A kind of polygon cutting tip for soft metal materials processing
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal cutting turning insert, relate in particular to the polygon cutting tip for soft metal materials processing.
Background technology
The characteristics such as the soft metal material has usually that hardness is low, poor rigidity, elastic modelling quantity is low, ductility is high and fusing point is low, and these characteristics have directly affected the soft metal drawing abillity.For soft metal materials processing turning insert structure, generally have two class formations: a class is the chip removal space with sharp anterior angle and larger opening, is connected with a plane or an arc surface between rake face and the chip removal platform in this class formation.In the machining, the smear metal meeting is slided plane or the arc surface that is connected to the chip removal platform along the front blade of insert tip, discharge through the chip removal platform again, for the soft metal material, in working angles, smear metal may be extended at the chip removal platform movement along rake face with integral form, and natural curling dropping, because smear metal and rake face contact area are excessive, cutting temperature is raise, cause smear metal to be cohered on the rake face of blade, the actual processing anterior angle of blade is changed, affect the service life of crudy and blade.In this process, smear metal curling, the flow direction of smear metal and smear metal and contacting of rake face can't be artificial control or precognition, smear metal also is difficult to fracture, especially more obvious in little feeding process, cause smear metal mutually to be twined, damage finished work surface causes product glossiness not reach requirement.Rake face is become to be similar to the shape of wave with interior curved design such as the disclosed cutting tip of US Patent No. 6217264B1, to reduce contacting of smear metal and cutting tip, reduced cutting temperature.But the corrugated curved surface of its blade is too level and smooth, and in some light cut occasions, the chip-breaker of this class formation can not be realized smear metal is effectively controlled.
Another kind of is that sharp anterior angle is set, and designing little chip breaker near the point of a knife position, this kind structure has reduced the contact area of smear metal and rake face, reduces friction, effectively controlled cutting temperature, to chip-flowing also to some extent control, little feeding adds chip breaking in man-hour effect and also increases, but this kind structure, because it is larger to be subject to resistance in the chip flow process, chip removal ability is relatively relatively poor, and easy Integrated Chip, affects converted products quality and blade service life.Just adopt said structure such as the disclosed cutting tip of Chinese patent CN101695761A, with the plane transition, can not avoid the friction between smear metal and the transition plane fully between the chip breaker of its cutting tip, so can not effectively control cutting temperature.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of for soft metal materials processing polygon cutting tip, it can effectively control shape and the flow direction of smear metal, the minimizing smear metal contacts with the blade upper surface, reduce cutting temperature, effectively control sticks bits, twines bits and Integrated Chip phenomenon simultaneously.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of polygon cutting tip for soft metal materials processing, blade body is by upper surface 1, taper seat 7 formations that lower surface 2 is connected with side surface and is connected side surface, locating hole 3 is positioned at the center of blade body geometry, cutting unit is distributed in two adjacent side angles, described cutting unit comprises the rake face 8 that upper surface 1 is recessed to form to lower surface 2, rake face 8 intersects the main cutting edge 5 that forms with taper seat 7, rake face 8 intersects the side cutting edge 14 that forms with side surface 4, it is characterized in that: described cutting unit also comprise from rake face 8 along angular bisector BI to locating hole 3 chip faces 11 of the smooth connection depression of extending successively, at least two group intervals arrange, across the convex surface 9 of the symmetrical projection of angular bisector BI with connect the ridge peak curved surface 10 of respectively organizing convex surface 9, the described convex surface 9 of respectively organizing passes through the 12 smooth transition of transition circle cambered surface with each ridge peak curved surface 10, forms the fan-shaped wavy curved surface that begins from chip face 11.
Described two groups with upper convex surface 9 and connect ridge peak curved surface 10 distribution rules respectively organize convex surface 9 and be: first group of convex surface 9a is from chip face 11 projections, the first ridge peak curved surface 10a extends along angular bisector BI projection from first group of convex surface 9a rear surface, second group of convex surface 9b is across on the first ridge peak curved surface 10a, the second ridge peak curved surface 10b extends along angular bisector BI projection from second group of convex surface 9b rear surface, successively, many group convex surfaces 9 are wavy distribution from chip face to the center positioning hole direction, every group of convex surface and angular bisector BI form acute angle η, and η is 50 °~75 °.
The width k of described chip face 11 is 0.3mm~0.6mm, length m is 0.4mm~1.2mm, chip face 11 for the plane and with lower surface 2 formed virtual acute angle theta be 12 °~22 °, chip face 11 is by arc-shaped transitional surface 12 and rake face 8 smooth transition, the virtual intersection of chip face 11 and rake face 8 is 0.15mm~0.85mm to the nearest horizontal range d of main cutting edge 5 peaks, and vertical range h is 0.05mm~0.35mm recently.
Convex surface 9 spatial forms are the semi-cylindrical that raises up, each radius of organizing convex surface 9 increases progressively in R0.15mm~R1.8mm scope to center positioning hole direction 9a, 9b, 9c successively from main cutting edge, and described first group of convex surface 9a is 0.5mm~0.9mm to the vertical range s of side cutting edge 14.
The peak of every group of convex surface 9 is to the vertical range f of chip face 11, and namely f1, f2, f3 increase progressively in 0.05mm~0.6mm scope to the center positioning hole direction successively from main cutting edge.
The spatial form of described each ridge peak curved surface 10 is the half cone-shaped that raises up, and the radius of described half cone-shaped increases to the center positioning hole direction from point of a knife gradually along angular bisector.
The rake face 8 at adjacent side cutting edge 14 places is 120 °~160 ° with the volume bits angle ω that convex surface 9 forms.
Rake face 8 is the anterior angle of blade with the virtual sharp angle α that lower surface 2 forms, side surface 4 is the relief angle of blade with the virtual acute angles beta of the central axis C E formation of blade locating hole 3, side cutting edge 14 near main cutting edge 5 is the cutting edge inclination of blade with lower surface 2 formed virtual acute angle λ s, when anterior angle α be 19 °~25 °, when relief angle β is 5 °~11 °, cutting edge inclination λ s is 5 °~12 °.
Described main cutting edge 5 is higher than side cutting edge 14, is the space multistory curve distribution.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: be used for the guiding smear metal rake face, chip face, organize convex surface, a plurality of ridges peak curved surface, arc-shaped transitional surface more and form that smooth waveform is led, chip discharging structure, make smear metal naturally curling after chip face, arc-shaped transitional surface and convex surface guiding, fracture, be directed smoothly, discharge machining area.Chip face guarantees that chip-flowing is smooth and easy, to improve the Integrated Chip phenomenon.Many group convex surfaces along the angular bisector of polygon blade two adjacent side angles from main cutting edge to the wavy distribution of center positioning hole direction, arc-shaped transitional surface connects convex surface and ridge peak curved surface and undulate and is distributed in the convex surface periphery, can reduce contacting of smear metal and blade upper surface, thereby reduce the friction of smear metal and blade upper surface, effectively reduce cutting temperature, improve glutinous bits phenomenon, prolonged cutting-tool's used life.The interlude of adjacent two convex surfaces is connected with ridge peak curved surface and arc-shaped transitional surface, this ridge peak curved surface can make the smear metal nature to the curved surface both sides deflection of ridge peak, being conducive to smear metal discharges from the blade both sides smoothly, and arc-shaped transitional surface dust lead ability is strong, avoid smear metal to drop on processed surface of the work, thereby improve crudy.
In a word, the present invention can effectively control shape and the flow direction of smear metal, reduces smear metal and contacts with the upper surface of blade, reduces cutting temperature, effectively controls simultaneously glutinous bits, twines bits and Integrated Chip phenomenon, is applicable to the processing of soft material.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the stereogram of polygon cutting tip of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the front view of polygon cutting tip of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the G section enlarged drawing of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the A-A profile of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the H section enlarged drawing of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the H-H profile of Fig. 2;
Fig. 7 is that the V of Fig. 2 is to view;
Each label represents among the figure;
1 upper surface, 2 lower surfaces
3 locating holes, 4 side surfaces
5 main cutting edges, 7 taper seats
8 rake faces, 9 convex surfaces
10 ridge peak curved surface 11 chip faces
12 arc-shaped transitional surfaces, 14 side cutting edges
The specific embodiment
In order to make technical problem solved by the invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of polygon cutting tip for soft material processing provided by the invention, shown in accompanying drawing 1-7, described polygon cutting tip is the quadrangle blade, blade body is by upper surface 1, taper seat 7 formations that lower surface 2 is connected with side surface and is connected side surface, locating hole 3 is positioned at the center of blade body geometry, cutting unit is distributed in two adjacent side angles, described cutting unit comprises the rake face 8 that upper surface 1 is recessed to form to lower surface 2, rake face 8 intersects the main cutting edge 5 that forms with taper seat 7, rake face 8 intersects the side cutting edge 14 that forms with side surface 4, described cutting unit also comprise from rake face 8 along angular bisector BI to locating hole 3 chip faces 11 of the smooth connection depression of extending successively, at least two group intervals arrange, across the convex surface 9 of the symmetrical projection of angular bisector BI with connect the ridge peak curved surface 10 of respectively organizing convex surface 9, the described convex surface 9 of respectively organizing passes through the 12 smooth transition of transition circle cambered surface with each ridge peak curved surface 10, forms the fan-shaped wavy curved surface that begins from chip face 11.
The rake face 8 that is used for the guiding smear metal, chip face 11, many group convex surfaces 9, a plurality of ridges peak curved surface 10, the fan-shaped wavy curved surface that arc-shaped transitional surface 12 forms, make smear metal through chip face 11, naturally curling after arc-shaped transitional surface 12 and convex surface 9 guiding, fracture, be directed smoothly, discharge machining area, chip face 11 guarantees that chip-flowing is smooth and easy, to improve the Integrated Chip phenomenon, ridge peak curved surface 10 can make the smear metal nature to the 10 both sides deflections of ridge peak curved surface, being conducive to smear metal discharges from the blade both sides smoothly, and arc-shaped transitional surface 12 dust lead abilities are strong, avoid smear metal to drop on processed surface of the work, thereby improve crudy.Each is organized convex surface 9 and is wavy distribution from main cutting edge to the center positioning hole direction along the angular bisector of polygon blade two adjacent side angles, arc-shaped transitional surface 12 connects convex surface 9 and ridge peak curved surface 10 and undulate and is distributed in convex surface 9 peripheries, can reduce contacting of smear metal and blade upper surface 2, thereby reduce the friction of smear metal and blade upper surface 2, effectively reduce cutting temperature, improved glutinous bits phenomenon, thereby prolongation cutting-tool's used life, especially be adapted to soft material processing, such as metal materials such as aluminiums.
Particularly, described two groups with upper convex surface 9 and the distribution rule that connects the ridge peak curved surface 10 respectively organize convex surface 9 be: first group of convex surface 9a is from chip face 11 projections, the first ridge peak curved surface 10a extends along angular bisector BI projection from first group of convex surface 9a rear surface, second group of convex surface 9b is across on the first ridge peak curved surface 10a, the second ridge peak curved surface 10b extends along angular bisector BI projection from second group of convex surface 9b rear surface, successively, many group convex surfaces 9 are wavy distribution from chip face to the center positioning hole direction, every group of convex surface 9 forms acute angle η with angular bisector BI, and η is 50 °~75 °; η is 70 ° in the present embodiment.
Above-mentioned restriction can guarantee that every group of convex surface 9 forms the ring-type that raises up towards the point of a knife direction, and first group of convex surface forms the semi-surrounding form to chip face 11, in the process of machining, smear metal is along rake face and chip face to front slide, smear metal is lifted through annular and the convex surface 9 that raises up the time, thereby realizes the curling of smear metal and fracture.
More specifically, described convex surface 9 spatial forms are the semi-cylindrical that raises up, its every group of convex surface 9, the radius that is 9a, 9b, 9c increases progressively to the center positioning hole direction successively from main cutting edge 5, the interval is R0.15mm~R1.8mm, and 9a is that R0.15mm, 9b are that R0.3mm, 9c are R0.4mm in the present embodiment.And be 0.5mm~0.9mm near first group of convex surface 9a of main cutting edge 5 to the vertical range s of side cutting edge 14, s is 0.8mm in the present embodiment.
In the above-mentioned limited range, the value of convex surface 9 radius size is mainly based on the overall ratio of blade.The scope control of s value the distance of first group of convex surface 9a and cutting edge, too small s value blade is more suitable in fine finishining, opposite excessive s value then is suitable for roughing.
The peak position of every group of convex surface 9 is to the vertical range f of chip face 11, and namely f1, f2, f3 increase progressively to the center positioning hole direction successively from main cutting edge, and f is 0.05mm~0.6mm, and f1 is that 0.06mm, f2 are that 0.17mm, f3 are 0.32mm in the present embodiment.
In the above-mentioned limited range, the f value increases progressively to the center positioning hole direction from main cutting edge 5 successively take chip face 11 as benchmark, in the process of processing, said structure can make smear metal more and more less in its volume bits angle in the process of front slide, can play a positive role to the control of cutting.
As preferred forms of the present invention, the width k of described chip face 11 is 0.3mm~0.6mm, and length m is 0.4mm~1.2mm, chip face 11 for the plane and with lower surface 2 formed virtual acute angle theta be 12 °~22 °.K is 0.3mm in the present embodiment, and m is 0.55mm, and θ is 21 °.
Above-mentioned limited range makes the chip face effect the most desirable, and angle θ crosses conference and causes chip face identical with the rake face angle, thereby loses the effect of chip face expectation, and the too small phenomenon that causes blade bonding in use easily to occur.The width of above-mentioned chip face can be determined its value in conjunction with the blade body of difformity, different sizes with the limited range of length.
Chip face 11 is by arc-shaped transitional surface 12 and rake face 8 smooth transition, and the virtual intersection of chip face 11 and rake face 8 is 0.15mm~0.85mm to the nearest horizontal range d of main cutting edge 5 peaks, and vertical range h is 0.05mm~0.35mm recently.D is 0.45mm in the present embodiment, and h is 0.21mm.
Above-mentioned limited range mainly is the space length between control chip face and the main cutting edge, and its value is excessive or too smallly all can exert an adverse impact to cutting.Cross conference and cause little cutting-in to be difficult to chip breaking, the phenomenon of too small easy appearance bonding.
Among the present invention, the spatial form of described each ridge peak curved surface 10 can be preferably half cone-shaped for the various curved surfaces that raise up, and described spatial form is that the raise up radius of half cone-shaped increases to the center positioning hole direction from point of a knife gradually along angular bisector.The above-mentioned spatial form of each ridge peak curved surface 10 can make the smear metal nature to the deflection of blade both sides.
As preferred forms of the present invention, the rake face 8 at adjacent side cutting edge 14 places is 120 °~160 ° with the volume bits angle ω that convex surface 9 forms.ω is 153 ° in the present embodiment.
As preferred forms of the present invention, described rake face 8 is the anterior angle of blade with the virtual sharp angle α that lower surface 2 forms, side surface 4 is the relief angle of blade with the virtual acute angles beta of the central axis C E formation of blade locating hole 3, side cutting edge 14 near main cutting edge 5 is the cutting edge inclination of blade with lower surface 2 formed virtual acute angle λ s, when anterior angle α be 19 °~25 °, when relief angle β is 5 °~11 °, cutting edge inclination λ s is 5 °~12 °.More preferably, in the present embodiment, anterior angle α is 25 °, and relief angle β is 7 °, and λ s is 5 °~12 °, and cutting edge inclination λ s value is 8 ° in the present embodiment.
As preferred forms, main cutting edge 5 connects into the space curve shape by side cutting edge 14, and the point midway of main cutting 5 is the highest, and its cutting edge is the space curve structure, increased the contact area of cutting edge and workpiece, be convenient to excise swimmingly workpiece material, make again point of a knife have enough intensity simultaneously, and have larger anterior angle and relief angle, make blade sharper, cut more briskly, enhance productivity, more convenient to use, flexible.
Above-described embodiment only is preferred embodiment of the present invention; should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from principle of the present invention; can also make some equivalents; except being the square, can also be parallelogram such as the basic profile of blade, rhombus; triangle; pentagon, hexagon etc., these equivalents all should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.