CN102997493B - Huanghai Cold Water Mass scale utilization system - Google Patents
Huanghai Cold Water Mass scale utilization system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102997493B CN102997493B CN201210514247.6A CN201210514247A CN102997493B CN 102997493 B CN102997493 B CN 102997493B CN 201210514247 A CN201210514247 A CN 201210514247A CN 102997493 B CN102997493 B CN 102997493B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/60—Fishing; Aquaculture; Aquafarming
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Abstract
Huanghai Cold Water Mass scale utilization system, comprise the draw water control unit of Huanghai Cold Water Mass extraction to sea level, as the fresh water circulatory system of cooling refrigeration equipment, seawater and freshwater is carried out the heat exchange unit of heat exchange, and accept the cultivation unit of the seawater after heat exchange; Heat exchange unit via sea-water heat-pump controller to cultivation unit conveying seawater, via fresh water heat pump controller to the fresh water of fresh water circulatory system conveying after heat exchange.Instant invention overcomes the shortcoming that air cooling air conditioner cooling in summer ability reduces with the rising of temperature; By the control technology of drawing water of low cost, the extensive hot swapping that the energy zero expends and the combination of water source heat pump technology, reaching summer is the object that scale cooling is concentrated in city, take full advantage of abundant marine resources and existing heating installation pipe network, avoid environmental pollution, improve utilization rate of equipment and installations, significantly improve living environment in summer; Cultivation unit effectively solves the problem of field of marine aquaculture low temperature seawater deficiency in summer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of low temperature seawater utilization system, be specifically related to a kind of Huanghai Cold Water Mass scale utilization system, belong to the fields such as regenerative resource exploitation, Marine Sciences and aquaculture.
Background technology
Huanghai Cold Water Mass refers to and is positioned at that the Huanghai Sea is dark, the low temperature water body of bottom summer, ocean temperature excursion is about 4.6-9.3 DEG C usually, its volume is about 5000 billion cubic meters, account for 1/3 of Huanghai Sea cumulative volume, in global ocean low latitudes region, only have summer Huanghai Cold Water Mass to possess the good and water body of the feature such as huge of shallow source, low temperature, water quality simultaneously.For Huanghai Cold Water Mass this NORTH CHINA continental shallow typical case, the research of the oceanographic phenomena of uniqueness has had the history of last 100 years to people; the understanding existing comparatively deep to it, but for these features of Huanghai Cold Water Mass, in-depth is need to the comprehensive development and utilization that it carries out scale.Under the background of Global climate change, the Faced In Sustainable Development of China environment and is worsened and energy starved restriction.The renewable green energy resource in exploitation ocean of rational and orderly, substitutes traditional fossil energy, great to the Significance of Sustainable Development of China's economic society.Being fully utilized for Huanghai Cold Water Mass advantageous huge low-temperature receiver in this summer, is the important method alleviating the nervous situation of China's Huanghai Sea littoral well-developed region energy demand; Huanghai Cold Water Mass scale fully utilizes; the invention of the centralized regional cold supply system of low temperature seawater; and will be the important channel that China utilizes ocean energy compared with the environmental aquaculture of the system discharge water of low temperature, be also that the reality of energy-saving and emission-reduction state basic policy in comprehensive marine exploitation embodies.But existing seawater low-temperature receiver utilize technology as seawater source heat pump technology cannot round Realization to centralized extensive, the ecotypic comprehensive utilization of Huanghai Cold Water Mass, also be not applicable to the shaping seawater low-temperature receiver utilization system of Huanghai Cold Water Mass own characteristic, this becomes outstanding obstacle and the bottleneck of Huanghai Cold Water Mass comprehensive utilization.
Huanghai Cold Water Mass is formed at annual winter, 5-10 month is the prosperous and powerful phase, be in the building cold supply system peak requirements phase this period, and cold water source offshore distance is near, greatly can save water intaking pipe network construction costs, Huanghai Cold Water Mass center water temperature and the temperature temperature difference greatly, make low-temperature receiver build cold supply system more high-effect, there is the prospect of large-scale application, and there is operability;
Huanghai Cold Water Mass is positioned at below thermocline, and temperature is low, dissolved oxygen content is high, pollution-free, content of mineral substances enriches, the draining after Huanghai Sea cold water utilizes, and water temperature still can reach 16 DEG C-18 DEG C, is the good water source that Summer in Northern Part area precious marine product grows.Comprehensive utilization Huanghai Sea cold water carries out the special precious marine product healthy aquaculture of the names such as turbot, stichopus japonicus and abalone, expand the special precious marine product of name cultivation scope, extend growth time, effectively save and protect groundwater resources, buffering seawater fishery sea area load forces, improve product quality and energy-conservation etc. in all there is huge social and economic significance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of Huanghai Cold Water Mass scale utilization system; the advantages such as the good and reserves of the shallow source of Huanghai Cold Water Mass, low temperature, water quality are large can be fully utilized; reach the Optimum Economic configuration of energy-saving and emission-reduction, reach the comprehensive utilization of Huanghai Cold Water Mass resource.
For achieving the above object, it is set up the centralized scale utilization system of Huanghai Cold Water Mass that the present invention solves the technical conceive that its technical problem adopts, to realize centralized extensive, the ecotypic comprehensive utilization to Huanghai Cold Water Mass.For Huanghai Cold Water Mass " Summer Low Temperature ", " reserves are huge ", the concrete feature such as " water quality is good ", hot swapping and heat pump techniques is adopted to be combined with each other, the method complemented each other, be main refrigerant link by extensive (cold) seawater hot swapping, being equipped with heat pump techniques is auxiliary cooling link; Reach the sustainable supply of low temperature (light) water.Make full use of the technology path that city has heating installation pipe network, realize the intensive cooling cycle system of centralized scale in summer; Adopt low-temperature receiver (sea) the water continuous blow-down after by utilization for the first time to open industrial aquaculture pond, carry out the mode of sea-farming with flowing dynamic circulating water, realize the later use to discharge seawater after scale in summer refrigeration.
The present invention mainly utilizes the heat-conduction principle in thermodynamics, namely utilize the temperature of Yellow Sea in summer cold water mass significantly lower than urban environment temperature, mainly through conduction of heat, cold in seawater is transferred in cooling water, supply urban subscriber by heating network, thus reach the object of user's room temperature lowering and saving electric energy; In addition, the seawater after making full use of by refrigeration unit still keeps comparatively low temperature, and oxygen content is high, the feature that nutritive salt is abundant, is realized the later use of low temperature seawater, reduce because underground sea water extracts the seawater invasion brought by seawater industrial culturing.
The formation of Huanghai Cold Water Mass scale utilization system of the present invention comprises: seawater circulation subsystem and cooling water circulation subsystem; wherein specifically comprise again and drawing water and control unit; heat exchange transducing unit, sea water source heat pump and control unit thereof, cold sea-farming unit.Specific as follows:
Huanghai Cold Water Mass scale utilization system, it is characterized in that this system comprises: Huanghai Cold Water Mass is extracted the control unit that draws water to sea level, as the fresh water circulatory system of cooling refrigeration equipment, and the fresh water drawn water in the seawater and freshwater circulatory system of control unit extraction is carried out the heat exchange transducing unit of heat exchange, and accept the sea-farming unit of the seawater after heat exchange; Above-mentioned heat exchange transducing unit via sea-water heat-pump controller to sea-farming unit conveying seawater, and this heat exchange transducing unit via fresh water heat pump controller to the fresh water of fresh water circulatory system conveying after heat exchange;
The above-mentioned fresh water circulatory system comprises heating installation pipe network, utilize heat exchange transducing unit that the fresh water in Huanghai Cold Water Mass and heating installation pipe network is carried out heat exchange, using the fresh water in heating installation pipe network as carrier, as the pipeline of the fresh water circulatory system, cold is transported to each user using heating installation pipe network.Thus existing urban operating mechanism can be made full use of, reduce operating cost, realize sending the object being as cold as family.
Be combined with each other to enable hot swapping and air-conditioning heat pump technology, air-conditioning heat pump technology is supplemented heat exchange unit, this system also comprises sea water source heat pump, above-mentioned sea-water heat-pump controller and fresh water heat pump controller are respectively to the seawater of this sea water source heat pump conveying after heat exchange and fresh water, and this sea water source heat pump exports the seawater after second heat exchanges and fresh water respectively to cold sea-farming unit and the fresh water circulatory system.
Above-mentioned fresh water heat pump controller is provided with loading detection device.By the load of exerting oneself of the load and heat exchange transducing unit that detect cold air user, thus determine the switch of sea water source heat pump, when user's load be greater than heat exchange transducing unit exert oneself load time, sea water source heat pump is opened.
The above-mentioned control unit that draws water comprises offshore drinking-water pipe, offshore drinking-water pipe, is respectively used to extract coastal seawater and offshore Huanghai Cold Water Mass.Do not need very high user to gather coastal seawater for those to low temperature requirements like this, otherwise then gather Huanghai Cold Water Mass, thus optimum collocation can use coastal seawater and cold water mass, reduce costs.
The above-mentioned control unit that draws water is with drinking-water pipe selecting arrangement and pumping rate control device.Thus can by detecting the water temperature at offshore drinking-water pipe and offshore drinking-water pipe mouth of pipe place in real time, controller, according to cost optimization algorithm and the refrigeration load requirement of drawing water, is selected pumping conduit, is regulated pumping rate.
Above-mentioned cold sea-farming unit is open cultivation pond.
The seawater after the heat exchange of heat exchange transducing unit of the utilization system of Huanghai Cold Water Mass is used for stichopus japonicus pond and builds reef cultivation, or great Ling flounder is indoor industrially-cultured, or the raft culture of sea-tangle coastal waters.
The present invention can produce following good effect compared with the prior art: in Yellow Sea in summer cold water mass, seawater capacity is large, temperature is low and stable, thus the duty of this centralized cold gas system is metastable, overcomes the shortcoming that air cooling air conditioner cooling in summer ability reduces with the rising of temperature; Huanghai Cold Water Mass offshore is comparatively near, and the depth of water is shallow, decreases the cost that draws water; Native system is by the control technology of drawing water of low cost, the extensive hot swapping that the energy zero expends, and water resource heat pump safeguards technique combines, reaching summer is that city concentrates scale to stablize the object of cooling, take full advantage of the affluent resources in ocean and existing heating installation pipe network system, avoid environmental pollution, improve utilization rate of equipment and installations, operating cost is low, significantly can improve the living environment of people in summer; Native system can extensive use, and easy to maintenance, its sea-farming unit effectively can solve the problem of seawater aquaculture field low temperature seawater deficiency in summer.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the centralized scale utilization system of Huanghai Cold Water Mass.
Fig. 2 is the process chart of the centralized scale utilization system of Huanghai Cold Water Mass.
Wherein, 1-seawater circulation subsystem, 2-fresh water cycle subsystem, 3-heat exchange transducing unit, 4-draws water control unit, 5-offshore drainpipe, 6-sea water source heat pump and control unit thereof, 7-sea-farming unit, 8-open cultivation pond, 9-offshore drinking-water pipe, 10-offshore drinking-water pipe, 11-drinking-water pipe selecting arrangement, 12-pumping rate control device, 13-transducer, 14-users, 15-sea-water heat-pump controller, 16-fresh water heat pump controller, 17-sea water source heat pump, the conveying of 18-cold and allocation units.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, provide the specific embodiment of the present invention, be used for that the present invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, Huanghai Cold Water Mass scale utilization system, comprise: Huanghai Cold Water Mass is extracted the control unit 4 that draws water to sea level, as the fresh water circulatory system 2 of cooling refrigeration equipment, and the fresh water in the seawater and freshwater circulatory system 2 to be extracted by the control unit 4 that draws water carries out the heat exchange transducing unit 3 of heat exchange, and accept the sea-farming unit 7 of the seawater after heat exchange; Above-mentioned heat exchange transducing unit 3 carries seawater via sea-water heat-pump controller 15 to sea-farming unit 7, and this heat exchange transducing unit 3 carries fresh water after heat exchange via fresh water heat pump controller 16 to the fresh water circulatory system 2.
As shown in Figure 2, be combined with each other to enable hot swapping and air-conditioning heat pump technology, air-conditioning heat pump technology is supplemented heat exchange unit, this system also comprises sea water source heat pump 17, above-mentioned sea-water heat-pump controller 15 and fresh water heat pump controller 16 carry seawater after heat exchange and fresh water respectively to this sea water source heat pump 17, and this sea water source heat pump 17 exports the seawater after second heat exchanges and fresh water respectively to cold sea-farming unit 7 and the fresh water circulatory system 2.This sea water source heat pump detects temperature and the flow of circulating cold air subsystem medium in real time, according to the requirement of user's load and the capacity of heat exchange transducing unit 3, regulates the operating power of sea water source heat pump, uses cold demand with what ensure user's reality.As shown in Figure 2, first seawater and fresh water carry out a heat exchange through the transducer 13 of heat exchange transducing unit 3, when transducer 13 exert oneself can meet user's load demand completely time, then close sea water source heat pump 17, save the object of the energy to arrive; When heat exchange transducing unit exert oneself can not meet user's load demand completely time, then open sea water source heat pump 17, exchanged to utilize remaining cold in seawater further by the second heat of seawater and fresh water.
As shown in Figure 2, above-mentioned fresh water heat pump controller 16 is provided with loading detection device.By the load of exerting oneself of the load and heat exchange transducing unit that detect cold air user, thus determine the switch of sea water source heat pump, when user's load be greater than heat exchange transducing unit exert oneself load time, sea water source heat pump is opened.
As shown in Figure 2, the above-mentioned control unit 4 that draws water comprises offshore drinking-water pipe 9, offshore drinking-water pipe 10, is respectively used to extract coastal seawater and offshore Huanghai Cold Water Mass; Offshore drinking-water pipe 9 and the offshore drinking-water pipe 10 of the above-mentioned control unit 4 that draws water are connected to drinking-water pipe selecting arrangement 11 and pumping rate control device 12.Due to offshore water body temperature, to compare offshore water body more stable, more low temperature, but the cost that draws water is relatively high, the ocean temperature of two entrances can be detected in real time by controller, thus can by detecting the water temperature at offshore drinking-water pipe and offshore drinking-water pipe mouth of pipe place in real time, controller, according to cost optimization algorithm and the refrigeration load requirement of drawing water, realizes the selection of pumping conduit and the adjustment of pumping rate, specific as follows;
Calculate the refrigeration requirement of the fresh water circulatory system, draw the fresh water temperature of needs; By calculating the heat exchanger effectiveness of transducer, to obtain ocean temperature and the water yield of the seawater circulation system needed; Then by regulating pumping conduit to select and pumping rate controller, realizing opening large or turning down of two cover pumping conduits, thus reaching the object regulating seawater circulation system temperature.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the above-mentioned fresh water circulatory system 2 comprises heating installation pipe network, namely utilize the transducer 13 of heat exchange transducing unit 3 that the fresh water in Huanghai Cold Water Mass and heating installation pipe network is carried out heat exchange, thus as central heating, cold can be transported to each user using the fresh water in heating installation pipe network as carrier.Fresh water after heat exchange can control, so that distribute accordingly for the different demands of users 14 via cold conveying and allocation units 18 before entering user.
Above-mentioned heat exchange transducing unit 3 is composed in series by organizing large-scale transducer more, effectively can improve the efficiency of heat exchange like this.Above-mentioned sea-water heat-pump controller 15, fresh water heat pump controller 16 form sea water source heat pump and control unit 6 thereof with sea water source heat pump 17.Above-mentionedly draw water that (containing offshore drinking-water pipe 9, offshore drinking-water pipe 10, drinking-water pipe selecting arrangement 11, pumping rate control device 12, sea water source heat pump and control unit thereof 6, sea-farming unit 7 and offshore drainpipe 5 thereof form seawater circulation system 1 to control unit 4.
Seawater in offshore drinking-water pipe 9 and offshore drinking-water pipe 10, when heat exchange transducing unit 3, will carry out heat exchange with the fresh water circulatory system, seawater is heated, fresh water cooling, except water pump electricity consumption, and without any need for electric energy input, have remarkable characteristic of environmental protection; Seawater after heat exchange will enter sea water source heat pump and control unit 6 thereof or open cultivation pond (8), and the fresh water after cooling then enters existing heating installation pipe network system, for giving building " cooling ".
As Fig. 1, shown in 2, the present invention also arranges sea-farming unit 7, the cold water of Huanghai Cold Water Mass is after heat exchange transducing unit and sea water source heat pump unit, its temperature is still below 16 DEG C, because Huanghai Cold Water Mass water quality is good, oxygen content is high, the cold water of discharging through heat exchange transducing unit is utilized to carry out open low-temperature sea-farming, connected system upper end, one end, open cultivation pond discharge outlet, receive low-temperature cold water, the other end connects open ocean, the seawater dynamic flow in culturing pool can be made like this, and Huanghai Cold Water Mass is less containing bacterial virus, be conducive to the growth of cultured product.Our experiments show that the stichopus japonicus of the Huanghai Cold Water Mass sea-farming after utilizing heat exchange or the quality of great Ling flounder compared with ordinary sea water cultivate more excellent.
The seawater after the heat exchange of heat exchange transducing unit 3 of the utilization system of Huanghai Cold Water Mass may be used for stichopus japonicus pond and builds reef cultivation, or great Ling flounder is indoor industrially-cultured, or the raft culture of sea-tangle coastal waters.
Embodiment
The cities and counties as Qingdao, Weihai, Yantai, Dalian and subordinate thereof, the city of Huanghai Sea bank all have ready conditions and adopt the centralized scale utilization system of Huanghai Cold Water Mass; this system is that city concentrates scale to stablize the object of cooling once coming into operation playing summer; because taking full advantage of affluent resources in ocean and existing heating installation pipe network system, the utilization rate of equipment and installations of heating installation pipe network can be improved.
As shown in Figure 2, native system comprises the parts such as offshore drinking-water pipe, offshore drinking-water pipe, drinking-water pipe selection and pumping rate controller, transducer, heat pump controller, seawater source heat pump system, users, open cultivation pond, offshore drainpipe.
In the embodiment depicted in figure 2, offshore drinking-water pipe, offshore drinking-water pipe, drinking-water pipe selection and pumping rate controller constitute Huanghai Cold Water Mass pumping system.Water temperature due to Huanghai Cold Water Mass center is minimum and the most stable, but offshore is far away, the cost that draws water is higher, and the water temperature of Huanghai Cold Water Mass edge to compare Huanghai Cold Water Mass center high and relatively unstable, but the cost that draws water is lower, so the present invention devises offshore and offshore two drinking-water pipes, and drinking-water pipe is installed select and pumping rate controller, by detecting the water temperature at offshore drinking-water pipe and offshore drinking-water pipe mouth of pipe place in real time, consider to draw water cost simultaneously, the selection controlling drinking-water pipe and the speed of drawing water, to ensure reliability and the energy saving of system.Wherein drinking-water pipe is made up of pipeline, filter and water pump.
Seawater circulation system 1 and the fresh water circulatory system 2 is connected by large-scale transducer, by High Efficiency Thermal switching technology, the heat of cooling air circulation system is delivered to seawater circulation system by direct heat exchange, in this course except water pump electricity consumption, and without any need for electric energy input, there is remarkable characteristic of environmental protection.
Sea water source heat pump and control unit 6 thereof is formed by heat pump controller and sea water source heat pump, wherein sea water source heat pump is respectively by evaporimeter, condenser, compressor and expansion valve etc. formed, heat pump controller is by detecting the load and determine whether open sea water source heat pump of exerting oneself of the load of cold air user and heat exchange transducing unit, only when user's load be greater than heat exchange transducing unit exert oneself load time, heat pump controller opens sea water source heat pump, the unlatching of sea water source heat pump needs the input of electric energy, but can ensure that user's request is met, there is the effect of stable cold gas system.
Huanghai Cold Water Mass seawater is (or through heat exchange transducing unit and sea water source heat pump and control unit thereof) after heat exchange transducing unit, still there are the water temperature required for low temperature seawater cultivation and other bioactive elemements environment, open cultivation pond will be entered.Constitute sea-farming unit by open cultivation pond and oral siphon thereof and offshore drainpipe, this unit can realize the dynamic flow of low temperature seawater, then keeps the quality of the required seawater of cultivation, is conducive to sea-farming.
Each parts in seawater circulation system all adopt anticorrosion and anti-halobios adhersion technical finesse.
Claims (1)
1. Huanghai Cold Water Mass scale utilization system, it is characterized in that this system comprises: Huanghai Cold Water Mass is extracted the control unit that draws water (4) to sea level, as the fresh water circulatory system (2) of cooling refrigeration equipment, and the fresh water in the seawater and freshwater circulatory system (2) to be extracted by the control unit that draws water (4) carries out the heat exchange transducing unit (3) of heat exchange, and accept the sea-farming unit (7) of the seawater after heat exchange; Above-mentioned heat exchange transducing unit (3) via sea-water heat-pump controller (15) to sea-farming unit (7) conveying seawater, and this heat exchange transducing unit (3) via fresh water heat pump controller (16) to the fresh water of the fresh water circulatory system (2) conveying after heat exchange; The above-mentioned fresh water circulatory system (2) is heating installation pipe network, utilize heat exchange transducing unit (3) that the fresh water in Huanghai Cold Water Mass and heating installation pipe network is carried out heat exchange, using the fresh water in heating installation pipe network as carrier, cold is transported to each user using heating installation pipe network as the pipeline of the fresh water circulatory system (2);
This system also comprises sea water source heat pump (17), and above-mentioned sea-water heat-pump controller (15) and fresh water heat pump controller (16) are respectively to the seawater of this sea water source heat pump (17) conveying after heat exchange and fresh water; And this sea water source heat pump (17) exports the seawater after second heat exchanges and fresh water respectively to cold sea-farming unit (7) and the fresh water circulatory system (2);
Described fresh water heat pump controller (16) is provided with loading detection device;
The above-mentioned control unit that draws water (4) comprises offshore drinking-water pipe (9), offshore drinking-water pipe (10), is respectively used to extract coastal seawater and offshore Huanghai Cold Water Mass;
The offshore drinking-water pipe (9) of the above-mentioned control unit that draws water (4) and offshore drinking-water pipe (10) are connected to drinking-water pipe selecting arrangement (11) and pumping rate control device (12);
Above-mentioned sea-farming unit (7) is open cultivation pond (8).
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| CN105794690B (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2018-05-11 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of method in situ using Huanghai Cold Water Mass low temperature seawater cultivation cold water fish |
| CN105505741A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-04-20 | 獐子岛集团股份有限公司 | Relay type microalgae and kelp integrated cultivation system |
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