CN102998670A - Ka-frequency-band fixed-orientation dual-polarization all-solid-state millimeter-wave cloud radar - Google Patents

Ka-frequency-band fixed-orientation dual-polarization all-solid-state millimeter-wave cloud radar Download PDF

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CN102998670A
CN102998670A CN2012104959668A CN201210495966A CN102998670A CN 102998670 A CN102998670 A CN 102998670A CN 2012104959668 A CN2012104959668 A CN 2012104959668A CN 201210495966 A CN201210495966 A CN 201210495966A CN 102998670 A CN102998670 A CN 102998670A
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power
output terminal
amplifier module
power amplifier
input end
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CN102998670B (en
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魏艳强
苏卓楠
蒋晓燕
关博
周亭亭
张哲�
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Aerospace new weather Technology Co., Ltd
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Beijing Institute of Radio Measurement
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Abstract

The invention discloses a Ka-frequency-band fixed-orientation dual-polarization all-solid-state millimeter-wave cloud radar. The millimeter-wave cloud radar comprises an all-solid-state transmitter (1), an antenna housing (5), an ortho-mode transducer (3), a dual-channel receiver (10) and the like. Output signals of the all-solid-state transmitter (1) reach an antenna (4) through a circulator (2) and the ortho-mode transducer (3) and are radiated towards the sky through the antenna housing (5); echo signals are processed by the dual-channel receiver (10), a digital receiver (11), a signal processor (12) and a display control computer (13) and provided for a far-end computer (15) through a communication system (14); a power distribution system (16) provides needed power; and test signals generated by a frequency synthesizer (9) pass through a power divider (6), a coupler A (7) and a coupler B (8) to be used for testing. According to the millimeter-wave cloud radar, a novel tool is provided for cloud observation, the size is small, the structure is simple, the reliability is high, and radar is applicable to long-time continuous observation to cloud.

Description

The all solid state millimeter wave cloud of a kind of Ka frequency range fixed directional dual polarization radar
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of millimeter wave cloud radar, particularly all solid state millimeter wave cloud of a kind of Ka frequency range fixed directional dual polarization radar.
Background technology
Existing millimeter wave cloud radar comprises: but magnetron or travelling-wave tube electrovacuum microwave tube transmitter, band servo-drive system scanning antenna, circulator, frequency synthesizer, single-channel receiver, digital receiver, signal processor, aobvious control computer, communication system, far-end computer and distribution system.Magnetron millimeter wave transmitter lifetime is short, the doppler velocity extractability is poor, and travelling-wave tube millimeter wave transmitter lifetime is short, expensive, is not suitable for the long-time continuous observation to cloud; With the antenna of servo-drive system so that radar arrangement is complicated, do not have the antenna house protection so that when precipitation is arranged radar observation be affected; Single polarization is unfavorable for the extraction of cloud information.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide all solid state millimeter wave cloud of a kind of Ka frequency range fixed directional dual polarization radar, solve that existing millimeter wave cloud radar volume is large, complex structure, reliability is low, the cloud information extraction ability weak, be unsuitable for the problem of long-time continuous observation.
The all solid state millimeter wave cloud of a kind of Ka frequency range fixed directional dual polarization radar, comprise: circulator, antenna, frequency synthesizer, digital receiver, signal processor, aobvious control computer, communication system, far-end computer and distribution system also comprise: all solid-state transmitter, antenna house, orthomode coupler, two-channel receiver, power splitter, coupling mechanism A and coupling mechanism B.Wherein, all solid-state transmitter comprises: pre-amplifier, power divider, power amplifier module A, power amplifier module B, power amplifier module C, power amplifier module D, power combiner, isolator assemblies and control testing circuit; Two-channel receiver comprises: protection switch A, low noise amplifier A, the first frequency mixer A, the second frequency mixer A, amplifier A, wave filter A, protection switch B, low noise amplifier B, the first frequency mixer B, the second frequency mixer B, amplifier B, wave filter B, a local oscillator power splitter and two local oscillator power splitters.
The output terminal of frequency synthesizer is connected with the input end of all solid-state transmitter; The output terminal of all solid-state transmitter is connected with a of circulator end; The b end of circulator is connected with orthomode coupler is two-way; Orthomode coupler is connected with antenna is two-way; The c end of circulator is connected with the input end of coupling mechanism A; The output terminal of coupling mechanism A is connected with the input end of dual channel receiver protecting switch A; Orthomode coupler is connected with the input end of coupling mechanism B; The output terminal of coupling mechanism B is connected with the input end of dual channel receiver protecting switch B; The output terminal of frequency synthesizer respectively with two-channel receiver one local oscillator power splitter with are connected the input end of local oscillator power splitter and are connected; The output terminal of frequency synthesizer is connected with the input end of power splitter; The output terminal of power splitter is connected coupled end with coupling mechanism A respectively and is connected with coupling mechanism B; The output terminal of frequency synthesizer, the output terminal of two-channel receiver are connected with the input end of digital receiver respectively; The output terminal of digital receiver is connected with the input end of signal processor; Aobvious control computer is connected with distribution system with signal processor, communication system respectively and is connected; Communication system is connected with far-end computer is two-way.The input end of pre-amplifier is connected with the output terminal of frequency synthesizer; The output terminal of pre-amplifier is connected with the input end of power divider; The output terminal of power divider is connected respectively input end and is connected with power amplifier module A, power amplifier module B, power amplifier module C and power amplifier module D; Power amplifier module A, power amplifier module B, power amplifier module C and power amplifier module D are connected output terminal and are connected with the input end of power combiner respectively; The output terminal of power combiner is connected with the input end of isolator assemblies; The output terminal of isolator assemblies is connected with a of circulator end; The control testing circuit is connected with power amplifier module D with pre-amplifier, power amplifier module A, power amplifier module B, power amplifier module C respectively and is connected, and is connected with the output terminal of isolator assemblies.The input end of protection switch A is connected with the output terminal of coupling mechanism A; Protection switch A, low noise amplifier A, the first frequency mixer A, the second frequency mixer A, amplifier A and wave filter A are in sequential series, and the output terminal of wave filter A is connected with the input end of digital receiver; The input end of protection switch B is connected with the output terminal of coupling mechanism B; Protection switch B, low noise amplifier B, the first frequency mixer B, the second frequency mixer B, amplifier B and wave filter B are in sequential series, and the output terminal of wave filter B is connected with the input end of digital receiver; The output terminal of frequency synthesizer respectively with a local oscillator power splitter with are connected the input end of local oscillator power splitter and are connected; The output terminal of one local oscillator power splitter respectively with the first frequency mixer A be connected the input end of frequency mixer B and be connected; The output terminal of two local oscillator power splitters respectively with the second frequency mixer A be connected the input end of frequency mixer B and be connected.
Low-power Ka frequency range pulse excitation signal is sent by frequency synthesizer, after all solid-state transmitter amplifies, arrives antenna by circulator, orthomode coupler, sees through antenna house, in the mode of horizontal polarization to aerial radiation.The electromagnetic wave that radiate runs into cloud, the meteorological target of rain, produces back scattering, by antenna reception, becomes the echoed signal of meteorological target.Echoed signal is divided into two-way after by orthomode coupler; one the tunnel through circulator; enter the protection switch A of two-channel receiver; another road enters the protection switch B of two-channel receiver, and the two-way echoed signal is exported intermediate-freuqncy signal respectively behind low noise amplification, twice mixing, amplification, gain control and wave filter.Then after digital receiver carries out A/D, Digital Down Convert and filtering processing, form the digital quadrature i/q signal of reflected signal intensity and phase information, be sent to again signal processor and carry out pulse compression, time domain accumulation, FFT and frequency domain signal integration processing, output power spectrum Density Distribution data.After aobvious control computer is further processed, generate echo strength, radial velocity, speed spectrum width and linear depolarization ratio data again, by communication system, offer far-end computer.Distribution system provides radar system required various power supplys.The test signal that frequency synthesizer produces enters two-channel receiver by coupling mechanism A and coupling mechanism B after power splitter is divided into two, be used for test and the calibration of receiving system channel characteristic, echo strength and speed.
The all solid state millimeter wave cloud of Ka frequency range fixed directional dual polarization radar is realized reception and the processing of dual polarization information by antenna, orthomode coupler, two-channel receiver, digital receiver, signal processor and aobvious control computer.Linear depolarization ratio is to represent that same polarization reception and orthogonal polarization receive the parameter of echo power difference condition, are expressed as:
Figure 2012104959668100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(1)
Millimeter wave cloud radar to the effective scope of detection of the linear depolarization ratio of cloud, rain target-5~-30dB between.
Antenna is the Cassegrain pattern, adopts fixed vertical to point to working method, has simplified system architecture thereby omit servo-drive system.Antenna house adopts honeycomb A interlayer, is glass-reinforced plastic material, makes antenna have all weather operations ability.
All solid-state transmitter carries out the synthetic realization of power by four road power amplifier modules.Low-power Ka frequency range pulse excitation signal is after pre-amplifier amplifies, by one minute four power divider, offering power amplifier module A, power amplifier module B, power amplifier module C and power amplifier module D amplifies, again after power combiner and isolator assemblies, the output high-power signal.The control testing circuit provides modulated pulse signal for pre-amplifier, power amplifier module A, power amplifier module B, power amplifier module C and power amplifier module D, and receives the various detection signals that pre-amplifier, power amplifier module A, power amplifier module B, power amplifier module C, power amplifier module D and isolator assemblies are sent.
The protection switch A of two-channel receiver and protection switch B avoid launching the Lou damage of power for the protection of two-channel receiver.The same polarization echoed signal is after low noise amplifier A amplifies, carry out mixing at the first frequency mixer A and a local oscillation signal, export an intermediate-freuqncy signal, one intermediate-freuqncy signal is carried out mixing at the second frequency mixer A and two local oscillation signals, export two intermediate-freuqncy signals, two intermediate-freuqncy signals are carried out amplification and AGC in amplifier A, after wave filter A filtering, output same polarization intermediate-freuqncy signal is to digital receiver.The orthogonal polarization echoed signal is after low noise amplifier B amplifies, carry out mixing at the first frequency mixer B and a local oscillation signal, export an intermediate-freuqncy signal, one intermediate-freuqncy signal is carried out mixing at the second frequency mixer B and two local oscillation signals, export two intermediate-freuqncy signals, two intermediate-freuqncy signals are carried out amplification and AGC in amplifier B, after wave filter B filtering, output orthogonal polarization intermediate-freuqncy signal is to digital receiver.The local oscillation signal that one local oscillator power splitter is sent frequency synthesizer here rear the first frequency mixer A and the first frequency mixer B of giving respectively that be divided into two.Two local oscillation signals that two local oscillator power splitters are sent frequency synthesizer here rear the second frequency mixer A and the second frequency mixer B of giving respectively that be divided into two.
The present invention compares with existing millimeter wave cloud radar, and transmitter peak power is lower, and is main by all solid state, the high duty ratio millimeter wave transmitter of employing, heavy caliber, high-gain Cassegrain antenna, and pulse compression and pulse accumulation technology improve the detection power.
The present invention can obtain the linear depolarization ratio information of cloud, rain target, can better reflect meteorological target shape, phase and spatial orientation feature; Adopt Cassegrain antenna, effectively reduce the radar system loss, improve and survey power; Adopt the fixed directional working method to reduce system complexity, improved reliability; Antenna house makes radar system have all weather operations ability, guarantees the observation data quality; Adopt all solid-state transmitter, volume is little, lightweight, environmental suitability is strong, suitable long time continuous working, and operating cost is low.The present invention can be widely used in cloud automatic Observation, weather modification, aviation meteorological support, military meteorological support field.
Description of drawings
The all solid state millimeter wave cloud of a kind of Ka frequency range of Fig. 1 fixed directional dual polarization radar synoptic diagram.
The all solid-state transmitter synoptic diagram of all solid state millimeter wave cloud of a kind of Ka frequency range of Fig. 2 fixed directional dual polarization radar.
The two-channel receiver synoptic diagram of all solid state millimeter wave cloud of a kind of Ka frequency range of Fig. 3 fixed directional dual polarization radar.
1. all solid-state transmitter, , , 2. circulator, , , 3. orthomode coupler, , 4. antenna, , , 5. antenna house, , 6. power splitter, 7. coupler A, 8. coupler B, 9. frequency synthesizer, 10. two-channel receiver, 11. digital receiver, 12. signal processor, 13. aobvious control computer, 14. communication system, 15. far-end computer, 16. distribution system, 17. pre-amplifier, 18. power divider, 19. power amplifier module A, , , 20. power amplifier module B, , 21. power amplifier module C, , 22. power amplifier module D, 23. power combiner, , 24. isolator assemblies, , 25. control testing circuit, , 26. protection switch A, , 27. low-noise amplifier A, 28. the first frequency mixer A, , , 29. the second frequency mixer A, , , 30. amplifier A, , , 31. wave filter A, , 32. protection switch B, 33. low-noise amplifier B, , 34. the first frequency mixer B, , 35. the second frequency mixer B, , 36. amplifier B, , 37. wave filter B, a 38. local oscillator power splitter, , 39. two local oscillator power splitters.
Embodiment
The all solid state millimeter wave cloud of a kind of Ka frequency range fixed directional dual polarization radar, comprise: circulator 2, antenna 4, frequency synthesizer 9, digital receiver 11, signal processor 12, aobvious control computer 13, communication system 14, far-end computer 15 and distribution system 16 also comprise: all solid-state transmitter 1, antenna house 5, orthomode coupler 3, two-channel receiver 10, power splitter 6, coupling mechanism A 7 and coupling mechanism B 8.Wherein, all solid-state transmitter 1 comprises: pre-amplifier 17, power divider 18, power amplifier module A 19, power amplifier module B 20, power amplifier module C 21, power amplifier module D 22, power combiner 23, isolator assemblies 24 and control testing circuit 25; Two-channel receiver 10 comprises: protection switch A 26, low noise amplifier A 27, the first frequency mixer A 28, the second frequency mixer A 29, amplifier A 30, wave filter A 31, protection switch B 32, low noise amplifier B 33, the first frequency mixer B 34, the second frequency mixer B 35, amplifier B 36, wave filter B 37, a local oscillator power splitter 38 and two local oscillator power splitters 39.
The output terminal of frequency synthesizer 9 is connected with the input end of all solid-state transmitter 1; The output terminal of all solid-state transmitter 1 is connected with a end of circulator 2; B end and 3 two-way connections of orthomode coupler of circulator 2; Orthomode coupler 3 and 4 two-way connections of antenna; The c end of circulator 2 is connected with the input end of coupling mechanism A 7; The output terminal of coupling mechanism A 7 is connected with the input end of two-channel receiver 10 protection switch A 26; Orthomode coupler 3 is connected with the input end of coupling mechanism B 8; The output terminal of coupling mechanism B 8 is connected with the input end of two-channel receiver 10 protection switch B 32; The output terminal of frequency synthesizer 9 respectively with two-channel receiver 10 1 local oscillator power splitters 38 with are connected the input end of local oscillator power splitter 39 and are connected; The output terminal of frequency synthesizer 9 is connected with the input end of power splitter 6; The output terminal of power splitter 6 is connected with the coupled end that coupling mechanism A 7 is connected with coupling mechanism B respectively; The output terminal of the output terminal of frequency synthesizer 9, two-channel receiver 10 is connected with the input end of digital receiver 11 respectively; The output terminal of digital receiver 11 is connected with the input end of signal processor 12; Aobvious control computer 13 is connected two-way the connection with distribution system with signal processor 12, communication system 14 respectively; Communication system 14 and 15 two-way connections of far-end computer.The input end of all solid-state transmitter 1 pre-amplifier 17 is connected with the output terminal of frequency synthesizer 9; The output terminal of pre-amplifier 17 is connected with the input end of power divider 18; The output terminal of power divider 18 is connected with power amplifier module A 19, power amplifier module B 20, power amplifier module C 21 and the input end that power amplifier module D is connected respectively; The output terminal that power amplifier module A 19, power amplifier module B 20, power amplifier module C 21 and power amplifier module D are connected is connected with the input end of power combiner 23 respectively; The output terminal of power combiner 23 is connected with the input end of isolator assemblies 24; The output terminal of isolator assemblies 24 is connected with a end of circulator 2; Control testing circuit 25 is connected two-way the connection with pre-amplifier 17, power amplifier module A 19, power amplifier module B 20, power amplifier module C 21 and power amplifier module D respectively, is connected with the output terminal of isolator assemblies 24.The input end of protection switch A 26 is connected with the output terminal of coupling mechanism A 7; Protection switch A 26, low noise amplifier A 27, the first frequency mixer A 28, the second frequency mixer A 29, amplifier A 30 and wave filter A 31 are in sequential series, and the output terminal of wave filter A 31 is connected with the input end of digital receiver 11; The input end of protection switch B 32 is connected with the output terminal of coupling mechanism B 8; Protection switch B 32, low noise amplifier B 33, the first frequency mixer B 34, the second frequency mixer B 35, amplifier B 36 and wave filter B 37 are in sequential series, and the output terminal of wave filter B 37 is connected with the input end of digital receiver 11; The output terminal of frequency synthesizer 9 respectively with a local oscillator power splitter 38 with are connected the input end of local oscillator power splitter 39 and are connected; The output terminal of one local oscillator power splitter 38 respectively with the first frequency mixer A 28 be connected the input end of frequency mixer B 34 and be connected; The output terminal of two local oscillator power splitters 39 respectively with the second frequency mixer A 29 be connected the input end of frequency mixer B 35 and be connected.
Low-power Ka frequency range pulse excitation signal is sent by frequency synthesizer 9, after all solid-state transmitter 1 amplifies, arrives antennas 4 by circulator 2, orthomode coupler 3, sees through antenna house 5, in the mode of horizontal polarization to aerial radiation.The electromagnetic wave that radiate runs into cloud, the meteorological target of rain, produces back scattering, is received by antenna 5, becomes the echoed signal of meteorological target.Echoed signal is divided into two-way after by orthomode coupler 3; one the tunnel through circulator 2; enter the protection switch A 26 of two-channel receiver 10; another road enters the protection switch B 32 of two-channel receiver 10, and the two-way echoed signal is exported intermediate-freuqncy signal respectively behind low noise amplification, twice mixing, amplification, gain control and wave filter.Then after digital receiver 11 carries out A/D, Digital Down Convert and filtering processing, form the digital quadrature i/q signal of reflected signal intensity and phase information, be sent to again signal processor 12 and carry out pulse compression, time domain accumulation, FFT and frequency domain signal integration processing, output power spectrum Density Distribution data.After aobvious control computer 13 is further processed, generate echo strength, radial velocity, speed spectrum width and linear depolarization ratio data again, by communication system 14, offer far-end computer 15.Distribution system 16 provides radar system required various power supplys, and can add outage control by aobvious control computer 13.The test signal that frequency synthesizer 9 produces enters two-channel receiver 10 by coupling mechanism A 7 and coupling mechanism B 8 after power splitter 6 is divided into two, be used for test and the calibration of receiving system channel characteristic, echo strength and speed.
The all solid state millimeter wave cloud of Ka frequency range fixed directional dual polarization radar is realized reception and the processing of dual polarization information by antenna 4, orthomode coupler 3, two-channel receiver 10, digital receiver 11, signal processor 12 and aobvious control computer 13.Linear depolarization ratio is to represent that same polarization reception and orthogonal polarization receive the parameter of echo power difference condition, and it can be expressed as:
Figure 150138DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(1)
Millimeter wave cloud radar to the effective scope of detection of the linear depolarization ratio of cloud, rain target-5~-30dB between.
Antenna 4 is the Cassegrain pattern, diameter 2m, and gain is greater than 53dB, and beam angle adopts fixed vertical to point to working method less than 0.35 °, has simplified system architecture thereby omit servo-drive system.Antenna house 5 adopts honeycomb A interlayer, is glass-reinforced plastic material, makes antenna 4 have all weather operations ability.
All solid-state transmitter 1 adopts chip and spatial power synthetic technology to design, and carries out the synthetic realization of power by four road power amplifier modules.The Ka frequency range pulse excitation signal of 10dBm is after pre-amplifier 17 amplifies, by one minute four power divider 18, offering 20W power amplifier module A 19, power amplifier module B 20, power amplifier module C 21 and power amplifier module D 22 amplifies, after power combiner 23 and isolator assemblies 24, output is not less than the peak power of 50W again.Control testing circuit 25 provides modulated pulse signal for pre-amplifier 17, power amplifier module A 19, power amplifier module B 20, power amplifier module C 21 and power amplifier module D 22, and receives the various detection signals that pre-amplifier 17, power amplifier module A 19, power amplifier module B 20, power amplifier module C 21, power amplifier module D 22 and isolator assemblies 24 are sent.
The protection switch A 26 of two-channel receiver 10 and protection switch B 32 adopt the PIN switch, avoid launching the Lou damage of power for the protection of two-channel receiver 10.The same polarization echoed signal is after low noise amplifier A 27 amplifies, carry out mixing at the first frequency mixer A 28 and a local oscillation signal, export an intermediate-freuqncy signal, one intermediate-freuqncy signal is carried out mixing at the second frequency mixer A 29 and two local oscillation signals, export two intermediate-freuqncy signals, two intermediate-freuqncy signals are carried out amplification and AGC in amplifier A 30, after wave filter A 31 filtering, output same polarization intermediate-freuqncy signal is to digital receiver 11.The orthogonal polarization echoed signal is after low noise amplifier B 33 amplifies, carry out mixing at the first frequency mixer B 34 and a local oscillation signal, export an intermediate-freuqncy signal, one intermediate-freuqncy signal is carried out mixing at the second frequency mixer B 35 and two local oscillation signals, export two intermediate-freuqncy signals, two intermediate-freuqncy signals are carried out amplification and AGC in amplifier B 36, after wave filter B 37 filtering, output orthogonal polarization intermediate-freuqncy signal is to digital receiver 11.The local oscillation signal that one local oscillator power splitter 38 is sent frequency synthesizer 9 here rear the first frequency mixer A 28 and the first frequency mixer B 34 of giving respectively that be divided into two.Two local oscillation signals that two local oscillator power splitters 39 are sent frequency synthesizer 9 here rear the second frequency mixer A 29 and the second frequency mixer B 35 of giving respectively that be divided into two.

Claims (1)

1. all solid state millimeter wave cloud of Ka frequency range fixed directional dual polarization radar, comprise: circulator (2), antenna (4), frequency synthesizer (9), digital receiver (11), signal processor (12), aobvious control computer (13), communication system (14), far-end computer (15) and distribution system (16) also comprise: all solid-state transmitter (1), antenna house (5), orthomode coupler (3), two-channel receiver (10), power splitter (6), coupling mechanism A(7) and coupling mechanism B(8); Wherein, all solid-state transmitter (1) comprising: pre-amplifier (17), power divider (18), power amplifier module A(19), power amplifier module B(20), power amplifier module C(21), power amplifier module D(22), power combiner (23), isolator assemblies and control testing circuit (25); Two-channel receiver (10) comprising: protection switch A(26), low noise amplifier A(30) (27), the first frequency mixer A(28), the second frequency mixer A(29), amplifier A(30), wave filter A(31), protection switch B(32), low noise amplifier B(36) (33), the first frequency mixer B(34), the second frequency mixer B(35), amplifier B(36), wave filter B(37), a local oscillator power splitter (38) and two local oscillator power splitters (39);
The output terminal of frequency synthesizer (9) is connected with the input end of all solid-state transmitter (1); The output terminal of all solid-state transmitter (1) is connected with a end of circulator (2); B end and two-way connection of orthomode coupler (3) of circulator (2); Orthomode coupler (3) and two-way connection of antenna (4); The c of circulator (2) end and coupling mechanism A(7) input end be connected; Coupling mechanism A(7) output terminal and two-channel receiver (10) protection switch A(26) input end be connected; Orthomode coupler (3) and coupling mechanism B(8) input end be connected; Coupling mechanism B(8) output terminal and two-channel receiver (10) protection switch B(32) input end be connected; The output terminal of frequency synthesizer (9) respectively with two-channel receiver (10) one local oscillator power splitters (38) with are connected the input end of local oscillator power splitter (39) and are connected; The output terminal of frequency synthesizer (9) is connected with the input end of power splitter (6); The output terminal of power splitter (6) respectively with coupling mechanism A(7) coupled end of being connected with coupling mechanism B(8 is connected; The output terminal of the output terminal of frequency synthesizer (9), two-channel receiver (10) is connected with the input end of digital receiver (11) respectively; The output terminal of digital receiver (11) is connected with the input end of signal processor (12); Aobvious control computer (13) is connected 16 with signal processor (12), communication system (14) with distribution system respectively) the two-way connection; Communication system (14) and two-way connection of far-end computer (15); The input end of pre-amplifier (17) is connected with the output terminal of frequency synthesizer (9); The output terminal of pre-amplifier (17) is connected with the input end of power divider (18); The output terminal of power divider (18) respectively with power amplifier module A(19), power amplifier module B(20), power amplifier module C(21) input end of being connected with power amplifier module D(22 is connected; The output terminal of power amplifier module A(19), power amplifier module B(20), power amplifier module C(21) being connected with power amplifier module D(22 is connected with the input end of power combiner (23) respectively; The output terminal of power combiner (23) is connected with the input end of isolator assemblies; The output terminal of isolator assemblies is connected with a end of circulator (2); Control testing circuit (25) respectively with pre-amplifier (17), power amplifier module A(19), power amplifier module B(20), power amplifier module C(21) be connected two-way the connection with power amplifier module D(22, be connected with the output terminal of isolator assemblies; Protection switch A(26) input end and coupling mechanism A(7) output terminal be connected; Protection switch A(26), low noise amplifier A(30) (27), the first frequency mixer A(28), the second frequency mixer A(29), amplifier A(30) and wave filter A(31) in sequential series, wave filter A(31) output terminal be connected with the input end of digital receiver (11); Protection switch B(32) input end and coupling mechanism B(8) output terminal be connected; Protection switch B(32), low noise amplifier B(36) (33), the first frequency mixer B(34), the second frequency mixer B(35), amplifier B(36) and wave filter B(37) in sequential series, wave filter B(37) output terminal be connected with the input end of digital receiver (11); The output terminal of frequency synthesizer (9) respectively with a local oscillator power splitter (38) with are connected the input end of local oscillator power splitter (39) and are connected; The output terminal of one local oscillator power splitter (38) respectively with the first frequency mixer A(28) be connected frequency mixer B(34) input end be connected; The output terminal of two local oscillator power splitters (39) respectively with the second frequency mixer A(29) be connected frequency mixer B(35) input end be connected;
Low-power Ka frequency range pulse excitation signal is sent by frequency synthesizer (9), after all solid-state transmitter (1) amplifies, arrive antenna (4) by circulator (2), orthomode coupler (3), see through antenna house (5), in the mode of horizontal polarization to aerial radiation; The electromagnetic wave that radiate runs into cloud, the meteorological target of rain, produces back scattering, is received by antenna (4), becomes the echoed signal of meteorological target; Echoed signal is divided into two-way after by orthomode coupler (3), one the tunnel through circulator (2), enter the protection switch A(26 of two-channel receiver (10)), another road enters the protection switch B(32 of two-channel receiver (10)), the two-way echoed signal is exported intermediate-freuqncy signal respectively behind low noise amplification, twice mixing, amplification, gain control and wave filter; Then after digital receiver (11) carries out A/D, Digital Down Convert and filtering processing, form the digital quadrature i/q signal of reflected signal intensity and phase information, be sent to again signal processor (12) and carry out pulse compression, time domain accumulation, FFT and frequency domain signal integration processing, output power spectrum Density Distribution data; After aobvious control computer (13) is further processed, generate echo strength, radial velocity, speed spectrum width and linear depolarization ratio data again, by communication system (14), offer far-end computer (15); Distribution system (16) provides radar system required various power supplys; The test signal that frequency synthesizer (9) produces is after power splitter (6) is divided into two, by coupling mechanism A(7) and coupling mechanism B(8) enter two-channel receiver (10), be used for test and the calibration of receiving system channel characteristic, echo strength and speed;
The all solid state millimeter wave cloud of Ka frequency range fixed directional dual polarization radar is realized reception and the processing of dual polarization information by antenna (4), orthomode coupler (3), two-channel receiver (10), digital receiver (11), signal processor (12) and aobvious control computer (13); Linear depolarization ratio is to represent that same polarization reception and orthogonal polarization receive the parameter of echo power difference condition, are expressed as:
Figure 2012104959668100001DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
(1)
Millimeter wave cloud radar to the effective scope of detection of the linear depolarization ratio of cloud, rain target-5~-30dB between;
Antenna (4) is the Cassegrain pattern, adopts fixed vertical to point to working method, has simplified system architecture thereby omit servo-drive system; Antenna house (5) adopts honeycomb A interlayer, is glass-reinforced plastic material, makes antenna (4) have all weather operations ability;
All solid-state transmitter (1) carries out the synthetic realization of power by four road power amplifier modules; Low-power Ka frequency range pulse excitation signal is after pre-amplifier (17) amplifies, by one minute four power divider (18), offer power amplifier module A(19), power amplifier module B(20), power amplifier module C(21) and power amplifier module D(22) amplify, again after power combiner (23) and isolator assemblies, the output high-power signal; Control testing circuit (25) be pre-amplifier (17), power amplifier module A(19), power amplifier module B(20), power amplifier module C(21) and power amplifier module D(22) modulated pulse signal is provided, and reception pre-amplifier (17), power amplifier module A(19), power amplifier module B(20), power amplifier module C(21), power amplifier module D(22) and the various detection signals sent of isolator assemblies;
The protection switch A(26 of two-channel receiver (10)) and protection switch B(32), avoid launching the Lou damage of power for the protection of two-channel receiver (10); The same polarization echoed signal is through low noise amplifier A(30) amplify after, at the first frequency mixer A(28) carry out mixing with a local oscillation signal, export an intermediate-freuqncy signal, one intermediate-freuqncy signal is at the second frequency mixer A(29) carry out mixing with two local oscillation signals, export two intermediate-freuqncy signals, two intermediate-freuqncy signals are at amplifier A(30) in carry out amplification and AGC, through wave filter A(31) after the filtering, output same polarization intermediate-freuqncy signal is to digital receiver (11); The orthogonal polarization echoed signal is through low noise amplifier B(36) amplify after, at the first frequency mixer B(34) carry out mixing with a local oscillation signal, export an intermediate-freuqncy signal, one intermediate-freuqncy signal is at the second frequency mixer B(35) carry out mixing with two local oscillation signals, export two intermediate-freuqncy signals, two intermediate-freuqncy signals are at amplifier B(36) in carry out amplification and AGC, through wave filter B(37) after the filtering, output orthogonal polarization intermediate-freuqncy signal is to digital receiver (11); The local oscillation signal that one local oscillator power splitter (38) is sent frequency synthesizer (9) here the rear first frequency mixer A(28 that gives respectively that is divided into two) and the first frequency mixer B(34); Two local oscillation signals that two local oscillator power splitters (39) are sent frequency synthesizer (9) here the rear second frequency mixer A(29 that gives respectively that is divided into two) and the second frequency mixer B(35).
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