CN1030125C - Battery Charging method and device controlled by differential pressure - Google Patents
Battery Charging method and device controlled by differential pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN1030125C CN1030125C CN 91101639 CN91101639A CN1030125C CN 1030125 C CN1030125 C CN 1030125C CN 91101639 CN91101639 CN 91101639 CN 91101639 A CN91101639 A CN 91101639A CN 1030125 C CN1030125 C CN 1030125C
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Abstract
The present invention provides a battery charging method through pressure difference control, and a device thereof. In the method, a battery is charged by a charging power supply, and a required pressure difference value delta V is set; the maximum value V<m> of the voltage V<i> of the battery end in a charging process is determined and stored; whether V<m>-V<i> is greater than or equal to delta V or not is judged, and when V<m>-V<i> is greater than or equal to delta V, the device stops charging the battery so that the battery can be fully charged without overcharge. The device is suitable for initially charging the battery, recharging the battery after discharge, and charging the battery in a replenishment mode in intermediate time.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of method and apparatus of battery charge, particularly a kind of method for charging batteries and device of pressure reduction control.
Existing method for charging batteries mainly contains to be decided voltage method, decides current method and rapid charging.More than the existing introduction in for example " handbook of batteries " (Ri Jize four youths work) and " boost battery charge technology " (People's Telecon Publishing House published in 85 years) of these methods.Decide voltage method and be the charging method that maximum voltage that rechargeable battery reaches is restricted, when battery terminal voltage rises to the maximum of setting, just think battery full charge.Deciding current method is to use to decide the method that electric current charges to battery, and this method provides duration of charge usually, thereby controls its charging process.Rapid charging is the method for battery being charged with heavy current pulse, this method has the discharge depolarization process at inter-train pause, by measurement to the maximum stop voltage of battery (or charge volume, battery temperature rise value, gas efficiency etc.), charge volume and discharge capacity are compared, thus the charging process of control battery.Above charging method is because each battery is all got same Control Parameter, do not meet the actual conditions of each battery, thereby certainly will there be some batteries not have full charge, and the other battery overcharges, the latter was not only time-consuming but also influence life-span of battery, in a word, above-mentioned prior art is owing to lack a kind of Control Parameter of accurate reflection charge condition, thereby can't make just in time full charge of battery.
The purpose of this invention is to provide efficient, economic charging method and device that a kind of accurate control charging process does not overcharge battery energy full charge again.
In battery charging process, the terminal voltage of beginning battery can raise gradually, when battery approaches full charge or because charging current when crossing macrocell and can not accept again, the terminal voltage of battery will enter a fluctuations stage, terminal voltage is actual from the appearance of maximum landing to be the fully charged sign of battery, according to the charging process of the size control battery of the difference (pressure reduction) of this landing, can make both full charges and don't overcharge of battery.
The present invention realizes by following method and apparatus.
A kind of method of utilizing pressure reduction control charge power supply that battery is charged, it comprises the following steps:
1) sets the pressure difference △ V that needs;
2) determine battery terminal voltage V in the charging process
iThe maximum V that reached
mAnd stored;
3) judge V
m-V
iWhether more than or equal to △ V; And
4) work as V
m-V
iDuring 〉=△ V, stop battery charge.
The device of realizing said method comprise to the power supply of battery charge and:
1) unit of the pressure difference △ V of setting needs;
2) determine battery terminal voltage V in the charging process
iMaximum V
mAnd the unit that is stored;
3) judge V
m-V
iWhether more than or equal to the unit of △ V;
4) work as V
m-V
iDuring 〉=△ V, stop control unit to battery charge.
Method and apparatus of the present invention; because the terminal voltage of accurate parameter one battery that a reflection battery charge situation is provided is in maximum place landing difference; thereby make that battery was both sufficient and don't overcharge; greatly protected battery, prolonged the useful life of battery and saved the charging interval.Said method be applicable to battery initial charge, put and recharged behind the electricity and the middle electricity that replenishes, bring great convenience to the user.
Fig. 1 is a functional-block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the basic circuit diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 produces pulse W in the first embodiment of the present invention
0, W
1, W
2, W
3And W
4Installation drawing.
Fig. 4 is pulse W
0, W
1, W
2, W
3And W
4Oscillogram.
Fig. 5 is the charge power supply partial circuit figure of the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the basic circuit diagram of the control section of the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 (a) is the control program block diagram of microcomputer when a Battery pack charges of second embodiment.
Fig. 7 (b) is the control program block diagram of microcomputer when six Battery packs charge of second embodiment.
Fig. 8 is the basic circuit diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing three embodiment of the present invention are elaborated.
Fig. 1 is a functional-block diagram of the present invention.As shown in the figure, control unit control charge power supply is to the charging of battery.Terminal voltage V during charging
iBe input in judging unit and the determining unit, determining unit is used for determining the terminal voltage V in the battery charging process
iThe maximum V that reaches
mAnd stored, above-mentioned maximum also is input in the judging unit, and setup unit is set required pressure difference △ V and it is input in the judging unit, and judging unit is to V
m-V
iDifferentiate with the size of △ V, work as V
m-V
iDuring 〉=△ V, then send control signal and give control unit, stop battery charge.
Fig. 2 is the basic circuit diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention, and this embodiment adopts digital means.As shown in Figure 2, the 1st, control unit, the 4th, determining unit, the 6th, judging unit, the 9th, setup unit.Power supply E
iAfter controllable silicon 19 rectifications and RC filtering, become charge power supply again through transformer 16 conversion to battery E
c Charge.Control unit 1 comprises controllable silicon 19, first trigger 35 and driver 36, and the output signal that above-mentioned controllable silicon 19 receives driver 36 is controlled charging process, and driver 36 can receive the pulse signal from first trigger 35.Electric voltage/frequency converter 10 is used for to battery E
cTerminal voltage V
iSignal carry out conversion so that determining unit 4 and setup unit carry out data processing.With the output of door 18 controls from above-mentioned transducer signal.Voltage/frequency (V/F) transducer 10 can adopt for example integrated package of LM331.Determining unit 4 comprises 13,12 the binary system magnitude comparators 14 of 12 binary addition counters (first counter), 11,12 bit registers and second trigger 37.First counter 11 by three for example two 4 binary addition counters 20,21,22 of 4520 integrated packages constitute.Register 13 by three for example the D flip- flop 26,27,28 of CD4174 integrated package constitute, comparator 14 by three for example the integrated package 29,30,31 of CC14585 constitute.Second trigger 37 can adopt for example 1/2 4013 integrated package.Judging unit 6 by three for example the integrated package 32,33,34 of CC14585 constitute, it in fact also is a magnitude comparator.Setup unit comprises two 4 grades 1 * 2 switch blocks 38,39, voltage source V
+, source V
G, and 12 binary systems can preset several binary addition counters (second counter) 12, the required pressure difference △ of representative V(preferred range 1mV-50mV by switch block 38,39 settings) binary digital signal is input in second counter, so second counter, 12 output V
iThe value of+△ V is in above-mentioned judging unit 6.Above-mentioned second counter by three for example the integrated package 23,24,25 of CC4516 constitute.Control impuls W among Fig. 1
0, W
1, W
2, W
3, W
4To describe afterwards.
Fig. 3 produces above-mentioned control impuls W
0, W
1, W
2, W
3, W
4Installation drawing.40 is signal generators of chip ZCOO2 for example as shown in the figure, the 41st, and with door.The pulse signal that produces from the output with door 41 is W
0(waveform is seen Fig. 4), the 42,43,44, the 45th, the trigger of CD4098 integrated package for example.Trigger 42 utilizes W
0Trailing edge triggering for generating pulse signal W
1(see figure 4), trigger 43 utilizes W
1Rising edge triggering for generating pulse signal W
2(see figure 4), trigger 44 utilizes W
2Rising edge triggering for generating pulse signal W
3(see figure 4), trigger 45 utilizes W
3Trailing edge triggering for generating pulse signal W
4(see figure 4).
Fig. 4 is pulse signal W
0, W
1, W
2, W
3, W
4Oscillogram.W
0Be positive pulse, pulse duration t
0=992.2ms, period T
0=1S.In the time of above-mentioned pulse duration, with the representative battery E of 18 pairs of voltage/frequencies of door (V/F) transducer, 10 outputs
CThe signal of terminal voltage is sampled, so that first counter 11 and second counter 12 are handled.W
1Be negative pulse, pulse duration t
1=0.2ms, period T
1=1S, this pulse can make second trigger 37 produce the signal that makes register 13 contents " renovation " in the determining unit 4.W
2Be positive pulse, pulse duration t
2=0.2ms, period T
2=1S, this pulse can make first trigger 35 produce the signal that driver is started.W
3Be positive pulse, pulse duration t
3=0.2ms, period T
3=1S, this pulse is used for first counter 11 and second counter 12 are carried out " zero clearing ".W
4Be negative pulse, pulse duration t
4=0.2ms, period T
4=1S, the pressure difference △ V that this pulse can make setup unit 9 set is input in the judging unit 6.
With reference to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, the operation principle of first embodiment is as follows:
The magnitude comparator in first counter 11, second counter 12, register 13, magnitude comparator 14 and the judging unit 6 artificial " zero clearing " at first, pulse signal W
2Start driver 36, so controllable silicon 19 is connected battery E
CBegin charging.At W
0When pulse arrives, open with door 18, the signal of the representative battery terminal voltage of coming from electric voltage/frequency converter 10 is input to respectively first counter 11 and second counter 12.In determining unit 4, register 13 receives the output valve of first counter 11, and to W
0The maximum of the above-mentioned output valve in the time of pulse duration is deposited.T at any one time
i, if the maximum that register is deposited is V
Max, magnitude comparator 14 will be somebody's turn to do magnitude of voltage V constantly
iWith above-mentioned maximum V
MaxCompare, as V
i＞V
Max, then at W
1When pulse arrived, second trigger 37 sent signal, sends device content " renovation ", and new maximum is stored into, repeated above-mentioned steps up to V
i≤ V
MaxTill, promptly the terminal voltage of battery no longer increases, the maximum V in the charging process
mDetermine and be stored in the register 13.In setup unit 9, the pressure difference △ V that switch 38,39 is set is at W simultaneously
4Pulse is input in second comparator 14 the output valve V of second counter 12 when arriving
i+ △ V is input in the judging unit 6, the maximum V that judging unit 6 receives from determining unit
m, and with it and above-mentioned output valve V
i+ △ V compares, as V
m＜V
i+ △ V then waits for next W
0Pulse arrives and repeats said process again, up to V
m〉=V
iTill+△ the V, this moment, judging unit 6 sent control signal and and W according to above-mentioned judged result
2Pulse signal makes first trigger 35 start driver 36 together, so controllable silicon 19 is connected, battery charge finishes, and that is to say, at this moment the terminal voltage V of rechargeable battery
iFrom maximum V
mThe pressure difference △ V that has descended and set, battery be full charge and don't overcharge in fact.
Referring to Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, the second embodiment of the present invention is elaborated.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the charge power supply part of second embodiment, the described device of this embodiment can to the multichannel battery for example 6 road batteries charge and charging process controlled, also can only 1 Battery pack be charged and control.As shown in the figure, power supply E
iThrough transformer X
1X
6Conversion is again through diode D
1D
6After the rectification respectively to battery E
C1E
C6Charging.Switches set J
1J
6Controlling the charging of each road battery respectively.Each switches set has four relay switches, for example J
1Four relay switch J are arranged
11, J
12, J
13, J
14, they descend for the charging current of rechargeable battery according to certain rules successively, for example become geometric progression to descend, if J
11Charging current be 8I, then J
12, J
13, J
14Charging current be respectively 4I, 2I, I.The terminal voltage signal V of battery
1V
6Be input to the control section of this embodiment respectively.
Fig. 6 is the basic circuit diagram of the control section of second embodiment.As shown in the figure, the 57th, control unit, microcomputer 58 comprise a determining unit, a setup unit and a judging unit.8 road alteration switchs 71 adopt for example integrated package of CC4501, and address register 72 adopts for example CC14508 integrated package, and 74 is not gates.4 road alteration switchs 75 can adopt for example integrated package of CC4066.Integral amplifier 76 can adopt for example integrated package of LF351, and voltage comparator 77 can adopt for example integrated package of LM311.Microcomputer 58 can adopt for example single-chip microcomputer of MCS-51.Control unit 57 comprises six control assemblies 65 ... 70, each control assembly comprises a shift register, a driver and a switches set.For example, control assembly 65 contains shift register 81, driver 91 and switches set J
1
" 2-7 " termination of 8 road alteration switchs 71 is received the terminal voltage signal V of battery
1V
6, the sampled voltage V of civil power alternating voltage
NBe input to " 1 " end of above-mentioned alteration switch 71, " O " end of this alteration switch links to each other with ground, so that measure drift voltage V
P8 road alteration switchs 71 according to from the signal of address register 72 and not gate 74 selectively the battery terminal voltage signal that receives, line voltage V
N, drift voltage V
PBe input to a end of 4 road alteration switchs 75, simultaneously from power supply E
0Voltage signal V
0With ground source signal V
GBe input to the b end and the c end of above-mentioned 4 road alteration switchs respectively.4 road alteration switchs 75 are according to the P from single-chip microcomputer 58
3.0, P
3.1And P
3.2The signal of end is input to the signal that a end, b end, c termination are received in the integral amplifier 76 selectively, is input to the P of single-chip microcomputer 58 through voltage comparator 77 from the signal of integral amplifier 76 outputs
3.3End.58 pairs of above-mentioned signals that receive of single-chip microcomputer are handled and are sent control signal and give control unit 57, thereby the charging process of each road battery is controlled.The P of single-chip microcomputer 58
0.0End, P
0.1End and P
0.2The address locking signal of low 3 signals of end output and the output of " ALE " end is input in the address register 72.The P of single-chip microcomputer 58
2.7End also produces gating signal and is input in 8 road alteration switchs 71 by a not gate 74.
The control assembly 65 of control unit 57 ... 70 shift register 81 ... 86 receive the P of single-chip microcomputer 58 respectively
1.0P
1.5The signal of end output.Above-mentioned shift register receives the P of single-chip microcomputer 58 simultaneously
1.7The pulse signal of end input is so above-mentioned shift register is connected four relay switch J selectively by the corresponding driving device
1i, J
2i, J
3i, J
4i(i can from 1 to 6), thus selected a certain road battery is implemented to charge normal or quick charge.
Fig. 7 (a) is that second embodiment is having only a Battery pack E
C1(for example the 2 tunnel) control program block diagram of single-chip microcomputer 58 when charging, it may further comprise the steps:
Step 102: single-chip microcomputer 58 initialization, set shift count 4 and place memory, also set required pressure difference △ V simultaneously, the preferred range of this pressure difference is 1mV-50mV;
Step 103: single-chip microcomputer output control signal is given control unit 57, so battery E
C1Charge switch connect, battery begins charging;
Step 104: start " O " road A/D, with drift voltage V
PBe stored in the memory;
Step 105: start " 1 " road A/D, differentiate civil power alternating voltage V
NWhether change;
Step 106: to V
NDifferentiate;
Step 107: as V
NDescend, then put out the signal " V that expression voltage descends
N↓ ", and stored;
Step 108: store V
N;
Step 109: determine battery terminal voltage V in the charging process
iThe maximum V that is reached
mAnd stored;
Step 110: judging unit is to V
m-V
iWhether differentiate, as V more than or equal to △ V
m-V
i≤ △ V then gets back to step 104, up to V
m-V
iTill 〉=△ the V.
Step 111: as V
m-V
iAt this moment 〉=△ V judges that shift register has been shifted several times,
As less than 4 times, then reduce charging current up to being shifted 4 times and having satisfied V
m-V
i〉=△ V is so send the signal of complete charge.
Fig. 7 (b) is the control program block diagram of second embodiment single-chip microcomputer 58 to 6 tunnel battery charge time, and it comprises the following steps:
Step 116: single-chip microcomputer 58 initialization, set shift count 4 and place memory, also set required pressure difference △ V simultaneously, the preferred range of this pressure difference is 1mV-50mV;
Step 117: single-chip microcomputer 58 is exported control signal respectively and is given six shift registers of control unit 57 so that connect the charge switch of 2-7 road battery.
Step 118: check the A/D output on 2-7 road and send control signal that so that cut off the charge switch on no battery road, promptly corresponding shift register sends four pulses continuously;
Step 119:, set period 6, and place memory;
Step 120: start " O " road A/D, with drift voltage V
PBe stored in the memory;
Step 121: start " 1 " road A/D, differentiate civil power alternating voltage V
NWhether change;
Step 122: to V
NWhether decline is differentiated;
Step 123: as V
NDescend, then put out the signal " V of its decline of expression
N↓ " and stored;
Step 124: store V
N;
Step 125: determine each road battery terminal voltage V respectively
iThe maximum that is reached in the charging process is also stored;
Step 126: the base area coded signal is to the maximum V of the rechargeable battery on selected a certain road
mTerminal voltage V with its arbitrary moment
iDifference be V
m-V
iSize judge.As V
m-V
i＜V then gets back to step 119, up to V
m-V
iTill 〉=△ the V, as V
m-V
i〉=△ V judges that again shift register has been shifted several times, as less than 4 times, then reduces the charging current shelves gradually, after reaching 4 times and V
m-V
i〉=△ V then sends control signal, finishes the charging of this rechargeable battery.
Step 127: judge 6 Battery packs whether all charging finish, as do not have, then get back to step 119, up to the end of all charging of each Battery pack.
Step 128: complete charge process.
Fig. 8 is the basic circuit diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention.As shown in the figure, the 133rd, control unit, it comprises resistance R
1, resistance R
2, light-emitting diode D
1, transistor switch T
1, T
2Setup unit 135 is by resistance R
5With current regulator diode D
3Constitute.Determining unit 136 is by operational amplifier A
1, diode D
4And capacitor C
3Constitute.Judging unit 137 comprises voltage comparator A
2Resistance R
4And capacitor C
1Be used for terminal voltage V to battery
iFiltering is so that judging unit 137 relatively.Resistance R
7It is current-limiting resistance.
The current regulator diode D of setup unit 135
3Make resistance R
5Produce certain pressure drop (preferred range is 1mV-50mV), the pressure difference △ V of required setting that Here it is.Determining unit 136 comprises that one contains capacitor C
3Integrating circuit, it can determine battery E
CTerminal voltage V during charging
iThe maximum V that is reached
mTypical value and stored.Determining unit 136 output valve V
' mBe V
m-△ V, above-mentioned value is input to the comparator A of judging unit 137
2"-" end, the terminal voltage signal V of battery simultaneously
iBe input to "+" end of above-mentioned comparator.
Power supply E
iThrough transformer 150 conversion again through diode D
5Be input to control unit 133 after the rectification, then to battery E
CCharge.The charging incipient stage, terminal voltage constantly rises, by resistance R is set
5Value can make the terminal voltage V at battery two ends
iGreater than V
m-△ V, this moment, high level, transistor switch T were exported in disconnected unit 137
2Conducting, T simultaneously
1Also conducting, charging process is proceeded, at a time, V
i≤ V
m-△ V, the voltage comparator A in the judging unit 137
2Counter-rotating is also exported a low level, T
2End T
1Also end, charging process finishes.
The present invention not only comprises above-mentioned three embodiment, and unit among each embodiment or parts are done slightly to change and reached purpose of the present invention too, but as long as reflection flesh and blood-pressure difference of the present invention is included among the appended claim certainly.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of method for charging batteries of pressure reduction control, it charges to battery by a charge power supply, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) sets the pressure difference △ V that needs;
2) determine the maximum V that battery terminal voltage Vi reached in the rechargable battery process
mAnd stored;
3) judge V
m-V
iWhether more than or equal to △ V; And
4) work as V
m-V
iDuring 〉=△ V, stop battery charge.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the preferred range of described pressure difference △ V is 1mV-50mV.
3, a kind of battery charger of pressure reduction control, it comprises a charge power supply, it is characterized in that also comprising:
1) unit of the pressure difference △ V of setting needs;
2) determine battery terminal voltage V in the charging process
iThe maximum V that reached
mAnd the unit that is stored;
3) judge V
m-V
iWhether more than or equal to the unit of △ V;
4) work as V
m-V
iDuring 〉=△ V, stop control unit to battery charge.
4, device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described control unit comprises one group of control assembly, each control assembly contains a shift register, driver and a switches set, above-mentioned switches set contains a series of relay switches, above-mentioned shift register is being controlled this switches set, and each relay switch is controlled a kind of charging current.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91101639 CN1030125C (en) | 1991-03-14 | 1991-03-14 | Battery Charging method and device controlled by differential pressure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91101639 CN1030125C (en) | 1991-03-14 | 1991-03-14 | Battery Charging method and device controlled by differential pressure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1064769A CN1064769A (en) | 1992-09-23 |
| CN1030125C true CN1030125C (en) | 1995-10-18 |
Family
ID=4905184
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91101639 Expired - Fee Related CN1030125C (en) | 1991-03-14 | 1991-03-14 | Battery Charging method and device controlled by differential pressure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1030125C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101257219B (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2010-05-19 | 上海施能电器设备厂 | Intelligent charging method |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101325272B (en) * | 2007-06-11 | 2010-06-02 | 吴文恺 | Balance charging method and apparatus thereof |
-
1991
- 1991-03-14 CN CN 91101639 patent/CN1030125C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101257219B (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2010-05-19 | 上海施能电器设备厂 | Intelligent charging method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1064769A (en) | 1992-09-23 |
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