CN103056121A - Method and device for measuring salt density of contaminants on insulator surface - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring salt density of contaminants on insulator surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN103056121A CN103056121A CN2012105792614A CN201210579261A CN103056121A CN 103056121 A CN103056121 A CN 103056121A CN 2012105792614 A CN2012105792614 A CN 2012105792614A CN 201210579261 A CN201210579261 A CN 201210579261A CN 103056121 A CN103056121 A CN 103056121A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for measuring salt density of contaminants on the insulator surface. The device includes a water spraying device and a detecting device. The water spraying device comprises a water storing box and a spray nozzle. The water storing box is connected with the spray nozzle through a guiding pipe. The detecting device comprises a probe and a detecting device body. The probe is used for transmitting electrical conductivity in pollution water to the detecting device body to measure the salt density. The method includes: (1) wetting the surface of the contaminant insulator, (2) detecting the electrical conductivity in pollution water of step 1 through the detecting device and (3) performing a conversion from the electrical conductivity to the salt density value. According to the method and the device, the salt density distribution of different positions of the insulator surface can be measured accurately, manpower and material resources are saved, the reliability of the salt density measuring is guaranteed and the measuring efficiency is increased. Further, the method and the device are convenient, effective and rapid.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of measuring technique, be specifically related to a kind of pollution severity of insulators salt dense method and device thereof.
Background technology
Along with the raising of Operation of Electric Systems voltage and the expansion of electrical network, the insulator that line insulation is used uses also more and more.Line insulator because of long term exposure in air, easily at its surface deposition dunghill, contain electrolysed substance in the dunghill, under the humid conditions such as mist, dew, drizzle, the electrical strength of insulator is reduced greatly, may make the power system external insulation under the overvoltage effect, flashover occur, cause power outage, the normal operation of power system is worked the mischief.
The high-tension insulator pollution test draws the filthy withstand voltage of the close contaminated insulator of different salt in mist by some test methods, is accuracy and the reliability of guarantee test, need carry out the close measurement of defilement and insulation alite in the process of the test.
Circuit can be measured insulator surface salt is close under power-off condition, thereby draws this line insulator contamination rule, and to Insulator Selection, engineering design has directive significance.
Insulator artificial pollution test method commonly used is taked close quantitative salt and the ash of taking by weighing of the close ash of salt definite according to different pollution levels at present, smear or be sprayed on insulator surface, smear or spraying process in, filthy inevitably existence of weighing loses, after insulator is defiled and is finished or off-test, need that effects on surface salt is close to be surveyed sample, whether the pollution severity of insulators situation that checking defiles finishes satisfies the close wastage of insulator surface salt in test requirements document or the process of the test, method commonly used is to take wipe method and ablution, two kinds of methods all are to adopt quantitative plasma water that pollution severity of insulators is dissolved fully, use the salt of salt dense instrument measurement sewage commonly used close.
Insulator hangs on the line contamination for a long time in the pollution test of insulator nature, needs during test that insulator is taken off measurement salt close, is that use wipe method or ablution measurement insulator surface average salt is close equally.
Line insulator is when interruption maintenance, if it is close to need to measure insulator surface salt, in the situation that the short method of power off time is with sponge or nonwoven filth to be wiped on it, then filth is dissolved in the water, and then it is close to measure salt, in the situation that abundant the taking of power off time taken off insulator one by one, adopt the method for cleaning insulator surface to measure.
In the above-mentioned measurement, the salt dense device has the following disadvantages:
1) present artificial pollution test adopts manually and defiles, defile in insulator after filth quantitatively taken by weighing, manually defiling to exist the uneven problem of defiling, and can only measure the close situation of insulator surface average salt, can't know for the insulator surface distribution situation and adopt the method for scrubbing or wipe method to measure.
2) scrub method or wipe method clean pollution severity of insulators all exist filthy clean incomplete may, filth remains in insulator surface or sticks on the cleaning apparatus and can cause measure error.
3) wipe method or to scrub the method process complicated for as far as possible pollution severity of insulators being cleaned in the quantitative deionized water, needs deionized water is divided into some parts, divide several times to carry out surface clean, for the long-string insulator artificial pollution test, to carry out the multi-disc insulator and clean, process is too loaded down with trivial details.
For natural pollution test, insulator needs to take off from test circuit, and for the high-potting circuit, the insulator hitch point is all higher, and the workman wins the dunghill that is attached to insulator surface in the process and unavoidably can drop.
Mainly exist something lost filthy in the wiping process to fall for the insulator salt dense of working line under power-off condition, cause the salt dense data inaccurate, it is close that same the method can only be measured the insulator surface average salt, and can't learn the close distribution of insulator upper and lower surface salt.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of pollution severity of insulators salt dense method and device thereof, solved the insulator salt dense problem in the insulator contamination test, obtain the close value of salt of insulator different parts, thereby better grasp insulator contamination rule, instruct engineering to use.
A kind of water injector for cleaning insulator surface provided by the invention, its improvements be, described water injector comprises water storage case, shower nozzle and for detection of the sensor of the water yield in the water storage case; Described water storage case is connected with described shower nozzle by conduit, is used for the deionized water of water storage case is sprayed onto insulator surface.
Wherein, described water injector is provided with for the pump to described water storage case pressurization.
Wherein, described shower nozzle comprises fixture, be set in the outer and fixture of fixture in relative rotation revolving part and the axially movable detent mechanism of restricting rotation spare, described fixture inside is provided with cavity, described fixture is provided with spray orifice, described cavity is communicated with spray orifice with conduit, described revolving part is provided with at least five spray orifices, and when revolving part rotated at the axis around fixture, the spray orifice on the revolving part overlapped with the spray orifice on the fixture is at least part of.
On the described fixture and the diameter of spray orifice on the described revolving part be 0.5 ~ 2mm.
Wherein, at least five spray orifices on the described revolving part evenly arrange along the circumferential interval of revolving part.
Wherein, described detent mechanism comprises locator card rank and keeper;
The position of sheathed revolving part on the described fixture, its external diameter form the locator card rank less than the external diameter at all the other positions, fixture place, with revolving part one end location, and the keeper location of the revolving part other end by being connected with fixture.
The present invention is based on a kind of checkout gear for the pollution severity of insulators salt dense that another purpose provides, its improvements are, described checkout gear comprises detecting pen and the checkout gear body of connection;
The electrical conductivity that the probe of described detecting pen will detect in sewage is passed to described checkout gear body, carries out the calculating of the close value of salt.
Wherein, described detecting pen is the detecting pen that contains electrical conductivity and temperature electrode.Described detecting pen length is 5-10cm; Electrical conductivity and temperature electrode exposed length be 5-10mm as probe, the casting of all the other glue is in detecting pen, described electrical conductivity and temperature electrode are cylindrical, its radius is 1-2mm.
The present invention is based on a kind of pollution severity of insulators salt dense method that another purpose provides, its improvements are, described method comprises the steps:
1) wetting defilement and insulation sub-surface;
2) the checkout gear detecting step 1) in the electrical conductivity of sewage;
3) carry out the conversion that electrical conductivity is the close value of salt.
Wherein, conversion step is:
By formula 1 carries out the correction of electrical conductivity:
σ
20＝σ
θ[1-b(θ-20)] (1)
In the formula, θ is solution temperature, and unit is ℃; σ
θBe the volume conductance under temperature θ ℃, unit is S/m; σ
20Be the volume conductance under 20 ℃ of temperature, unit is S/m; B is factor;
The insulator surface equivalent salt density by formula 2 and formula 3 calculate:
s
a＝(5.7σ
20)
1.03 (2)
ESDD＝S
a·V/A (3)
In the formula, σ
20Be the volume conductance under 20 ℃ of temperature, unit is S/m; ESDD is equivalent salt density, and unit is mg/cm
2V is the volume of the deionized water of shower nozzle ejection, and unit is cm
3A is the nozzle surface area, and unit is cm
2
In above-mentioned, b is the factor that depends on temperature θ, and its expression formula is as follows:
b＝-3.2×10
-8θ
3+1.032×10
-5θ
2-8.272×10
-4θ+3.544×10
-2 (4)
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The present invention can Measurement accuracy insulator surface different parts the close distribution situation of salt, use manpower and material resources sparingly, guarantee the reliability of salt dense, improve the efficient of measuring, convenient, effectively, quick.
Water injector of the present invention can be sprayed on the pollution severity of insulators place rapidly, equably with the water of water storage case inside, and for follow-up measurement provides the basis, and the water yield of its shower nozzle can be very thin, very even is sprayed on filthy place, guaranteed the reliability of experimental measurement.
Water storage case in the water injector of the present invention is connected with shower nozzle by conduit, rotates by conduit, and shower nozzle can be realized the change of any direction, has increased the flexibility of water injector, and when testing at the scene, can realize the omnibearing measurement of insulator.
Checkout gear of the present invention can go out electrical conductivity in the sewage by the probe accurate detection, has guaranteed the reliability of experimental measurement.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for salt dense provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of water injector provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the shower nozzle of water injector provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of checkout gear provided by the invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Pollution severity of insulators salt dense device is mainly used in the pollution severity of insulators of insulator artificial pollution test, natural pollution test and working line and measures, the salt dense instrument adopts conductivity electrode to respond to filthy electrical conductivity, the temperature electrode temperature sensor, the indoor design program can realize measuring temperature to the conversion of normal temperature, can be according to the close conversion relation of electrical conductivity and salt, realize that electrical conductivity to the close conversion of salt, obtains the close value of filthy solution salt.During use electrode inserted in the sewage and measure.Wherein:
The present embodiment provides a kind of water injector for the dissolving pollution severity of insulators, and its structure chart comprises water storage case 1, shower nozzle 2, conduit 3 and sensor 7 as shown in Figure 2.Water storage case can be arbitrary shape, for example cuboid, square or spheroid, and its inside is provided with the minimum scale of the water yield.Sensor 7 is arranged on the water storage case 1, for detection of the water yield in the water storage case 1, crosses (it be to hang down state that water storage case inside is provided with when be lower than scale) when low when the water yield, and sensor 7 sends the song warning.Water storage case 1 is connected connection by conduit 3 with shower nozzle.Water storage case inside also can be provided with a conduit, and its length equals water storage case 1 water outlet place to the height of water storage case 1 bottom.
Water injector also comprises pressue device, is vavuum pump 4, is used for to water storage case 1 pressurization, and pump 4 is connected with water storage case 1.After pump 4 was given water storage case 1 internal pressurization, water flowed to outside conduit 3 from the water storage case inner conduit, flows to shower nozzle again.
The nozzle structure figure of the present embodiment comprises fixture 21 and is set in relative rotation revolving part 22 of the outer and fixture of fixture as shown in Figure 3.Fixture 21 inside are provided with cavity, and described fixture 21 is provided with spray orifice, and described cavity is communicated with spray orifice with conduit, and described revolving part is provided with at least five spray orifices, evenly arrange along the circumferential interval of revolving part.Revolving part is when the axis of fixture rotates, and the spray orifice on the revolving part and the spray orifice on the fixture be at least part of to overlap that (registration is greater than 1.), water can be sprayed.
Also be provided with detent mechanism on the shower nozzle, comprise locator card rank and keeper; The position of sheathed revolving part on the described fixture, its external diameter be less than the external diameter at all the other positions, fixture place, forms the locator card rank, on fixture and the revolving part, with the direction of fixture axially parallel on keeper (dop) is set respectively, be used for the position rotating part.
On the described fixture and the diameter of spray orifice on the described revolving part be 0.5 ~ 2mm.The bore of spray orifice is less, can guarantee can large tracts of land not spread after the water droplet ejection, and water is even and thin.
The present embodiment provides a kind of checkout gear for the pollution severity of insulators salt dense, as shown in Figure 4, comprises detecting pen 5 and checkout gear body 6; The electrical conductivity that the probe of described detecting pen 5 will detect in sewage is passed to described checkout gear body 6, carries out the calculating of the close value of salt.
Wherein, described detecting pen 5 is for containing the detecting pen of electrical conductivity and temperature electrode, and its length is 5-10cm; Electrical conductivity and temperature electrode exposed length be 5-10mm as probe, the casting of all the other glue is in detecting pen; Described electrical conductivity and temperature electrode are cylindrical, and its radius is 1-2mm.
Described checkout gear is the salt dense device.
The present embodiment provides a kind of method for the pollution severity of insulators salt dense, and its flow chart specifically comprises the steps: as shown in Figure 1
1) water injector is sprayed water to the pollution severity of insulators place; Its surface can be any position of insulator surface, and deionized water is housed in the water injector, and the dissolving filth forms sewage after its ejection;
2) position to be measured is fully moistening, after the dirt dissolving, electrode and temp probe 5 is inserted in the sewage, in the situation that sewage quantity is certain, can realize the complete submergence of electrode and temp probe 5, obtains electrical conductivity and passes to the checkout gear body;
3) described checkout gear body obtains the close value of salt with the electrical conductivity that obtains by conversion.
By formula 1 carries out the correction of electrical conductivity:
σ
20＝σ
θ[1-b(θ-20)] (1)
In the formula, θ is solution temperature, and unit is ℃; σ
θBe the volume conductance under temperature θ ℃, unit is S/m; σ
20Be the volume conductance under 20 ℃ of temperature, unit is S/m; B is factor;
The insulator surface equivalent salt density by formula 2 and formula 3 calculate:
s
a＝(5.7σ
20)
1.03 (2)
ESDD＝S
a·V/A (3)
In the formula, σ
20Be the volume conductance under 20 ℃ of temperature, unit is S/m; ESDD is equivalent salt density, and unit is mg/cm
2V is the volume of the deionized water of shower nozzle ejection, and unit is cm
3A is the nozzle surface area, and unit is cm
2
In above-mentioned, b is the factor that depends on temperature θ, and its expression formula is as follows:
b＝-3.2×10
-8θ
3+1.032×10
-5θ
2-8.272×10
-4θ+3.544×10
-2 (4)
For the maintenance under insulator nature pollution test and the circuit powering-off state, when need are measured the surface filth situation of test line segment test insulator, can allow the workman with test line segment on this device band, directly measure.
Should be noted that at last: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit, although with reference to above-described embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can make amendment or be equal to replacement the specific embodiment of the present invention, and do not break away from any modification of spirit and scope of the invention or be equal to replacement, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a water injector that be used for to clean insulator surface is characterized in that, described water injector comprises water storage case, shower nozzle and for detection of the sensor of the water yield in the water storage case; Described water storage case is connected with described shower nozzle by conduit, is used for the deionized water of water storage case is sprayed onto insulator surface.
2. water injector as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described water injector is provided with for the pump to described water storage case pressurization.
3. water injector as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described shower nozzle comprises fixture, be set in the outer and fixture of fixture in relative rotation revolving part and the axially movable detent mechanism of restricting rotation spare, described fixture inside is provided with cavity, described fixture is provided with spray orifice, described cavity is communicated with spray orifice with conduit, described revolving part is provided with at least five spray orifices, when revolving part rotated at the axis around fixture, the spray orifice on the revolving part overlapped with the spray orifice on the fixture is at least part of.
On the described fixture and the diameter of spray orifice on the described revolving part be 0.5 ~ 2mm.
4. water injector as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, at least five spray orifices on the described revolving part evenly arrange along the circumferential interval of revolving part.
5. water injector as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described detent mechanism comprises locator card rank and keeper;
The position of sheathed revolving part on the described fixture, its external diameter form the locator card rank less than the external diameter at all the other positions, fixture place, with revolving part one end location, and the keeper location of the revolving part other end by being connected with fixture.
6. a checkout gear that is used for the pollution severity of insulators salt dense is characterized in that, described checkout gear comprises detecting pen and the checkout gear body of connection;
The electrical conductivity that the probe of described detecting pen will detect in sewage is passed to described checkout gear body, carries out the calculating of the close value of salt.
7. checkout gear as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described detecting pen is the detecting pen that contains electrical conductivity and temperature electrode.
8. checkout gear as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described detecting pen length is 5-10cm; Electrical conductivity and temperature electrode exposed length be 5-10mm as probe, the casting of all the other glue is in detecting pen, described electrical conductivity and temperature electrode are cylindrical, its radius is 1-2mm.
9. a pollution severity of insulators salt dense method is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:
1) wetting defilement and insulation sub-surface;
2) the checkout gear detecting step 1) in the electrical conductivity of sewage;
3) carry out electrical conductivity to the conversion of the close value of salt.
10. method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, the described electrical conductivity of carrying out step 3) by following expression formula converts:
By formula 1 carries out the correction of electrical conductivity:
σ
20＝σ
θ[1-b(θ-20)] (1)
In the formula, θ is solution temperature, and unit is ℃; σ
θBe the volume conductance under temperature θ ℃, unit is S/m; σ
20Be the volume conductance under 20 ℃ of temperature, unit is S/m; B is factor;
The insulator surface equivalent salt density by formula 2 and formula 3 calculate:
s
a＝(5.7σ
20)
1.03 (2)
ESDD＝S
a·V/A (3)
In the formula, σ
20Be the volume conductance under 20 ℃ of temperature, unit is S/m; ESDD is equivalent salt density, and unit is mg/cm
2V is the volume of the deionized water of shower nozzle ejection, and unit is cm
3A is the nozzle surface area, and unit is cm
2
11. method as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, described b is the factor that depends on temperature θ, and its expression formula is as follows:
b＝-3.2×10
-8θ
3+1.032×10
-5θ
2-8.272×10
-4θ+3.544×10
-2 (4)。
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103308656A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2013-09-18 | 安徽省电力科学研究院 | Method for measuring equivalent salt density and ash density of cluster parachute surface of composite insulator |
| CN104502411A (en) * | 2014-11-16 | 2015-04-08 | 杭州华闻电力科技有限公司 | Insulator salt density on-line monitoring device |
| CN104977325A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-14 | 江苏省电力公司连云港供电公司 | Insulator hydrophobic surface local salt density measuring device and measuring method |
| CN108254660A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-07-06 | 淮阴师范学院 | A kind of isolator detecting equipment |
| CN108333481A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-07-27 | 淮阴师范学院 | A kind of detection method of insulator |
| CN109127183A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2019-01-04 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Salt spray generator and salt fog spraying method for insulator |
| CN109332236A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-15 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司抚顺供电公司 | Insulator salt density detects automatic flushing device |
| CN110058131A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-07-26 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of spray dirt method of insulator surface |
| CN112964757A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-15 | 浙江屹飞电力科技有限公司 | Insulator surface filthy soluble salt composition analysis device |
| CN114518387A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-05-20 | 华南师范大学 | Insulator equivalent salt deposit density measuring method, measuring instrument and intelligent transmission Internet of things system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103308656A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2013-09-18 | 安徽省电力科学研究院 | Method for measuring equivalent salt density and ash density of cluster parachute surface of composite insulator |
| CN104502411A (en) * | 2014-11-16 | 2015-04-08 | 杭州华闻电力科技有限公司 | Insulator salt density on-line monitoring device |
| CN104977325A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-14 | 江苏省电力公司连云港供电公司 | Insulator hydrophobic surface local salt density measuring device and measuring method |
| CN108254660A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-07-06 | 淮阴师范学院 | A kind of isolator detecting equipment |
| CN108333481A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-07-27 | 淮阴师范学院 | A kind of detection method of insulator |
| CN109127183A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2019-01-04 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Salt spray generator and salt fog spraying method for insulator |
| CN109332236A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-15 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司抚顺供电公司 | Insulator salt density detects automatic flushing device |
| CN110058131A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-07-26 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of spray dirt method of insulator surface |
| CN110058131B (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2022-09-23 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Dirt spraying method for surface of insulator |
| CN112964757A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-15 | 浙江屹飞电力科技有限公司 | Insulator surface filthy soluble salt composition analysis device |
| CN114518387A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-05-20 | 华南师范大学 | Insulator equivalent salt deposit density measuring method, measuring instrument and intelligent transmission Internet of things system |
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