CN103043725A - Zinc iron oxide/graphene composite material, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Zinc iron oxide/graphene composite material, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103043725A CN103043725A CN2013100196690A CN201310019669A CN103043725A CN 103043725 A CN103043725 A CN 103043725A CN 2013100196690 A CN2013100196690 A CN 2013100196690A CN 201310019669 A CN201310019669 A CN 201310019669A CN 103043725 A CN103043725 A CN 103043725A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a zinc iron oxide/graphene composite material, and a preparation method and application thereof. The composite material is in a laminated structure and comprises nano level zinc iron oxide particles and graphene, wherein the molecular formula of the zinc iron oxide is ZnFe2O4, and the diameter of the nano level zinc iron oxide particles is 10-20 nanometers. Because of the dispersion and load-bearing action of the graphene, the zinc iron oxide in the composite material can be uniformly distributed, have a small particle size and form a laminated structure, can effectively improve the magnetic property of the zinc iron oxide and can be used as a magnetic material. The invention also discloses a one-step low-temperature preparation method of the composite material, which has the advantages of simple process, low cost, short cycle, low energy consumption and the like and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the magnetic composite field, be specifically related to a kind of zinc-iron oxides/graphene composite material and its preparation method and application.
Background technology
Nano magnetic material and application thereof are the focuses of world today's magneticsubstance research, because it both can be applied to prepare permanent magnet, magnetic recording, magnetic cooling material, simultaneously also have more and more important application prospect at biomedical sector and sensor field etc., and the nano-magnetic oxide compound, such as Fe
3O
4, Co
3O
4, NiO and derivative thereof be the focus of studying in the nano magnetic material.The particle size of this type oxide is dropped to nano level, can realize nanometer size effect, quantum size effect, surface effects etc., can improve its magnetic property.In addition, this type oxide and other materials being compounded to form nano combined magneticsubstance is one of effective way that improves its magnetic performance.Graphene is owing to its excellent performance, such as high intrinsic mobility (20000cm
2V
-1s
-1), high specific surface area (2630m
2g
-1), high thermal conductivity (5000Wm
-1K
-1), high Young's modulus (~1.0TPa), add himself ferromegnetism, Hall effect, quantum tunneling effect etc., be to form the ideal body material of nano combined magneticsubstance.
Existing a lot of as the report that body material prepares nano combined magneticsubstance with Graphene in the prior art, but mainly concentrate on Fe
3O
4Based nano-material, a kind of preparation method who prepares graphene-supported ferriferrous oxide nano magneticsubstance is disclosed such as Chinese patent application CN201010502549.2, the method adopts the preparation method of ex situ, namely first take graphite oxide as presoma, prepare Graphene by hydrazine hydrate reduction, again Graphene is dispersed in the aqueous solution, adds solubility divalence or trivalent iron salt and ammoniacal liquor, obtain nano composite material through reacting by heating.In addition, Chinese patent application CN201210005172.9 also discloses the preparation method that a kind of original position prepares graphene-supported ferriferrous oxide nano magneticsubstance, namely first with graphite oxide ultra-sonic dispersion in ethanol and aqueous systems, again solubility trivalent or divalent iron salt are stirred in ethanol, obtain nano magnetic composite materials after then above-mentioned two solution stirring being blended in 50~90 ℃ of reactions.Chinese patent application CN201210213651.X discloses a kind of spinel type magnetic MFe
2O
4The preparation method of/graphene composite material is with water-soluble metal M
2+Salt and Fe
3+For presoma, take graphite oxide as matrix, at first graphite oxide ultra-sonic dispersion in ethanol or water solvent is obtained the graphene oxide dispersion liquid; Then with M
2+And Fe
3+The M of mol ratio 1:2
2+Salt and Fe
3+Fully mix in the salt brine solution adding graphene oxide dispersion liquid and obtain mixed solution; Mixed solution adds reductive agent in 80~150 ℃ of stirring reactions 4~10 hours with lye pH adjustment value>10 o'clock; Separation after the reaction end, washing, dry and grinding; Powder after will grinding at last in nitrogen or argon gas atmosphere in 300 ℃ of roastings 2~10 hours, M
2+Be Mn
2+, Zn
2+Or Ni
2+Magnetic MFe in this matrix material
2O
4Nanometer particle load amount height, Stability Analysis of Structures, evenly, good dispersity, and and Graphene between stronger bonding force is arranged, can be widely used in magnetic target material etc. and other relevant field of functional materials; But this composite manufacture need to use reductive agent hydrazine hydrate and sodium borohydride, and cost is high, and can't obtain the matrix material of laminate structure.Therefore, exploitation zinc-iron oxides/Graphene composite Nano magneticsubstance has broad application prospects.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the zinc-iron oxides/graphene composite material of the good laminate structure of a kind of magnetic behavior.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of zinc-iron oxides/graphene composite material of laminate structure, and the method technique is simple, and energy consumption is low, cost is low, is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
The present invention finds zinc-iron oxides and the Graphene of suitable dimension is compound, can be used to significantly improve the magnetic performance of zinc-iron oxides.
A kind of zinc-iron oxides/graphene composite material is laminate structure, is comprised of nano level zinc-iron oxides particle and Graphene (G), and the molecular formula of described zinc-iron oxides is ZnFe
2O
4, the diameter of described nano level zinc-iron oxides particle is 10 nanometers~20 nanometers.
The matrix material of the laminate structure that the zinc-iron oxides particle of the present invention's 10 nanometers~20 nanometers and Graphene are compound, magnetic performance significantly improves.
In order further to improve the application performance of matrix material, the weight percentage of Graphene is preferably 1%~14% in the described matrix material, and more preferably 4%~13%, most preferably be 8%.
Described nano level zinc-iron oxides particle is scattered in the graphene sheet layer, and each graphene sheet layer forms laminate structure; Preferably, nano level zinc-iron oxides uniform particles is scattered in the graphene sheet layer in the described matrix material, and each graphene sheet layer forms laminate structure.
The preparation method of described zinc-iron oxides/graphene composite material may further comprise the steps:
1) Zn salt and trivalent Fe salt are pressed Zn
2+With Fe
3+Mol ratio be that 1:2 is dissolved in deionized water or the organic solvent, obtain Zn
2+With Fe
3+Total concn be the solution of 0.015mol/L~0.15mol/L, add again graphene oxide (GO), obtain mixing solutions through ultra-sonic dispersion;
The add-on of described GO is zinc-iron oxides ZnFe
2O
45%~50% of theoretical weight, more preferably 10%~37.5%;
2) with adding alkaline conditioner in the mixing solutions of step 1) the pH value is transferred to 8~12, then sealing is warming up to 220 ℃~260 ℃, react cooling after 26 hours~72 hours, collect solid product, through deionized water and the washing of dehydrated alcohol alternate repetition, drying obtains zinc-iron oxides/graphene composite material.
Do not need to use reductive agent in the method, under alkaline condition, graphene oxide can be reduced into Graphene by solvent thermal reaction.
Preparation method of the present invention is owing to adopt Fe
3+For raw material need not to adopt saturated oxygen, a small amount of oxygen of unexpected discovery can obtain the zinc-iron oxides particle of 10 nanometers~20 nanometers.
Described Zn salt can be selected the hydrate of zinc fluoride, zinc chloride, zinc nitrate, zinc sulfate, zinc oxalate, zinc acetate or described any one salt.
Described trivalent Fe salt can be selected the fluorochemical of trivalent Fe, the muriate of trivalent Fe, the nitrate of trivalent Fe, the vitriol of trivalent Fe, the oxalate of trivalent Fe, the acetate of trivalent Fe or the hydrate of described any one salt.
Described organic solvent is glycerol, methyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, n-butyl alcohol, DMF, pyridine, quadrol, benzene or toluene.
Described alkaline conditioner is mainly used to regulate pH value to 8~12, and addition is decided on required pH, and concentration is without strict restriction, and effect has two aspects: (1) promotes the hydrolysis of metal ion and the formation of oxide compound; (2) reduction of accelerating oxidation Graphene can be selected the aqueous solution, aqueous sodium hydroxide solution or the potassium hydroxide aqueous solution of ammoniacal liquor, urea.
Step 2) in, further preferably in 220 ℃~250 ℃ reactions cooling after 26 hours~48 hours; Temperature of reaction is high, and the time is long, and zinc-iron oxides easily forms, and graphene oxide easily is reduced into Graphene, but little on the particle size impact.
The temperature of described cooling does not have strict restriction, is operating as the master with suitable, generally can be cooled to 15 ℃~30 ℃ envrionment temperature.
Described zinc-iron oxides/graphene composite material has good magnetic behavior, can be used as magneticsubstance.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
1, the present invention adopts single stage method to prepare laminate structure zinc-iron oxides/graphene composite material at low temperature, has that technique is simple, cost is low, the cycle is short, energy consumption is low and is fit to the advantage such as suitability for industrialized production.
2, owing to dispersion and the carrying effect of Graphene, the zinc-iron oxides granularity is little in the gained matrix material, and diameter is 10 nanometers~20 nanometers, and it is more even to distribute.
3, the zinc-iron oxides particle is arranged in graphene sheet layer, and each graphene sheet layer forms laminate structure, and this structure is conducive to the raising of magnetic performance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is embodiment 1 gained ZnFe
2O
4The X ray diffracting spectrum of/graphene composite material.
Fig. 2 is embodiment 1 gained ZnFe
2O
4The transmission electron microscope photo of/graphene composite material.
Fig. 3 is embodiment 1 gained ZnFe
2O
4The stereoscan photograph of/graphene composite material.
Fig. 4 is embodiment 1 gained ZnFe
2O
4The magnetic hysteresis loop figure of/graphene composite material.
Embodiment
Be the Fe (NO of 2:1 with mol ratio
3)
39H
2O and Zn (NO
3)
26H
2O is dissolved in deionized water, is mixed with 80 milliliters of Fe
3+And Zn
2+Total concn is the solution of 0.015mol/L, adds 36 milligrams of GO again and makes mixing solutions; It is that the KOH aqueous solution with 6mol/L transfers to 10 with the pH value again in 100 milliliters the autoclave (compactedness 80%, volume percent) that mixing solutions is placed capacity, then with the reactor sealing, 220 ℃ of lower reactions 36 hours, naturally cools to room temperature; Collect solid reaction product, through deionized water and the washing of dehydrated alcohol alternate repetition, drying obtains 0.11g ZnFe with product
2O
4/ graphene composite material, wherein, the weight percentage of Graphene is 13%.
The X ray diffracting spectrum of the matrix material of gained, transmission electron microscope photo and stereoscan photograph are respectively such as Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, and wherein the diffraction peak of X ray all can be summed up as ZnFe
2O
4And (002) diffraction peak of Graphene.Can be clear that from transmission electron microscope the matrix material of gained is ZnFe
2O
4/ graphene composite material, wherein ZnFe
2O
4Particle size is nano level, and diameter is 10 nanometers~20 nanometers, and it is more even to distribute.Can find out that from stereoscan photograph matrix material presents laminate structure, i.e. ZnFe
2O
4Nano particle is dispersed in each layer graphene lamella.
With gained ZnFe
2O
4/ G matrix material carries out magnetic performance test (magnetic hysteresis loop test), gained ZnFe as magneticsubstance
2O
4Magnetic hysteresis loop figure such as Fig. 4 of/G matrix material, test shows that the specific magnetising moment of this matrix material is higher, reaches 66.7emu/g during 10K, is 45.5emu/g during 100K.
Embodiment 2
Be the FeCl of 2:1 with mol ratio
36H
2O and ZnSO
47H
2O is dissolved in the ethylene glycol, is mixed with 80 milliliters of Fe
3+And Zn
2+Total concn is the solution of 0.03mol/L, adds 54 milligrams of GO again and makes mixing solutions; It is in 100 milliliters the autoclave (compactedness 80%, volume percent) that mixing solutions is placed capacity, uses the 25wt%(weight percent) ammoniacal liquor transfers to 11 with the pH value, then with the reactor sealing, 220 ℃ of lower reactions 36 hours, naturally cools to room temperature; Collect solid reaction product, through deionized water and the washing of dehydrated alcohol alternate repetition, drying obtains 0.21gZnFe with product
2O
4/ graphene composite material, wherein, the weight percentage of Graphene is 10%.
Be ZnFe from the X ray diffracting spectrum of the matrix material of gained and the matrix material that transmission electron microscope photo can be found out gained
2O
4/ graphene composite material, wherein ZnFe
2O
4Particle size is nano level, and diameter is 10 nanometers~20 nanometers, and it is more even to distribute.Can find out that from stereoscan photograph matrix material presents laminate structure, i.e. ZnFe
2O
4Nano particle is dispersed in each layer graphene lamella.
With gained ZnFe
2O
4/ G matrix material carries out magnetic performance test (magnetic hysteresis loop test) as magneticsubstance, and test shows that the specific magnetising moment of this matrix material is higher, reaches 65.3emu/g during 10K, is 44.3emu/g during 100K.
Embodiment 3
Be the Fe of 1:1 with mol ratio
2(SO
4)
3And ZnC
2O
42H
2O is dissolved in toluene, is mixed with 80 milliliters of Fe
3+And Zn
2+Total concn is the solution of 0.09mol/L, adds 126 milligrams of GO again and makes mixing solutions; It is in 100 milliliters the autoclave (compactedness 80%, volume percent) that mixing solutions is placed capacity, with the NaOH aqueous solution of 6mol/L the pH value is transferred to 9, then with the reactor sealing, 240 ℃ of lower reactions 48 hours, naturally cools to room temperature; Collect solid reaction product, through deionized water and the washing of dehydrated alcohol alternate repetition, drying obtains 0.62g ZnFe with product
2O
4/ graphene composite material, wherein, the weight percentage of Graphene is 8%.
Be ZnFe from the X ray diffracting spectrum of the matrix material of gained and the matrix material that transmission electron microscope photo can be found out gained
2O
4/ graphene composite material, wherein ZnFe
2O
4Particle size is nano level, and diameter is 10 nanometers~20 nanometers, and it is more even to distribute.Can find out that from stereoscan photograph matrix material presents laminate structure, i.e. ZnFe
2O
4Nano particle is dispersed in each layer graphene lamella.
With gained ZnFe
2O
4/ G matrix material carries out magnetic performance test (magnetic hysteresis loop test) as magneticsubstance, and test shows that the specific magnetising moment of this matrix material is higher, reaches 67.8emu/g during 10K, is 50.6emu/g during 100K.
Embodiment 4
Be the Fe (NO of 2:1 with mol ratio
3)
39H
2O and ZnCl
2Be dissolved in quadrol, be mixed with 80 milliliters of Fe
3+And Zn
2+Total concn is the solution of 0.15mol/L, adds 100 milligrams of GO again and makes mixing solutions; It is in 100 milliliters the autoclave (compactedness 80%, volume percent) that mixing solutions is placed capacity, with the aqueous solution of 25wt% urea the pH value is transferred to 8, then with the reactor sealing, 250 ℃ of lower reactions 26 hours, then naturally cools to room temperature; Collect solid reaction product, through deionized water and the washing of dehydrated alcohol alternate repetition, drying obtains 1.0g ZnFe with product
2O
4/ graphene composite material, wherein, the weight percentage of Graphene is 4%.
Be ZnFe from the X ray diffracting spectrum of the matrix material of gained and the matrix material that transmission electron microscope photo can be found out gained
2O
4/ graphene composite material, wherein ZnFe
2O
4Particle size is nano level, and diameter is 10 nanometers~20 nanometers, and it is more even to distribute.Can find out that from stereoscan photograph matrix material presents laminate structure, i.e. ZnFe
2O
4Nano particle is dispersed in each layer graphene lamella.
With gained ZnFe
2O
4/ G matrix material carries out magnetic performance test (magnetic hysteresis loop test) as magneticsubstance, and test shows that the specific magnetising moment of this matrix material is higher, reaches 61.9emu/g during 10K, is 40.8emu/g during 100K.
Comparative Examples 1
Adopt the ZnFe of embodiment 1 preparation among the Chinese patent application CN201210253976.0
2O
4/ G matrix material, wherein, the weight percentage of Graphene is 11%, ZnFe
2O
4The diameter of particle is 100 nanometers~200 nanometers.
With this ZnFe
2O
4/ G matrix material carries out magnetic performance test (magnetic hysteresis loop test) as magneticsubstance, and test shows that the specific magnetising moment of this matrix material is fainter, is 35.1emu/g only during 10K, is 20.3emu/g during 100K.
Comparative Examples 2
Adopt the spinel type magnetic ZnFe of embodiment 1 preparation among the Chinese patent application CN201210213651.X
2O
4/ G matrix material, wherein, ZnFe
2O
4The diameter of particle is 30 nanometers~40 nanometers.
With this ZnFe
2O
4/ G matrix material carries out magnetic performance test (magnetic hysteresis loop test) as magneticsubstance, and test shows, the specific magnetising moment of this matrix material a little less than, be 45.1emu/g during 10K, be 20.7emu/g during 100K.
Claims (10)
1. a zinc-iron oxides/graphene composite material is laminate structure, is comprised of nano level zinc-iron oxides particle and Graphene, and the molecular formula of described zinc-iron oxides is ZnFe
2O
4, it is characterized in that the diameter of described nano level zinc-iron oxides particle is 10 nanometers~20 nanometers.
2. zinc-iron oxides/graphene composite material according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the weight percentage of Graphene is 1%~14% in the described matrix material.
3. zinc-iron oxides/graphene composite material according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the weight percentage of Graphene is 4%~13% in the described matrix material.
4. zinc-iron oxides/graphene composite material according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described nano level zinc-iron oxides particle is scattered in the graphene sheet layer, and each graphene sheet layer forms laminate structure.
5. zinc-iron oxides/graphene composite material according to claim 4 is characterized in that, nano level zinc-iron oxides uniform particles is scattered in the graphene sheet layer in the described matrix material, and each graphene sheet layer forms laminate structure.
6. the preparation method of each described zinc-iron oxides/graphene composite material is characterized in that according to claim 1~5, may further comprise the steps:
1) Zn salt and trivalent Fe salt are pressed Zn
2+With Fe
3+Mol ratio be that 1:2 is dissolved in deionized water or the organic solvent, obtain Zn
2+With Fe
3+Total concn be the solution of 0.015mol/L~0.15mol/L, add again graphene oxide, obtain mixing solutions through ultra-sonic dispersion;
The add-on of described graphene oxide is the assorted oxide compound ZnFe of zinc-iron
2O
45%~50% of theoretical weight;
2) with adding alkaline conditioner in the mixing solutions of step 1) the pH value is transferred to 8~12, then sealing is warming up to 220 ℃~260 ℃, react cooling after 26 hours~72 hours, collect solid product, through deionized water and the washing of dehydrated alcohol alternate repetition, drying obtains zinc-iron oxides/graphene composite material.
7. preparation method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described Zn salt is the hydrate of zinc fluoride, zinc chloride, zinc nitrate, zinc sulfate, zinc oxalate, zinc acetate or described any one salt;
The nitrate of the fluorochemical that described trivalent Fe salt is trivalent Fe, the muriate of trivalent Fe, trivalent Fe, the vitriol of trivalent Fe, the oxalate of trivalent Fe, the acetate of trivalent Fe or the hydrate of described any one salt.
8. preparation method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described organic solvent is glycerol, methyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, n-butyl alcohol, DMF, pyridine, quadrol, benzene or toluene.
9. preparation method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described alkaline conditioner is the aqueous solution, aqueous sodium hydroxide solution or the potassium hydroxide aqueous solution of ammoniacal liquor, urea.
10. according to claim 1,2,3,4 or 5 described zinc-iron oxides/graphene composite materials are as the application in the magneticsubstance.
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