Technical background
Drilling fluid, former title mud refers to the working fluid that uses in the drilling well.It is cooling drill bit, lubricated drilling tool that drilling fluid mainly acts on; At the bottom of the peace and quiet hole, take landwaste (taking rock) out of.The protection hole wall prevents from caving in equilibrium strata pressure etc.Conventional water-base drilling fluid is made up of multiple materials such as clay, tackifier, fluid loss agent, anti-collapse dose, lubricant and oil layer protective agents, and differing materials is to the difference that influences of property of drilling fluid, and is difficult in maintenance.Its medium clay soil is the basic pulping material of conventional water-base drilling fluid, can be dispersed into superfine little particle (particle diameter is generally less than 2 microns) by hydration.The existence of clay is conducive to increase clay and the shear force of drilling fluid on the one hand, improves suspension and the carrying capacity of drilling fluid, is conducive to take rock, can form fine and close mud cake simultaneously and reduce drilling fluid filtration, is conducive to wellbore stability and protection reservoir; Can increase the submicron particles order of magnitude solid load in the drilling fluid on the other hand, reduce drilling fluid speed, simultaneously, clay particle might be invaded reservoir under the effect of pressure reduction, stops up reservoir pore space, reduces the rate of permeation height of reservoir, causes formation damage.
No clay drilling fluid can reduce the quantity of submicron particles greatly, is conducive to improve drilling speed, is conducive to alleviate solid phase simultaneously and stops up the formation damage that causes.Because no clay exists, it glues cuts especially at high temperature sticking and cuts lowlyer, is unfavorable for taking rock; Owing to can not form fine and close mud cake, drilling fluid filtration is higher simultaneously, and easily causes leakage, is unfavorable for wellbore stability and protection reservoir.Therefore the key of the no clay drilling fluid of development is to find out the plugging agent that can effectively improve the tackifier of drilling fluid viscosity and shear force and can effectively improve the drilling fluid shut-off capacity under the situation that no clay exists.
CN1050036A (CN90108075.6) provide a kind of clay-free drilling fluid and production method thereof, this clay-free drilling fluid is to mix the back by the polysaccharide polymer vegetable jelly dry powder that contains protein, fat and water to form the hydrophilic colloid slurry that hydrophilic colloid combines with the water glass hydrophilic colloid again, its prescription is: glue dry powder 0.5-1%, the water glass glue 3-5% of modulus 2.6-3.3, concentration 35-45%, surplus is water.The wellbore flushing liquid that is used for drilling project troublesome zone drilling guard aperture creeps in the glued poor stratum of loose crushing and water-sensitive strata, can form one deck at hole wall and have toughness and elastic semipermeability protection glued membrane, and its fluid loss is very low.CN102220113A(CN201010152318) provide a kind of no solid phase drilling liquid, its prescription is: tackifier: 0.5%-1%; PH regulator agent: 0.1%-0.6%; Fluid loss agent: 1%-4%; Inhibitor: 3%-30%; Lubricant: 1%-5%; Seawater: surplus.More than two prior art weak points be: the natural polymer with natural plant dry powder or modification in (1) drilling fluid is tackifier, the temperature resistance ability; (2) do not have plugging agent in the drilling fluid composition, can not form effective plugged zone, the filter loss height, and easily cause leakage; (3) drilling fluid easily enters reservoir and stops up reservoir pore space, and protection reservoir ability influences oil recovery factor.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides the unidirectional shutoff drilling fluid of a kind of no clay.This drilling fluid temperature resistance ability reaches more than 150 ℃, has the characteristics of unidirectional shutoff, and it has overcome shortcoming or the deficiency that above-mentioned prior art exists effectively, can be used as drilling fluid, well finishing liquid or workover fluid, and it is remarkable to improve drilling speed, stabilizing borehole and protection reservoir effect.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The unidirectional shutoff drilling fluid of a kind of no clay, the mass parts of raw material consists of:
Main tackifier 5-40 part, auxiliary tackifier 1-5 part, unidirectional plugging agent 20-150 part, inhibitor 5-20 part, lubricant 0-20 part, weighting agent 0-500 part, 1000 parts in water.
Described main tackifier are selected from polyacrylamide, Polyanionic Cellulose or co-polymer of sulfonate fluid loss agent DSP-2;
Described auxiliary tackifier are selected from xanthan gum or Xylo-Mucine;
Described unidirectional plugging agent is selected from polymer elasticity microballoon SFH-1 or rubber grain;
Described inhibitor is selected from amido polyalcohols AP-1, polyacrylic acid potassium or polyvalent alcohol;
Described lubricant is selected from drilling fluid FYR lubricant, white oil or graphite;
Described weighting agent is one of sodium formiate, potassium formiate or combination.
Preferred according to the present invention, described main tackifier are co-polymer of sulfonate fluid loss agent DSP-2, Shandong De Shunyuan Petroleum Technology Co., Ltd product.
Preferred according to the present invention, described auxiliary tackifier are xanthan gum FT.
Preferred according to the present invention, described unidirectional plugging agent is polymer elasticity microballoon SFH-1, and Shengli Oil Field circumference chemical industry company limited is on sale.
Preferred according to the present invention, described inhibitor is drilling fluid amido polyalcohols AP-1, Shandong De Shunyuan Petroleum Technology Co., Ltd product.
Preferred according to the present invention, described lubricant is drilling fluid FYR lubricant, can buy by market, and Shengli Oil Field circumference chemical industry company limited produces and sells.
The FYR lubricant can prepare by the following method: in 100 weight parts, 10~30 parts of whiterusss, 1~3 part of nonionic surface active agent, 5~15 parts of polyether glycols (relative molecular weight 2000-3000), 0.5~1 part of methylcellulose gum or polyvinyl alcohol, surplus are water; Described nonionic surface active agent is that tween-80 and Arlacel-60 are by the combination of 2:1 mass ratio; Whiteruss, nonionogenic tenside and polyether glycol are added reactor, be warming up to 60 ~ 80 ℃, stir 30min, the water that is dissolved with methylcellulose gum or polyvinyl alcohol is joined in the reactor, 60 ~ 80 ℃ are stirred 40 ~ 60min, are cooled to room temperature namely.
According to the present invention, a kind of preparation method who does not have the unidirectional shutoff drilling fluid of clay, step is as follows:
By proportioning, main tackifier and auxiliary tackifier are added to the water successively, stirring is fully dissolved it; Add inhibitor, unidirectional plugging agent and lubricant again, stir; Add weighting agent at last, stirring is fully dissolved it.Namely.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following excellent results:
(1) still have suitable rheological under the hot conditions, viscosity and shear force satisfy the requirement of brill completion
Co-polymer of sulfonate fluid loss agent DSP-2 and the composite use of xanthan gum FT, under the situation that no clay exists, drilling fluid still has higher viscosity and shear force under hot conditions, the temperature resistance ability reaches more than 160 ℃, overcome viscosity and the low excessively defective of shear force behind the conventional no clay drilling fluids at high temperature, can be used for deep-well and ultra deep well;
(2) shut-off capacity is strong, and has unidirectional shutoff feature
The polymer elasticity microballoon has elasticity and deformability preferably; its median size is about 80 microns; greater than general formation pore diameter or microfracture width; the polymer elasticity microsphere particle partly is embedded in the ingress of formation pore or microfracture under the effect of pressure reduction; effective shutoff formation pore or microfracture; reduce drilling fluid to stratum leak-off or leakage, be conducive to wellbore stability and protection reservoir.Because the polymer elasticity microsphere particle partly is embedded in the ingress of formation pore or microfracture, does not enter hole or microfracture, when the back-pressure difference existed, plugged zone was easy to remove, and has unidirectional shutoff feature
(3) oilness is good, applicable to long horizontal traverse well, orientation well and horizontal well
Drilling fluid of the present invention does not have clay and contains the good FYR lubricant of oilness, therefore, has excellent lubricating properties, can effectively reduce in the drilling process because drilling tool rotary is transferred frictional resistance and the moment of torsion of generation, applicable to long horizontal traverse well, orientation well and horizontal well.
(4) prescription is simple, and preparation is quick
Drilling fluid composition is simple relatively and do not have clay, does not need prehydration bentonite slurry and specific installation, and preparation is simple, quick, and comprehensive cost is low;
(5) be conducive to environment protection
Used treatment agent is all nontoxic, and readily biodegradable, and is little to the sensitive area influence, is conducive to environment protection;
(6) function is many
Can be used for several work engineerings such as drilling well, completion, well workover and tertiary oil recovery.
Embodiment
Be further described below in conjunction with the present invention of embodiment, but be not limited thereto.A kind of performance test methods that does not have a unidirectional shutoff drilling fluid of clay that the present invention relates to is as follows:
(1) property of drilling fluid is measured
Property of drilling fluid is measured with reference to drilling fluid test procedure (ZB/TE13004-90).
(2) rock core sealing ratiod and rate of permeation recovery rate are measured
Measure the rock core size, vacuumize saturated 48h with normal saline solution, forward is measured the permeability to oil K of rock core
1Use the unidirectional shutoff drilling fluid of the no clay shutoff rock core that disposes in the leak stopping instrument, remove the mud cake of shutoff end after shutoff is finished, forward is measured the oil phase infiltration K of rock core
2, the rate of permeation sealing ratiod of calculating rock core
Measure the reverse oil phase permeability K of rock core after the shutoff then
3, the rate of permeation recovery rate of calculating rock core
Raw material among the embodiment is described as follows:
Co-polymer of sulfonate tackify fluid loss agent DSP-2, Shandong De Shunyuan Petroleum Technology Co., Ltd; Amido polyalcohols AP-1, Shandong De Shunyuan Petroleum Technology Co., Ltd; Xanthan gum FT, the biological company limited of Shandong Zhong Xuan; Polymer elasticity microballoon SFH-1, Shengli Oil Field circumference chemical industry company limited product.
Drilling fluid produces with FYR lubricant Shengli Oil Field circumference chemical industry company limited and sells.Be to prepare by the following method: by weight, 30 parts of whiterusss, 2 parts of tween-80s, 1 part of Arlacel-60 and 15 parts of polyether glycols (relative molecular weight 2000-3000) are added reactor, be warming up to 80 ℃, stir 30min, join in the reactor again after being dissolved in 0.5 part of methylcellulose gum in 51.5 parts of water, 80 ℃ are stirred 60min, are cooled to room temperature namely.
The consumption of component is represented with weight part among each embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
Add 1000 parts of clear water in slurry commanding tank, 15 parts of co-polymer of sulfonate fluid loss agent DSP-2 and 2 parts of xanthan gum FT are added in the clear water successively, stirring is fully dissolved it; Add 10 parts of amido polyalcohols AP-1,50 parts of polymer elasticity microballoon SFH-1 and 10 parts of FYR lubricants, stir; Add 100 parts of potassium formiates, fully stirring makes its dissolving be the unidirectional shutoff drilling fluid of no clay.Get the unidirectional shutoff drilling fluid of no clay of embodiment 1 method preparation, investigate its performance, the result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
Embodiment 2:
Add 1000 parts of clear water in slurry commanding tank, 20 parts of co-polymer of sulfonate fluid loss agent DSP-2 and 3 parts of xanthan gum FT are added in the clear water successively, stirring is fully dissolved it; Add 5 parts of amido polyalcohols AP-1,70 parts of polymer elasticity microballoon SFH-1 and 15 parts of FYR lubricants, stir; Add 200 parts of sodium formiates, fully stirring makes its dissolving be the unidirectional shutoff drilling fluid of no clay.Get the unidirectional shutoff drilling fluid of no clay of embodiment 2 methods preparation, investigate its performance, the result is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
Embodiment 3:
Add 1000 parts of clear water in slurry commanding tank, 30 parts of co-polymer of sulfonate fluid loss agent DSP-2 and 2 parts of xanthan gum FT are added in the clear water successively, stirring is fully dissolved it; Add 15 parts of amido polyalcohols AP-1,60 parts of polymer elasticity microballoon SFH-1 and 20 parts of FYR lubricants, stir; Add 150 parts of sodium formiates and 50 potassium formiates, fully stirring makes its dissolving be the unidirectional shutoff drilling fluid of no clay.Get the unidirectional shutoff drilling fluid of no clay of embodiment 3 methods preparation, investigate its performance, the result is as shown in table 3:
Table 3
By above experimental result as can be seen, the unidirectional shutoff drilling fluid of no clay of the present invention all has higher viscosity and shear force under room temperature and hot conditions, satisfy the requirement of job execution, sealing ratiod and rate of permeation recovery rate be greater than 90%, illustrates that the present invention has the feature of the strong and unidirectional shutoff of shutoff.