CN103023388A

CN103023388A - Energy storage battery of magnetic-suspending flywheel

Info

Publication number: CN103023388A
Application number: CN 201210486820
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曾涛
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-11-26
Filing date: 2012-11-26
Publication date: 2013-04-03

Abstract

The invention relates to an energy storage battery of a magnetic-suspending flywheel. The energy storage battery of the magnetic-suspending flywheel is characterized in that a repulsive magnetic suspending bearing between a rotor and a stator of the magnetic-suspending flywheel through an axial permanent magnet and a radial permanent magnet. The flywheel is suspended in a sealed vacuum environment. 12 permanent magnets are arranged in the middle of the flywheel in an array shape and form an integrated generator/motor with 12 coils in the middle of the stator. A flywheel dynamic stable system generates an induced electromotive force so as to generate a lorentz force opposite to an offset direction through the coils in the upper and lower circular discs of the rotor of the flywheel because the rotor is deviated from a normal position, so that the flywheel returns the normal position. An electronic power control system is integrated in the stator. As the coils and the control system generate heat, a heat pipe radiating system discharges heat to ensure normal operation of the system. As the flywheel which rotates at a high speed is of extremely high energy, once the rotor and the stator abrade to quickly generate high temperature, risk can be controlled within the minimum range by quickly and emergently releasing high pressure nitrogen.

Description

A kind of magnetically levitated flywheel energy storage battery

Technical field

In various energy storage technologies, the development speed of chemical energy storage is led over the physics energy storage always, along with the lifting of energy system to the energy storage technology demand, always little with environmental pollution, the high physics energy storage technology that is celebrated of operation stability heats up rapidly, and wherein flywheel energy storage has the characteristics such as quick, that energy density is maximum that charge and discharge.Flywheel energy storage system is comprised of high speed flywheel, bearings system, motor, generator, power inverter, electronic control system and the optional equipments such as vacuum pump, emergency use bearing.During the valley load, flywheel energy storage system provides electric energy by common frequency power network, and the flywheel driven High Rotation Speed with the form storage power of kinetic energy, is finished electric energy to the conversion of mechanical energy; When peak load occurring, the flywheel of High Rotation Speed through output current of power converter and voltage, is finished mechanical energy to the conversion of electric energy as the generating of prime mover dragging motor.Compare with other forms of energy storage technology, flywheel energy storage have long service life, energy storage density high, do not discharged and recharged the number of times restriction, convenient for installation and maintenance, to advantages such as environmental hazard are little.The flywheel energy storage power density is greater than 5kW/kg, energy density surpasses 20Wh/kg, and efficient is more than 90%, and service life cycle reaches 20 years, operation temperature area is 40 ℃～50 ℃, noiseless, pollution-free, safeguard simple, but continuous operation, can realize MW class after the cordwood system type combination, output duration is longer, is mainly used in uninterrupted power supply (UPS), emergency power supply (EPS), peak load regulation network and FREQUENCY CONTROL.

Background technology

Whole world energy storage technology mainly contains chemical energy storage (such as lead-acid battery, nickel-cadmium cell, lithium ion battery etc.), physics energy storage (such as pumped storage, compressed-air energy storage, flywheel energy storage etc.) and Power Flow (such as the superconducting magnetic energy storage etc.) three major types.What at present technological progress was the fastest is chemical energy storage, and wherein the lithium-ion electric pool technology is obtained important breakthrough at aspects such as fail safe, energy conversion efficiency and economy.The most ripe in the physics energy storage also is that the world uses the most generally pumped storage, be mainly used in electric power system peak regulation, to fill out paddy, frequency modulation, phase modulation, emergency episode for subsequent use etc.Its energy conversion efficiency is about 70%-75%.Now, use the widest maximum energy-storage batteries to be undoubtedly chemical cell, it changes electric energy into the chemical energy storage, is converted into electric energy output again, it is cheap, technology maturation, but seriously polluted, inefficiency, charging interval is long, and the electricity consumption time is short, and electric energy is wayward in the use procedure.

Summary of the invention

For the problems referred to above, the present invention relates to a kind of magnetically levitated flywheel energy storage battery device, solve technical scheme and the beneficial effect that its technical problem adopts and be:

1, " magnetic suspension bearing " subsystem: pass through axially (oppositely pole combination) between flywheel rotor and the stator, radially (in the same way pole combination) permanent magnet forms the repulsion magnetic suspension bearing, flywheel rotor is suspended in the vacuum environment of sealing, the function of vacuum chamber provides vacuum environment, reduce windage loss, raise the efficiency, the rotating speed of flywheel rotor very Gao Keda 200000r/min just has high energy storage density, flywheel rotor in the running of air ambient high speed can cause high windage loss, therefore flywheel rotor must be worked in a vacuum, vacuum degree reaches the 0.00001Pa order of magnitude, rotor contacts without physics with stator, machinery-free friction and windage are to guarantee that flywheel rotor tells the necessary condition of rotation, and the higher fly wheel system energy storage of limit speed is higher; In recent years because the appearance of high-strength carbon fiber so that flywheel rotor allows linear velocity can reach 800m/s～1000m/s, has increased the kinetic energy deposit of unit flywheel;

2, " electric generator/electric motor is integrated " subsystem: be furnished with 12 or 24 or 36 (6 integral multiples) permanent magnets at the flywheel middle part, consist of " electric generator/electric motor is integrated " with 12 or 24 or 36 coils at stator middle part, the Technics of Power Electronic Conversion device is from the rotation of outside input electric energy drive motor, the rotation of motor drives flywheel, flywheel store kinetic energy (mechanical energy), when external loading needs energy, drive the generator rotation with flywheel, be electric energy with kinetic transformation, become the needed various frequencies of load by the Technics of Power Electronic Conversion device again, the electric energy of electric pressure is to meet the different needs.Because input, output are independent of each other, design and often motor and generator are realized with a motor, IOC input output converter also is merged into one, so just can greatly reduce size and the weight of system;

3, " flywheel dynamic stability " subsystem: dynamic stability be by flywheel rotor up and down the coil in two disks because rotor departs from the normal position, then produce the Lorentz force opposite with the offset direction and produce induced electromotive force, so that flywheel returns the normal position: at stator one group of permanent magnet combination is arranged respectively up and down, in each combination four permanent magnet circle rings are arranged, inside and outside symmetrical placement up and down, up and down permanent magnet pole in the same way, inside and outside permanent magnet pole is reverse, forms so fixedly magnetic line of force distribution; At flywheel rotor a disk is arranged respectively up and down, disk is embedded in stator up and down in the middle of the permanent magnet, both sides are contactless, channel position at the disk magnetic line of force has three groups of coils, when flywheel running attitude is normal, magnetic flux is stable in the coil, coil does not produce electromotive force, when flywheel running attitude changes, coil changes owing to cutting magnetic line magnetic flux, because induced electromotive force and faradic existence in the coil, the Lorentz force of generation and rotor displacement opposite direction is so that flywheel rotor returns to stable state thereupon;

4, " electron electric power control " subsystem is integrated in stator interior, electric power converter is the control element of flywheel energy storage system, and it is the mutual conversion of control motor, realization electric energy and mechanical energy, and electric power converter is when the input electric energy, can convert alternating current to direct current, be used for drive motor; When the output electric energy, then direct current is become alternating current, and have the functions such as frequency modulation, current stabilization, constant voltage, the two-way inverter that converters normally is comprised of MOSFET and IGBT, they have determined the size of flywheel gear energy input and output amounts; Because the coil of " electric generator/electric motor " and electron electric power control system can produce heat when work, therefore in stator, be furnished with " heat pipe heat radiation equipment " heat is discharged, to ensure the fly wheel system normal operation, improve useful life;

5, " protection of flywheel emergency safety " subsystem: because the needed High Rotation Speed of flywheel storage power brings the effect of great centrifugal force that the system safety performance has been proposed very high requirement, except above-mentioned the 3rd " dynamic stability subsystem ", " promptly protect subsystem " and comprise two aspects: the one, high-pressure nitrogen bottle, because the flywheel of High Rotation Speed has high energy, to produce rapidly high temperature in case the friction of rotor and stator occurs, therefore the emergent high pressure nitrogen that discharges can be controlled at minimum zone with danger fast; The 2nd, double-deck solid-state static guard shield, the double casing of flywheel requires to select the composite material that density is little, intensity is high, near flywheel be the dynamic inner casing that bearing connects, be used for slowing down shielding flywheel centrifugal force and destroy the carbon fiber willow catkins flying in the air that cause or the sliver of other material; Outermost shell be the flywheel storage battery safety guarantee with connection is installed.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing is longitudinal section of the present invention schematic diagram:

A be six same sizes, shape and magnetic poles in the same way, be fixed on the permanent magnet on the flywheel rotor,

B be four same sizes, shape and with the A magnetic pole oppositely, be fixed on the permanent magnet on the stator,

C be six same sizes, shape and with the A magnetic pole in the same way, be fixed on the permanent magnet on the stator,

D be four same sizes, shape and with the C magnetic pole oppositely, be fixed on the permanent magnet on the stator,

E is for the steel alloy annulus that rotor permanent magnet and high-strength carbon fiber outer rim are installed,

F is the high-strength carbon fiber layer of flywheel outer rim, and G is up and down two landing bearings of stationary part,

H is the epitrochanterian magnetic pole of integrated electric motor, and I is the coil on the integrated electric motor stator,

J is the passage that flywheel storage battery stator axis is used for arranging switch, cable, heat pipe,

K is heat pipe radiating system, and L is flywheel rotor/integrated electric motor transducer,

M is the electron electric power control system, and N is the high-pressure nitrogen bottle of urgent guard system,

P is the dynamic protection inner casing of fiber material, and Q is the static guard shield of fiber material,

R and U are the coils on the dynamic stabilization system rotor discs,

S flywheel battery system data display screen, T are flywheel storage battery fixed installation equipment.

Embodiment

Show by accompanying drawing:

1, A permanent magnet and B permanent magnet are that magnetic pole is reverse, consist of axial repulsion bearing, simultaneously A permanent magnet and C permanent magnet be interior outer magnetic pole in the same way, consist of radially repulsion bearing, flywheel rotor so stable suspersion are outside stator;

2, H is the magnetic pole that is fixed on the flywheel rotor, has the higher magnetic line of force of density to distribute at the rotor inner edge, and I is the coil that is fixed on the stator, generator and the motor of H and being integrally formed of I;

3, up and down two groups of C permanent magnets and D permanent magnet pole are reverse at stator, the magnetic line of force circulation canal of complete, be embedded in the middle of the two groups of C, D permanent magnet is coil on R, the U rotor discs, when the flywheel rotor correct position, magnetic flux in the coil is unchanged, and coil does not produce induced electromotive force and induced current; When skew occurs in rotor-position, magnetic flux in coil cutting magnetic line, the coil changes, coil produces induced electromotive force and induced current, because the effect in magnetic field produces the Lorentz force opposite with the offset direction then, so that rotor revert to correct position;

4, M is the electron electric power control appliance that is integrated in internal system, and K is heat-pipe radiating apparatus, and the heat that produces when control appliance M and coil I work will excrete heat by the K heat-pipe radiating apparatus;

5, N stores high-pressure nitrogen bottle, in case rotor and stator rub, high-pressure nitrogen bottle will discharge nitrogen in the trend vacuum chamber, also slow down the rotary speed of rotor in the cooling down high-temperature parts; P is the dynamic protection internal layer of high tensile strength fibrous material, has bearing to be connected with shell, is used for absorbing the kinetic energy that destroys the high speed fragment that causes because of rotor centrifugal force; Q is the outer protecting crust of high tensile strength fibrous material, and for the protection of the impact that comes from the system outside and destruction, N, P, Q have formed the urgent guard system of flywheel storage battery jointly, the protection system Effective Raise of multi-functional the fail safe of fly wheel system.

Claims

1. magnetically levitated flywheel energy storage battery, " magnetic suspension " is characterized in that: the permanent magnet by the axial combination (magnetic pole is reverse) on flywheel rotor and the stator, Radial Combinations (magnetic pole in the same way) so that flywheel be suspended in the vacuum environment of sealing, flywheel rotor and stator are contactless, guarantee the rotation of flywheel ultrahigh speed.

2. the flywheel storage battery of telling according to claim 1, " electric generator/electric motor is integrated " is characterized in that: integrated one group the permanent magnet rotor at flywheel rotor middle part, in the position that stator is corresponding induction coil has been installed, coil on epitrochanterian magnetic pole and the stator has consisted of " integrated electric generator/electric motor ", being " motor " when to the flywheel energy storage charge in batteries, is " generator " when the outside output power of flywheel energy storage storage battery.

3. the flywheel storage battery of telling according to claim 1, " flywheel dynamic stabilization system " is characterized in that: at stator one group of permanent magnet combination is arranged respectively up and down, in each combination four permanent magnet circle rings are arranged, inside and outside symmetrical placement up and down, forming fixedly, the magnetic line of force distributes, at flywheel rotor a disk is arranged respectively up and down, disk is embedded in the middle of the stator combination permanent magnet, both sides are contactless, channel position at the disk magnetic line of force has three groups of coils, when flywheel running attitude was normal, magnetic flux was stable in the coil, and coil does not produce electromotive force, when flywheel running attitude changes, coil is because cutting magnetic line magnetic flux changes, because the existence of induced electromotive force in the coil, the Lorentz force that thereupon produces is so that flywheel rotor returns to stable state.

4. the flywheel storage battery of telling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: integrated electron electric power control system and heat pipe radiating system in the flywheel centre position, and the stator axis is hollow shaft, has wherein arranged the electron electric power control system of flywheel storage battery; Because motor coil and control system for accumulators can produce heat, therefore arrange that heat pipe radiating system will improve environment for use, improve system useful life.

5. the flywheel storage battery of telling according to claim 1, " high pressure nitrogen flywheel emergency cooling system " is characterized in that: because the flywheel of High Rotation Speed has very large energy, in case the friction of rotor and stator occurs, to produce rapidly the high temperature cause danger, therefore cool off rapidly by discharging high pressure nitrogen, danger can be controlled in the minimum zone.