CN103008906A - Welding wire for preparation of aluminum-based wear-resistant coating through magnetron deposition formation - Google Patents
Welding wire for preparation of aluminum-based wear-resistant coating through magnetron deposition formation Download PDFInfo
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- CN103008906A CN103008906A CN2012105150260A CN201210515026A CN103008906A CN 103008906 A CN103008906 A CN 103008906A CN 2012105150260 A CN2012105150260 A CN 2012105150260A CN 201210515026 A CN201210515026 A CN 201210515026A CN 103008906 A CN103008906 A CN 103008906A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a welding wire for preparation of an aluminum-based wear-resistant coating through magnetron deposition formation, belonging to the field of weldments. The wire is prepared by adding Mg, Sc, Zr and other trace elements based on an ordinary Al-Si alloy wire, and comprises the following components by mass percent: 4.5-6 percent of Si, 0-0.2 percent of Fe, 0-0.3 percent of Cu, 0-0.2 percent of Ti, 0-0.45 percent of Zr and Sc, 0.15-0.35 percent of Mg, and Al as a remaining component. When the welding wire is used for preparation of the coating, grain transition is smooth, tissues are not subject to mutation, and excellent mechanical properties can be achieved. The wear resistance of the coating is excellent, the friction coefficient is only 0.32, surface scratches of an aluminum alloy substrate can be effectively reduced by the coating, and the wear resistance of the aluminum alloy substrate in high-temperature as well as hot and humid environments can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly weld the Al-Si silk material that deposited shaping prepares the aluminium-based wear-resisting coating for magnetic control, main by in the Al-Si serial alloy welding wire, adding the coating that trace element preparation intensity is high, plasticity is good, wearability is good such as Mg element and Sc, Zr.
Background technology
Weld deposited Quick-forming as a kind of new technology of RP technique, it is the principle of utilizing technique for overlaying, not only can be used for the surface modification of part, can also repair and the direct forming new parts damaged part.The aluminum alloy surface recovery technique comprises welding method, plasma spray technology and the Way by Brush Plating Technique such as common welding rod arc welding, MIG weldering and Plasma Welding.Weld deposited technology and compare with Brush Electroplating Technique with thermal spraying, welding overlay and matrix are metallurgical binding, and its bond strength is higher; Compare with common welding method, it is more excellent to weld the indexs such as deposited deposition techniques rate, roughness, heat input, coating thickness.
Development along with the material electromagnetic process, the solder technology that welding process has become a kind of advanced person is introduced in magnetic field, when externally-applied magnetic field acts on electric arc, because the satisfactory electrical conductivity of the plasma in the welding arc, but the functionality of external magnetic field to it is provided.The research of the deposited technology of magnetic field control welding comprises: by the electromagnetic force agitation molten pool, force metal flow, make grain refinement; By the contained effect of magnetic field to electric arc, improve the energy density of non-melt pole electrical arc, can improve joint quality, improve deposition efficiency.Magnetic fields effectively raises deposition efficiency in welding process in the patent of invention " magnetic control high deposition rate mixed gas protected consumable-electrode weld connects (MAG) method and special equipment " that notification number by the people such as the Yin Shu of Beijing University of Technology speech application in 2002 is CN1369347A.The notification number of being applied for by people such as the Luo Jian of Wuhan University of Technology in 2005 is the middle influence of magnetic field welding process that adopts of patent of invention " a kind of magnetic control melting electrode welding method and expansion thereof are used and common apparatus " of CN1751834, has improved the quality of welding point.Application number by the people such as the Zhu Sheng of armored force engineering institute application in 2010 is to mention the Quick-forming that adopts the horizontal magnetic control cladding forming of direct current equipment to realize part in 201010049723.2 the patent of invention " the electromagnetic field control deposited quick forming method of welding and equipment ".
Welded silk material is widely used in welding field.Along with the progress of technology, common Al-Si silk material can not satisfy the demand of production, adds the element with property and become the important means of improving silk wood property energy in Al-Si silk material.The patent No. by the people such as Zhang Guoqing application in 2009 is that the mass percent of each element is 2.5 ~ 3.5%Cu in 200910244555 the patent of invention " a kind of high strength aluminum alloy welding wire ", 2.2 ~ 3.2%Si, 0.1 ~ 0.25%Ti, 0.1 ~ 0.25%Zr, 0.1 ~ 0.2%Mn, all the other are Al.Gained welding wire intensity is higher.The patent No. by the people such as Zou Tiesheng application in 2010 is to it is characterized by component in 201010180705 the patent of invention " a kind of aluminium-silicon alloy welding wire and preparation method thereof " and weight percentage is respectively: 4.5≤Si≤6.5,0.0001≤Be≤0.0003,0.05≤Ti≤0.20,0.01≤Sr≤0.06, surplus is Al, plastic working ability and the good mechanical performance of welding wire.But relate to seldom for the Al-Si alloy that in alusil alloy silk material, adds Mg, Sc, three kinds of elements of Zr, Al-Si welding wire of the present invention welds deposited forming technique by magnetic control, can apply one or more layers special silk material at aluminum substrate surface heap, improve the performance such as wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, heat-resisting of aluminum substrate and overlay.
Summary of the invention
The present invention makes welding wire take common Al-Si serial alloy welding wire as object behind the trace elements such as interpolation Mg, Sc, Zr.Utilize the deposited forming technique of magnetic control to prepare the aluminium-based wear-resisting coating.Each constituent mass percentage range in the described silk material is: Si:4.5 ~ 6%, Fe:0 ~ 0.2%, Cu:0 ~ 0.3%, Ti:0 ~ 0.2%, Zr+Sc:0 ~ 0.45%, Mg:0.15 ~ 0.35%, all the other are Al.Adopt magnetic control to weld deposited forming technique, use the Al-Si serial alloy welding wire of mentioned component, can prepare the coating that institutional framework is good, mechanical property is better, wearability is good at aluminium alloy.
Advantage of the present invention:
(1) adding the Mg constituent content in the Al-Si serial alloy welding wire is 0.15 ~ 0.35%, and its welding point fusion area grain form is equiax crystal, has reduced the tissue sudden change, has improved the mechanical property of overlay.The tensile strength of coating and yield strength improve〉15MPa, percentage elongation remains unchanged, anti-just curved ability improves〉10MPa.
(2) adding the Zr+Sc constituent content in the Al-Si serial alloy welding wire is 0 ~ 0.45%, makes the welding wire microalloying, plays the rotten effect of Resistance of Weld Metal, and the refinement seam organization improves strength of joint.
(3) gained coating crocking resistance significantly improves after the deposited shaping of described Al-Si welding wire magnetic control, compares with traditional Al-Si serial alloy welding wire, and its coefficient of friction reduces by 0.1 ~ 0.15, and wear extent reduces by 40 ~ 60%, and wear rate obviously lowers.
The effect that the present invention is useful: in common Al-Si serial alloy welding wire, add the elements such as Mg, Sc, Zr and prepare welding wire, adopt the deposited forming technique of magnetic control to prepare the coating of excellent performance in aluminum alloy surface.Adopt described welding wire prepare the transition of gained coating crystal grain mild, organize and do not undergo mutation, good mechanical performance; Anti-wear performance is excellent, can effectively alleviate the wearability under aluminium alloy matrix surface scuffing and high temperature, the hygrothermal environment.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is among the embodiment 1 4043,4143-2 welding wire welding fusion area metallographic structure comparison diagram
Accompanying drawing 2 is 4143-4,4143-5 among the embodiment 3,4143-6 welding wire welding fusion area metallographic structure comparison diagram
Accompanying drawing 3 is 4143-4,4143-5 among the embodiment 3,4143-6 welding wire overlay mechanical property correlation curve
Accompanying drawing 4 is 4043 welding wires and 4143-6 welding wire coefficient of friction change curve in time among the embodiment 1,3
The specific embodiment
The present invention is achieved by the following measures:
Embodiment 1:
Be the Mg element that adds separately in 4043 the Al-Si serial alloy welding wire at the trade mark, the Mg constituent content is respectively 0.15%, 0.25%, 0.35%, makes 4143-1,4143-2, three kinds of welding wires of 4143-3.Adopt and to make again that the digital TPS-4000 DC pulse of the Fronius of outside Longitudinal Magnetic-field Has MIG welds deposited forming technique in the National Key Laboratory, use 4043,4143-1,4143-2,4143-3 welding wire weld aluminium alloy, obtains welding point.Tension test is carried out in butt joint, uses the yield strength σ of 4143-1,4143-2,4143-3 welding wire gained joint welding
0.2Be respectively 104MPa, 108MPa, 105MPa, tensile strength sigma
bBe respectively 168MPa, 179MPa, 170 MPa; The bending strength of weld seam is 400 MPa, 426 MPa, 405 MPa respectively; Contrast 4043,4143-1 welding wire stretch test result use yield strength ratio 4043 welding wires of 4143-1 welding wire gained joint welding to improve 5.6%, and hot strength improves 8.7%, and anti-just curved intensity improves 2.06%, and the curved intensity of the anti-back of the body and 4043 welding wires maintain an equal level.Table 1 is analyzed as can be known for adding the welding point weld metal zone mechanical property contrast of different content Mg element, and the Al-Si silk material mechanical property of adding the Mg element is more excellent.
Embodiment 2:
Adopt among the embodiment 1 4043,4143-2 welding wire gained welding point, observe each regional organization's structure of welding, the fusion area is joint easy fracture position.Fig. 1 (a) is 4043 welding wire welding point fusion area metallographic structures, and Fig. 1 (b) is the fusion area metallographic structure of 4143-2 welding wire welding point.Analyze as can be known: 4043 welding wire fusion area crystal grain are column crystal, and 4143-2 welding wire fusion area column crystal growth district narrows down, and directionality weakens, be the growth of equiax crystal form, the transition of its crystal grain form tends towards stability, and has reduced structural sudden change, and this is so that the performance of joint is more even.
Embodiment 3:
Mg, the Sc, the Zr element that add in the trade mark is 4043 Al-Si serial alloy welding wire prepare welding wire.The Mg constituent content is that the content of 0.25%, Sc is 0.3% when adding, the content of Zr is to make the 4143-4 welding wire at 0 o'clock; But the content that adds the Mg constituent content and be 0.25%, Sc is 0, make the 4143-5 welding wire when content of Zr is 0.15%; Be that the content of 0.25%, Sc is 0.3%, make the 4143-6 welding wire when content of Zr is 0.15% when adding the Mg constituent content; Adopt and to make again that the digital TPS-4000 DC pulse of the Fronius of outside Longitudinal Magnetic-field Has MIG welds deposited forming technique in the National Key Laboratory, use 4143-4,4143-5,4143-6 welding wire that aluminium alloy is welded, obtain welding point.Observe the metallographic structure of welding fusion area, Fig. 2 (a) is the fusion area metallographic structure of 4143-4 welding wire welding point, and Fig. 2 (b) is the fusion area metallographic structure of 4143-5 welding wire welding point, and Fig. 2 (c) is the fusion area metallographic structure of 4143-6 welding wire welding point.Comparison diagram 1(a) with Fig. 2 (a) and (b), (c) fusion area metallographic structure, variation has occured in the size of the growth district of the column crystal of gained welding point fusion area behind welding wire interpolation Mg element and Sc, the Zr element microalloying, the obvious refinement of weld seam central area crystal grain, column crystal zone, fusion area diminishes, crystal grain is the equiax crystal growth, wherein, 4143-6 welding wire acquired results is optimum.
Embodiment 4:
Three kinds of welding wire gained welding overlaies among the embodiment 3 are carried out Mechanics Performance Testing.Acquired results as shown in Figure 3.Analyze as can be known, the mechanical property of gained overlay significantly improves than common Al-Si silk material behind interpolation Mg element and Sc, the Zr element microalloying, and the content that adds the Mg constituent content and be 0.25%, Sc is 0.3%, make 4143-6 welding wire gained welding overlay when the content of Zr is 0.15% mechanical property is optimum.Overlay is carried out friction-wear test, adopt national defence to make the vertical friction wear testing machine of MM-W1A in the key lab again, the friction pair diameter is 6.5mm, and the welding point section is of a size of 20mm * 20mm.The setting test force is 100N, and rotating speed is 200r/min, wearing-in period 10 minutes.Fig. 4 is 4043 welding wires and 4143-6 welding wire coefficient of friction change curve in time.As can be seen from the figure, in the wearing and tearing incipient stage, coefficient of friction all is in higher value, and along with the carrying out of wearing and tearing, coefficient of friction descends gradually afterwards, and approximately after the 150s, the variation of coefficient of friction tends towards stability, little change in a stable number range.The coefficient of friction of 4143-6 welding wire welding point is that the coefficient of friction of 0.32,4043 welding wire welding point is 0.43.Adopting precision is quality before and after 0.0001 the precise electronic balance weighing sample wearing and tearing, and weighing is averaged for three times, records the mass loss of 4043 welding wires and 4143-6 welding wire welding joints wear and is respectively 0.00095g and 0.00033g.As can be known, in the Al-Si serial alloy welding wire, behind interpolation Mg, Sc, the Zr element, the friction and wear behavior of gained coating is more excellent.
Table 1 is that the wire welding welding seam field forces of the interpolation different content Mg element of embodiment 1 is learned performance comparison
Claims (1)
1. the deposited shaping of magnetic control prepares the welding wire material of aluminium-based wear-resisting coating, it is as follows that each constituent content of silk material accounts for a percentage range of material amount: Si:4.5 ~ 6%, Fe:0 ~ 0.2%, Cu:0 ~ 0.3%, Ti:0 ~ 0.2%, Zr+Sc:0 ~ 0.45%, Mg:0.15 ~ 0.35%, all the other are Al.
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Cited By (4)
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| EP3470167A1 (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2019-04-17 | Illinois Tool Works, Inc. | Method for forming a weld joint |
| CN110172619A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-27 | 江西理工大学 | A kind of composite strengthening Al-Si alloy welding wire and preparation method thereof |
| CN113829164A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2021-12-24 | 徐国俊 | Welding wire, preparation system and preparation method |
| CN114481118A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-05-13 | 中车工业研究院有限公司 | Method for repairing aluminum alloy by laser cladding in atmospheric environment |
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| CN114481118A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-05-13 | 中车工业研究院有限公司 | Method for repairing aluminum alloy by laser cladding in atmospheric environment |
| CN114481118B (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2023-11-10 | 中车工业研究院有限公司 | Method for repairing aluminum alloy by laser cladding in atmospheric environment |
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