CN103051978A - H264-based real-time mobile video service control method - Google Patents
H264-based real-time mobile video service control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an H264-based real-time mobile video service control method, which belongs to the field of real-time streaming media and mobile network transmission. The method includes the following steps: a real-time video is coded according to H264, a low bit rate and low resolution, the coded H264 video data are then packed, the processed video data is transmitted to a mobile terminal according to the real-time stream transmission protocol, a three-phase bit rate control method is adopted, the status of a mobile network channel is detected and fed back by a transmission control mechanism in the process of transmission, and according to feedback information, bit rate control is carried out at the coding end. Finally, the transmitted video data is decoded and displayed by the mobile terminal. The method can effectively guarantee the real-time mobile video service quality in a mobile network environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to real time flow medium and mobile network's transmission field, particularly a kind of real-time mobile video service control method based on H264.
Background technology
The real time flow medium technology is a kind of multimedia data network transmission technology of rising gradually along with the development of network and multimedia technology.The transmission means of real time flow medium is: video data is through after the compression coding, be transferred to receiving terminal from source real-time continuous ground by network link, receiving terminal is to the video data that the receives broadcast of decoding, source is by sending continuously the Media Stream of data formation steady and continuous, and receiving terminal carries out local cache to the data that receive and to the data cached broadcast of decoding.
The real time flow medium technology relates to the encoding and decoding technique of video, the technology of the aspects such as the Internet Transmission of video flowing.Wherein the encoding and decoding technique of video mainly is by the redundant information in the encryption algorithm compressing video frequency flow, to reduce the code check of video.The Congestion Control Algorithm that the Internet Transmission of video flowing mainly comprises the network transmission protocol of video flowing, proposes for the shake of available bandwidth and time delay, and the technology such as error control that propose for Network Packet Loss.
Service quality (QOS) problem for Internet Transmission, aspect the transmission of video agreement, the application-layer media flow host-host protocol has comprised that the companies such as Netscape assist the real time streaming transport protocol (RTSP) that proposes, RTP (RTP), and relevant resource reservation protocol (RSVP) and the RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol (RTCP) of streaming media control.Then be User Datagram Protoco (UDP) (UDP) and the host-host protocol of two main flows of transmission control protocol (TCP) in transport layer.
Adopt udp protocol transmitting video data efficient higher, propagation delay time is less, but itself does not have the mechanism such as flow control, congestion control and error control, and the situation that packet loss occurs will cause video quality to descend.
Adopt TCP view transmitting video data to possess the mechanism such as congestion control and error control, because its congestion mechanism and affirmation retransmission mechanism cause certain influence to the throughput of Internet Transmission, cause its efficiency of transmission lower, thereby affect real-time and the fluency of video.
Summary of the invention
The shortcoming and deficiency that exist in order to overcome prior art the invention provides a kind of real-time mobile video service control method based on H264
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of real-time mobile video service control method based on H264 comprises the steps:
The S1 encoder server carries out the H264 coding to the video data of Real-time Collection;
Video data the pack processing of S2 after to coding;
Video data transmitting after S3 will process by real time streaming transport protocol is to portable terminal;
The S4 portable terminal is with the video data that the receives demonstration of decoding.
Described real time streaming transport protocol is made of RTP and RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol.
Video data pack processings of described S2 after to coding, be specially: separate NALU the video data after encoding, then adopt three kinds of packing scheme that each NALU is packaged into corresponding RTP packet, the RTP data packet length is not more than MTU;
Described three kinds of packing scheme are specially:
(1) subpackage: when the length of NALU during greater than MTU, a NALU is encapsulated in n RTP(RTP) in the bag, described n is that NALU length is divided by MTU length and round up;
(2) package: when the length of NALU during less than minimum threshold, a plurality of NALU are encapsulated in the RTP bag, minimum threshold is half of MTU length;
(3) single bag: when a NALU length was between MTU and minimum value, a NALU was encapsulated in the RTP bag.
Described S3 also comprises, adopts real time streaming transport protocol that the state of mobile network's channel is detected in the process of transmission and feeds back, and according to the state of the current mobile network's channel of feedback, adjusts the bandwidth that video frequency coding rate adapts to current channel.
Described adjustment video frequency coding rate adopts triphasic bit rate control method.
Described triphasic bit rate control method comprises the feedback behind precoding, coding, the coding;
Described precoding is specially:
Initialization operation: the distributed code check according to current Channel Detection carries out presetting of coding parameter, and presetting of described coding parameter comprises setting H264 coding parameter bit-rates values, makes video data rate be lower than the distributed code check of current Channel Detection;
S61 will not carry out the video data frame of H264 coding and will put into buffer queue, adjust length of buffer queue according to the feedback information of real time streaming transport protocol;
S62 selects coded frame to process to the not coded frame in the buffer queue, be specially: select a frame every the n frame in the not coded frame in buffer queue, and neglect the not coded frame of selecting before the frame, obtain selecting frame, wherein n is that per second is not encoded frame number divided by per second output encoder frame number and rounded up;
S63 further obtains the precoding code check of video data according to the support bandwidth that obtains current Channel Detection among the S61 from the feedback information of real time streaming transport protocol;
S64 obtains the precoding code check according to S63, and the coding parameter of H264 is set.
Described coding stage, be specially:
The H264 coding parameter that S65 calculated according to the precoding stage carries out the H264 coding to the selection frame that obtains among the S62;
Feedback behind the described coding is specially:
The video data transmitting actual bit rate of S66 after to coding added up, and statistical unit needs the coding video frequency data that sends in the time, further obtain the actual bit rate of video data transmitting.
Frame-skipping is selected behind the S67 coding, and the error size of the precoding code check of the video data that obtains among the actual bit rate of the video data transmitting that judgement S66 obtains and the S64 is if error greater than 10%, is then skipped this frame;
The selection of S68 Rate Control model is specially:
The video data frame number that calculation procedure S67 skips is selected low bit rate mode or high bit rate mode according to the frame-skipping rate in the unit interval.
Frame-skipping rate in the described unit interval then adopts low bit rate mode, otherwise adopts high bit rate mode greater than 20%.
Described H264 is encoded to the coding of low code check and low resolution, and described code check is 20-50kbps, and resolution is for being equal to or less than the 352x288 pixel.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention proposes a kind of real-time mobile video service control method based on H264, the method adopts the real time streaming agreement, this agreement has adopted udp protocol to carry out transfer of data, guaranteed transmitting efficiency, when adopting udp protocol, combine the packing scheme of mentioning in the patent, this scheme is by splitting excessive video packets of data, improved the success rate that packet arrives, encapsulate less video packets of data, reduced the quantity of packet, thereby reduced on the whole packet loss, remedied and adopted udp protocol to transmit the deficiency of easy packet loss.
The method is used triphasic bit rate control method, according to feedback information, adjusts coding parameter before coding, behind coding, carry out actual bit rate statistics and frame-skipping, reach the effect of accurate control code check, make video code rate meet the channel tolerance range, reached the effect that ensures the video smooth playing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of real-time mobile video service control method overall framework figure based on H264;
Fig. 2 is that video data packing of the present invention is processed and the transmission control flow chart;
Fig. 3 is three stage Rate Control flow charts of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1: a kind of real-time mobile video service control method based on H264 comprises the steps:
The S1 encoder server carries out the H264 coding of lower frequency and low code check to the video data of Real-time Collection;
Video data pack processings of S2 after to coding, be specially: separate NALU the video data after encoding, then adopt three kinds of packing scheme that each NALU is packaged into corresponding RTP packet, the RTP data packet length is not more than MTU;
Described three kinds of packing scheme are specially:
(1) length subpackage: when the NALU(network abstraction layer unit) is greater than the MTU(MTU) time, a NALU is encapsulated in n RTP(RTP) in the bag, n is that NALU length is divided by MTU length and round up;
(2) package: when the length of NALU during less than minimum threshold, a plurality of NALU are encapsulated in a RTP(RTP) in the bag, minimum threshold is half of MTU length;
(3) single bag: when a NALU length was between MTU and minimum value, a NALU was encapsulated in the RTP bag.
Data behind the process H264 coding are Basic Flows of H264, and the Basic Flow of H264 is comprised of a series of network abstraction layer unit (NALU), and different NALU is according to the difference of its data volume that comprises, and its size is also variant.In IP network, when surpassing MTU (MTU), the message size that will transmit to produce the IP fragmentation situation.If the IP packet that sends is greater than MTU, packet transmissions of will splitly coming will produce a lot of packet fragments like this, increases packet loss, the reduction network speed.And if the IP data package size, each packet will carry some other information, will cause like this waste of the network bandwidth.Therefore before video data encoder is carried out the RTP Internet Transmission, to the NALU of the H264 processing of packing.
As shown in Figure 2, the video data transmitting after S3 will process by real time streaming transport protocol (RTSP) is to portable terminal, and described real time streaming transport protocol is made of real-time transport protocol (rtp) and RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol (RTCP); In the process of transmission, adopt real time streaming transport protocol that the state of mobile network's channel is detected and feed back, according to the state of the current mobile network's channel of feedback, adjust the bandwidth that video frequency coding rate adapts to current channel.
Described real time streaming transport protocol (RTSP) carries out real-time mobile video data transfer and control.RTP is the transport layer protocol that operates on the UDP, RTP packet is comprised of fixing two parts of packet header and load, the implication of front 12 bytes of its middle wrapping head is fixed, load then can be the audio or video data, and the RTP packet has comprised the information such as type, form, sequence number and timestamp of transmission medium.These all are that real-time streaming media provides the foundation.
As shown in Figure 3: described adjustment video frequency coding rate adopts triphasic bit rate control method, comprises the feedback three phases behind precoding, coding, the coding, and is specific as follows:
Described precoding is specially:
Initialization operation: the distributed code check according to current Channel Detection carries out presetting of coding parameter, and presetting of described coding parameter comprises setting H264 coding parameter bit-rates values, makes video data rate be lower than the distributed code check of current Channel Detection;
S61 will not carry out the video data frame of H264 coding and will put into buffer queue, adjust length of buffer queue according to the feedback information of real time streaming transport protocol;
S62 selects coded frame to process to the not coded frame in the buffer queue, be specially: select a frame every the n frame in the not coded frame in buffer queue, and neglect the not coded frame of selecting before the frame, obtain selecting frame, wherein n is that per second is not encoded frame number divided by per second output encoder frame number and rounded up;
S63 further obtains the precoding code check of video data according to the support bandwidth that obtains current Channel Detection among the S61 from the feedback information of real time streaming transport protocol;
S64 obtains the precoding code check according to S63, and the coding parameter of H264 encoder is set.
Described coding stage, be specially:
The H264 coding parameter that S65 calculated according to the precoding stage carries out the H264 coding to the selection frame that obtains among the S62;
Feedback behind the described coding is specially:
The video data transmitting actual bit rate of S66 after to coding added up, and statistical unit needs the coding video frequency data that sends in the time, further obtain the actual bit rate of video data transmitting.
Frame-skipping is selected behind the S67 coding, and the error size of the precoding code check of the video data that obtains among the actual bit rate of the video data transmitting that judgement S66 obtains and the S64 is if error greater than 10%, is then skipped this frame;
The selection of S68 Rate Control model is specially:
The video data frame number that calculation procedure S67 skips is selected low bit rate mode or high bit rate mode according to the frame-skipping rate in the unit interval, and the frame-skipping rate within the unit interval then adopts low bit rate mode, otherwise adopts high bit rate mode greater than 20%.
Three phases constantly circulates, even can upgrade current channel conditions by feedback, adjusts the bit rate mode of coding, can make the preferably variation of adaptive channel state of code check.The present invention carries out rate adjust by the state of the current channel of prediction according to the bandwidth situation of current channel, to adapt to current channel width, avoids causing the situations such as network congestion and error code, thereby guarantees the fluency of real-time video in mobile network's transmission.
In the process of transmitting video data, portable terminal regularly sends the RTCP packet to server end, server end is predicted the state informations such as current network bandwidth and Congestion Level SPCC by computing network packet loss and delay jitter after receiving the RTCP packet, for three stage Rate Control provide foundation.
The S4 portable terminal is delivered to the decoder demonstration of decoding with the video data that receives.
In the process of transmitting video data, portable terminal regularly sends the RTCP packet to server end, server end is predicted the state informations such as current network bandwidth and Congestion Level SPCC by computing network packet loss and delay jitter after receiving the RTCP packet, for three stage Rate Control provide foundation.
The test result that the present invention is applied in the middle of the mobile video monitor system shows that it can guarantee the service quality of real-time mobile video in the mobile network environment effectively.
Embodiment 1
Mobile video is widely used in the fields such as video monitoring, visual telephone and mobile TV in real time, in order to test the effect of service control method of the present invention, the present invention is applied in the mobile video monitor system;
This mobile video monitor system four parts: comprise that one is the front end camera device of being responsible for real time video collection; The 2nd, be responsible for providing the application server of the functions such as authentication and management, the 3rd, be responsible for providing the mobile stream medium service device of H264 real-time video coding and transmission; The 4th, watch the mobile terminal device of Real Time Monitoring video by the mobile network.
Mobile video monitor system realization cell phone apparatus terminal is watched different local camera reviews by network, so that video monitoring is not limited by zone and wireless network mode, so long as there is the place of cell phone network just can realize real-time video monitoring whenever and wherever possible.
The cell phone apparatus terminal is by wireless network, through fire compartment wall and gateway accessing video private network, with the various servers of accessing video private network inside.The user to obtain the camera tabulation, browses the monitor video image by the client login authentication.Mobile phone is realized video monitoring, after passing through the checking of management center server, the cell phone apparatus terminal obtains the camera tabulation that corresponding authority can be accessed, and connects the mobile phone flow medium server, sends corresponding camera information and obtains corresponding video image with application.Video image is pooled to the video private network through the Internet, by the mobile phone flow medium server original image is resampled coding in order to make image be fit to decoding broadcast on the mobile phone, realized simultaneously the distribution that copies of video data by server, realize Multi-Client Concurrency Access one road video, the bandwidth when lowering Concurrency Access one road video on the video private network is used.
In order to test the effect of this method, we carry out following test, be that the GPRS of China Mobile, Real-Time Video Resolution are that CIF (352x288), video frame rate are under the condition of 8 frame/seconds at mobile network environment, same road monitor video carried out coding transmission based on different average bit rates play relatively.With average packet loss ratio, average delay, Y-PSNR (PSNR) objective standard as the evaluation map image quality, test result is as shown in table 1.
Analytical table 1 as can be known, under GPRS mobile network condition, when the Video coding average bit rate is lower than 40kbps.Average packet loss ratio and the average delay of transmission of video are very little, and video playback is very smooth, and video image is more clear.Along with the increase of average bit rate, network packet loss rate and average delay also constantly increase, and the increase of PSNR value slows down, and fluency descends to some extent, but still can satisfy the quality requirement that real-time mobile video is used.
Table 1 average bit rate and Y-PSNR test are relatively
| Average bit rate (kbps) | Average packet loss ratio (%) | Average delay (s) | Mean P SNR(dB) |
| 25 | 0.6 | 2.0 | 34.29 |
| 30 | 0.8 | 2.3 | 35.65 |
| 35 | 1.3 | 2.5 | 36.75 |
| 40 | 2.2 | 3.2 | 37.46 |
| 45 | 3.2 | 3.6 | 37.88 |
| 50 | 4.7 | 4.1 | 38.15 |
The present invention at first hangs down the H264 coding of code check and low resolution to real-time video, then the H264 video data behind the coding is carried out subpackage and package is processed, and the video data transmitting after will processing by real time streaming transport protocol is to portable terminal.Transmission controlling mechanism by RTSP in the process of transmission detects the state of mobile network's channel and feeds back, and carry out code check that Rate Control namely adjusts real-time video coding adapting to mobile network's bandwidth according to feedack at coding side, thereby guarantee the fluency of real-time mobile video transmission.At last at portable terminal to the H264 video data that the transmits demonstration of decoding.
Above-described embodiment is the better execution mode of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the examples; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under Spirit Essence of the present invention and the principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the real-time mobile video service control method based on H264 is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
The S1 encoder server carries out the H264 coding to the video data of Real-time Collection;
Video data the pack processing of S2 after to coding;
Video data transmitting after S3 will process by real time streaming transport protocol is to portable terminal;
The S4 portable terminal is with the video data that the receives demonstration of decoding.
2. a kind of real-time mobile video service control method based on H264 according to claim 1 is characterized in that described real time streaming transport protocol is made of RTP and RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol.
3. a kind of real-time mobile video service control method based on H264 according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, video data the pack processing of described S2 after to coding, be specially: from the video data behind the coding, separate NALU, then adopt three kinds of packing scheme that each NALU is packaged into corresponding RTP packet, the RTP data packet length is not more than MTU;
Described three kinds of packing scheme are specially:
(1) subpackage: when the length of NALU during greater than MTU, a NALU is encapsulated in n the RTP bag, described n is that NALU length is divided by MTU length and round up;
(2) package: when the length of NALU during less than minimum threshold, a plurality of NALU are encapsulated in the RTP bag, described minimum threshold is half of MTU length;
(3) single bag: when a NALU length was between MTU and minimum threshold, a NALU was encapsulated in the RTP bag.
4. a kind of real-time mobile video service control method based on H264 according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described S3 also comprises, in the process of transmission, adopt real time streaming transport protocol that the state of mobile network's channel is detected and feed back, according to the state of the current mobile network's channel of feedback, adjust the bandwidth that video frequency coding rate adapts to current channel.
5. a kind of real-time mobile video service control method based on H264 according to claim 4 is characterized in that described adjustment video frequency coding rate adopts triphasic bit rate control method.
6. a kind of real-time mobile video service control method based on H264 according to claim 5 is characterized in that described triphasic bit rate control method comprises the feedback behind precoding, coding, the coding;
Described precoding is specially:
Initialization operation: the distributed code check according to current Channel Detection carries out presetting of coding parameter, and presetting of described coding parameter comprises setting H264 coding parameter bit-rates values, makes video data rate be lower than the distributed code check of current Channel Detection;
S61 will not carry out the video data frame of H264 coding and will put into buffer queue, adjust length of buffer queue according to the feedback information of real time streaming transport protocol;
S62 selects coded frame to process to the not coded frame in the buffer queue, be specially: select a frame every the n frame in the not coded frame in buffer queue, and neglect the not coded frame of selecting before the frame, obtain selecting frame, wherein n is that per second is not encoded frame number divided by per second output encoder frame number and rounded up;
S63 further obtains the precoding code check of video data according to the support bandwidth that obtains current Channel Detection among the S61 from the feedback information of real time streaming transport protocol;
S64 obtains the precoding code check according to S63, and the coding parameter of H264 is set.
Described coding stage, be specially:
The H264 coding parameter that S65 calculated according to the precoding stage carries out the H264 coding to the selection frame that obtains among the S62;
Feedback behind the described coding is specially:
The video data transmitting actual bit rate of S66 after to coding added up, and statistical unit needs the coding video frequency data that sends in the time, further obtain the actual bit rate of video data transmitting.
Frame-skipping is selected behind the S67 coding, and the error size of the precoding code check of the video data that obtains among the actual bit rate of the video data transmitting that judgement S66 obtains and the S64 is if error greater than 10%, is then skipped this frame;
The selection of S68 Rate Control model is specially:
The video data frame number that calculation procedure S67 skips is selected low bit rate mode or high bit rate mode according to the frame-skipping rate in the unit interval.
7. a kind of real-time mobile video service control method based on H264 according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the frame-skipping rate in the described unit interval then adopts low bit rate mode, otherwise adopts high bit rate mode greater than 20%.
8. a kind of real-time mobile video service control method based on H264 according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the code check of described H264 coding is 20kbps～50kbps, and described resolution is for being equal to or less than the 352x288 pixel.
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