CN103001481A - Control method for dead time and controller with adaptive dead time - Google Patents
Control method for dead time and controller with adaptive dead time Download PDFInfo
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- CN103001481A CN103001481A CN2011102686229A CN201110268622A CN103001481A CN 103001481 A CN103001481 A CN 103001481A CN 2011102686229 A CN2011102686229 A CN 2011102686229A CN 201110268622 A CN201110268622 A CN 201110268622A CN 103001481 A CN103001481 A CN 103001481A
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Abstract
Disclosed are a control method for dead time and a controller with adaptive dead time. The controller comprises a high-side driving circuit, a low-side driving circuit, a voltage divider and a first comparator, the high-side driving circuit is powered by a boost power line and a connecting end and used for driving a high-side power switch, the low-side driving circuit is powered by an operation power line and a grounded power line and used for driving a low-side power switch, the voltage divider comprises a first voltage-dividing resistor and a second voltage-dividing resistor, one end of the first voltage-dividing resistor is coupled to a concatenation end, the other end of the first voltage-dividing resistor is coupled to the boost power line or the connecting end, the second voltage-dividing resistor is coupled between the grounded power line and the concatenation end, the voltage divider provides detection voltage at the concatenation end, the first comparator compares the detection voltage with first reference voltage when the low-side power switch is switched off, and when the detection voltage is higher than the first reference voltage, the first comparator triggers the high-side driving circuit to switch on the high-side power switch.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of switch type power supplying device, particularly relate to a kind of power supply unit with self-regulated (adaptive) dead time (dead time).
Background technology
Power supply unit provides suitable electric energy to electrical equipment, and what generally be particular about is practicality, conversion efficiency and small product size.In many frameworks, the LLC framework can be carried out zero voltage switching (zero-voltage switching), can reduce switch cost (switching loss).Simultaneously, compared to other frameworks, the LLC framework can provide the power supply of two primary currents to load end, so can have reasonable output voltage voltage regulation result in a switch periods (switch cycle).Another advantage of LLC framework is that less EMI problem is arranged, because the electric current that draws from feeder ear, the portion of energy of its high-frequency harmonic (harmonic frequency) is very little all.Therefore, begun at present to be adopted on the market.
Fig. 1 is an existing LLC framework and a LLC controller.Bridge rectifier 12 is connected to the two AC end of civil power, produces supply power voltage V in power supply line IN
IN, its value may be between 100 to 260 volts.High-side power switch (high-side power switch) 14 is connected between power supply line IN and the link VS, and low-side power switch (low-side power switch) 16 is connected between link VS and the ground power line.Two inductance 18,20 and electric capacity 22 be serially connected between link VS and the ground power line, consisted of a LC oscillating circuit.In each concussion cycle, what the inductance 24,26 of inductance coupling high just replaced powers to output loading 28.
Fig. 2 provides a signal timing diagram, from top to bottom, shows respectively voltage V
S, voltage signal V
HSG, and voltage signal V
LSGDrawing high period T
HIn, voltage signal V
HSGFor in logic 1, voltage signal V
LSGFor in logic 0, high-side power switch 14 and low-side power switch 16 are respectively short circuit and open circuit, voltage V
SCan approximate greatly supply power voltage V
INDragging down period T
LIn, high-side power switch 14 and low-side power switch 16 are respectively open circuit and short circuit, voltage V
SCan approximate greatly the 0V of earth connection voltage.Dead time T
FDBe positioned at and draw high period T
HAfterwards, drag down period T
LBefore.Dead time T
RDBe positioned at and drag down period T
LAfterwards, draw high period T
HBefore.Reach free of losses and switch the zero voltage switching of (lossless switching), dead time T
FDWith T
RDJust must suitably be controlled.
In Fig. 1, LLC controller 30 has slope detector (slope detector) 42, and it detects voltage V by electric capacity 44
SVariation, and provide relative signal to shake control circuit 40, to determine T dead time
FDWith T
RDTime span.
Summary of the invention
One embodiment of the invention disclose the control method of a kind of dead time (dead time), are applicable to a power supply unit.This power supply unit includes a high-side power switch, is coupled between a high power line and the link; One low-side power switch (low-side power switch) is coupled between this link and the ground power line.This control method includes: drive this high-side power switch with a high-end drive circuit, this high-end drive circuit is by being connected between this booster power line and this link, and the voltage difference between this booster power line and this link is approximately certain value; One voltage divider is provided, one first divider resistance and one second divider resistance, this first divider resistance has an end and is coupled to a series side, the other end is coupled to this booster power line or this link, this second divider resistance is coupled between this ground power line and this series side, and this voltage divider provides one to detect voltage in this serial connection point; Close this low-side power switch, so that the voltage of this link rises; When the voltage of this link rises, relatively should detect voltage and a reference voltage; And, when this detection voltage is higher than this reference voltage, open this high-side power switch.
One embodiment of the invention disclose a kind of controller with self-regulated (adaptive) dead time (dead time).This controller includes a high-end drive circuit, a low-side driver circuitry, a voltage divider and one first comparator.This high-end drive circuit is powered by a booster power line and a link, in order to drive a high-side power switch.This low-side driver circuitry is powered by an operating power line and a ground power line, in order to drive a low-side power switch.This voltage divider includes one first divider resistance and one second divider resistance.This first divider resistance has an end and is coupled to a series side, and the other end is coupled to this booster power line or this link.This second divider resistance is coupled between this ground power line and this series side.This voltage divider provides one to detect voltage in this series side.This first comparator when this low-side power switch is closed, relatively should detect voltage and one first reference voltage.When this detection voltage exceeded this first reference voltage, this first comparator triggered this high-end drive circuit and opens this high-side power switch.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an existing LLC framework and a LLC controller.
Fig. 2 provides a signal timing diagram, from top to bottom, shows respectively voltage V
S, voltage signal V
HSG, and voltage signal V
LSG
Fig. 3 shows a LLC controller of implementing according to the present invention.
When Fig. 4 shows the LLC controller 60 that uses Fig. 3, voltage V
S, voltage signal V
HSG, voltage signal V
LSGAnd sampled signal S
SHSequential chart.
Fig. 5 shows the sample circuit among Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 shows and implements controller another of the present invention dead time.
Fig. 7 from top to bottom sequentially shows voltage V
B, voltage V
S, voltage signal V
HSG, voltage signal V
LSGAnd sampled signal S
SHSequential chart, in order to the operation of key-drawing 6.
Fig. 8 has shown voltage divider 66 and the level translation device 42 that can be used among the embodiment.
The reference numeral explanation
12 bridge rectifiers
14 high-side power switch
16 low-side power switch
18,20 inductance
22 electric capacity
24,26 inductance
28 output loadings
30 LLC controllers
32 diodes
34 bootstrap capacitors
36 high-end drive circuits
38 low-side driver circuitry
40 concussion control circuits
42 level translation devices
44 electric capacity
60 LLC controllers
62 concussion control circuits
64 dead time resolver
66 voltage dividers
67 sample circuits
68,70 comparators
72,74,76 divider resistances
80 dead time controller
82 nmos pass transistors
DH, DL series side
I
HDCurrent signal
IN power supply line
S
LTriggering signal
S
SHSampled signal
T
FDDead time
T
HDraw high the period
T
LDrag down the period
T
RDDead time
V
BVoltage
VB booster power line
V
BTMReference voltage
V
BTM1Reference voltage
V
BTM2Reference voltage
V
DDVoltage
VDD operating power line
V
DH, V
DLDetect voltage
V
HDVoltage signal
V
HSGVoltage signal
V
INSupply power voltage
V
LSGVoltage signal
The VS link
V
SVoltage
V
TOPReference voltage
V
TOP1Reference voltage
V
TOP2Reference voltage
Embodiment
Fig. 3 shows the LLC controller 60 of implementing according to the present invention, and it has high-end drive circuit 36, low-side driver circuitry 38, level translation device 42, concussion control circuit 62 and resolver dead time (dead-time controller) 64.LLC controller 60 can replace the LLC controller 30 among Fig. 1, controls the LCC framework.Between the LLC controller 60 of Fig. 3 and the LLC controller 30 of Fig. 1, the element with identical symbol is to have identical or the element of similar functions, for those skilled in the art can know by inference, is not repeated.
Dead time, controller 64 had voltage divider (voltage divider) 66, sample circuit 67 and comparator 68 and 70.Voltage divider 66 has divider resistance 72,74 and 76, via series side DH and DL, is serially connected with between link VS and the ground power line.Series side DH and DL provide respectively and detect voltage V
DHAnd V
DLFrom circuit as can be known, the voltage V of link VS
SGreater than detecting voltage V
DH, detect voltage V
DHGreater than detecting voltage V
DLVoltage V
S, detect voltage V
DH, and detect voltage V
DLBetween proportionate relationship, approximately fixing.
Fig. 4 shows when the LLC controller 60 of Fig. 3 is used in the LLC framework of Fig. 1, voltage V
S, voltage signal V
HSG, voltage signal V
LSGAnd sampled signal S
SHSequential chart.Please also refer to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.
When sample circuit 67 is opened high-side power switch 14 at high-end drive circuit 36, can receive sampled signal S
SH, to the detection voltage V on the DL of series side
DLTake a sample, in order to upgrade reference voltage V
TOPAs shown in Figure 4, when high-side power switch 14, the voltage V of link VS
SSupply power voltage V no better than power supply line IN
INSo,, reference voltage V
TOPCorrespond in fact supply power voltage V
IN
When low-side driver circuitry 38 is closed low-side power switch 16 at the beginning, just begin to enter T dead time
RDAt this moment, the inductance in the oscillating circuit can begin charging to link VS, raises voltage V
S, detect voltage V
DHAnd V
DLIf detect voltage V
DHExceed reference voltage V
TOP, also just mean the voltage V of link VS
SExceeded reference voltage V
TOPCorresponding reference voltage V
TOP1, voltage V
SAlmost very near supply power voltage V
IN, can carry out zero voltage switching.At this moment, comparator 68 provides triggering signal S
H, by concussion control circuit 62 and level translation device 42, make high-end drive circuit 36 open high-side power switch 14.For instance, divider resistance 76 and 74 resistance value ratio can approximately be 9: 1.So, reference voltage V
TOP1Large appointment is supply power voltage V
IN90%.
Similarly, when high-end drive circuit 36 is closed high-side power switch 14 at the beginning, just begin to enter T dead time
FDAt this moment, the inductance in the oscillating circuit can begin discharge to link VS, drags down voltage V
S, detect voltage V
DHAnd V
DLIf detect voltage V
DHBe lower than reference voltage V
BTM, then can assert the at this moment voltage V of link VS
SBe lower than reference voltage V
BTMCorresponding reference voltage V
BTM1, can carry out zero voltage switching.At this moment, comparator 70 provides triggering signal S
L, by concussion control circuit 62, make low-side driver circuitry 38 open low-side power switch 16.In one embodiment, reference voltage V
BTM1A value near 0V, such as 0.5V.
As mentioned above, dead time, controller 64 can be automatically at voltage V
SVery near supply power voltage V
INThe time, high-side power switch 14 is opened; Or at voltage V
SDuring very near 0V, low-side power switch 16 is opened.Therefore, dead time T
FDWith T
RDCan be for the difference of load, and certainly transfer to appropriate length, reach zero voltage switching.
In one embodiment, concussion control circuit 62 provides minimum control dead time (minimum dead-time control), makes T dead time
FDWith T
RDAt least be not shorter than a preset value.
Fig. 5 shows the sample circuit 67 among Fig. 4, and it operates in principle can be understood by those skilled in the art, is not repeated.
Fig. 6 shows and implements controller 80 another of the present invention dead time, can replace the resolver 64 dead time among Fig. 3.Fig. 7 from top to bottom sequentially shows voltage V
B, voltage V
S, voltage signal V
HSG, voltage signal V
LSGAnd sampled signal S
SHSequential chart, in order to the operation of key-drawing 6.
Different from the resolver 64 dead time among Fig. 3, the voltage divider 66 in the dead time controller 80 is connected between booster power line VB and the ground power line.Therefore, in this embodiment, the detection voltage V on series side DH and the DL
DHAnd V
DLCorrespond to regularly haply the voltage V of booster power line VB
BAlthough that comparator 68 compares is reference voltage V
TOPWith detection voltage V
DH, compared instantly voltage V but be equal to
BAnd the reference voltage V among Fig. 7
TOP2 Comparator 68 is at voltage V
BExceed reference voltage V
TOP2The time, trigger making high-end drive circuit 36 open high-side power switch 14.Similarly, comparator 70 is at voltage V
BExceed the reference voltage V among Fig. 7
BTM2The time, trigger making low-side driver circuitry 38 open low-side power switch 16.So, also can reach zero voltage switching.
Among the embodiment that formerly introduces, the high voltage input terminal of voltage divider 66 is not to be connected to booster power line VB, is exactly link VS, and these two ends all are the power ends that belongs to high-end drive circuit 36 power supplies.Yet, choose end as long as the high voltage input terminal of voltage divider 66 is connected to one, and this voltage of choosing end can be with voltage V
BOr voltage V
S-Change, can be as embodiments of the invention.Fig. 8 has shown voltage divider 66 and the level translation device 42 that can be used among the embodiment.Level translation device 42 can will belong to the voltage signal V of low-voltage
HD, by nmos pass transistor 82 and by the current mirror that the PMOS transistor consists of, convert current signal I to
HD, be sent to high-end drive circuit 36.The high voltage input of voltage divider 66 is connected to the drain electrode end (drain) of nmos pass transistor 82.Can learn that from circuit analysis the drain terminal voltage of nmos pass transistor 82 can be along with voltage V
BAnd change, large appointment is V
B-V
THP, V wherein
THPBe the transistorized threshold voltage of PMOS (threshold voltage).
In Fig. 8, nmos pass transistor 82 must be a high pressure resistant element, must tolerate the voltage that reaches more than 200 volts at least.So when realizing with integrated circuit, its drain electrode end will take sizable silicon area (silicon area).Divider resistance 72 in the voltage divider 66,74 and 76 can be formed on the shared area of nmos pass transistor 82 drain electrode ends (a namely high pressure resistant end) with high impedance polysilicon (high-resistant poly-silicon).So, divider resistance 72,74 and 76 and nmos pass transistor 82 roughly enjoy same silicon area, can save cost.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equalizations of doing according to claim of the present invention change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the control method of a dead time is applicable to a power supply unit, and this power supply unit includes a high-side power switch, be coupled between a high power line and the link, one low-side power switch is coupled between this link and the ground power line, and this control method includes:
Drive this high-side power switch with a high-end drive circuit, this high-end drive circuit is by being connected between this booster power line and this link, and the voltage difference between this booster power line and this link is approximately certain value;
One voltage divider is provided, one first divider resistance and one second divider resistance, this first divider resistance has an end and is coupled to a series side, the other end is coupled to this booster power line or this link, this second divider resistance is coupled between this ground power line and this series side, and this voltage divider provides one to detect voltage in this serial connection point;
Close this low-side power switch, so that the voltage of this link rises;
When the voltage of this link rises, relatively should detect voltage and a reference voltage; And
When this detection voltage is higher than this reference voltage, open this high-side power switch.
2. control method as claimed in claim 1,, also include:
Close this high-side power switch, so that the voltage drop of this link;
Relatively should detect voltage and one second reference voltage; And
When this detection voltage is higher than this second reference voltage, open this low-side power switch.
3. control method as claimed in claim 1 also includes:
When this high-side power switch is opened, upgrade this reference voltage.
4. control method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, this detection voltage is one first to detect voltage, this control method also includes:
Provide one second to detect voltage, be lower than this first detection voltage; And
When this first power switch is opened, upgrade this reference voltage with this second detection voltage.
5. one kind has the self-regulated controller of dead time, includes:
One high-end drive circuit is powered by a booster power line and a link, in order to drive a high-side power switch;
One low-side driver circuitry is powered by an operating power line and a ground power line, in order to drive a low-side power switch;
One voltage divider, include one first divider resistance and one second divider resistance, this first divider resistance has an end and is coupled to a series side, the other end is coupled to this booster power line or this link, this second divider resistance is coupled between this ground power line and this series side, and this voltage divider provides one to detect voltage in this series side; And
One first comparator when this low-side power switch is closed, relatively should detect voltage and one first reference voltage;
Wherein, when this detection voltage exceeded this first reference voltage, this first comparator triggered this high-end drive circuit and opens this high-side power switch.
6. control circuit as claimed in claim 5 also includes:
One second comparator relatively should detect voltage and one second reference voltage;
Wherein, when this detect voltage low during this second reference voltage, this second comparator triggers this low-side driver circuitry and opens this low-side power switch.
7. control circuit as claimed in claim 5, wherein, this detection voltage is one first to detect voltage, this voltage divider also includes one the 3rd divider resistance, be coupled between this second divider resistance and this ground power line, provide one second to detect voltage, this control circuit also includes:
One sample circuit when this first power switch is opened, upgrades this reference voltage with this second detection voltage.
8. control circuit as claimed in claim 5 also includes:
One level translation device is coupled to this high-end drive circuit, has a high pressure resistant element, has a high pressure resistant end, can tolerate 200 volts voltage;
Wherein, this first divider resistance is connected to this high pressure resistant end.
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CN112360426A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-12 | 黑龙江景宏石油设备制造有限公司 | Drilling top drive control system and method |
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