CN103001224A - Control method for regulating island light diesel micro-network frequency on basis of robust control and super-capacitor - Google Patents
Control method for regulating island light diesel micro-network frequency on basis of robust control and super-capacitor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a control method for regulating island light diesel micro-network frequency on the basis of robust control and a super-capacitor. Mathematical models of a photovoltaic system, the super-capacitor and a diesel generator system are built respectively, a robust controller is added in the diesel generator system, load changing increment is respectively acted on the photovoltaic system and the super-capacitor, and the photovoltaic system and the super-capacitor are connected in parallel to be added in the diesel generator system to supply electricity to a power system. Aiming at the light diesel hybrid power generation independent micro-network, frequency deviation is reduced through the frequency optimization control strategy of energy storage matching of the robust load frequency controller and the super-capacitor. The control method achieves output power control and maximum power tracking of the photovoltaic system, and simultaneously reduces storage capacity of an energy storage device. A simulation result shows that compared with the traditional diesel speed control strategy, the control method effectively reduces frequency deviation of an island power system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microgrid frequency optimization control, particularly a kind of based on robust control and super capacitor adjusting isolated island light bavin microgrid control method for frequency.
Background technology
Along with the paces of the industrialization of the country are accelerated and to the pay attention to day by day of environmental problem, have been accelerated the exploratory development to regenerative resource.Photovoltaic (PV) generating does not need fuel as a kind of regenerative resource, and maintenance cost is cheap, the noise and the wearing and tearing that do not have moving-member to cause, and its importance is more and more obvious.Yet it is non-constant that the output of photovoltaic generating system can be subject to sunshine, the impact of temperature and weather condition.When a large amount of photovoltaic systems was connected to electrical network, the fluctuation of power output can cause the problems such as the voltage fluctuation of electric power system and frequency departure be excessive.This requires photovoltaic system self to go to bear the task of some frequency modulation.Therefore, in the situation of photovoltaic system high permeability, must take some suitable control strategies to photovoltaic system for the reliability that keeps electric power system.
In recent years, some researchs about the output-power fluctuation of reduction regenerative resource have obtained certain achievement.Aspect photovoltaic system, use memory device (such as storage battery) to make the output of photovoltaic system become more level and smooth.Can cause the photovoltaic system cost significantly to increase but jumbo storage battery is installed under photovoltaic system, and use storage battery can bring inevitable environmental problem.There is document to propose the maximal power tracing of photovoltaic system.In order to take full advantage of the regenerative resource documents such as solar energy a kind of system coordination control strategy that is made of diesel engine generator and photovoltaic array has been proposed.Also have in addition scholar's specialized designs load resistance to consume the power of fluctuation, but this can not effectively suppress power fluctuation.
Summary of the invention
The problem of the microgrid frequency departure that the present invention be directed to the photovoltaic fluctuation and cause, proposed a kind of based on robust control and super capacitor adjusting isolated island light bavin microgrid control method for frequency, realized that output power and the maximum power of photovoltaic system catch, reduced simultaneously the memory capacity of energy storage device.Compare the frequency departure that has reduced the isolated island electric power system with traditional diesel oil strategy of speed control.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of based on robust control and super capacitor adjusting isolated island light bavin microgrid control method for frequency, specifically comprise the steps:
1) Mathematical Modeling of independent micro-grid: add the diesel generator system after photovoltaic generating system and the super capacitor parallel connection;
2) set up the photovoltaic system Mathematical Modeling:
;
Wherein
With
Respectively output current and the output voltage of solar module,
Photogenerated current,
The photocell reverse saturation current,
Electron charge,
Boltzmann constant,
Diode Ideality Factor,
The batteries in parallel connection number,
The series-connected cell number,
Photocell internal resistance electric current,
That temperature exists
The time saturation current,
The temperature of photovoltaic array,
Reference temperature,
That material is crossed over energy rank institute energy requirement,
The short circuit current temperature coefficient,
The short circuit current of solar module,
Intensity of sunshine,
It is the solar module internal resistance;
3) set up super capacitor in the microgrid, its model satisfies equation:
Wherein, Ns is the serializer number of packages, and Np is the parallel branch number;
Frequency departure increment (Hz);
It is controller exporting change increment;
That the controller increment changes (P.u. MW);
That the integral controller increment changes;
Load variations,
Be robust controller;
5) in order to regulate the diesel engine generator power output, the design robust controller satisfies
, wherein the Riccati equation is satisfied in the state feedback gain, calculates
6) calculated load increments of change,
, integrating range wherein
, the speed of load variations can by
Embody,
As the input variable of the super capacitor in photovoltaic system and the microgrid, even if the power output of photovoltaic system and super capacitor is in time adjusted in the variation of follow load;
7) output of photovoltaic system and super capacitor outputs to electric power system jointly in conjunction with the diesel generator with robust controller.
In the described step 4)
, wherein
Controller time constant (s); R is controller speed governing coefficient.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention is based on robust control and super capacitor and regulate isolated island light bavin microgrid control method for frequency, independent micro-grid for light bavin mixed power generation, by the frequency optimization control strategy that uses robust Load-frequency Controllers and super capacitor stored energy to cooperate, to reduce frequency departure.The method has realized that the output power of photovoltaic system and maximum power catch, and reduces simultaneously the memory capacity of energy storage device.Simulation result shows, compares with traditional diesel oil strategy of speed control, and method in this paper has effectively reduced the frequency departure of isolated island electric power system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural model figure of the present invention's mixing independent micro-grid;
Fig. 2 is the dynamic model figure of independent micro-grid of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is load power figure of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is intensity of sunshine figure of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is frequency change figure of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is diesel engine power output figure of the present invention;
Frequency variation diagram when Fig. 7 is the independent applied load frequency of the present invention robust controller;
Diesel engine power output figure when Fig. 8 is the independent applied load frequency of the present invention robust controller;
Fig. 9 is the present invention's frequency variation diagram when using super capacitor separately;
Figure 10 is the present invention diesel engine power output figure when using super capacitor separately;
Figure 11 is robust controller of the present invention and super capacitor frequency variation diagram when using simultaneously;
Figure 12 is robust controller of the present invention and super capacitor diesel engine power output figure when using simultaneously;
Figure 13 is the present invention's frequency variation diagram when using low capacity super capacitor and LOAD FREQUENCY robust controller.
Embodiment
One, consider the Mathematical Modeling of the independent micro-grid of energy mix access:
Mainly comprise photovoltaic generating system in the independent micro-grid, diesel engine system and super capacitor mixed power supply system mix the structural model figure of independent micro-grid as shown in Figure 1, and adding the diesel generator system after photovoltaic generating system and the super capacitor parallel connection is load supplying.
Solar module is significant to design inverter and control system, the saturation current of the conventional I of solar module-V characteristic, solar module
Temperature variant situation, photocell internal resistance electric current can be by following equation expressions:
Wherein
With
Respectively output current and the output voltage of solar module,
Photogenerated current,
The photocell reverse saturation current,
Electron charge,
Boltzmann constant,
Diode Ideality Factor,
The batteries in parallel connection number,
The series-connected cell number,
Photocell internal resistance electric current,
That temperature exists
The time saturation current,
The temperature of photovoltaic array,
Reference temperature,
That material is crossed over energy rank institute energy requirement,
The short circuit current temperature coefficient,
The short circuit current of solar module,
Intensity of sunshine,
It is the solar module internal resistance.The power output of photovoltaic can be drawn by following formula:
In the independent micro-grid, the ultracapacitor model simplification is the cascaded structure of ideal capacitor and equivalent series internal resistance, the RC equivalent model is simple in structure, can reflect more exactly the external electric characteristic of ultracapacitor in charge and discharge process, and device parallel connection or series connection can not affected its characteristic.Therefore, the equivalent electric circuit of super capacitor group also can be approximated to be reinforced concrete structure, its equivalent series internal resistance Rarray
The equivalent capacity of bank of super capacitors is:
Wherein, Ns is the serializer number of packages, and Np is the parallel branch number.
Diesel generating system, set up Mathematical Modeling and satisfy:
,
Wherein:
Frequency departure increment (Hz);
It is controller exporting change increment;
That the controller increment changes (P.u. MW);
That the integral controller increment changes;
Load variations (P.u. MW);
Controller time constant (s);
Time constant (s);
System time constant (s);
It is system gain; R is controller speed governing coefficient (Hz p.u.MW
-1);
It is the integral control gain.
Two, the design principle of the independent micro-grid frequency optimization control based on super capacitor and robust control of the present invention: proposed a kind of based on super capacitor energy-storage and robust controller regulate the frequency optimization control strategy of light bavin hybrid system.
In order to design the robust controller of diesel engine, the state equation that model comprises diesel generating system, load and frequency departure satisfies
In order to regulate the diesel engine generator power output, the design robust controller satisfies:
Wherein the Riccati equation is satisfied in the state feedback gain, calculates
Calculate simultaneously the changing value of loading in the microgrid
Based on the output reference power order of the variation design photovoltaic of load and the output reference command of super capacitor, the dynamic model figure of independent micro-grid as shown in Figure 2 can reduce the capacity of super capacitor by strategy in this paper.Emulation has proved that control strategy in this paper is effective.
Three, the method for designing of controlling based on the independent micro-grid frequency optimization of super capacitor and robust control of the present invention, the method for designing of the independent micro-grid frequency controller of the energy mix access that proposes, after the Mathematical Modeling of having set up the light bavin electricity generation system in the microgrid, carry out according to the following step:
1) sets up the photovoltaic system Mathematical Modeling
,
2) set up super capacitor in the microgrid, its model satisfies equation
4) in order to regulate the diesel engine generator power output, the design robust controller satisfies
, wherein the Riccati equation is satisfied in the state feedback gain.
5) calculated load increments of change,
, integrating range wherein
, the speed of load variations can by
Embody.Even if the power output of PV and super capacitor is in time adjusted in the variation that it can follow load.
6) based on the load variations amount, design respectively the power output reference value of photovoltaic system and super capacitor, regulate in conjunction with the Robust Control Law of design, not only can reduce the frequency departure of microgrid, also reduced the capacity of super capacitor.
Four, sample calculation analysis: will verify by simulation result the validity of the control strategy that proposes in the present invention.In the independent micro-grid that carries out emulation experiment, the photovoltaic array that to comprise 10 rated output powers be 225kW, namely the total specified power output of photovoltaic is 2.5MW.Contrast the method for the present invention's proposition and the effect of conventional method by three kinds of situations.In the first situation, electric power system is not installed super capacitor and is increased compensation LOAD FREQUENCY robust controller.In the second situation, the method that this paper proposes represents in the second situation.At last, the situation that reduces the super capacitor capacity once has been discussed.
1) example 1
In this example, independent micro-grid is traditional light bavin complementary system, and photovoltaic system adopts traditional mppt control strategy, and diesel generating system carries out primary frequency modulation according to the variation of load and frequency in the microgrid automatically by governing system.Wherein Fig. 3 is the load power in the microgrid
, Fig. 4 is the intensity of sunshine in the microgrid
Fig. 5-6 is under traditional control strategy pattern, the frequency departure of independent micro-grid that the present invention studies
Power output with diesel engine generator
The fluctuation that can find out load in the time of 700 to 1000 seconds is very large, and corresponding frequency change also is very large, and frequency departure has surpassed
The requirement of actual working condition of HZ.
2) example 2
In this example, in the complementary microgrid of independent light bavin, when the robust controller that has increased separately respectively the present invention's design is regulated and super capacitor energy-storage device emulation effect.
Fig. 7-the 8th, the frequency change of microgrid and the power output of diesel engine under the robust controller of the present invention's design is regulated.Fig. 9-10 is in the frequency change that increases microgrid under the adjusting of super capacitor energy-storage equipment and the power output of diesel engine.Can find out that two kinds of Compensation Strategies can be so that the frequency departure of the complementary independent micro-grid of light bavin reaches satisfied effect.
3) example 3
In this example, in the complementary microgrid of independent light bavin, when the robust controller that has increased simultaneously the present invention's design is regulated and super capacitor energy-storage device emulation effect, and reduce simulated effect behind the capacity of super capacitor.
Figure 11-the 12nd, the frequency departure of microgrid and the power output of diesel engine generator under robust controller and the common regulating action of super capacitor, Figure 13 is the frequency departure that reduces microgrid under the super capacitor of capacity and the common regulating action of robust controller.
Because the cost of super capacitor is very expensive, so will reduce as much as possible its capacity.Can find out that from Fig. 9 and Figure 13 applied load frequency robust controller can reduce the capacity of super capacitor, so the LOAD FREQUENCY robust controller that the present invention proposes is very important.
Claims (5)
1. regulate isolated island light bavin microgrid control method for frequency based on robust control and super capacitor for one kind, it is characterized in that, specifically comprise the steps:
1) Mathematical Modeling of independent micro-grid: add the diesel generator system after photovoltaic generating system and the super capacitor parallel connection;
2) set up the photovoltaic system Mathematical Modeling:
,
Wherein
With
Respectively output current and the output voltage of solar module,
Photogenerated current,
The photocell reverse saturation current,
Electron charge,
Boltzmann constant,
Diode Ideality Factor,
The batteries in parallel connection number,
The series-connected cell number,
Photocell internal resistance electric current,
That temperature exists
The time saturation current,
The temperature of photovoltaic array,
Reference temperature,
That material is crossed over energy rank institute energy requirement,
The short circuit current temperature coefficient,
The short circuit current of solar module,
Intensity of sunshine,
It is the solar module internal resistance;
3) set up super capacitor in the microgrid, its model satisfies equation:
Wherein, Ns is the serializer number of packages, and Np is the parallel branch number;
?,
Frequency departure increment (Hz);
It is controller exporting change increment;
That the controller increment changes (P.u. MW);
That the integral controller increment changes;
Load variations,
Be robust controller;
5) in order to regulate the diesel engine generator power output, the design robust controller satisfies
, wherein the Riccati equation is satisfied in the state feedback gain, calculates
6) calculated load increments of change,
, integrating range wherein
, the speed of load variations can by
Embody,
As the input variable of the super capacitor in photovoltaic system and the microgrid, even if the power output of photovoltaic system and super capacitor is in time adjusted in the variation of follow load;
7) output of photovoltaic system and super capacitor outputs to electric power system jointly in conjunction with the diesel generator with robust controller.
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CN103457281A (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2013-12-18 | 国家电网公司 | Coordination control method capable of enabling super-capacitor energy storage system to participate in electric power primary frequency modulation |
CN103825279A (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-05-28 | 华南理工大学 | Micro-grid system voltage stability control method based on robust control |
CN106208116A (en) * | 2016-08-20 | 2016-12-07 | 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | The device and method of its system inertia is increased during microgrid isolated power grid |
CN107065521A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-08-18 | 上海致远绿色能源股份有限公司 | A kind of self-adaptation control method for the rectifier for accessing oil machine |
CN109412201A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-03-01 | 浙江工业大学 | The control method of optimal energy management between a kind of micro- source and supercapacitor |
CN113131516A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-16 | 国家能源费县发电有限公司 | Method for energy management and coordination control strategy of light storage diesel island micro-grid system |
CN114204598A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-18 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司南通供电分公司 | Island microgrid stability control method considering flexible load participation regulation and control |
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CN103457281A (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2013-12-18 | 国家电网公司 | Coordination control method capable of enabling super-capacitor energy storage system to participate in electric power primary frequency modulation |
CN103457281B (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2016-04-20 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of super capacitor energy-storage system participates in the control method for coordinating of electric power primary frequency modulation |
CN103825279A (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-05-28 | 华南理工大学 | Micro-grid system voltage stability control method based on robust control |
CN103825279B (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2015-11-04 | 华南理工大学 | Based on the micro-grid system Voltage Stability Control method of robust control |
CN106208116A (en) * | 2016-08-20 | 2016-12-07 | 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | The device and method of its system inertia is increased during microgrid isolated power grid |
CN107065521A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-08-18 | 上海致远绿色能源股份有限公司 | A kind of self-adaptation control method for the rectifier for accessing oil machine |
CN107065521B (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2020-05-26 | 上海致远绿色能源股份有限公司 | Self-adaptive control method of rectifier connected into oil engine |
CN109412201A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-03-01 | 浙江工业大学 | The control method of optimal energy management between a kind of micro- source and supercapacitor |
CN113131516A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-16 | 国家能源费县发电有限公司 | Method for energy management and coordination control strategy of light storage diesel island micro-grid system |
CN114204598A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-18 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司南通供电分公司 | Island microgrid stability control method considering flexible load participation regulation and control |
CN114204598B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2023-12-22 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司南通供电分公司 | Island micro-grid stability control method considering flexible load participation regulation and control |
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