CN103022619A - Microwave phase inverter based one-to-three power divider and power dividing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a microwave phase inverter based one-to-three power divider. The one-to-three power divider comprises a transmission coil formed by end-to-end connection of six 90-degree transmission lines with characteristic impedance of Z2, three 90-degree transmission lines with characteristic impedance of Z1 are arranged in the transmission coil, one ends of the three transmission lines are converged to a circle center of the transmission coil, an input end P1 is arranged at the position of the circle center, the other ends of the three transmission lines are respectively intersected with the transmission coil and trisect the same, output ends P2, P3 and P4 are arranged at the other ends of the three transmission lines respectively, a phase inverter is arranged on the circumferential center included by each two adjacent 90-degree transmission lines with the characteristic impedance of Z1, and two ends of each phase inverter are connected with isolation resistors R. The invention further discloses a power dividing method of the power divider. The method includes: inputting power from the input port P1, obtaining matching conditions of the P1 end by the aid of an even-even mode equivalent circuit, then obtaining voltage of the P1 end, and obtaining the characteristic impedance Z2 and the resistors R according to an odd-even circuit so that power dividing is completed. The microwave phase inverter based one-to-three power divider is small in size, good in amplitude and phase consistency and high in isolation degree.

Description

One minute three power divider and power distribution method thereof based on the microwave phase inverter

Technical field

The invention belongs to the power distribution apparatus technical field, relate to a kind of power divider, be specifically related to a kind of one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter, the invention still further relates to the power distribution method of above-mentioned one minute three power dividers.

Background technology

Power divider can be widely used in microwave, communication and the radio system.The number of classical power divider circuits signal output port mostly is greatly even number.Nineteen sixty, Ernest J.Wilkinson has proposed the power divider circuits structure of classical constant amplitude homophase output, and this circuit structure is widely used in the design of various microwave circuits; Up to now, many new power divider circuits structures that any merit proportion by subtraction can be provided have been proposed again.But these electric power distributor circuit structures are only applicable to the situation that the signal output port number is even number, are difficult to be applicable to the situation that the signal output port number is odd number.

Three power divider circuits were dissymmetrical structure in existing one minute, and such structure exists three output port amplitude-phase consistencies to be difficult to guarantee, isolation is also not high enough, the defective that bandwidth is difficult for widening.The way that existing one minute three power divider generally adopt the two-stage merit to divide, the first order adopts not five equilibrium one-to-two, the second level will be wherein one tunnel one-to-two again, the symmetry of whole circuit is poor.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter, have compact size, simple in structure, amplitude-phase consistency reaches well the high characteristics of isolation.

The first technical scheme of the present invention is that based on one minute three power divider of microwave phase inverter, the characteristic impedance that includes six equal in length is Z ₂90 ° of transmission lines, every characteristic impedance is Z ₂90 ° of transmission lines join end to end successively and consist of circular transmission coil, the characteristic impedance that includes three equal in length in the circular transmission coil is Z ₁90 ° of transmission lines, three characteristic impedances are Z ₁An end of 90 ° of transmission lines be intersected in the center of circle of circular transmission coil, the circle centre position of circular transmission coil is provided with input port P ₁, three characteristic impedances are Z ₁The other end of 90 ° of transmission lines intersect with circular transmission coil respectively, three intersection points are with circular transmission coil trisection, three characteristic impedances are Z ₁The other end of 90 ° of transmission lines be respectively arranged with output port P ₂, output port P ₃, output port P ₄, per two adjacent characteristic impedances are Z ₁The folded circular transmission coil central authorities of 90 ° of transmission lines be provided with the microwave phase inverter, the two ends of each microwave phase inverter are connected with respectively an isolation resistance R.

The characteristics of the first technical scheme of the present invention also are,

The microwave phase inverter is two-sided parallel strips phase inverter or little a kind of with in the phase inverter.

Two-sided parallel band line style phase inverter is two-sided parallel strips and metallization via structure.

The micro strip line type phase inverter adopts ground plate opened round vallecular cavity, the interdigital metallization via hole of microstrip line ground structure.

Characteristic impedance is Z ₁The length of 90 ° of transmission lines be Z greater than radius and the characteristic impedance of circular transmission coil ₁The length of 90 ° of transmission lines be 1/4th λ wavelength.

The second technical scheme of the present invention is, based on the power distribution method of one minute three power divider of microwave phase inverter, specifically implements according to following steps:

Step 1, with power by input port P ₁Input adopts even mould equivalent electric circuit to obtain to satisfy input port P ₁Matching condition;

Step 2, according to output port P ₂, output port P ₃, output port P ₄Excitation value, three output ports isolation condition and step 1 in the matching condition obtained, obtain input port P ₁Voltage, be the odd even equivalent electric circuit with the circuit structure equivalence, i.e. acquired character impedance is Z ₂The characteristic impedance Z of 90 ° of transmission lines ₂Value with isolation resistance R;

Step 3, through step 2, with fan-in mouth P ₁Power averaging be dispensed to three outputs, namely mean allocation is to output port P ₂, output port P ₃, output port P ₄

The characteristics of the second technical scheme of the present invention also are,

Step 1 is specifically implemented in accordance with the following methods:

With power by input port P ₁Input is by input port P ₁With three characteristic impedances be Z ₁90 ° of transmission lines respectively with power delivery to output port P ₂, output port P ₃, output port P ₄, the isolation resistance R short circuit that microwave phase inverter two ends connect, whole circuit equivalent is even mould equivalent electric circuit, at the center frequency point place, characteristic impedance is Z ₁90 ° of transmission lines be short-circuit line, the impedance of input is infinitely great, namely obtains to satisfy input port P ₁Matching condition be:

$Z_1=\sqrt{3}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_0.$

Step 2 is specifically implemented according to following steps:

Step 2.1, output port P ₂, output port P ₃, output port P ₄Excitation value be respectively 2E _s,-2E _s, 0, according to the matching condition of obtaining in three output ports isolation conditions and the step 1, obtain input port P according to following algorithm ₁Voltage:

V _1o＝S ₂₁E _s+S ₃₁(-E _s)+S ₄₁*0＝0；

Step 2.2, the input port P that obtains through step 2.1 ₁Magnitude of voltage be 0, be the odd even equivalent electric circuit with the circuit equivalent of power divider of the present invention, the characteristic impedance that obtains respectively transmission line is Z ₂With the value of isolation resistance R, specifically implement according to following algorithm:

E _s＝A·(-E _s)+B·I _3o （1）

I _2o＝C·(-E _s)+D·I _3o （2）

I _2o＝E _s/Z ₀ （3）

I _3o＝E _s/Z ₀ （4）

The cascade circuit transfer matrix is

$\left[A_2\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}0& {\mathrm{jZ}}_2\\ j/{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800041.png,HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2& 0\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 0\\ 1/R& 1\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}-1& 0\\ 0& -1\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 0\\ 1/\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="R"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800021.png,HDA00002725447800041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">R</figure-callout>}& 1\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}0& {\mathrm{jZ}}_2\\ j/{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800041.png,HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2& 0\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& {2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800041.png,HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2^2/\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="R"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">R</figure-callout>}\\ 0& 1\end{array}\right]$

$\left[A_1\right]=\left[A_3\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 0\\ R/\left(2{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800041.png,HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2^2\right)& 1\end{array}\right]$

$\left[A\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}A& B\\ C& D\end{array}\right]=\left[A_1\right]\left[A_2\right]\left[A_3\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 0\\ R/\left({2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800041.png,HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2^2\right)& 1\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& {2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800041.png,HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2^2/\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="R"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">R</figure-callout>}\\ 0& 1\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 0\\ R/\left({2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800041.png,HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2^2\right)& 1\end{array}\right]$ (5)

$=\left[\begin{array}{cc}2& {2Z}_2^2/R\\ 3R/\left({2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800041.png,HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2^2\right)& 2\end{array}\right]$

With (5) (3) substitutions (1):

Namely obtain ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800041.png,HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2=\sqrt{1.5Z_{0}R}$ Or $R=\frac{{2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800041.png,HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2^2}{{3\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_0}.$

Beneficial effect of the present invention is,

(1) small and exquisite, simple in structure, the engineering of one minute three power divider volume based on the microwave phase inverter of the present invention easily realizes;

(2) one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter of the present invention adopt and are symmetrical arranged, and have guaranteed the amplitude-phase consistency of three output ports;

(3) one minute three power divider isolation based on the microwave phase inverter of the present invention are high;

(4) one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter of the present invention have wide range of applications applicable to some large-power occasions such as various microwave circuits, antenna array feed systems.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure chart of one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the even mould equivalent circuit diagram of idol of one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram after the even mould equivalent circuit diagram of the idol of one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter of the present invention is simplified;

Fig. 4 is the parity mode equivalent circuit diagram of one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram after the parity mode equivalent circuit diagram of one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter of the present invention is simplified;

Fig. 6 is the structure chart based on the two-sided parallel band line style phase inverter in one minute three power divider of microwave phase inverter of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the circuit structure of the two-sided parallel band line style power divider of one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter of the present invention;

Fig. 8 be of the present invention based in one minute three power divider of microwave phase inverter based on the return loss simulation result figure of two-sided parallel band line style phase inverter power divider;

Fig. 9 be of the present invention based in one minute three power divider of microwave phase inverter based on the insertion loss simulation result figure of two-sided parallel band line style phase inverter power divider;

Figure 10 be of the present invention based in one minute three power divider of microwave phase inverter based on the isolation simulation result figure of two-sided parallel band line style phase inverter power divider;

Figure 11 is the circuit planar structure of the micro strip line type allotter circuit of one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter of the present invention;

Figure 12 is the little structure chart with phase inverter in the circuit planar structure of micro strip line type allotter circuit of one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter of the present invention;

Figure 13 is the return loss simulation result figure of the micro strip line type allotter circuit of one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter of the present invention;

Figure 14 is the insertion loss simulation result figure of the micro strip line type allotter circuit of one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter of the present invention;

Figure 15 is the isolation simulation result figure of the micro strip line type allotter circuit of one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter of the present invention;

Figure 16 is the return loss analogous diagram of the schematic circuit of one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter of the present invention;

Figure 17 is the insertion loss analogous diagram of the schematic circuit of one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter of the present invention;

Figure 18 is the isolation analogous diagram of the schematic circuit of one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter of the present invention.

Among the figure, 1. characteristic impedance is Z ₁90 ° of transmission lines, 2. characteristic impedance is Z ₂90 ° of transmission lines, 3. microwave phase inverter, 4. isolation resistance R, 5. conductor pin, the 6. line of rabbet joint.

Embodiment

The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

One minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter of the present invention, its structure as shown in Figure 1, the characteristic impedance that includes six equal in length is Z ₂90 ° of transmission lines 2, every characteristic impedance is Z ₂90 ° of transmission lines 2 join end to end successively and consist of circular transmission coil, the characteristic impedance that includes three equal in length in the circular transmission coil is Z ₁1, three characteristic impedance of 90 ° of transmission lines be Z ₁An end of 90 ° of transmission lines 1 be intersected in the center of circle of circular transmission coil, the circle centre position of circular transmission coil is provided with input port P ₁, three characteristic impedances are Z ₁The other end of 90 ° of transmission lines 1 intersect with circular transmission coil respectively, three intersection points are with circular transmission coil trisection, three characteristic impedances are Z ₁The other end of 90 ° of transmission lines 1 be respectively arranged with output port P ₂, output port P ₃, output port P ₄, per two adjacent characteristic impedances are Z ₁The folded circular transmission coil central authorities of 90 ° of transmission lines 1 be provided with microwave phase inverter 3, the two ends of each microwave phase inverter 3 are connected with respectively an isolation resistance R4.

Microwave phase inverter 3 is two-sided parallel strips phase inverter or little a kind of with in the phase inverter.

Two-sided parallel band line style phase inverter is two-sided parallel strips and metallization via structure.

The micro strip line type phase inverter adopts ground plate opened round vallecular cavity, the interdigital metallization via hole of microstrip line ground structure.

Characteristic impedance is Z ₁The length of 90 ° of transmission lines 1 be Z greater than radius and the characteristic impedance of circular transmission coil ₁The length of 90 ° of transmission lines 1 be 1/4th λ wavelength.

The power distribution method of one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter of the present invention, specifically implement according to following steps:

Step 1, with power by input port P ₁Input adopts even mould equivalent electric circuit to obtain to satisfy input port P ₁Matching condition:

With power by input port P ₁Input is by input port P ₁With three characteristic impedances be Z ₁90 ° of transmission lines 1 respectively with power delivery to output port P ₂, output port P ₃, output port P ₄, 180 ° of isolation resistance R4 short circuits that microwave phase inverter 3 two ends connect, whole circuit equivalent is even mould equivalent electric circuit, at the center frequency point place, characteristic impedance is Z ₁90 ° of transmission lines 1 be short-circuit line, the impedance of input is infinitely great, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, can obtain to satisfy input port P ₁Matching condition be:

Step 2, according to output port P ₂, output port P ₃, output port P ₄Excitation value, three output ports isolation condition and step 1 in the matching condition obtained, obtain input port P ₁Voltage, be the odd even equivalent electric circuit with the circuit structure equivalence, i.e. acquired character impedance is Z ₂The characteristic impedance Z of 90 ° of transmission lines 2 ₂Value with isolation resistance R4:

Step 2.1, output port P ₂, output port P ₃, output port P ₄Excitation value be respectively 2E _s,-2E _s, 0, according to the matching condition of obtaining in three output ports isolation conditions and the step 1, obtain input port P according to following algorithm again ₁Voltage:

V _1o＝S ₂₁E _s+S ₃₁(-E _s)+S ₄₁*0＝0；

Step 2.2, the input port P that obtains through step 2.1 ₁Magnitude of voltage be 0, be the odd even equivalent electric circuit with the circuit equivalent of power divider of the present invention, the characteristic impedance that obtains respectively transmission line 2 is Z ₂With the value of isolation resistance R4, such as Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 5, specifically implement according to following algorithm:

E _s＝A·(-E _s)+B·I _3o （1）

I _2o＝C·(-E _s)+D·I _3o （2）

I _2o＝E _s/Z ₀ （3）

I _3o＝E _s/Z ₀ （4）

The cascade circuit transfer matrix is

$\left[A_2\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}0& {\mathrm{jZ}}_2\\ j/{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800041.png,HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2& 0\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 0\\ 1/R& 1\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}-1& 0\\ 0& -1\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 0\\ 1/\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="R"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800021.png,HDA00002725447800041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">R</figure-callout>}& 1\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}0& {\mathrm{jZ}}_2\\ {j/\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800041.png,HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2& 0\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& {2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800041.png,HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2^2/\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="R"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">R</figure-callout>}\\ 0& 1\end{array}\right]$

$\left[A_1\right]=\left[A_3\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 0\\ R/\left({2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800041.png,HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2^2\right)& 1\end{array}\right]$

$\left[A\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}A& B\\ C& D\end{array}\right]=\left[A_1\right]\left[A_2\right]\left[A_3\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 0\\ R/\left({2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800041.png,HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2^2\right)& 1\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& {2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800041.png,HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2^2/\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="R"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">R</figure-callout>}\\ 0& 1\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 0\\ R/\left({2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800041.png,HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2^2\right)& 1\end{array}\right]$ (5)

$=\left[\begin{array}{cc}2& {2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800041.png,HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2^2/R\\ 3R/\left({2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800041.png,HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2^2\right)& 2\end{array}\right]$

With (5) (3) substitutions (1):

Namely obtain ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800041.png,HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2=\sqrt{1.5Z_{0}R}$ Or $R=\frac{{2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800041.png,HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2^2}{{3\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_0};$

Step 3, through step 2, with fan-in mouth P ₁Power averaging be dispensed to three outputs, namely mean allocation is to output port P ₂, output port P ₃, output port P ₄

One minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter of the present invention include the microwave phase inverter and transmission line forms.Wherein its structure such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 when the microwave phase inverter is selected two-sided parallel band line style phase inverter adopt interdigital two-sided parallel strips and metallization via structure.Wherein the girth of circular transmission coil has determined the radius of circular transmission coil in the power divider circuits, and characteristic impedance is Z ₁90 ° of transmission lines, 1 length be 1/4th λ wavelength, slightly long than the radius that girth determines, adopt the stepped impedance line that radially two-sided parallel strips is carried out miniaturization, choosing dielectric-slab is relative dielectric constant ε _r=2.2, dielectric thickness h=0.8mm is as centre frequency point f ₀=4GHz, input port P ₁Characteristic impedance Z ₀=50 Ω, radial transmission line characteristic impedance

The ring property impedance Z ₂During=100 Ω, the circuit size parameter is as shown in table 1.

One minute third-class power divider circuits dimensional parameters of the two-sided parallel band line style of table 1

Parameter	W 0	W 1	W 2	r 0	W s	l s
							Unit (mm)	3.05	1.55	1.25	12.9	0.2	2

Such as Fig. 8 ~ shown in Figure 10, the result shows, in the scope of relative bandwidth 76%, each reflection coefficient of port loss is greater than 11.4dB based on one minute third-class power divider of two-sided parallel strips phase inverter, and insertion loss is less than 0.5dB, and isolation is greater than 27dB.

One minute three power divider that adopts the micro strip line type phase inverter to consist of, as shown in figure 11, micro strip line type phase inverter wherein adopts ground plate opened round vallecular cavity, the interdigital metallization via hole of microstrip line ground structure, as shown in figure 12, the girth of circular transmission coil has determined the radius of circular transmission coil, and characteristic impedance is Z ₁The transmission line length be 1/4th λ wavelength, slightly long than the radius that girth determines, adopt the stepped impedance line that microstrip line is radially carried out miniaturization.

Among Figure 12, choosing dielectric-slab is relative dielectric constant ε _r=2.2, dielectric thickness h=0.8mm is as centre frequency f ₀=4GHz, port identity impedance Z ₀=50 Ω, radial transmission line characteristic impedance

Loop wire characteristic impedance Z ₂During=100 Ω, the circuit size parameter is as shown in table 2.

One minute third-class power divider circuits dimensional parameters of table 2 micro strip line type

Parameter	W 0	W 1	W 2	W 3	W s	r 0	r s	l 0	l sm	l ss
											Unit (mm)	3.05	1.55	1.25	1.55	0.2	12.9	5.0	2.0	2.4	2.0

Such as Figure 13 ~ shown in Figure 15, the result shows, in the scope of relative bandwidth 63%, each reflection coefficient of port loss is greater than 11.0dB based on little one minute third-class power divider with phase inverter, and insertion loss is less than 0.5dB, and isolation is greater than 20dB.

Simulating, verifying

With the Microwave Office of AWR company one minute three power divider are as shown in Figure 1 carried out emulation, map parameter is set to: centre frequency f ₀=10GHz, input port P ₁Characteristic impedance Z ₀=50 Ω, the radial transmission line characteristic impedance

The ring property impedance Z ₂=100 Ω, isolation resistance $R={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800041.png,HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2^2/{1.5\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA00002725447800042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_0=133.3\mathrm{\&Omega;}.$

Such as Figure 16 ~ shown in Figure 180, simulation result can find out, in the scope of relative bandwidth 70%, each reflection coefficient of port loss is greater than 11.4dB based on one minute third-class power divider of microwave phase inverter, and insertion loss is less than 0.3dB, and isolation is greater than 28dB.

Circuit structure and the Theoretical Design formula of one minute third-class power divider based on the microwave phase inverter of the present invention, in desirable microwave phase inverter situation, third-class power divider was in the scope of relative bandwidth 70% in one minute, each reflection coefficient of port loss is greater than 11.4dB, insertion loss is less than 0.3dB, and isolation is greater than 28dB.According to one minute third-class power divider based on two-sided parallel strips phase inverter of Theoretical Design, in the scope of relative bandwidth 76%, each reflection coefficient of port loss is greater than 11.4dB, and insertion loss is less than 0.5dB, and isolation is greater than 27dB.According to Theoretical Design based on little one minute third-class power divider with phase inverter in the scope of relative bandwidth 63%, each reflection coefficient of port loss is greater than 11.0dB, insertion loss is less than 0.5dB, isolation is greater than 20dB.The one minute third-class power divider that proposes have be with wide, size is little, simple in structure, engineering easily realizes, amplitude-phase consistency is good, the isolation advantages of higher.This paper proposes structure, design theory, design result and can be widely used in various broadband microwave circuits and the antenna array feed system.

Claims (8)

1. based on one minute three power divider of microwave phase inverter, it is characterized in that, the characteristic impedance that includes six equal in length is Z ₂90 ° of transmission lines (2), every described characteristic impedance is Z ₂90 ° of transmission lines (2) join end to end successively and consist of circular transmission coil, the characteristic impedance that includes three equal in length in the described circular transmission coil is Z ₁90 ° of transmission lines (1), described three characteristic impedances are Z ₁An end of 90 ° of transmission lines (1) be intersected in the center of circle of circular transmission coil, the circle centre position of described circular transmission coil is provided with input port P ₁, described three characteristic impedances are Z ₁The other end of 90 ° of transmission lines (1) intersect with described circular transmission coil respectively, three intersection points are with described circular transmission coil trisection, described three characteristic impedances are Z ₁The other end of 90 ° of transmission lines (1) be respectively arranged with output port P ₂, output port P ₃, output port P ₄, per two adjacent described characteristic impedances are Z ₁The folded circular transmission coil central authorities of 90 ° of transmission lines (1) be provided with microwave phase inverter (3), the two ends of each described microwave phase inverter (3) are connected with respectively an isolation resistance R(4).

2. one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described microwave phase inverter (3) is two-sided parallel strips phase inverter or little a kind of with in the phase inverter.

3. one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described two-sided parallel band line style phase inverter is two-sided parallel strips and metallization via structure.

4. one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described micro strip line type phase inverter adopts ground plate opened round vallecular cavity, the interdigital metallization via hole of microstrip line ground structure.

5. one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described characteristic impedance is Z ₁The length of 90 ° of transmission lines (1) greater than the radius of circular transmission coil, characteristic impedance is Z ₁The length of 90 ° of transmission lines (1) be 1/4th λ wavelength.

6. based on the power distribution method of one minute three power divider of microwave phase inverter, it is characterized in that, specifically implement according to following steps:

Step 1, with power by input port P ₁Input adopts even mould equivalent electric circuit to obtain to satisfy input port P ₁Matching condition;

Step 2, according to output port P ₂, output port P ₃, output port P ₄Excitation value, three output ports isolation condition and step 1 in the matching condition obtained, obtain input port P ₁Voltage, be the odd even equivalent electric circuit with the circuit structure equivalence, i.e. acquired character impedance is Z ₂The characteristic impedance of 90 ° of transmission lines (2) be Z ₂With isolation resistance R(4) value;

Step 3, through step 2, with fan-in mouth P ₁Power averaging be dispensed to three outputs, namely mean allocation is to output port P ₂, output port P ₃, output port P ₄

7. the power distribution method of one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described step 1 is specifically implemented in accordance with the following methods:

With power by input port P ₁Input is by input port P ₁With three characteristic impedances be Z ₁90 ° of transmission lines (1) respectively with power delivery to output port P ₂, output port P ₃, output port P ₄, the isolation resistance R(4 that microwave phase inverter (3) two ends connect) and short circuit, whole circuit equivalent is even mould equivalent electric circuit, at the center frequency point place, characteristic impedance is Z ₁90 ° of transmission lines (1) be short-circuit line, the impedance of input is infinitely great, namely obtains to satisfy input port P ₁Matching condition be:

8. the power distribution method of one minute three power divider based on the microwave phase inverter according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described step 2 is specifically implemented according to following steps:

Step 2.1, output port P ₂, output port P ₃, output port P ₄Excitation value be respectively 2E _s,-2E _s, 0, according to the matching condition of obtaining in three output ports isolation conditions and the step 1, obtain input port P according to following algorithm again ₁Voltage:

V _1o＝S ₂₁E _s+S ₃₁(-E _s)+S ₄₁*0＝0；

Step 2.2, the input port P that obtains through step 2.1 ₁Magnitude of voltage be 0, be the odd even equivalent electric circuit with the circuit equivalent of power divider of the present invention, the characteristic impedance that obtains respectively transmission line (2) is Z ₂With isolation resistance R(4) value, specifically implement according to following algorithm:

E _s＝A·(-E _s)+B·I _3o （1）

I _2o＝C·(-E _s)+D·I _3o （2）

I _2o＝E _s/Z ₀ （3）

I _3o＝E _s/Z ₀ （4）

The cascade circuit transfer matrix is

$\left[A_2\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}0& {\mathrm{jZ}}_2\\ j/Z_2& 0\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 0\\ 1/R& 1\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}-1& 0\\ 0& -1\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 0\\ 1/R& 1\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}0& {\mathrm{jZ}}_2\\ j/Z_2& 0\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& {2Z}_2^2/R\\ 0& 1\end{array}\right]$

$\left[A_1\right]=\left[A_3\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 0\\ R/\left({2Z}_2^2\right)& 1\end{array}\right]$

$\left[A\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}A& B\\ C& D\end{array}\right]=\left[A_1\right]\left[A_2\right]\left[A_3\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 0\\ R/\left({2Z}_2^2\right)& 1\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& {2Z}_2^2/R\\ 0& 1\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 0\\ R/\left({2Z}_2^2\right)& 1\end{array}\right]$ (5)

$=\left[\begin{array}{cc}2& {2Z}_2^2/R\\ 3R/\left({2Z}_2^2\right)& 2\end{array}\right]$

With (5) (3) substitutions (1):

Namely obtain $Z_2=\sqrt{{1.5Z}_{0}R}$ Or $R=\frac{{2Z}_2^2}{{2Z}_0}.$

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