown in Fig. 5 a, 5b) of draining current when smooth or its orifice plate 12 of pipeline 8 flowing water stops up when pulsation, in order to avoid current cover the wall of biological attachment pond 3, settling bowl 5, pushed up 19.
Preferably, water outlet 10 can comprise and controls the flow control device of water flow or the drainage power device of base runoff (can be water pump, can be also the devices such as gate valve, flashboard).
The described overflow device of described settling bowl water side 58 has the water level management device of controlling described settling bowl 5 water levels.Lifting device such as overflow weir crest and/or upflow tube water-in.The object one that regulates water level is to guarantee that pond median water level surpasses pool wall, the 2nd, make full use of the height of lamina affixad, and guarantee that pond median water level equates with the height of lamina affixad.
Described biological attachment pond 3 and settling bowl 5 are by sequentially arranging as Fig. 2 a and 2b.The controlling device of described fouling organism is killed as shown in Figure 1a for natural pond clam larva, and the natural water source that first contains a large amount of natural ponds clam larva enters biological attachment pond 3 by water-in 2.The living features of fouling organism larva in natural water when entering water delivery engineering is differentiated, the fouling organism larva flushing that wherein adhesive ability is extremely strong, when by biological attachment pond 3, will initiatively adhere on row 16 and adhere to, adhere to 16 pairs of fouling organism larvas of row and there is good filteration.In biological attachment pond 3, preferably, can also put in a suitable place to breed and take the fish that fouling organism or its larva be food, like this fouling organism larva is had to better insect killing effect.Preferably, described adhere to row 16 or lamina affixad 15 by the combination of dried up airing or chemical agent immersion or high-temperature heat treatment or high pressure water washing or uviolizing or above-mentioned various ways, described in killing, adhere to the fouling organism or its larva that on row 16 or lamina affixad 15, adhere to, after the planktonic organism death of having adhered to or coming off, then put into described biological attachment pond 3 Reusabilities.The efficiency that can make to kill fouling organism by supplementary modes such as dried up airings is higher, and makes the lamina affixad 15 can also Reusability, has reduced manufacture and the maintenance cost of lamina affixad 15.Water body by biological attachment pond 3 enters in settling bowl 5, because flow velocity is slower, fouling organism larva in water will rely on own wt to sedimentation at the bottom of pond, those adhesive abilities that grasped the fouling organism larva of small material grains (such as impurity in the water such as soil block, the grains of sand) reduce, but the body weight of himself strengthens, enter into just sedimentation rapidly after settling bowl 5, be deposited to fouling organism larva at the bottom of pond and adhere to object natural death because of chance never again, so 5 pairs of fouling organism larvas of settling bowl have filtration killing action.When settling bowl 5 bottom sedimentations after a large amount of impurity and fouling organism larva, preferably, can be that be connected with settling bowl bottom 510 by arranging, for extracting in settling bowl 5 the blow-off pipe of the impurity of sedimentation and/or blowdown power set out by outside sediment 519 discharge ponds, make the settling bowl 5 can continual continuous use.Described blowdown power set can be the devices such as water pump, pump dredger, in order to extract fouling organism larva, mud and the various impurity mixed in together with mud of settling bowl bottom.Can certainly be without blow-off pipe and/or blowdown power set, but regular drain the water in settling bowl 5, concentrate cleaning.From settling bowl water side, 58 water bodys that flow out only contain a small amount of natural pond clam larva.
The controlling device of the fouling organism of second embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of first embodiment, also comprise that the pulsation being connected with described overflow device kills passage, it can be that pipeline 8 is killed in pulsation and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation that passage is killed in described pulsation, as shown in Fig. 5 a to 5g.In general, the order of connection of described second embodiment is: passage (such as pipeline 8 is killed in pulsation, tank 9 is killed in pulsation) → water outlet 10 is killed in water-in 2 → biological attachment pond 3 → settling bowl 5 → pulsation.
The controlling device of the fouling organism of the 3rd embodiment of the present invention, comprises that connected successively water-in 2, biological attachment pond 3, pulsation kill passage (such as pulsation is killed pipeline 8 and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation) and water outlet 10.In general, the order of connection of described the 3rd embodiment is: passage (such as pulsation is killed pipeline 8 and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation) → water outlet 10 is killed in water-in 2 → biological attachment pond 3 → pulsation.
In second, third embodiment, the structure in described biological attachment pond 3 and inner annexation are identical with the biological attachment pond 3 in first embodiment, repeat no more herein.And described pulsation to kill structure and the annexation of passage be identical, be described below in the lump: described pulsation is killed passage and comprised the orifice plate 12 of installing in flow channels and flow channels, and flow channels feed-water end 13 and flow channels water side (being the water outlet 10 of fouling organism controlling device); Described pulsation is killed passage and can be divided into pulsation and kill pipeline 8 and 9 two kinds of forms of tank are killed in pulsation, and described pulsation is killed pipeline 8 as shown in Figure 6 a, at described flow channels feed-water end 13 and/or flow channels water side, has the power system that promotes water body flow; Described flow channels feed-water end 13 and/or flow channels water side have flow or the flow velocity regulation device of feedwater and/or draining, such as various valves; Described orifice plate 12 crosses described flow channels along flow section direction, and be dismountable being fixedly connected with the inwall of described flow channels, and do not interspace between described orifice plate 12 and described flow channels inwall, described orifice plate 12 refers to the plate with the communicating pores passing through for flowing water.
The water outlet 10 that passage water side is the controlling device of described fouling organism is killed in described pulsation, the water outlet 10 of the controlling device of described fouling organism can be connected with water delivery engineering, also can be with other water treatment device such as other water purification or insect-killing device is connected.
If the flow velocity in described biological attachment pond 3 is very slow, biological attachment pond 3 itself can be used as above-mentioned settling bowl 5 uses, biological attachment pond 3 and settling bowl 5 can be combined in a pond, in this case, the water side in described biological attachment pond 3 is overflow device.Described overflow device can be identical with the overflow device of settling bowl in first embodiment, repeats no more herein.
In above-mentioned example, preferably, described biological attachment pond 3 can also comprise sediment receiving tank (53A, 53B and/or 53C).
In the 3rd embodiment, the controlling device of the fouling organism that passage (such as pulsation is killed pipeline 8 and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation) is linked in sequence is killed in described biological attachment pond 3 and pulsation also can realize killing for natural pond clam larva, as shown in Fig. 1 c, wherein each step, due to similar with the description of above-mentioned first, second embodiment, is omitted herein.
If it is that tank 9 is killed in pulsation that passage is killed in described pulsation, described pulsation is killed tank 9 for opening without pressing system.Now, described power system comprises that described flow channels feed-water end 13 is higher than the waterhead (described waterhead can produce higher head pressure) of flow channels water side and/or feedwater and/or the drainage power device of described flow channels feed-water end 13 and/or flow channels water side; The bottom surface that tank 9 is killed in described pulsation has the gradient that tilts to flow channels water side from flow channels feed-water end 13, and flow channels feed-water end one side of bottom surface that tank 9 is killed in described pulsation is higher than its flow channels water side one side.It can be preferably straight trough that tank 9 is killed in described pulsation.Preferably, the gradient >=1 of the bottom surface of tank 9 is killed in pulsation: 20.Now, preferably, the flow velocity that tank 9 is killed in described pulsation changes and can realize by the mode that changes the bottom surface gradient and/or change described flow channels water side drainage power device water displacement.
If it is that pipeline 8 is killed in pulsation that passage is killed in described pulsation, described pulsation is killed pipeline 8 for having pressure or closed system with no pressure, and described power system comprises that the water level of described flow channels feed-water end 13 is higher than the waterhead (can produce higher head pressure) of flow channels water side water level and/or feedwater and/or the drainage power device of described flow channels feed-water end 13 and/or flow channels water side.Can certainly or there is separately artificial power system as water pump etc. simultaneously.Preferably, the fracture morphology of described overcurrent pipeline can be circular, ellipse or rectangle, can certainly be other shape, such as trapezoidal, square etc.
Preferably, described pulsation is killed passage (such as pulsation is killed pipeline 8 and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation) and is connected with the described overflow device (upflow tube 52 and/or overflow weir 6) that is arranged on settling bowl water side 58 or water side, biological attachment pond by captation 7, as shown in Fig. 5 a, Fig. 5 b, Fig. 5 f, Fig. 5 g.Described captation 7 can be water collecting basin and/or water leg, if overflow device is described upflow tube 52, upflow tube 52 itself is exactly described captation.The current that overflow device can be discharged by captation are introduced pulsation kill passage, and also can guarantee to enter the current that pulsation kills pipeline 8 does not have air mass.
Described flow channels water side and/or flow channels feed-water end 13 can have drainage power device (to comprise the head pressure that waterhead has, as shown in Fig. 5 b, 5e, the head pressure of usining promotes current as power set, convenient, cheapness), to guarantee that pulsation kills the flow velocity in passage (such as pulsation is killed pipeline 8 and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation).
In the situation that captation is upflow tube, upflow tube 52 itself can be just flow channels.As long as arrange that in upflow tube 52 orifice plate 12 has just formed pulsation and killed pipeline 8.
Fig. 5 c, 5d provide an embodiment: the water level of water-in 2 is higher than water outlet 10 and to have higher level poor; What pulsation killed that the entrance of pipeline 8 connects is upflow tube 52.During normal operation, settling bowl 5 or the current that adhere to 3 water sides, pond all directly enter pulsation from upflow tube 52 and kill pipeline 8; When pulsation is killed pipeline 8 and occurred that water flowing does not freely wait operation exception, current cover overflow weir 6 and enter captation 7 such as water collecting basin or water leg, at this moment current from safe overflow tank 92 discharged to water outlet 10 (safe overflow tank 92 is shown in Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b).If at the interior installation orifice plate 12 of safe overflow tank 92, safe overflow tank 92 just becomes pulsation and kills tank 9, as the situation of Fig. 5 c, 5d, can play equally pulsation and killing the effect of fouling organism larva.Now, outlet sump 11 can have drainage power device 21, and the current that tank 9 is killed in assurance pulsation are unimpeded.
Fig. 5 f, 5g have provided does not have head pressure as the situation of power system: when the water level of water-in 2 lower than the water level of water outlet 10 or both waterheads hour, it can only be that pipeline 8 is killed in pulsation that passage is killed in pulsation, at water outlet 10, artificial power system is installed such as water pump carries out draining.While adopting this embodiment, if water-in 2 is also to adopt water pump feedwater, its feedwater flow must with the water displacement synchronous operation of water outlet 10.Preferably, water-in 2 adopts nature inflow mode to feed water, and only at water outlet 10, power system is installed.
Preferably, it is to pulse while killing pipeline 8 that passage is killed in described pulsation, and the orifice plate 12 that pipeline 8 and/or wherein installation are killed in pulsation should be dismountable being fixedly connected with.Pipeline 8 self detachable (comprising that orifice plate 12 is detachable and/or overcurrent pipeline is detachable) is killed in pulsation that described can be both detachably, also can be that pulsation kills pipeline 8 and settling bowl 5 or adhere between pond 3 be dismountable connection, or with captation 7 between be dismountable connection.Be convenient to like this cleaning and safeguard to pulse and kill pipeline 8.
Preferably, described flow channels feed-water end 13 can be provided with and in the water of blocking, carry or floating diameter is greater than the trash rack of pitch-row 86 materials of used orifice plate, will in water, carry or the floating material that is greater than orifice plate aperture is blocked.Certainly in the situation that feed-water end 13 is connected with previous stage purifier, in the situation of the current that flow channels feed-water end 13 enters without major diameter impurity, can there is no trash rack yet.
In second embodiment, described biological attachment pond 3, settling bowl 5 and pulsation are killed passage (such as pulsation is killed pipeline 8 and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation) by sequentially arranging as Fig. 5 a, 5b, 5c and 5d.The controlling device of described fouling organism is killed as shown in Figure 1 b for natural pond clam larva, first the natural water source that contains a large amount of natural ponds clam larva enters biological attachment pond 3 by water-in 2, and according to mode process biological attachment pond 3 and settling bowl 5 in first embodiment, and then passage is killed in the pulsation that the downstream that enters settling bowl 5 connects, at this moment the material (comprising impurity and fouling organism larva) that in water body, diameter is greater than 0.5cm does not exist substantially, current can not block during by orifice plate 12, be conducive to orifice plate 12 and pulsation and kill the use of passage (such as pulsation is killed pipeline 8 and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation).The pulsating wave that current produce by orifice plate 12 can carry out last killing the fouling organism larva residuing in water.The controlling device of described fouling organism by above-mentioned adhering to, the filtration of sedimentation and pulsation three phases and killing, the fouling organism larva overwhelming majority who carries water body to carry is removed, thereby greatly reduced the adhesion amount of fouling organism in water delivery engineering, reached the object of administering fouling organism in water delivery engineering.
In the above-described embodiment, biological attachment pond 3 and/or settling bowl 5 and/or pulsation are killed the change of the flow velocity of passage (such as pulsation is killed pipeline 8 and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation) and are realized by changing the modes such as the area of flow section and/or drainage power rating of set.Preferably, the flow velocity of described settling bowl 5 is preferably lower than 0.1 meter per second; Described pulsation is killed the flow velocity of passage (such as pulsation is killed pipeline 8 and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation) more preferably greater than 0.3 meter per second.Can by change settling bowl 5 and pulsation kill being connected of passage (such as pulsation is killed pipeline 8 and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation) (such as captation 7 is set betwixt), both flow section and/or pulsation kill passage (such as pulsation kill pipeline 8 and/or pulse kill tank 9) the bottom surface gradient and the drainage power device (comprising the waterhead between flow channels feed-water end 13 and flow channels water side) of flow channels water side, unobstructed to guarantee the current of flow channels water side, and guarantee the flow velocity requirement in flow channels (comprise overcurrent pipeline and cross gutter channel).
More than introduced the overall framework of the controlling device of fouling organism of the present invention.Introduce in detail the each several part of the controlling device of the fouling organism of the present invention below preferred embodiment of---passage (such as pulsation is killed pipeline 8 and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation) is killed in biological attachment pond 3, settling bowl 5, pulsation---.
The preferred embodiment in paper biological attachment pond 3.
Described lamina affixad 15 in biological attachment pond 3 can be rigid attachment plate or rigid frame lamina affixad, and described rigid attachment plate is the lamina affixad 15 of being made by rigid material.Described rigid attachment plate can be dull and stereotyped or cross-sectional shape is arc and/or the curved slab of waviness and/or zig-zag and/or bent or the arbitrary combination of described flat board and/or described curved slab, cross section can be the cross section of horizontal direction or the cross section of vertical direction, or along the cross section of other any direction, also can be the part in the cross section of plate, i.e. partial cross section.The arc of described curved slab can be circular arc, elliptic arc or other various arcs, such as parabolic arc etc.; Described waviness can be the form as corrugated panel, can be also other form, as the staggered form of waviness of a plurality of different crests and/or trough or successively decrease successively or increase progressively form that the form of arrangement or arbitrary combination arrange etc.; Described zig-zag can be the form of regularly arranged sawtooth, can be also other form, as the staggered form of zig-zag of a plurality of different crown height and/or the tooth paddy degree of depth or successively decrease successively or increase progressively the form of arrangement or form that arbitrary combination is arranged etc.; Described bent can be symmetrical bending or asymmetric bending, and bending angle can be right angle, can certainly be any angle.The arragement direction of described curved slab can be vertical direction or horizontal direction, can certainly be other direction, such as diagonal or in vertical direction with the curved surface of any angular orientation.Described flat board and/or described at least one the arbitrary combination of curved slab can be along the perpendicular or parallel a plurality of identical or different described flat board of arranging in vertical direction and/or curved slab described at least one, or described flat board and/or described curved slab with alternately various forms of, such as being the lamina affixad 15 that is combined and forms by dull and stereotyped, certain or several curved slab in vertical direction or horizontal direction, can also be even to combine by certain or several continuous curve surface of part plane, part the curved slab forming.Described curved slab can be continuous curve surface plate, can certainly be interrupted, on the lamina affixad 15 of making of bamboo raft, between each bamboo cane, is interrupted.The lamina affixad 15 that certainly can also comprise other arbitrary form, such as integral body is the lamina affixad 15 of the natural shape of arc or twisted shape or natural materials.Can, according to practical situation, on rigid attachment plate, wrap up flexible materials.The flexible materials wrapping up has increased surface-area and/or the net thickness of lamina affixad 15, is very beneficial for adhering to of fouling organism larva, and can hold more fouling organism larva.
Described rigid attachment plate can have smooth surface or surface, many holes or uneven surface, or part smooth part is cheated the uneven surface of part more; Described flat board can be smooth plate or flat pit plate, or its combination.Rough and uneven in surface surface or surface, many holes have increased the surface-area of lamina affixad 15, and have increased and well stay in place as what initially adhere to larva, and tool fouling organism larva is more easily attached on described lamina affixad 15.The object that can certainly the coated porous flexible materials in lamina affixad surface by smooth reach same increase lamina affixad 15 surface-area.
Described flat board can be smooth plate or flat pit plate, or the combination of the two; Smooth plate is smooth surface, smooth plate, and flat pit plate refers on surface in various manners the more plates of rough many holes structure of high surface area that have that (such as chemical corrosion, mechanical workout, flexible materials are coated etc.) form.
Described lamina affixad 15 can also be rigid frame lamina affixad, and described rigid frame lamina affixad refers to, the frame that the rigid material of take is made is skeleton and/or framework rib, wraps up smooth plate or plane porous plate that flexible materials forms on described framework.Described rigid material comprises the various artificial or natural materials with some strength such as metal, plastics, can certainly be other material with certain degree of hardness and intensity, such as cement plate etc.; Described flexible materials can be the sun-proof screen cloths of plastics, also can be that itself is with non-woven fabrics, colour bar cloth, the geotextile of porous or non-porous structure, or the arbitrary combination of above-mentioned materials, can certainly be the various flexible materialss of specially making as required, such as thering is the macromolecular materials such as PE (polyethylene), PVC (polyvinyl chloride) of higher-strength or the mixture that various flexible materials forms.Described rigid material, flexible materials should be all nontoxic materials.
Described parallel construction can comprise described lamina affixad 15 parallel and/or antiparallel or approximate reverse is parallel and/or two twenty percents are mirror symmetry or approximate mirror symmetry between two parallel to each other or approximate between two; Described antiparallel refers to that at described lamina affixad 15 are cross-sectional shapes while being the curved slab of arc and/or waviness and/or zig-zag and/or bent, and the shape of the parallel to each other but adjacent lamina affixad 15 of described lamina affixad 15 relatively or contrary.Described shape refers to that the lamina affixad 15 of identical cross-sectional shape is parallel to each other on the contrary, the not parallel arrangement of its cross-sectional shape; With following example solution, release: such as waviness lamina affixad is arranged in parallel with each other, but the corresponding crest corresponding to adjacent lamina affixad 15 of its trough and crest and trough.Described shape refers to that the lamina affixad 15 of different cross section shape is parallel to each other relatively, and its cross-sectional shape, due to different inevitable not parallel arrangements, is called relatively.
The combination of all lamina affixads 15 can think to adhere to row 16, therefore described all lamina affixads 15 can certainly directly be connected with at the bottom of the pond in biological attachment pond 3, this situation also belongs to biological attachment pond 3 and adheres to being fixedly connected with of row 16, now at the bottom of the pond in described biological attachment pond 3, is just equivalent to described permanent seat.
Anchor 36 is positioned at lamina affixad 15 to adhere on row 16, can have various ways, such as two adjacent lamina affixads 15 being connected, make its back up pad mutually supporting etc.Can certainly comprise other various forms.Described anchor 36 can comprise for fixing and/or connect the rigid support plate of lamina affixad described in each, and/or described rigid support plate is plate, bar or the frame of being made by rigid material.
The quantity of permanent seat and anchor 36 all can have one, two, three or more.The position of permanent seat can be at the bottom of settling bowl pond with adhere to row 16 positions that are connected; The position of anchor 36 can be at bottom and/or top and/or the middle part of lamina affixad 15, and/or any position.Certainly the installation site of permanent seat and anchor 36 can be the position of any needs.
Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b are depicted as stereographic map and the vertical view of the lamina affixad that the waviness plate by bamboo raft or a kind of form forms.In figure, be four and adhere to row 16, current are parallel with the parallel construction place in-plane of lamina affixad 15, row's 16 placement directions are vertical with adhering to.In figure, the direction of arrow is water (flow) direction.When current process lamina affixad 15, the arc of lamina affixad 15 causes the disturbance of current, makes the planktonic organism increase of the tool active attachment characteristic in current be attached to the chance on lamina affixad 15.Lamina affixad 15 in figure can be to be located by connecting or rotating connection.
Described being located by connecting refers to that lamina affixad 15 adheres to angle and the placement location that row 16 or permanent seat (described permanent seat comprises biological attachment pond) no longer change itself and water (flow) direction afterwards putting into.But this does not hinder the operation to lamina affixad 15, described operation can comprise by lamina affixad 15 from adhere to row 16 or permanent seat take off or be installed to adhere to row 16 or permanent seat on, can also comprise the position of a plurality of lamina affixads 15 is changed, certainly also comprise similar operations such as 180 ° of reverse installations of lamina affixad.
In the situation that lamina affixad 15 is located by connecting, described permanent seat can be arranged at pond, biological attachment pond at the bottom of and/or pond very useful in fixedly adhere to row 16 (they can be to be also directly connected with each lamina affixad) web member, such as being groove, or the syndeton of setting up on the Chi Ding in biological attachment pond 3, this syndeton can be to adhere to row 16 parts, can be also the part in biological attachment pond 3.At the bottom of described permanent seat can also be the pond in the described biological attachment pond 3 that is fixedly connected with lamina affixad, such as can be by weights such as brick, sand hill, wood, concrete by lamina affixad 15 location or at the bottom of being fixed on pond; Can certainly lamina affixad 15 be fixedly connected with at the bottom of pond by alternate manners such as bolt or nail stakes.Described anchor 36 can comprise that for rigid support plate fixing and/or that connect lamina affixad 15 described in each, with each lamina affixad 15 of supplemental support, described rigid support plate is plate, bar or the frame etc. of being made by rigid material.
In the situation that being located by connecting, owing to will considering best adhesion effect, therefore need to preset lamina affixad 15 with respect to the direction of current.Through experimental verification, when the angle of described lamina affixad direction and water (flow) direction is 0 to 30 °, can guarantee the initiatively planktonic adhesive rate of attachment characteristic of tool, can exceed the flow velocity that slows down again.Certainly specifically also to specifically determine the angle of lamina affixad direction and water (flow) direction according to a plurality of parameters such as the flow of water, flow velocity, planktonic organism density.
At lamina affixad 15, be with respect to adhering to row 16 rotating connection in the situation that, described fixed sturcture also comprises described lamina affixad 15 is connected to and adheres on row 16 and make described lamina affixad 15 around the rotation of described lamina affixad rotation axis 35.Described rotation axis 35 is directly connected with described lamina affixad 15 or connects by connecting workpiece.Described rotation axis 35 axially coplanar or parallel with the described parallel construction place plane of described lamina affixad 15.In the situation that the two is coplanar, described rotation axis 35 can directly be connected with lamina affixad 15; In the situation that the two is parallel, described rotation axis 35 needs by connecting workpiece, it to be connected with described lamina affixad 15, this connection workpiece should have in the one end being connected with rotation axis 35 and rotates fixing axle sleeve (rotation axis 35 for solid shaft situation under) or axis with rotation axis (rotation axis 35 is in tubular shaft situation, now the hollow shaft sleeve of rotation axis 35 is connecting the axis periphery of workpiece) etc. structure, and the other end that connects workpiece is fixedly connected with or dismountable connection with lamina affixad 15.Certain described connection workpiece can also have other form, such as connecting workpiece, is fixedly connected with (such as welding etc.) with rotation axis 35 is non rotatable, and the rotating situation of rotation axis 35 own.
Described rotation axis 35 or near normal vertical with horizontal plane or parallel with flow section or approximate parallel or parallel or approximate horizontal plane and the flow section of being parallel to simultaneously simultaneously.
Described anchor 36 can have hole, and at this moment, described rotation axis 35 can rotate in the hole that is fixed on described anchor 36.Described rotation fixedly refers to that interconnective two objects do not have the mobile fixed form of only having rotation in position each other.Certain described rotation axis 35 also can be rotated and is fixed in the hole of described anchor 36 by forms such as bearings.If described rotation axis 35 is connected with described lamina affixad 15 by described connection workpiece certainly, and one end that described connection workpiece is connected with described rotation axis 35 is to rotate to fix, now described rotation axis 35 can be fixed non rotatable connection with anchor 36, also just there is no need porose on anchor 36.
Describedly adhere to the flow section setting that row 16 can be crossed described biological attachment pond 3, and described in adhere to the lamina affixad 15 during near biological attachment pond pool wall of arranging 16 two ends, because lamina affixad 15 and water (flow) direction have the angle that is not 0 ° conventionally, adhering to the row 16 pool wall position close with biological attachment pond, the lamina affixad 15 of normal size cannot be installed, and lamina affixad 15 herein need to suitably be adjusted size according to lamina affixad 15 and water (flow) direction angle.Now, described in adhere to row 16 adheres on row 16 other described in should being shorter than lamina affixad 15 in the sizes of the lamina affixads 15 near biological attachment pond pool wall, and match with the shape of the pool wall closing on, to coordinate the shape of the pool wall being adjacent.Concrete size can be calculated by simple geometric relationships according to lamina affixad 15 and water (flow) direction angle.
At lamina affixad 15, be with respect to adhering to row 16 rotating connection in the situation that, describedly adhere to row and 16 can also comprise the linked steering controller of adjusting described lamina affixad 15 directions, to facilitate, to whole, adhere to row 16 or a plurality of (being also synchronous) of adhering to the interlock of arranging 16 turns to.
Described linked steering controller can have various ways.Such as, described linked steering controller can comprise linked steering Quality Initiative.Described linked steering Quality Initiative can be metallic substance or soft rope or chain etc.Described linked steering Quality Initiative is connected with a certain a plurality of or all lamina affixads 15 that adhere to row 16, its the other end connect perpendicular to or approximately perpendicular to water (flow) direction or with respect to any fixed object of the current updrift side of described linked steering Quality Initiative such as on described biological attachment pond 3, at current auxiliary lower, drive a plurality of rotation axis 35 linked steerings.It is larger that this situation is applicable to flow velocity, and can make lamina affixad 15 have the situation of the trend of rotating along water (flow) direction.Now, current impel the plane of parallel construction of described lamina affixad 15 consistent with water (flow) direction, and chain or soft rope turn to lamina affixad 15 by the power perpendicular to water (flow) direction or to the power of its updrift side.The flow velocity of current can guarantee the collaborative linked steering of described lamina affixad 15.
The another kind of form of described linked steering controller is (wherein arrow represents water (flow) direction) as shown in Figure 3 c, specific as follows: described linked steering controller can comprise linkage part 33 and the direction Quality Initiative 34 of linked steering switchboard 32, each lamina affixad 15.Described linked steering switchboard 32 is connected a plurality of lamina affixads 15 and described a plurality of lamina affixad 15 interlocks is controlled by the linkage part 33 of described each lamina affixad 15.Described linkage part 33 is fixing with at least one rotation in connected lamina affixad 15 and linked steering switchboard 32.Its specific form can have multiple, if such as the linkage part 33 of described lamina affixad can be the form of universal driving shaft; On described linked steering switchboard 32, can be provided with lamina affixad on universal driving shaft rotation hole one to one, the same universal driving shaft 33 that adheres to all lamina affixads on row 16 all inserts in the corresponding rotation hole of described linked steering switchboard 32.Described universal driving shaft 33 preferably can be arranged on lamina affixad 15 or its top near the position of current downstream direction such as edge or the place's (as shown in Figure 3 c) that keeps to the side.Can certainly there is other form, such as described linkage part 33 can be arranged on communicating pores on a plurality of lamina affixads 15 with the soft web member that described communicating pores is connected with described linked steering switchboard 32 such as rope, chain etc., now, described linked steering switchboard 32 is connected with described a plurality of lamina affixads 15 with described communicating pores by described soft web member, drives described a plurality of lamina affixad 15 interlocks.Like this, the direction adjustment of lamina affixad 15 just can be synchronously, carry out in linkage.
Described direction Quality Initiative 34 by a certain lamina affixad 15 with the fixed position (such as rotation axis 35) of other lamina affixad 15 or the fixed position (such as anchor 36) of described fixed sturcture or the fixed position near the pool wall of current updrift side is connected with respect to described lamina affixad 15.Preferably, described direction Quality Initiative 34 can be by a certain lamina affixad 15 at the edge of current downstream direction or the place of keeping to the side with other lamina affixad 15 at the edge of current updrift side or the rotation axis 35 of the fixed position at the place of keeping to the side or other lamina affixad 15 be connected.Described direction Quality Initiative 34 also can be connected any fixed position of a certain lamina affixad 15 with the fixed position of described fixed sturcture (comprising anchor 36 and/or permanent seat).Certain described direction Quality Initiative 34 also can be by the optional position of a certain lamina affixad 15 with respect to this lamina affixad 15, the fixed position near the pool wall of current updrift side be connected, and the fixed position of described pool wall can comprise the part of pool wall below the water surface or more than the water surface.And due to certain adhere to row on 16 a plurality of or all lamina affixads 15 by described linked steering switchboard 32 and linkage part 33 interlocks, regulated and controled, therefore can link, synchronously regulate and control by regulating and controlling one of them lamina affixad 15 angle of described a plurality of lamina affixad 15 and water (flow) direction.So just can adjust the direction of adhering to lamina affixad 15 on row 16 by changing angle and/or the length of described direction Quality Initiative 34 simultaneously, and make to adhere to all lamina affixad 15 keeping parallelism structures on row 16.Described linkage part 33 can be one or more.
Another specific form of described linked steering controller can be as follows: described linked steering controller can comprise direction Quality Initiative 34 and the rotation axis 35 that adheres to row's a plurality of or all lamina affixads 15 on 16 that matches with it on tooth, be similar to the type of drive of gear and the blockchain of travelling belt or bike.Described direction Quality Initiative 34 is connected and is had the described rotation axis 35 of described tooth by a plurality of described teeth, and drives a plurality of described rotation axis 35 linked steerings.Can certainly be that other can realize the physical construction of linked steering similarly.
Described adhere to row 16 can be for a plurality of, adhering to row 16 permanent seat separately described in a plurality of can be arranged in parallel with each other, and can certainly not parallelly arrange.In the situation that being arranged in parallel, the spacing of adhering to row 16 described in a plurality of is the spacing of respectively adhering to row 16 permanent seat separately.
A plurality ofly adhere to row 16 and describedly a plurality ofly adhere to row 16 be arranged in parallel with each other in the situation that having, and described in to adhere to row 16 be transportable with respect to described biological attachment pond 3, the spacing of each permanent seat can regulate by manual regulation or pitch controller.Described pitch controller can connect a plurality of or all described permanent seats, and described in controlling by described permanent seat, adheres to row 16 along moving perpendicular to adhering to row's orientation, to change the spacing of adhering to row 16.Described pitch controller can be by adhering to the permanent seat slide rail or hinge or chain or the expansion link that are connected described in each of row 16 with described, or the modes such as combination of above-mentioned variety of way regulate and control the spacing between each permanent seat.When arranging the direction of a plurality of lamina affixads 15 that adhere to row; described in should noting, adhering to the orientation of row's lamina affixad 15 preferably coordinates mutually with the orientation of the lamina affixad that adheres to row 15 being adjacent; making to adhere to the corresponding lamina affixads 15 of row 16 described in each does not hinder mutually; mutually do not collide or be not in contact with one another; can protect lamina affixad 15 so on the one hand; extend its work-ing life, on the other hand, can be so that can there is not obvious decline in flow velocity yet.Certainly adhering to arranging of row 16 can be also every a segment distance, to arrange one to adhere to row 16.
Through experimental verification, when the plate face of described lamina affixad 13 and the angle of water (flow) direction are 0 to 30 °, can guarantee the initiatively planktonic adhesive rate of attachment characteristic of tool, can exceed the flow velocity that slows down again.Certainly specifically also to specifically determine the plate face of lamina affixad 15 and the angle of water (flow) direction according to a plurality of parameters such as the flow of water, flow velocity, planktonic organism density.
Test-results shows: described attachment device is generally 70-80% for the filter effect of fouling organism larva, reaches as high as more than 85%.
Then introduce the preferred implementation of settling bowl 5.
Above-mentioned settling bowl 5 can have flat or scraggly bottom, preferably, described settling bowl 5 can also comprise at least one sediment receiving tank (53A, 53B and/or 53C), as shown in Figure 4, described sediment receiving tank is arranged on the bottom meeting water in the settling bowl 5 of direction one side near described overflow device; Described sediment receiving tank is the groove structure of its parallel longitudinal or approximate parallel flow section, can certainly be other form, such as arc or with flow section, have the groove structure of a certain size the angle of cut.The vertical section that is parallel to water (flow) direction of described sediment receiving tank is shape wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, described sediment receiving tank comprises the upstream cell wall 54 of current updrift side and the downstream cell wall 55 of current downstream direction, particularly, the described vertical section that is parallel to water (flow) direction is shape wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, embodiment can be del sediment receiving tank 53A or inverted trapezoidal sediment receiving tank 53B or with the sediment receiving tank 53C of kerve, or the figure of other shape wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, combination such as the combination of described inverted trapezoidal and del or a plurality of inverted trapezoidals of described different hypotenuses, or at least one tetragon with shape wide at the top and narrow at the bottom that is arc of the side of its both sides etc.
If it is inverted trapezoidal that described sediment receiving tank is parallel to the vertical section of water (flow) direction, the shorter formation bottom land of going to the bottom of described inverted trapezoidal, and form described sediment receiving tank 53B with upstream cell wall 54 and downstream cell wall 55.And del sediment receiving tank 53A, be directly by described upstream cell wall 54 and downstream cell wall 55, to be formed.Described upstream cell wall 54 is domatic at the downstream direction of Qi Biding at the bottom of its wall as shown in Figure 4, and described downstream cell wall 55 is preferably upright or is bordering on upright vertical plane, can certainly be the domatic of other form.Preferably, the domatic gradient of the upstream cell wall 54 of described sediment receiving tank is >=1: 50.Like this, the domatic sediment 519 (the various impurity that comprise fouling organism larva) that is conducive to of described upstream cell wall 54 slowly glides along domatic sediment gliding direction 520 under the effect of self gravitation, owing to there being blocking of downstream cell wall 55, sediment 519 is concentrated in described sediment receiving tank bottom, not downstream motion again.The sediment 519 of collecting thus can regularly be extracted out by residual sea water pump, also can be regularly by the emptying concentrated cleaning of pond water.Can certainly be the sediment receiving tank of other form, such as the vertical section in water (flow) direction is rectangle or semicircular sediment receiving tank.
The vertical section that described sediment receiving tank is parallel to water (flow) direction is in the situation of inverted trapezoidal 53B, can comprise the shorter bottom land of going to the bottom and forming by described inverted trapezoidal, and under described bottom land, can also connect the kerve 59 to lower recess, the sediment receiving tank 53C that described kerve 59 and described upstream cell wall 54 and downstream cell wall 55 form with kerve, as shown in Figure 4.The vertical section that described kerve 59 is parallel to water (flow) direction can be rectangle or semicircle, can certainly be other shape, such as del or inverted trapezoidal etc.Kerve 59 is set and is more conducive to concentrating and removing of sediment 519.
In addition, in the situation that residual sea water pump has been installed, when becoming silted up completely, sediment receiving tank (53A, 53B, 53C) can utilize residual sea water pump that sediment 519 is discharged outside ponds.
Preferably, the groove depth of the kerve 59 of described sediment receiving tank and groove width all >=5cm.Can certainly be other size, such as in the situation that having residual sea water pump, the groove depth of described kerve 59 and groove width be advisable to be greater than the diameter of residual sea water pump drinking-water pipe.
Described sediment receiving tank can be for a plurality of, described in first, sediment receiving tank is arranged near the meet water bottom 510 of settling bowl of below of a side of described overflow device, other sediment receiving tank is sequentially arranged in the updrift side of first sediment receiving tank, and it is longitudinally parallel to each other or approximate parallel; Described a plurality of sediment receiving tanks are arranged on the bottom 510 of described settling bowl continuously, as shown in Figure 4.When a plurality of described settling bowl receiving tanks successively close-packed arrays, also can form the end of described settling bowl 5.This design can more be conducive to the sedimentation of sediment 519, concentrated and removing.Can certainly only have sediment receiving tank one.
The bottom 510 of described settling bowl is totally the flat or scraggly end, or at the bottom of slope.The bottom 510 that at the bottom of described slope can be described settling bowl totally tilts to described settling bowl water side 58 gradually from described feed-water end 57, and the bottom 510 of described settling bowl is higher than settling bowl water side 58 1 sides in settling bowl feed-water end 57 1 sides.Overall domatic 516 existence is more conducive to concentrating and removing of sediment 519.Preferably, the gradient of the overall line of slope 516 in described bottom can >=1: 200, i.e. ratio >=1 of the overall domatic length in the overall domatic height in settling bowl bottom and bottom: 200, be convenient at the bottom of pond the bottom land migration downstream of 510 sediment 519 and concentrate.At the bottom of certain described slope, also can at the bottom of the slope by a plurality of different gradient and/or vergence direction, form.
Described height of weir plate 514 generally can be a little less than the design water level 18 of described settling bowl 5, described height of weir plate 514 is that height regulation device that fix or by overflow weir 6 regulates, such as being plate, or scalable and/or folded sheet, or other device of settling bowl height of weir plate regulation and control etc.When the operating water level in pond needs lifting or reduction (reducing or improve flow velocity), by the regulation device of height of weir plate 514, regulate the water level of described settling bowl 5, and then adjust the flow velocity in pond.Preferably, described height of weir plate 514 can be greater than 1.2 meters.
On the basis of above-mentioned settling bowl 5, can also comprise the current disturbance baffle plate 511 that prevents described settling bowl 5 current disturbing influence top, bottom current, as shown in Figure 4.In thering is the settling bowl 5 of certain flow velocity, because the impact of the variation of current and settling bowl bottom various factors (such as moving about of fish etc.) produces disturbance current sometimes, disturbance current can take the sediment 519 (comprising described fouling organism larva) being deposited in described sediment receiving tank to settling bowl 5 tops, top water body is polluted again, the water body polluting when serious will overflow 515 from described overflow weir 6 and/or upflow tube 52, makes the water of processing through settling bowl 5 still with certain impurity; Current disturbance baffle plate 511 has spatially separated top current and bottom current, even bottom current generation disturbance, can not affect the stable flow state of top current yet, thereby can not make sediment 519 get back to top current with disturbance current, avoided the pollution to top current, guaranteed that the current 515 by overflow weir 6 and/or upflow tube 52 are all the purer water bodys that contains minimum fouling organism larva and impurity.Described current disturbance baffle plate 511 is arranged on described overflow device and meets water on the wall of a side and upstream direction stretches out that (if overflow weir 6, current disturbance baffle plate 511 is arranged on overflow weir 6 and meets water on the wall of a side, as shown in Figure 4; If upflow tube 52, current disturbance baffle plate 511 can be arranged on described upflow tube circumference 52 water-in bottoms, upflow tube 52 outer walls, in outer pipe wall).Parallel or the approximate horizontal plane that is parallel to of plate face of described current disturbance baffle plate 511.Described current disturbance baffle plate 511 can be arranged on the meet water above position, middle part of a side sidewall of overflow weir 6, can certainly arrange in the middle or middle part with upper/lower positions, can upwards not flowing and be advisable by barrier bottom sediment 519.
Described current disturbance baffle plate 511 can be a plurality of plates of horizontal mode parallel arrangement.The design of a plurality of plates can be separated into more spaces by settling bowl 5, thereby cut off the impact each other of its flow state, the impact of the state of disturbance that further reduces sediment receiving tank on overflow 515 streamflow regimes, also further separated flowing of bottom sediment 519, further hindered bottom sediment 519 and flowed to overflow 515.Certainly current disturbance baffle plate 511 can be also a plate.
Described current disturbance baffle plate 511 can be imperforate plate or various types of orifice plates with communicating pores, such as blossom type funnel-form orifice plate.Preferably, described current disturbance baffle plate 511 is for having the orifice plate of communicating pores, and described communicating pores is the funnel-shaped apertures that upper aperture is greater than lower aperture, can certainly be the consistent straight hole in upper and lower aperture.Imperforate plate can effectively prevent the disturbance of bottom current, but has also stoped to a certain extent the sedimentation of the impurity in the current of top; Can be in not hindering top water stream under the prerequisite of impurity sedimentation with the orifice plate of communicating pores, the impact of the disturbance that still can cut off bottom current on top current.Certainly between more, each layer of orifice plate of the number of plies of orifice plate, the arrangement in hole is covered more mutually, the arragement direction in hole more departs from vertical direction, the effect of the partition disturbance of orifice plate is better, but the production of carrying out above-mentioned setting can increase corresponding cost, therefore also need to carry out preferably according to practical situation.
It should be noted that; the quantity of orifice plate is (one or more; one or more layers), the arrangement mode of multilayer orifice plate (hole of each layer of orifice plate can be mutually cover or mutually connect); the planeform in hole (circle, rectangle, polygon, Polygons etc.); the section shape in hole (rectangle, inverted symmetry is trapezoidal or asymmetric trapezoidal, both sides are parallel or approximately parallel elbow-shaped etc.); the size in hole; the middle shape shaft in hole (vertically; near vertical, or crooked) etc. all should be in protection scope of the present invention.
Poor ability due to the movement in water of fouling organism larva, there is the biological person's character that initiatively grasps object, when it grasps to hard firm bulk solid material, just adhere to thereon and grow, when it grasps loose or small solid matter in water, because of grasped material, this is not just firm in current, so can only continue to drift about in water with grasped material, these grasping have loose, adhesive ability can be lost or weaken to the fouling organism larva of small material within a certain period of time, but now its body weight greatly increases because grasping small material, sedimentation rapidly in the water body of settling bowl 5 suitable flow velocitys, at the bottom of once these fouling organism larvas are deposited to pond, just because of chance never again, near object, complete and adhere to natural death.Settling bowl 5 is exactly the These characteristics of having utilized fouling organism larva, adopts coutroi velocity to be killed by settling process.Test detects proof, even if do not grasp the fouling organism larva of corpuscle, only depend on the weight of himself, in settling bowl 5 in the water body of the following flow velocity of 0.1 meter per second, to fouling organism larva such as the sedimentation of the larva of natural pond clam is killed filter effect and can be reached more than 70%.
Finally, the preferred embodiment of below, pulsation being killed to passage (such as pulsation is killed pipeline 8 and/or tank 9 is killed in pulsation) is described.
In flow channels, preferably, described orifice plate 12 can be multistage orifice plate 12, as shown in Figure 6 a.Described multistage orifice plate 12 all crosses described flow channels and does not interspace between described orifice plate 12 and described flow channels along flow section direction; Distance between described orifice plates 12 at different levels is orifice plate spacing 84, described orifice plate spacing 84 is determined according to the sphere of action of pulsating wave, generally should be equal to or greater than described pulsation and kill the action length of pulsating wave in passage, the action length of pulsating wave described herein need to be determined according to experiment, finds that 10cm～80cm is a preferred scope at present for the experiment of killing fouling organism larva.。The sphere of action of the pulsating wave that described orifice plate 12 produces under different flow conditions is different, and the higher sphere of action of flow velocity is larger.According to the specification of flow velocity and described orifice plate 12, calculate and determine by testing data the sphere of action of pulsating wave, determine accordingly the described orifice plate spacing 84 in described flow channels.Described orifice plate specification comprises: the thickness of orifice plate, pass (are crossed the shape of discharge orifice, be generally circle, also can adopt rectangle, pentagram type or other shape), aperture 86 interior diameter of discharge orifice (cross), pitch-row 85 (crossing the shortest distance between discharge orifice), as shown in Figure 6 b.Wherein, the effect that 84 pairs of pulsation of pitch-row 85 and orifice plate spacing are killed plays a part even more important.Described orifice plate 12 should adopt the material of nontoxic rigidity to make.
The area of the flow section of described flow channels is determined according to design discharge and/or design current velocity.
For specifically killing killing of object natural pond clam larva, what adopt is described overcurrent pipeline 8 as shown in Figure 6 a, and multistage orifice plate 12 is installed in described overcurrent pipeline 8, and as shown in Figure 6 b, its specification is described orifice plate 12: the thickness of orifice plate is 0.61-1.2mm; Hole shape is circular; Aperture 86 is 6-14mm; Pitch-row 85 is 2-4mm; Described orifice plate spacing 84 is 10-60cm; Flow velocity is 0.8-2.5m/s.Nearest distance between adjacent Kong Yukong on the same orifice plate of described pitch-row 85 finger.
The controlling device of the fouling organism larva of this embodiment has good insect killing effect for the natural pond clam larva in water body, if apply properly, killing rate can reach 80-100%.
A system, has comprised the controlling device of above-mentioned fouling organism, so has the feature and advantage of the controlling device of above-mentioned fouling organism.
In order to verify validity and the feasibility of technical scheme of the present invention, contriver's controlling device that fouling organism of the present invention is applied on western Zhijiang limit in Guangdong, is used higher western Zhijiang, the water source, Dong Jiang of clam larva content, natural pond to carry out small-scale engineering test.Test-results shows: the filter effect in biological attachment pond 3 is generally 70-80%, reaches as high as more than 85%; The filter effect of settling bowl 5 also can reach more than 70%; The effect that passage (being that pipeline 8 is killed in pulsation) is killed in pulsation here can reach more than 80%.The controlling device of whole fouling organism can reach more than 98% the clearance of natural pond clam larva in water source, and regulation effect is fairly obvious.
Advantage of the present invention is: (1) does not affect the normal operation of water delivery engineering; (2) because not using any chemical agent and toxic materials, to the water source of carrying without any pollution; (3) water that water source is carried is nature trickling, without consuming a large amount of electric power and the energy; (4) material using all can have been bought on market, processing, easy for installation, and also cost is lower; (5) operational management of equipment is fairly simple, and required manpower is less; (6) silt carrying in natural water, impurity can obtain effective sedimentation and filtration during flowing through settling bowl 5, thereby have improved the water quality at water source.
It should be pointed out that the above embodiment can make those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way.Therefore; although this specification sheets has been described in detail the present invention with reference to drawings and Examples; but; those skilled in the art are to be understood that; still can modify or be equal to replacement the present invention; and all do not depart from technical scheme and the improvement thereof of the spirit and scope of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the protection domain of patent of the present invention.

Claims (25)

1. a controlling device for fouling organism, is characterized in that, comprises connected successively water-in, biological attachment pond, settling bowl and water outlet; Described biological attachment pond is to connect and be connected continuously with described settling bowl,
Described biological attachment pond comprises biological attachment pond feed-water end and water side, biological attachment pond; The water-in of the controlling device that described biological attachment pond feed-water end is described fouling organism, described biological attachment pond also comprises organism adhering device; Described organism adhering device comprises that at least one adheres to row, described in adhere to package and draw together a plurality of lamina affixads; Described organism adhering device also comprises fixed sturcture, described fixed sturcture comprises the anchor that adheres to row described in described lamina affixad is fixed on and adheres to by described the permanent seat that row is fixedly connected with described biological attachment pond, and same to adhere to lamina affixad described in each on row be parallel construction each other;
Described settling bowl comprises settling bowl feed-water end and settling bowl water side, and described settling bowl feed-water end is connected with water side, described biological attachment pond; Described settling bowl feed-water end and/or settling bowl water side have flow and/or water level management device; Described flow and/or water level management device are according to experimental data and/or experience setting and according to operating performance, adjust flow and/or the flow velocity of settling bowl, and described settling bowl water side is overflow device.
2. the controlling device of fouling organism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in water side, described biological attachment pond, guiding device is set, the current that described guiding device is discharged water side, biological attachment pond draw back biological attachment pond feed-water end, and water body is repeatedly circulated in inside, biological attachment pond.
3. the controlling device of fouling organism according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the described overflow device of described settling bowl is at least one overflow weir and/or upflow tube, and described overflow weir crosses the flow section of described settling bowl; The water-in of described upflow tube is arranged under water and opening upwards;
And/or the described overflow device of described settling bowl water side has the water level management device of controlling described settling bowl water level.
4. according to the controlling device of arbitrary described fouling organism in claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, the Upstream section in described biological attachment pond closes on the region division current Wen Dong district of described biological attachment pond feed-water end, and described current Wen Dong district is empty spacious structure,
And/or the rigid attachment that impact resistance is set in described current Wen Dong district is arranged.
5. according to the controlling device of arbitrary described fouling organism in claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, described settling bowl is a plurality of, between described biological attachment pond and described settling bowl, division box is set;
And/or in water side, described biological attachment pond or division box feed-water end barrier and/or grid are installed.
6. according to the controlling device of arbitrary described fouling organism in claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, described lamina affixad is rigid attachment plate and/or rigid frame lamina affixad;
Described rigid attachment plate is the lamina affixad of being made by rigid material, be that flat board or cross-sectional shape are arc and/or the curved slab of waviness and/or zig-zag and/or bent or the arbitrary combination of described flat board and/or described curved slab, or wrap up the arbitrary combination of described flat board and/or described curved slab and/or described flat board and/or the described curved slab of flexible materials thereon; Described rigid attachment plate has smooth surface or surface, many holes or uneven surface, or part smooth part is cheated the uneven surface of part more; Described flat board is smooth plate or flat pit plate, or its combination;
And/or described rigid attachment plate parcel flexible materials;
Described rigid frame lamina affixad refers to, the frame that the rigid material of take is made is skeleton and/or framework rib, wraps up smooth plate or plane porous plate that flexible materials forms on described framework.
7. according to the controlling device of arbitrary described fouling organism in claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that, described parallel construction comprises described lamina affixad parallel and/or antiparallel or approximate reverse is parallel and/or two twenty percents are mirror symmetry or approximate mirror symmetry between two parallel to each other or approximate between two; Described antiparallel refers to that at described lamina affixad be cross-sectional shape while being the curved slab of arc and/or waviness and/or zig-zag and/or bent, and the shape of the parallel to each other but adjacent lamina affixad of described lamina affixad relatively or contrary.
8. according to the controlling device of arbitrary described fouling organism in claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, described adhering to arranged the flow section setting of crossing described biological attachment pond, described adhere to arrange two ends lamina affixad near biological attachment pond pool wall, and described in adhere to the size coming near the lamina affixad of biological attachment pond pool wall and adhere to upper other the lamina affixad of row described in being shorter than, and match with the shape of contiguous pool wall.
9. according to the controlling device of arbitrary described fouling organism in claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, the bottom of described settling bowl is totally the flat or scraggly end, or at the bottom of slope.
10. according to the controlling device of arbitrary described fouling organism in claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that, described settling bowl bottom also comprises that at least one sediment receiving tank, described sediment receiving tank are arranged on the bottom meeting water in the settling bowl of direction one side near described overflow device; Described sediment receiving tank is the groove structure of its parallel longitudinal or approximate parallel flow section; The vertical section that is parallel to water (flow) direction of described sediment receiving tank is shape wide at the top and narrow at the bottom; Described sediment receiving tank comprises the upstream cell wall of current updrift side and the downstream cell wall of current downstream direction, and described upstream cell wall is domatic at Qi Biding downstream direction at the bottom of its wall; And/or described downstream cell wall is upright or is bordering on upright vertical plane.
11. according to the controlling device of arbitrary described fouling organism in claim 1 to 10, it is characterized in that, described settling bowl also comprise be connected with settling bowl bottom, for discharging blow-off pipe and/or the blowdown power set of sediment in settling bowl.
12. according to the controlling device of arbitrary described fouling organism in claim 1 to 11, it is characterized in that, described settling bowl also comprises the current disturbance baffle plate that prevents disturbance on the current direction of described settling bowl bottom, described current disturbance baffle plate is arranged on described overflow weir and meets water on the wall of a side and upstream direction is stretched out, and/or be arranged on circumference water-in bottom, upflow tube outer wall of described upflow tube the parallel or approximate horizontal plane that is parallel to of plate face of described current disturbance baffle plate.
The controlling device of 13. fouling organisms according to claim 12, is characterized in that, described current disturbance baffle plate is imperforate plate and/or the orifice plate with communicating pores, and described communicating pores is the funnel-shaped apertures that consistent and/or upper aperture, upper and lower aperture is greater than lower aperture.
14. according to the controlling device of arbitrary described fouling organism in claim 1 to 13, it is characterized in that, puts that to take fouling organism or its larva be the fish of food in described biological attachment pond in a suitable place to breed.
The controlling device of 15. 1 kinds of fouling organisms, is characterized in that, comprises the controlling device of arbitrary described fouling organism in claim 1 to 14, also comprises that the pulsation being connected with described overflow device kills passage; Described pulsation is killed passage and is comprised the orifice plate of installing in flow channels and flow channels, and flow channels feed-water end and flow channels water side; At described flow channels feed-water end and/or flow channels water side, there is the power system that promotes water body flow; Described flow channels feed-water end and/or flow channels water side have flow or the flow velocity regulation device of feedwater and/or draining; Described orifice plate crosses described flow channels along flow section direction, and is fixedly connected with the inwall of described flow channels, and does not interspace between described orifice plate and described flow channels inwall, and described orifice plate refers to the plate with the communicating pores passing through for flowing water.
The controlling device of 16. 1 kinds of fouling organisms, is characterized in that, comprises connected successively water-in, biological attachment pond, pulses and kill passage and water outlet;
Described biological attachment pond comprises biological attachment pond feed-water end and water side, biological attachment pond; Described biological attachment pond feed-water end is water-in, and water side, described biological attachment pond is overflow device; Described biological attachment pond also comprises organism adhering device; Described organism adhering device comprises that at least one adheres to row, described in adhere to package and draw together a plurality of lamina affixads; Described organism adhering device also comprises fixed sturcture, described fixed sturcture comprises the anchor that adheres to row described in described lamina affixad is fixed on and adheres to by described the permanent seat that row is fixedly connected with described biological attachment pond, and same to adhere to lamina affixad described in each on row be parallel construction each other;
Described overflow device is killed passage with pulsation and is connected, and described pulsation is killed passage and comprised flow channels and the orifice plate of wherein installing, and flow channels feed-water end and flow channels water side; At described flow channels feed-water end and/or flow channels water side, there is the power system that promotes water body flow; Described flow channels feed-water end and/or flow channels water side have flow or the flow velocity regulation device of feedwater and/or draining; Described orifice plate crosses described flow channels along flow section direction, and is fixedly connected with the inwall of described flow channels, and does not interspace between described orifice plate and described flow channels inwall, and described orifice plate refers to the plate with the communicating pores passing through for flowing water.
17. according to the controlling device of the fouling organism described in claim 15 or 16, it is characterized in that, the orifice plate that passage and/or wherein installation are killed in described pulsation is dismountable being fixedly connected with.
18. controlling devices according to claim 15 to arbitrary described fouling organism in 17, is characterized in that, described pulsation is killed passage and is connected with described overflow device by captation, and described captation is water collecting basin or water leg,
And/or in the situation that overflow device is upflow tube, upflow tube itself is exactly captation.
19. controlling devices according to claim 15 to arbitrary described fouling organism in 18, it is characterized in that, described flow channels was gutter channel, the described gutter channel of crossing is for opening without pressing system, and described power system comprises that described flow channels feed-water end is higher than the waterhead of flow channels water side and/or feedwater and/or the drainage power device of described flow channels feed-water end and/or flow channels water side; The described bottom surface of gutter channel excessively has the gradient to the inclination of flow channels water side from flow channels feed-water end, and flow channels feed-water end one side of the described bottom surface of gutter channel is excessively higher than its flow channels water side one side.
20. controlling devices according to claim 15 to arbitrary described fouling organism in 18, it is characterized in that, described flow channels is overcurrent pipeline, described overcurrent pipeline is to have to press or closed system with no pressure, and described power system comprises that described flow channels feed-water end is higher than the waterhead of flow channels water side and/or feedwater and/or the drainage power device of described flow channels feed-water end and/or flow channels water side;
And/or the section form of described overcurrent pipeline is circle, ellipse or rectangle.
The controlling device of 21. fouling organisms according to claim 20, is characterized in that, described overflow device is upflow tube, and described overcurrent pipeline is also described upflow tube.
22. controlling devices according to claim 15 to arbitrary described fouling organism in 21, is characterized in that, described orifice plate is multistage orifice plate; Distance between described orifice plates at different levels is orifice plate spacing, and/or described orifice plate spacing is equal to or greater than the action length of pulsating wave in described flow channels;
And/or described orifice plate adopts the material of nontoxic rigidity to make.
The controlling device of 23. fouling organisms according to claim 22, is characterized in that, the thickness of orifice plate is 0.6-1.2mm; Hole shape is circular; Aperture is 6-14mm; Pitch-row is 2-4mm; Described orifice plate spacing is 10-60cm; It is 0.8-2.5m/s that mean flow rate in passage is killed in pulsation, and described pitch-row refers to distance nearest between Kong Yukong adjacent on same orifice plate.
24. controlling devices according to claim 15 to arbitrary described fouling organism in 23, is characterized in that, described flow channels feed-water end is provided with trash rack.
25. 1 kinds of water delivery engineering systems, is characterized in that, comprise the controlling device of arbitrary described fouling organism in claim 1 to 24.
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CN105110435B (en) * 2015-09-15 2017-03-29 清华大学 A kind of natural pond clam kills pool device and method for killing
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CN101503221A (en) * 2009-03-27 2009-08-12 中国海洋石油总公司 Apparatus with sea marine organism pollution preventing function
CN101565833A (en) * 2009-05-23 2009-10-28 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 Positive and negative alternate electrolysis-resistance metal oxide electrode
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