CN103036224B - Low residual voltage lightning protection device for power supply - Google Patents
Low residual voltage lightning protection device for power supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN103036224B CN103036224B CN201210579143.3A CN201210579143A CN103036224B CN 103036224 B CN103036224 B CN 103036224B CN 201210579143 A CN201210579143 A CN 201210579143A CN 103036224 B CN103036224 B CN 103036224B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low residual voltage lightning protection device for a power supply. The low residual voltage lightning protection device for the power supply comprises a primary differential mode protection unit, a secondary differential mode protection unit and a trigger unit, wherein the primary differential mode protection unit is in electrical connection with the secondary differential mode protection unit through the trigger unit, and the primary differential mode protection unit achieves the discharging of surge currents, the triggering of protection when an overvoltage is input and consumption of surge power. The secondary differential mode protection unit carries out discharging to residual surge power currents and consumes residual power. The trigger unit amplifies trigger voltage needed by the primary differential mode protection unit and the secondary differential mode protection unit, and accelerates and achieves the trigger-start of the primary differential mode protection unit and the secondary differential mode protection unit. The low residual voltage lightning protection device for the power supply can be directly combined with the alternating current module, or the direct current module or the power interface of equipment, even the power line of the equipment and the like, and a power input system with the function of lightning protection and surge protection is formed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronics and technical field of electrical equipment, more particularly, relates to a kind of low residual voltage power lightning protection protective device.
Background technology
Anti-lightning strike, Anti-surging is a focus technology direction in current electronic and electrical equipment safety applications field.Particularly for the anti-lightning strike and Anti-surging requirement of the power-supply system of electronic and electrical equipment itself, the relevant world and national standard are established in relevant device field.How to meet these standards, become the important topic of the design in these apparatus field, production, assembling, application.
The main manifestations of thunderbolt and surge is exactly within the extremely short time, and fast-changing high voltage, a big current energy impact appear in transmission conductor, and its instantaneous power can reach hundreds of to thousands of kilowatts, the level of even tens of megawatt.When directly acting on when these energy impacts on the element in electronic and electrical equipment; related elements cannot bear energy impact large like this and go out item damage, thus causes device damage, even occurs chain accident; such as puncture apparatus insulated protection, occur electric leakage personal injury accident etc.
The technique of expression of thunderbolt and surge has again common mode to impact and differential mode impacts two kinds of patterns.So-called differential mode impacts, and refers to the impact produced on transmission conductor loop, and its typical performance is exactly the high voltage, the heavy current impact that input at electric power and produce between live wire and zero line; Common mode impact is then the impact between transmission conductor loop and certain common reference reference point, the high voltage such as produced between fiery zero line and public protecting field, heavy current impact.Differential mode impacts and mainly produces serious threat to equipment input stage, and common mode is impacted then may puncture apparatus insulated protection, causes device interior to leak electricity or body leakage.For this reason, people have studied a lot of thunderbolt and carrying out surge protection scheme endangers to avoid it, and power supply input lightning protection unit the most common is at present the protective unit adopting piezo-resistance and gas discharge tube composition, protects common mode thunderbolt and differential mode thunderbolt.Modal circuit arrangement is shown in Fig. 1.
In scheme shown in Fig. 1, piezo-resistance MOV1, MOV2 and gas discharge tube GDT form common mode protective unit, and piezo-resistance MOV3 then bears differential mode safeguard function.The advantage of the program is that circuit is simple, and be easy to realize, cost is low.
But the program also exists quite significantly shortcoming: MOV3 to be directly parallel between live wire and zero line, can produce leakage current, cause device heating, accelerate its ageing failure, even cause short circuit accident under normal communication input simultaneously; In order to force down the leakage current under its normal input as far as possible, just have to improve its withstand voltage parameter, so, in time being struck by lightning and surge impact arrives, its both end voltage will be lifted to higher degree, that is can stay higher " residual voltage ".In general, this residual voltage of most common approach is at more than 1000V at present, and some even can reach more than 1500V, and the threat for rear class equipment is still very large.
For above-mentioned shortcoming, people also been proposed improvement project as shown in Figure 2: in improvement project shown in Fig. 2, MOV3 branch road string has entered a gas discharge tube GDT2, live wire is gone here and there into an inductance L 1, output is an in parallel Transient Suppression Diode (TVS) or semiconductor discharge tube (TSS) or glass discharge vessel.
It is as follows that it improves principle: when normally working, GDT2 is in open-circuit condition, makes MOV3 and fire/zero line loop disjunction, which solves electric leakage and the problem of aging of piezo-resistance; But due to sealing in of GDT2, more raised the protection starting resistor of MOV3/GDT2 branch road, therefore, rear class adopts the unit such as TVS to control as clamper, further leakage current, avoids rear class device side Lingao residual voltage dangerous; Inductance L 1 is mainly used to the pressure reduction of shock isolation period MOV3 branch road and TVS branch road, with its output current growth rate of limit.
Solution principle shown in Fig. 2 has clear improvement compared with Fig. 1 scheme, but practical application is fewer, mainly due to following reason:
One, GDT2 seals in, and has raised the starting resistor of prime protection, has delayed Startup time when impacting, has caused more energy to pour rear class.This is due in order to ensure that GDT is not breakdown under normal input voltage, its puncture voltage must be selected higher, and gas discharge tube characteristic is that change in voltage is faster, required puncture voltage is higher, transient impact puncture voltage will far away higher than its DC breakdown voltage, for the puncture voltage required by lightning surge surge protection function, generally all can reach more than 1000V, the retardation ratio for protection Startup time is more serious; The operate time of GDT itself is also long in addition, and the comprehensive function of the two makes protected effect be greatly affected;
Its two, TVS current capacity itself is smaller, and power capacity is also less than normal, and when clamp voltage is higher, energy ezpenditure scarce capacity is a very large defect.If adopt TSS to protect as rear class, can realize lower conducting clamp voltage, the defect of energy ezpenditure scarce capacity is eased, but there is the afterflow problem after impacting, and likely cause rear class equipment to lack half interchange cycle, cause other extremely;
They are three years old; in order to adapt to the power capacity restriction of rear class protected location; have to most impact energy is limited in prime consumption or releases; therefore with regard to having to, the inductance value of L1 is accomplished larger; technique and cost have difficulties and does not say; also may cause larger impedance operator change, rear class equipment be had an impact, introduces the problem of other side.
Summary of the invention
In view of this; the invention provides a kind of low residual voltage power lightning protection protective device; with realize can directly with equipment exchange or DC power supplier or power interface or even device power supply (DPS) line etc. are combined, formation possesses power supply input system that is anti-lightning strike, Anti-surging function.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of low residual voltage power lightning protection protective device, comprising: elementary differential mode protected location, secondary differential mode protected location and trigger element; Wherein:
Described elementary differential mode protected location is electrically connected with described secondary differential mode protected location by described trigger element, and described elementary differential mode protected location realizes surge current and releases, inputs overvoltage trigger protection and surge power consumption;
The surge current of described secondary differential mode protected location to remnants is released and consume residual power;
Trigger voltage needed for described trigger element starts described elementary differential mode protected location and described secondary differential mode protected location is amplified, and accelerates and realizes the triggering startup of described input trigger module and output overvoltage trigger module.
Preferably, described device also comprises common mode surge protection unit, and described common mode surge protection unit is electrically connected with described elementary differential mode protected location, provides common mode surge protection.
Preferably, described common mode surge protection unit comprises: the first power dissipation module, the second power dissipation module and common mode trigger module; Wherein:
Both ends of power is connected to after described first power dissipation module and described second power dissipation module series connection;
The mid point connected with described first power dissipation module and described second power dissipation module in described common mode trigger module one end is connected, and the other end is connected to ground.
Preferably, described first power dissipation module and described second power dissipation module are made up of piezo-resistance or Transient Suppression Diode.
Preferably, described common mode trigger module is made up of gas discharge tube, solid discharging tube, glass discharge vessel or atmospherical discharges gap.
Preferably, described elementary differential mode protected location comprises: the 3rd power dissipation module and input trigger module; Wherein:
Power supply input two ends are connected to after described 3rd power dissipation module and the series connection of described input trigger module;
Described input trigger module realizes surge current and releases and input overvoltage trigger protection;
Described 3rd power dissipation module realizes primary surge voltage clamp and surge power consumption.
Preferably, described 3rd power dissipation module is made up of piezo-resistance or Transient Suppression Diode.
Preferably, described input trigger module is made up of gas discharge tube, solid discharging tube, glass discharge vessel or atmospherical discharges gap.
Preferably, described secondary differential mode protected location comprises: the 4th power dissipation module and output overvoltage trigger module; Wherein:
Power supply output two ends are connected to after described 4th power dissipation module and the series connection of described output overvoltage trigger module;
Described output overvoltage trigger module is also electrically connected with described input trigger module;
Described output overvoltage trigger module realizes triggering Subloop Protect in limited time when output voltage exceedes trigger gate or starting Subloop Protect according to the state triggering of described trigger element output signal and input trigger module.
Preferably, described 4th power dissipation module is made up of resistance, piezo-resistance, Transient Suppression Diode or voltage stabilizing didoe.
Preferably, described output overvoltage trigger module is made up of solid discharging tube, gas discharge tube or bidirectional triode thyristor arresting element.
Preferably, described trigger element comprises: isolation Trigger transformers and current limliting module; Wherein:
The former limit of described isolation Trigger transformers is connected with the input of described 3rd power dissipation module and the input of the 4th power dissipation module respectively, secondary limit respectively with input and the current limliting model calling of described 3rd power dissipation module;
Described current limliting module is connected with described input trigger module and described output overvoltage trigger module respectively;
Trigger voltage needed for described isolation Trigger transformers starts described elementary differential mode protected location and secondary differential mode protected location is amplified, accelerate and realize the triggering start-up course of described elementary differential mode protected location and secondary differential mode protected location, and limiting according to the growth rate of inductive effect to output current of described isolation Trigger transformers primary coil;
Described current limliting module, after described input trigger module and described output overvoltage trigger module are triggered, realizes limiting the afterflow of described isolation Trigger transformers secondary coil.
Preferably, described current limliting module is made up of resistance, piezo-resistance, voltage stabilizing didoe, Transient Suppression Diode, solid discharging tube, glass discharge vessel or gas discharge tube.
As can be seen from above-mentioned technical scheme; one disclosed by the invention low residual voltage power lightning protection protective device; be divided into common mode protection and differential mode protect two parts; wherein differential mode guard section is made up of two-stage guard system; when facing differential mode thunderbolt and surge impact; the coordination of two-stage guard system, makes the final surge voltage that exports and impulse current all be weakened severely, and can reliably be limited under level that rear class equipment can bear.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of power lightning protection protective device of the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of another power lightning protection protective device of the prior art;
The structural representation of Fig. 3 a kind of low residual voltage power lightning protection protective device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;
The structural representation of Fig. 4 a kind of low residual voltage power lightning protection protective device disclosed in another embodiment of the present invention;
The structural representation of Fig. 5 a kind of low residual voltage power lightning protection protective device disclosed in another embodiment of the present invention;
The structural representation of Fig. 6 a kind of low residual voltage power lightning protection protective device disclosed in another embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of low residual voltage power lightning protection protective device; with realize can directly with equipment exchange or DC power supplier or power interface or even device power supply (DPS) line etc. are combined, formation possesses power supply input system that is anti-lightning strike, Anti-surging function.
As shown in Figure 3, a kind of low residual voltage power lightning protection protective device, comprising: elementary differential mode protected location 11, secondary differential mode protected location 12 and trigger element 13; Wherein:
Elementary differential mode protected location 11 is electrically connected with secondary differential mode protected location 12 by trigger element 13, and elementary differential mode protected location 11 realizes current drain, input overvoltage trigger protection and power consumption;
The electric current of secondary differential mode protected location 12 to remnants is released and residual power consumption;
The trigger voltage of trigger element 13 to elementary differential mode protected location 11 and secondary differential mode protected location 12 is amplified.
In the above-described embodiments, differential mode guard section is made up of two-stage guard system, when facing differential mode thunderbolt and surge impact, the coordination of two-stage guard system, the final surge voltage that exports and impulse current are all weakened severely, and can be reliably limited under level that rear class equipment can bear.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, another embodiment of the present invention also discloses a kind of low residual voltage power lightning protection protective device, as shown in Figure 4, comprising: common mode surge protection unit 21, elementary differential mode protected location 22, secondary differential mode protected location 23 and trigger element 24; Wherein:
Common mode surge protection unit 21 is electrically connected with elementary differential mode protected location 22, provides common mode surge protection;
Elementary differential mode protected location 22 is electrically connected with secondary differential mode protected location 23 by trigger element 24, and elementary differential mode protected location 22 realizes current drain, input overvoltage trigger protection and power consumption;
The electric current of secondary differential mode protected location 23 to remnants is released and residual power consumption;
The trigger voltage of trigger element 24 to elementary differential mode protected location 22 and secondary differential mode protected location 23 is amplified.
Concrete, the basis of above-described embodiment adds common mode surge protection unit, provides common mode surge protection.
Another embodiment of the present invention also discloses a kind of low residual voltage power lightning protection protective device, and as shown in Figure 5, common mode surge protection unit comprises the first power dissipation module PD1, the second power dissipation module PD2 and common mode trigger module CMT; Wherein:
First power dissipation module PD1 and the second power dissipation module PD2 is connected to power supply (L, N) two ends after connecting;
The mid point connected with the first power dissipation module PD1 and the second power dissipation module PD2 in common mode trigger module CMT one end is connected, and the other end is connected with ground PE;
Concrete, the first power dissipation module PD1 and the second power dissipation module PD2 is piezo-resistance or Transient Suppression Diode, and common mode trigger module CMT is gas discharge tube or solid discharging tube;
Elementary differential mode protected location comprises the 3rd power dissipation mould PD3 block and input trigger module IVT; Wherein:
Power supply (L, N) two ends are connected to after 3rd power dissipation module PD3 and input trigger module IVT series connection;
Input trigger module IVT realizes current drain and input overvoltage trigger protection;
3rd power dissipation module PD3 realizes primary voltage and clamps down on and power consumption;
Concrete, the 3rd power dissipation module PD3 is piezo-resistance or Transient Suppression Diode, and input trigger module IVT is gas discharge tube, solid discharging tube or glass discharge vessel;
Secondary differential mode protected location comprises the 4th power dissipation module PD4 and output overvoltage trigger module OVT; Wherein:
4th power dissipation module PD4 and output overvoltage trigger module OVT is connected to power supply (L, N) two ends after connecting;
Output overvoltage trigger module OVT is also electrically connected with input trigger module IVT;
Output overvoltage trigger module OVT realizes triggering Subloop Protect in limited time when output voltage exceedes trigger gate and triggering according to the state of input trigger module IVT;
Trigger element comprises isolation Trigger transformers T1 and current limliting module CLU; Wherein:
The former limit of isolation Trigger transformers T1 is connected with the input of the 3rd power dissipation module PD3 and the input of the 4th power dissipation module PD4 respectively, and secondary limit is connected with the input of the 3rd power dissipation module PD3 and current limliting module CLU respectively;
Current limliting module CLU is connected with input trigger module IVT and output overvoltage trigger module OVT respectively;
The trigger voltage of isolation Trigger transformers T1 to elementary differential mode protected location 22 and secondary differential mode protected location 23 is amplified, and limits according to the growth rate of inductive effect to output current of isolation Trigger transformers T1 primary coil;
Current limliting module CLU realizes afterflow restriction input trigger module IVT being triggered to rear isolation Trigger transformers T1 secondary coil;
Concrete, current limliting module CLU is resistance, piezo-resistance, Transient Suppression Diode, solid discharging tube, glass discharge vessel or gas discharge tube.
The operation principle of above-described embodiment is:
1, common mode is impacted: as input L, N occur to PE(protect ground wire) high-voltage impact time, as long as surge voltage is higher than the puncture voltage on arbitrary road in (PD1+CMT) or (PD2+CMT) two branch roads, common mode trigger module CMT gets final product triggering and conducting, and enter heavy-current discharge state, now common mode trigger module CMT both end voltage is very low, overwhelming majority surge voltage is carried on the first power dissipation module PD1 and the second power dissipation module PD2 all respectively, and there is heavy-current discharge, consume most of percussion power, and by two input L, N to the voltage clamp of protecting field in its conducting voltage, avoid the impacting with high pressure of input appearance to protecting field of rear class equipment, thus realize protected effect.
2, impact for differential mode, situation is more complex, is that realize its defencive function, detailed process is as follows by elementary protected location, Subloop Protect unit and just/secondary startup trigger element three unit co-operatings:
When there is surge voltage (or impulse current) between input L, N, the primary coil of isolation Trigger transformers T1 shows inductive effect, and compacting electric current increases, and produces pressure drop of inducting thereon; Thereafter two kinds of approach are had to cause just/secondary triggering start unit action:
Approach one: input impact amplitude is enough high, directly produces sufficiently high voltge surge on isolation Trigger transformers T1 primary coil inductance, amplifies metapedes to start input trigger module IVT through transformer secondary;
By way of two: when input impact amplitude is lower, isolation Trigger transformers T1 primary coil induced potential amplitude is also lower, and secondary exports and is not enough to directly start input trigger module IVT.But when isolation Trigger transformers T1 secondary output amplitude reaches the thresholding starting output overvoltage trigger module OVT, or when output (Output) voltage being raised to the trigger value of output overvoltage trigger module OVT along with impact is lasting, output overvoltage trigger module OVT conducting, 4th power dissipation module PD4 bears output voltage, and starts impulse current of releasing.Because output overvoltage trigger module OVT is by turning off conducting, its both end voltage is fallen suddenly, and Output node voltage is dragged down, thus causes isolating Trigger transformers T1 primary coil two ends and occur a larger pressure reduction shock pulse;
The pressure reduction of isolation Trigger transformers T1 primary coil impacts and amplifies at secondary, be applied on input trigger module IVT by current limliting module CLU, the voltage that now input trigger module IVT bears is the triggering component that input (Input) node voltage adds isolation Trigger transformers T1 secondary induced potential, can input terminal voltage be much higher than, be easy to reach the voltage and current thresholding required for input trigger module IVT triggering and conducting;
Input trigger module IVT enters low side pressure heavy-current discharge state after triggering and starting, and now input side pressure and be mainly carried in the 3rd power dissipation module PD3 two ends, therefore the 3rd power dissipation module PD3 starts impulse current of releasing, and by primary voltage clamper;
After input trigger module IVT starts, its output is applied to output overvoltage trigger module OVT trigger end, if output overvoltage trigger module OVT is not activated before this, now also will be activated, output voltage is carried in the 4th power dissipation module PD4 two ends, therefore the 4th power dissipation module PD4 starts impulse current of releasing, and by output voltage clamper;
After input trigger module IVT and output overvoltage trigger module OVT starts, isolation Trigger transformers T1 primary coil pressure reduction is the difference (also can be described as " residual voltage is poor ") of the clamp voltage of the 3rd power dissipation module PD3 and the 4th power dissipation module PD4, this difference is smaller and relatively stable comparatively speaking, now secondary current is saturated under current limliting module CLU effect, the isolation former limit of Trigger transformers T1 embodies inductive effect again, therefore the growth rate of its output current is under the restriction of lower " residual voltage is poor ", is also limited in reduced levels;
For output (Output); after two class protection starts; the electric current growth rate that isolation Trigger transformers T1 exports reduces; 3rd power dissipation module PD3, the 4th power dissipation module PD4 start earial drainage and have shunted again isolation Trigger transformers T1 former limit output current; the two coefficient effect no longer increases the output current of rear class equipment, even declines.
The voltage that final rear class equipment input bears is the clamp voltage of the 4th power dissipation module PD4, and input current no longer increases, and the two coefficient effect is that its impact feed in energy analysis no longer increases, and rear class equipment is effectively protected.
3, protection when target device is abnormal: when targeted loads unit exception; when its power input produces impacting with high pressure output; if impact amplitude reaches the trigger value of output overvoltage trigger module OVT; output overvoltage trigger module OVT conducting; 4th power dissipation module PD4 bears this surge voltage; and start impulse current of releasing, finally clamped down under the clamp voltage of the 4th power dissipation module PD4.Protection can be realized to target device input stage like this, and prevent this impact from being had an impact to nearby device by power line.
General principle of the present invention carries out bypass to the superfluous surge impact energy of feed-in to release and power consumption, and in protection act process, power supply exports the situation not occurring interrupting, and load equipment can maintain normal operating state;
In differential mode protection part; main protection component power dissipation and the 3rd power dissipation module PD3 and the 4th power dissipation module PD4 are kept apart by input trigger module IVT and output overvoltage trigger module OVT respectively between power input line, avoid its leakage current to produce harmful effect.Because the most frequently used element of these two modules is piezo-resistance, and piezo-resistance leakage current is in normal working conditions a serious problems affecting device reliability, this programme efficiently avoid leakage phenomenon during normal work, avoid the piezo-resistance heating aging phenomenon that due to leakage current causes simultaneously, the reliability of whole unit and life-span are increased substantially;
When adopting piezo-resistance as power consumption and voltage clamping module, this programme solves the contradiction exported between residual voltage value and leakage current well.In general, piezo-resistance is withstand voltage, and parameter is lower, exports residual voltage parameter lower, better to the protected effect of rear class equipment.But when withstand voltage parameter is selected lower, the leakage current under normal running conditions again can be larger, thus bring device heating, finally affect reliability and the life-span of product.In this programme, because the 3rd power dissipation module PD3 and the 4th power dissipation module PD4 is isolated in normal operation, its influence of leakage current need not be considered, it is withstand voltage, and parameter just can significantly be relaxed, the leakage current capacity parameter that can require according to design object is completely selected with permission residual voltage parameter, thus realizes the design object of high current capacity, low residual voltage.This improve face macro-energy, high strength surge impact time advantage more obvious.
When adopting gas discharge tube as input trigger element, because the existence of isolation Trigger transformers T1 in this programme, make input terminal voltage can start earial drainage protection in the moment far below gas discharge tube impact flashover voltage.Protection starts more early, and the voltage and current of output is shorter for rise time, and the impact energy that rear class equipment bears is less, and protected effect is better.Because thunderbolt and surge impact are all generally transient processes; therefore traditional gas discharge tube is added to the scheme of piezo-resistance; higher than after the impact flashover voltage of gas discharge tube, just must may there is puncturing of gas discharge tube, realize protected effect in input terminal voltage.For gas discharge tube, impact flashover voltage will far away higher than its DC breakdown voltage, and its DC breakdown voltage parameter is subject to the restriction of normal working voltage parameter, can not arrange very low.This just cause contrast the gas discharge tube puncture voltage thresholding of traditional scheme under lightning surge initial conditions can be higher, input terminal voltage reach protection start before, still have larger Energy Transfer to rear class equipment, have impact on the effect of protection.In this programme, as inputting the gas discharge tube of trigger module IVT under impact condition, what born is input voltage and isolation Trigger transformers T1 secondary side feedback voltage sum, therefore namely can puncture in the moment that input voltage is lower, accelerates the startup of protected location;
For the power input surge test waveform of standard, its voltge surge is 1.2/50us waveform, and rush of current is 8/20us, and its rising and falling time width has certain restriction comparatively speaking.And thunderbolt under actual application environment and surge waveform ever-changing, impacting the parameters such as amplitude, attack time, the rate of rise may exist larger difference with test waveform.Thus; traditional gas discharge tube adds the scheme of piezo-resistance because protection starting resistor thresholding is higher; just may cannot starting protection function at some specific condition; such as inputting impact amplitude a little less than startup thresholding; but the situation that the attack time is long; just likely cannot trigger protection action, cause impact energy feed-in rear class equipment, produce serious threat.This programme then has obvious improvement in this regard; as long as output end voltage reaches triggering thresholding; Subloop Protect unit will first trigger; realize defencive function; then the drop-down pulse produced by Subloop Protect unit starting can feed back to input trigger element; start elementary protected location, to reach better protected effect.And the output trigger thresholds of Subloop Protect unit can set flexibly according to the requirement of rear class equipment, so, can ensure that output end voltage remains at below the Secure Threshold of rear class equipment, thus reach best protected effect.
In this programme, releasing and consuming of differential mode impact energy mainly completes by elementary protected location, the startup of the elementary protected location of Subloop Protect unit primary responsibility and the consumption of releasing of residual amount of energy, therefore, the Selecting parameter of Subloop Protect unit can relax, and is conducive to the cost control of whole scheme;
In this programme, the impact energy of input is mainly by voltage clamping and the power dissipation module initiatively consumption of unit inside, and the output impedance characteristic for impulse source is adaptable.And some traditional schemes of prevention against lightning only considers voltage clamping and current drain, need the output impedance consumed energy relying on impulse source itself or transmission line, this just cannot reach the protected effect of expection in some cases;
In this programme; the existence of two class protection Unit Design and transformer primary side inductance effect; electric current growth rate after two class protection is started is subject to difference and the quantitative limitation of transformer primary side inductance of two-stage bleed-off circuit residual voltage; that is the impact residual voltage exported and aftercurrent can be selected to carry out ACTIVE CONTROL by design parameter, and do not need the impedance operator relying on rear class equipment input.Adaptability for rear class equipment increases substantially.Traditional lightning protection scheme is only focused on exporting residual voltage and is controlled, but the remaining impact energy that identical residual voltage shows for capacitive load or inductive load is diverse.Therefore, traditional lightning protection often must carry out binding design according to load characteristic and just can produce a desired effect, and this programme is just without the need to carrying out similar binding;
In this programme, lightning-protection surge unit likely designs independent of impulse source and load, is made standalone module.As security protection consumable accessory, standalone module can make system more flexible, and maintenance management is more convenient.Such as, when lightning protection unit is together with rear class integrated design time, exceed protective capability once impact, when lightning protection unit damage, just must keep in repair whole equipment; And when lightning protection unit adopts independent lightning-protection module time, during module damage, only need change;
This protection scheme not only can prevent the surge of outside feed-in from producing threat to load equipment; and load equipment abnormal and the input of its power supply produce impact time; this protection scheme can also limit the surge voltage amplitude that load equipment produces; realize the protection to load equipment input stage; and avoid impact to feed back to electrical network, realize the protection to nearby device.
As shown in Figure 6, for being applied to the lightning protection power source input unit of powerful device, concrete: to be formed common mode protected location with metal oxide piezo-resistance MOV1, MOV2 and gas discharge tube GDT1;
Elementary differential mode protected location is formed with metal oxide piezo-resistance MOV3 and gas discharge tube GDT2;
Secondary differential mode protected location is formed with metal oxide piezo-resistance MOV4;
Output overvoltage trigger element is formed with bidirectional triode thyristor;
Metal oxide piezo-resistance MOV5 and resistance RT forms the transformer secondary flow-restriction in technical scheme;
Consider from Product Safety angle, add slow-melting fuse FUSE1 at live wire L input;
Consider from Product Safety angle, protecting field PE receives rear class equipment end.
In common mode protected location: gas discharge tube GDT1 DC break down voltage parameter needs reference device insulating requirements, transient state puncture voltage parameter needs to determine with reference to lightning protection class requirement, and impulse current capacity is determined with reference to lightning protection class parameter;
Piezo-resistance MOV1 and MOV2, parameter that it is withstand voltage must ensure the safety value of the maximum leakage current when normal work input voltage lower than permission, and impulse current capacity is determined with reference to lightning protection class requirement parameter; During Selecting parameter, the radiating condition of this element during practical application must be considered.
In differential mode protected location: isolation Trigger transformers T1 former limit inductance value is in 1uH to 100uH magnitude, must ensure can produce enough former limit pressure reduction under the impulse current rate of change of setting, be unlikely to occur magnetic saturation situation under maximum output impulse current condition, the secondary turn ratio can be determined according to triggering primary gas discharge tube required pulse magnitude of voltage simultaneously;
Gas discharge tube GDT2 DC breakdown voltage must be greater than normal input voltage and retain certain allowance, and transient state puncture voltage is selected as required, and capacity discharge current must be greater than the lightning protection class requirement that design object defines;
Piezo-resistance MOV3 capacity discharge current must be greater than the lightning protection class requirement that design object defines, clamp voltage corresponding to maximum discharge current meets design requirement, and DC break down voltage should ensure that the maximum afterflow normally inputting initiation by power supply after GDT2 conducting is within safe range;
Piezo-resistance MOV4 capacity discharge current must be greater than maximum can withstand shock time, the maximum output current of isolation Trigger transformers T1 primary coil, output voltage residual value during clamp voltage corresponding to maximum discharge current meets design requirement, DC break down voltage should ensure that after controllable silicon SCR 1 conducting, normally input produced maximum afterflow by power supply is within safe range;
Piezo-resistance MOV5 DC break down voltage should ensure after GDT2 conducting, and the maximum afterflow that isolation Trigger transformers T1 secondary coil produces is within safe range;
Puncture voltage parameter and the trigger output voltage thresholding of controllable silicon SCR 1 adapt, and should ensure on-state dI/dt limits value high as far as possible simultaneously, and ensure that its fuse value meets maximum leakage current and pulse duration requirement;
Select through Reasonable Parameters, above-mentioned embodiment can realize under the 220VAC power supply of routine, load running current 30A, 6KW power output; And the protective capacities that the differential mode surge realizing bearing 4KA@8/20us current class impacts, export residual voltage peak value and be less than 900V (tp<2.5us), export residual voltage clamper value and be less than 600V.
In this specification, each embodiment adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed is the difference with other embodiments, between each embodiment identical similar portion mutually see.
To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, professional and technical personnel in the field are realized or uses the present invention.To be apparent for those skilled in the art to the multiple amendment of these embodiments, General Principle as defined herein can without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention can not be restricted to these embodiments shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (10)
1. a low residual voltage power lightning protection protective device, is characterized in that, comprising: elementary differential mode protected location, secondary differential mode protected location and trigger element; Wherein:
Described elementary differential mode protected location is electrically connected with described secondary differential mode protected location by described trigger element, and described elementary differential mode protected location realizes surge current and releases, inputs overvoltage trigger protection and surge power consumption;
The surge current of described secondary differential mode protected location to remnants is released and consume residual power;
Trigger voltage needed for described trigger element starts described elementary differential mode protected location and described secondary differential mode protected location is amplified, and accelerates and realizes the triggering startup of two class protection unit;
Wherein, described elementary differential mode protected location comprises: the 3rd power dissipation module and input trigger module; Wherein:
Power supply input two ends are connected to after described 3rd power dissipation module and the series connection of described input trigger module;
Described input trigger module realizes surge current and releases and input overvoltage trigger protection;
Described input trigger module is connected with trigger element, is outputed signal to trigger to start by trigger element;
Described 3rd power dissipation module realizes primary surge voltage clamp and power consumption;
Wherein, described secondary differential mode protected location comprises: the 4th power dissipation module and output overvoltage trigger module; Wherein:
Power supply output two ends are connected to after described 4th power dissipation module and the series connection of described output overvoltage trigger module;
Described output overvoltage trigger module is also with described trigger element and input trigger module and be electrically connected;
Described output overvoltage trigger module realizes starting Subloop Protect when output voltage exceedes trigger gate triggering in limited time or triggering startup Subloop Protect according to the state of described trigger element output signal or input trigger module;
Wherein, described trigger element comprises: isolation Trigger transformers and current limliting module; Wherein:
The former limit of described isolation Trigger transformers is connected with the input of described 3rd power dissipation module and the input of the 4th power dissipation module respectively, secondary limit respectively with input and the current limliting model calling of described 3rd power dissipation module;
Described current limliting module is connected with described input trigger module and described output overvoltage trigger module respectively;
Trigger voltage required for described isolation Trigger transformers starts described elementary differential mode protected location and secondary differential mode protected location is amplified, accelerate and realize the triggering start-up course of described elementary differential mode protected location and secondary differential mode protected location, and limiting according to the growth rate of inductive effect to output current of described isolation Trigger transformers primary coil;
Described current limliting module, after described input trigger module and described output overvoltage trigger module are triggered, realizes limiting the afterflow of described isolation Trigger transformers secondary coil.
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises common mode surge protection unit, and described common mode surge protection unit is electrically connected with described elementary differential mode protected location, provides common mode surge protection.
3. device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described common mode surge protection unit comprises: the first power dissipation module, the second power dissipation module and common mode trigger module; Wherein:
Both ends of power is connected to after described first power dissipation module and described second power dissipation module series connection;
The mid point connected with described first power dissipation module and described second power dissipation module in described common mode trigger module one end is connected, and the other end is connected with the protecting field of load equipment or system.
4. device according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described first power dissipation module and described second power dissipation module are made up of piezo-resistance or Transient Suppression Diode.
5. device according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described common mode trigger module is made up of gas discharge tube, solid discharging tube, glass discharge vessel or atmospherical discharges gap.
6. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described 3rd power dissipation module is made up of piezo-resistance or Transient Suppression Diode.
7. device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described input trigger module is made up of gas discharge tube, solid discharging tube, glass discharge vessel or atmospherical discharges gap.
8. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described 4th power dissipation module is made up of resistance, piezo-resistance, Transient Suppression Diode or voltage stabilizing didoe.
9. device according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described output overvoltage trigger module is made up of solid discharging tube, gas discharge tube, glass discharge vessel or bidirectional triode thyristor arresting element.
10. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described current limliting module is made up of resistance, piezo-resistance, voltage stabilizing didoe, Transient Suppression Diode, solid discharging tube, glass discharge vessel or gas discharge tube.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210579143.3A CN103036224B (en) | 2012-12-27 | 2012-12-27 | Low residual voltage lightning protection device for power supply |
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| CN201210579143.3A CN103036224B (en) | 2012-12-27 | 2012-12-27 | Low residual voltage lightning protection device for power supply |
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| CN103036224B true CN103036224B (en) | 2015-03-11 |
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| CN105048433A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-11-11 | 山东超越数控电子有限公司 | Surge protection design method for DC-DC power supply |
| CN106159926B (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2019-01-15 | 四川中光防雷科技股份有限公司 | A kind of surge protection circuit and Surge Protector |
| CN206332448U (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-07-14 | 英飞特电子（杭州）股份有限公司 | A kind of lightning protection circuit and apply its lightning protection power source |
| CN108767838A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-11-06 | 上海市共进通信技术有限公司 | Realize that POE port lightning protections hit the circuit structure of defencive function in outdoor terminals class communication equipment |
| CN110971115B (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2023-08-29 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Lightning surge protection circuit, method, system, storage medium and electronic device |
| CN112970163B (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2022-09-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Protection circuit for protecting against transient currents, voltages or electrical energy |
| CN112072627A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-12-11 | 成都天锐星通科技有限公司 | Power supply protection circuit and electronic device |
| CN114221316B (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2024-02-20 | 中控技术股份有限公司 | Signal type surge protector and detection circuit |
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| CN100424958C (en) * | 2004-10-26 | 2008-10-08 | 曾献昌 | A, C, mains overvoltage protector having metalic ceramic gas discharge tube |
| US20080100976A1 (en) * | 2006-07-25 | 2008-05-01 | Kh Controls, Inc. | Limiting energy in wiring faults combined upstream and downstream protection |
| CN201985520U (en) * | 2011-02-01 | 2011-09-21 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Alternating current line lightning protection device |
| CN203056571U (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-07-10 | 徐大鹏 | Low residual voltage lightning protection device for power supply |
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