CN1029863C - Method and apparatus for compressive shrinkage of tubular knitted fabrics and like - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and apparatus for compressive lengthwise shrinking of tubular knitted fabrics and other materials. Feeding and retarding rollers are separated from each other by a distance significantly greater than the thickness of the fabric. Blades are projected between the rollers from opposite sides and form between them which extends at a large angle from the feeding roller to the retarding roller. Fabric is guided to the zone under low contact pressure by the feeding roller and is conveyed away from the zone under similarly low contact pressure by the retarding roller. At the entrance to the zone, the fabric is decelerated and compacted lengthwise without burnishing or abrasion and without crimping. Tubular and open width knitted fabrics can be compressively preshrunk in large amounts, up to 25% and more, in a single stage. Significant savings and other benefits are realized.

Description

Method and apparatus for compressive shrinkage of tubular knitted fabrics and like

Technical field is the arrangement of knitted fabric in the textile industry under of the present invention.

The present invention relates to the pre-shrunk improved method and apparatus of fabric.The present invention is particularly useful for tubular knitted processing, and is not limited thereto, and as the principle of this invention, also can be used for the processing of open-width fabric knitting or non-knitting.

For the processing of knitted fabric, especially for tubular knitted, an extensive use and in commercial successful pre-contraction processing method the Eugene, point out in Koln and other peoples' the invention (U.S. Patent number 3015145,3015146 and 3083435).This method contains one or more be typically two pre-work areas of shrinking, and each work area comprises the guide plate of a pair of opposed cylinder and feeding and constraint.The fabric of coming in advances with a predetermined speed under more compulsory state by the space between feeding cylinder and the constraint guide plate.Second cylinder is called speed-reducing drums, forms a roll gap between it and the feeding cylinder, so just makes from retraining fabric after guide plate comes out is subjected to feeding and speed-reducing drums simultaneously under pressure effect.The superficial velocity of speed-reducing drums is controlled as the superficial velocity that is slower than the feeding cylinder, advancing fabric is slowed down, cause fabric that the compression of the length direction of control is arranged in the pre-contraction bands of a weak point, this pre-contraction bands is to form between the end limit of fabric constraint guide plate and roll gap.Guide plate and/or cylinder preferably will heat, like this can so that the fabric that comes out under the pre-contraction that pre-contraction bands obtains can be preserved basically.

Even above-mentioned pre-contraction technology is commercial very successful, but it still has some inherent shortcoming, from the actual result who draws is, fabric is acted on the double-edged same point simultaneously by two cylinders that friction speed turns round.Like this, the tow sides of fabric are inevitable differently slightly processed.In addition, at least that feeding cylinder brings unfavorable surface state for sometimes the fabric (for example for the garment fabric with shinny hidden line) of some form at the roll gap place with respect to the intrinsic slip that fabric face produced, and it is glossy to make that perhaps underwear fabric rises.Uneasy especially aspect tubular knitted processing because when handling so-called tow sides, in fact making behind the clothes all is same surface, promptly what difference the outer surface of fabric does not admit of.

For the overwhelming majority's application, the single pre-contraction work area of above-mentioned form is overcome in the tendency that the fabric tow sides produce the unshapeliness effect, and method is to adopt two pre-contraction work areas with the opposite way effect to be regulated.This provides acceptable result concerning some fabric, but to high responsive fabric, the garment fabric that for example has hidden line still has shortcoming.

According to the present invention, for pre-contraction provides improved design and technology to fabric with mechanical system, it is suitable for tubular knitted especially, but is not limited to this, it can make many significant advantage of differential roller process technology bring into play, significantly reduces or eliminates intrinsic shortcoming in some existing method.More precisely, method and apparatus of the present invention utilizes opposed feeding and speed-reducing drums to carry out feeding and deceleration, and they have higher and lower transmission speed respectively., opposite with the above-mentioned device structure that patents, relevant feeding and speed-reducing drums are separated by a remarkable distance greater than processed fabric thickness, cause tow sides two relevant cylinder effects of quilt simultaneously of fabric.The collaborative feeding cylinder of a fabric constraint guide plate (inlet guide plate), the then collaborative speed-reducing drums of the constraint guide plate that another separates (export orientation plate).Form the restraint strap of a regulation between the end of these imports and export orientation plate.Fabric is decelerated to the speed of restraint strap in import department, and is compressed at length direction, when it passes this restraint strap, and in a controlled time of staying, restrained and guiding.

Particularly advantageous is that relevant constraint is arranged on the maximum congruent point of relevant feeding and speed-reducing drums basically to the opposed end of plate, and is configured to a bigger angle, for example 45 °, intersects with the feeding cylinder surface.For this reason, when fabric when inlet guide plate outlet side comes out, it is turned to the leading end of export orientation plate suddenly and be imported into the restraint strap that forms between two guide plate, in the restraint strap exit, fabric contacts with the outer surface of speed-reducing drums immediately, and advances under a controlled superficial velocity slow than the feeding cylinder.

Meaningfully, though feeding is to turn round under different controlled superficial velocities with speed-reducing drums, they do not act on the double-edged same point of fabric simultaneously, and therefore, cylinder surface does not have the remarkable slip corresponding to fabric face.Consequently, the present invention may provide the mechanical pre-contraction of height on a machine, and these many just knitted fabrics are needed.

Be restrained under pressure very little on the thickness direction when advantageously, fabric is by restraint strap.Concrete way is: be a guide plate, inlet guide plate preferably for removable position provides the hinged guiding mechanism of a precision, makes it do limited motion around a hinge axes.So just can adapt to the various variations of equipment restraint strap thickness when running well.In restraint strap, act on confining pressure on the fabric and remain on the level wrinkling when only being enough to avoid fabric to be compressed, but it is too many also not to be greater than this level by length direction.

In an illustrated embodiments, the equipment of device of the present invention and the above-mentioned United States Patent (USP) up till now sold on market has a very big compatibility textural, and in fact already installed Equipment Foundations are also had very big compatibility.Device of the present invention can will have installed device now and realize that by fairly simple transformation can utilize many existing mechanisms, the effect that reaches is: can significantly improve its rank to some form fabric at least.

In order more completely to understand above-mentioned feature and advantage with other of the present invention, can be in conjunction with the explanation of drawing with reference to following most preferred embodiment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 relates to the complete machine perspective view of pre-constriction device of the present invention.Be specially adapted to tubular knitted mechanical type and shrink processing in advance.

Fig. 2 is the transverse sectional view of greatly having amplified in the pre-contraction work area of Fig. 1 device.Feeding that expression is relevant and speed-reducing drums and import and outlet constraint guide plate.

Fig. 3 is the representational side elevation view of the part of Fig. 1 device, expresses the detailed structure in pre-contraction work area especially.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary, perspective view, the detail drawing of the installation method of the local and outlet constraint guide plate of expression import and outlet constraint guide plate.

Fig. 5 is the detail drawing that the partial elevational elevation is represented export and import constraint guide plate.

Fig. 6 is the transverse cross-sectional view of Fig. 5 midship section 6-6.

Fig. 7 is the representational rough schematic of the drive controlling of Fig. 1 device.

The description of most preferred embodiment:

Consult accompanying drawing, from Fig. 1, numbering (10) points out to handle the unit of tubular knitted usefulness.From upwards crossing an arch bar (12) that can rotate such as the fabric (11) of the next undressed mistake of the source of supply (not shown) of shelf or van, it can be with auxilliary general planar and the double-deck state spread out into of fabric.Fabric is then below first stretching bar (13) and pass above second stretching bar (14).Stretching bar (13,14) is separated by dividing plate (15), and dividing plate (15) is installed in the position that is used to control rotation on the frame (16).The stretching bar is used for fabric is applied a slight pulling force, is enough to smooth fabric and is also controlled, but be not enough to elongate fabric to any significant degree.

In said unit, fabric is directed walking around a guide pulley (17) (as shown in Figure 7), recross one driven, the index drum of variable-ratio (17a), walk around a unsteady dancer rools (17b) again, pass a series of smooth rollers (20) then, index drum (17a) is used for fabric (11) traction of undressed mistake is crossed arch bar (12) and passed stretching bar (13,14).The speed of cylinder (17a) is conditioned roller (17b) control, controls with reference to the running speed of other elements in the unit, will further illustrate below.

Be one in the downstream of index drum (17a) and advance the flattening work area, point out with numbering (18).Attempt example explanation (but being not limited thereto), advancing flattening device can be a kind of pattern of the U.S. Patent number 4103402 by the Fei Lizan invention, and the open file of this patent can be for referencial use at this.

Flattening device comprises the framework (not shown) that can admit tubular woven fabric within it and be flattened.The flute profile edge of this framework driven rolls (19) supports in the horizontal direction.Driven roller (19) can be adjusted and drive from the outside by the drive system of machine at the width that flattens framework.Flattening frame assembly itself is well-known and is widely used in selling.Its scope is that extension is come from a series of smooth rollers of upstream portion (20), and passes a pair of steam chest (21,22) that is in side driven roller (19) downstream.Arrive till the import or said feeding cylinder in pre-contraction work area (23) substantially.

According to known technology, the fabric of coming in may excessively a little be fed the downstream part (being exactly the downstream of side driven roller (19)) that enters the flattening framework and be caused fabric at length direction significant relaxing to be taken place, and adjusts to predetermined even width.In this case, when fabric passes through steam chest (21,22), be subjected to the stifling of steam, so that make the fiber humidity and the lax and adjustment that obtains lubricated and adaptation fabric tissue of material, as the preliminary preparation of pre-contraction processing.

Fabric enters pre-contraction work area (23) after coming out from flattening frame part (18) immediately, and there, situation will be described in more detail.Fabric is compressed a controllable quantity in the longitudinal direction, and this quantity is a function of the intrinsic residual shrinkage amount of the fabric of coming in.Under tubular knitted situation, this quantity will be in 15-25% scope for example.The compressed fabric of length direction is pointed out with numbering (24), continues to advance to and collects work area (25), in said unit, adopts spooler.For instance, batching apparatus can be used the Eugene. Koln and other people invention (U.S. Patent number 3606186) and/or Sai Miuer. and the common form shown in Koln and other people invention (U.S. Patent number 2736098), the open file of these patents can be for referencial use at this.When fabric arrives batching apparatus (25), keep minimum pulling force, the control when only being enough to satisfy fabric and on work beam (26), batching.

Another kind of mode is, the fabric folding device that can lead for instance, but is praised the pattern (U.S. Patent number 4053151) of invention in the expense, indicate in open file.

The driving mechanism of figure one unit schematically draws in Fig. 7.To collecting work area (25), preshrunk work area (23) advance to flatten work area (18) and inlet roller (17a), are equipped with the fast drive unit of independent control.Can be equipped with independent variable speed controllable motor respectively to each major part in the unit, also can combine with machine driving that can speed change with a main control drive motor (31), so that realize required speed control to whole system.Typical way is, as " master " work area, by motor (31) driving, the service speed in other work areas is then taken this as the standard, automatically variation thereupon with a work area such as preshrunk district (23).For example driven inlet roller (17a), side driven roller (19) and batching apparatus (25) all are respectively by adjustable varying-speed machinery (17c), (19a) and (25a) drive by driver motor (31).Gear (17c) is being controlled by unsteady dancer rools (17b), advances flattening device (18) so that fabric can stably be supplied with.In described device, improve 10% if shrink the speed in work area (23) in advance, the speed in each work area all can increase identical quantity automatically in the unit so.If change the speed of batching work area (25), make the speed than pre-contraction work area (23) increase or reduce on the other hand, other work areas but should not be affected.This way is generally known.

Consult Fig. 2-7 now, let us illustrates the details in the pre-contraction work area that the present invention innovates.This device has a frame (27) (as shown in Figure 3), at the another side of machine, is provided with the support of bearing (28) of tape spool bearing (29) thereon.The rotatable axle journal of bearing block (29) supporting feeding cylinder (30).In described device, the feeding cylinder can be contained on the frame (27) a fixing axis on so that control rotating speed (Fig. 7) with speed change driver motor (31).

The speed-reducing drums (32) of working with feeding cylinder (30) is that the bearing block (33) by the opposite supports its axle journal, this bearing block is provided in a side of on the articulated stand (34) on opposite, this support then is contained on the frame (27), and making can be around the axis rotation of driving shaft (35).Articulated stand (34) connects mutually with the rod end (36) that is hinged on the last hydraulic actuator (37) in frame both sides (38).Preferably single effect of hydraulic actuator (37) will be at ordinary times because ordering about of spring will be carried out the left side that bar (36) stretches to Fig. 3; But under the hydraulic pressure of regulation, it just can work, and it can will carry out the bar withdrawal, thereby makes speed-reducing drums (32) rely on feeding cylinder (30).

Have one by main motor (31) drive can speed change mechanical driving device (39) (Fig. 7), be used for driving speed-reducing drums (32), make it controllably with the superficial velocity rotation littler than feeding cylinder (30).Transmission device (39) can drive a sprocket wheel (40) (Fig. 3), and drive another sprocket wheel (42) be contained on the axle (35) by chain (41), this promptly be equipped with speed-reducing drums articulated stand (34) can around and rotation.Can further be connected between axle (35) and the speed-reducing drums (32),, can controllably drive speed-reducing drums no matter where articulated stand (34) forwards to like this with chain transmission or belt transmission (not drawing on the figure).

In the said and illustrated embodiments of the present invention, the outline diameter of feeding cylinder (30) is about 5 inches (127 millimeters).This roller is a hollow-core construction, has a thicker steel cylindrical wall (43), and thickness is about 5/4 inch (31.75 millimeters).This roller is preferably done more coarsely on the outer surface, so that the fabric (11) that enters is strengthened grip.The feeding cylinder is worked with a constraint guide plate (44) (abbreviating " guide plate " later on as).Both form by guiding plate body (45) and restraint strap profiled inserted-blade (46) for it, in fact just constitute one and have the partly guide plate of (47,48) of smooth cylindrical form interior surface.The diameter of these cylindrical form interior surfaces part is just caing be compared to feeding cylinder (30) bigger (for example to the nominal roller of 5 inches (127 millimeters) directly big approximately 0.04 inch (1 millimeter)), and cylindrical form interior surface (47,48) the center of circle is then than the center of circle of feeding cylinder slightly setover (being to right-hand offset in Fig. 2), so just form a restraint slot (49) that tilts gradually, make it play the effect of guiding and constraint to the fabric (11) that enters, fabric is gone up through one section part (being about 90 °) that is essentially arc at feeding cylinder (30), delivered to the outlet side of guide plate then.

Particularly advantageous is that the installation method of inlet guide plate roughly can be according to the Edmund. the way that the invention (U.S. Patent number 3973303) of love. Di Geer is provided, the open file of this patent can be for referencial use at this.This mechanism comprises a pair of bracket to upper process (50) that can only do limited rotation on feeding cylinder (30) axle head (51) that is contained in.These two brackets are attached on the vertical adjustable rod (53) with rotating joint, and it can controllably be located by handwheel (54) (see figure 1) by machine operation person.By the limited vertical adjustment of bar (53), the axis of the clockwise or counterclockwise threaded shaft of bracket (50) (51) is slightly rotated, so just can do high-precision adjustment to the position of inlet guide plate.

L shaped bracket (55) is that hinge is contained on the axle (56) of prominent bracket (50), and can carry out controlled rotation with respect to last prominent bracket with the single-acting cylinder (57) that every limit all has, when inoperative, actuator (57) is owing to spring orders about, be in the position of inside indentation, make the rotation of L shaped bracket (55) clockwise as shown in Figure 3.Under the air pressure of regulation, the actuating rod of actuator (58) stretches out, and bracket (55) is rotated counterclockwise.

Inlet guide plate (44) all uses trunnion bearing (59) to be contained on the bracket (55) at each end.Guide plate all has the manual piece (60) that can swing adjustment on each limit, manually piece passes the window (61) of bracket (55), and available adjustment bolt (62,63) is adjusted the location in window.

In order to understand the working condition that the bracket assembly that the import guide plate uses is installed, can suppose that guide plate shown in Figure 2 (44) is in its home position.Adjust bolt (62,63), whole guide plate (44) just can be around the axis swing of trunnion bearing (59), so that adjust to the required profile of receiving little constraint space (49) gradually.Utilize the vertical axle (53) of adjusting, when prominent bracket (50) was rotated around the feeding drum shaft, whole guide plate can be around the axis rotation of feeding cylinder (30).So just can carry out meticulous adjustment to the location of feeding guide plate least significant end and the thickness of restraint strap.Whole feeding guide plate is all retracted from the roll gap district between feeding cylinder and the speed-reducing drums (30,32), can stop the effect of air actuators (57), L shaped bracket (55) threaded shaft (56) is turned clockwise.Do like this can open preshrunk work area work area, make one section fabric be easy to penetrate in the machine at first.

Relevantly to the present invention be: restraint strap profiled inserted-blade (46) be not receive gradually little become at last tiny a bit, the Eugene who once mentioned as the front. the said the sort of existing mechanical of Koln and other people patent is shunk equipment in advance.The least significant end of restraint strap profiled inserted-blade of the present invention is actually substantial thickness.Typically can process the tubular knitted of broad range one, width can reach in the machine of 50 inches (1270 millimeters), and the thickness of empiecement least significant end is about 0.12 inch (3 millimeters).Same relevantly be: the bottom surface of restraint strap profiled inserted-blade (66) are the surfaces of stretching and leave feeding cylinder (32) with a bigger acute angle downwards, and in said equipment, this angle generally is about 45 °.The surface (66) at this band oblique angle constitutes the one side of restraint strap, and the back also will explain.

Restraint strap profiled inserted-blade (46) is fixed on the inlet guide plate body, and typical way is to finish with many bolts of arranging at the empiecement width (67) (Fig. 5 and 6).Guiding plate body (45) itself can respectively can be made up of the guiding plate that mounting rail (68) are adjusted many, so that can carry out accurate last adjustment to restraint strap profiled inserted-blade (46).

Directly be contained in below the inlet guide plate (44) is an export orientation plate (69) of being made up of guiding plate body (70) and restraint strap profiled inserted-blade (71).Empiecement (71) as empiecement (46), is curved surfaces (72, the 73) formation by front and back, so that separately in the face of the surface portion on corresponding feeding cylinder and the speed-reducing drums (30,32).Rear arc face (73) must have one section (circular arc that is about 15-20 ° of angle) and the surface topography of speed-reducing drums (32) to coincide at least, so that form the exit passageway (89) of a progressive relaxation, makes fabric can be decelerated cylinder and sends.For example, when the outer radius of speed-reducing drums (32) is about 2.46 inches (62.5 millimeters), the radius of arcwall face (73) is about 2.50 inches (63.5 millimeters), the center of circle of arcwall face (73) can the position on the left side of cylinder axis some, as shown in Figure 2, so that make exit passageway have the slightly profile of flaring, Figure 2 shows that the situation after the amplification.

As shown in Fig. 2 and 6, the profile of restraint strap profiled inserted-blade (71) upper end and the profile of top empiecement (46) lower end are complementary.The thickness of empiecement (74) termination is actually identical (promptly being about 0.12 inch (3 millimeters) in this example), and the restraint strap forming surface (75) above it is the same with surface (66) to be arranged to identical angle.

In the said machine that is particularly suitable for reequiping, critically installed in order to make deceleration guide plate (69), be provided with at two ends all and mounting seat (77) the huge angle member (76) that fixedly secures.Angle member also can be provided with welding enclosure (78) at each end, and this cover system is fixed on the base (77) with bolt (78a).The guiding plate body (70) that slows down is welded on the last leg (79) of angle member securely, as shown in Figure 6, and is provided with recessed shelves (80) so that admit restraint strap profiled inserted-blade (71).On empiecement, there are many oblong slots can carry out precision adjustment to empiecement by many construction bolts (81).Also have many adjustment bolts (83) to be upward through the bottom surface that guiding plate body (70) props up empiecement (71).In the machine of typical 50 inches (1270 millimeters), the spacing of fastening bolt (81) is about 2.6 inches (66 millimeters), and the spacing of vertically adjusting bolt is about 5.2 inches (132 millimeters), and the vertical bolt of adjusting can be joined a pair of fastening bolt.Arrangement can make following restraint strap profiled inserted-blade (71) reach highly accurate with top aiming at of restraint strap profiled inserted-blade (46) like this, can accurately make by the formed restraint strap of upper and lower empiecement face (66,75).

In said equipment, angle steel body assembly system is hinged on the axle (84) of frame (27), and axle (84) has a rest pad (85) to hold on each limit, and this piece and bearing spider are an integral body.This is a kind of installation method easily, because axle (84) and piece (85) all are ready-made on the existing installation base plate of commercially available machinery, just in time uses easily in conjunction with improvement of the present invention these machineries to be reequiped.

The position arrangement of pivot (84) is relevant with the distribution of weight situation of angle member (76) and mounting seat (77), should be as shown in Figure 6, assembly has the trend that turns clockwise under the effect of gravity, and has and make following restraint strap profiled inserted-blade (71) rely on the trend of feeding cylinder (30).But this motion can be adjusted and be limited, and can keep a predetermined minimum interval between the surface of the front arc face (72) of empiecement and feeding cylinder (30).Can fill in the pad (not shown) at feeding cylinder end face end place and come the close action of restriction band profiled inserted-blade (71), or adjust, as shown in Figure 6 with the adjustment bolt (86) that can withstand mounting seat (77).The motion that is rotated counterclockwise that preferably is contained in the empiecement on opposite can be unrestricted in certain limit, can be convenient to cleaning machine like this.For this purpose, the oblong slots (87) of admitting banking pin (87a) can be set in the outer end of base (77).Owing to adjust the adjustment position of bolt (86) and/or fill in the restriction pad, base (77) can play a part to rotate freely in the limit of oval-shaped slot (87) like this, the restriction that existed by speed-reducing drums (32).

When equipment was adjusted for the first time, restraint strap profiled inserted-blade (46,71) should so be located, make their the band oblique angle end surfaces (66,75) upper substantially two mill roll openings apart from minimum part, promptly be basically on the plane that comprises two cylinder axis.The acute ends (88) of following restraint strap profiled inserted-blade (71) is very close with feeding cylinder (30), and the position does not contact with its outer surface.Adjust vertical rod (53) and can make top restraint strap profiled inserted-blade (46) following restraint strap profiled inserted-blade location, make restraint strap forming surface (66,75) leave some distances and can be in the exit flaring slightly.Above empiecement (46) on arc surface (48) be arranged to such an extent that slightly separate some distances with the surface of feeding cylinder, this selects and can be used on the feeding cylinder end face end and put into the restrictive method of adjustment of pad or spacer ring or other and guarantee, the top used air pressure of air pressure actuator (57) is very limited, typical practice is to be slightly larger than zero to about 5 pounds/square inch (0.35 kilogram, power/square centimeter) till, act on an area and be about on the piston of 20 square inches (129 square centimeters).Therefore in the embodiment of-50 inches (1270 millimeters) machines, the effectively power of closing of actuator (57) is about 200 wing (90 kilograms) or still less, only is several pounds (kilograms) on the active force per inch of generation (25.4 millimeters) length.

Crude fabric (11) with smooth form and even width is after entering affined passage (49), owing to just advance by passage under very limited confining pressure in the surface of coarse feeding cylinder.Fabric or tubular knitted two-layer form, or the form of single sheet of other fabrics are all advanced by passage (49) with the superficial velocity of feeding cylinder (30).

Behind the low side that arrives arcwall face (48), fabric turns in the restraint strap by inclined-plane (66,75) formation for empiecement inclined-plane (75) suddenly, and this band is the horn mouth (for example less than 1 °) of trace slightly.

Fabric is crossed restraint strap, and the length of this band is about 0.17 inch (4.3 millimeters) in said equipment, arrives at the outer surface of speed-reducing drums (32) up to fabric.Again be diverted the confined channel (89) that forms by export orientation plate arc containment surfaces (73) and speed-reducing drums outer surface in that amount suddenly.When fabric enters the upper end of affined deceleration passage (89), it obtains the superficial velocity of speed-reducing drums (32) immediately, this speed is controlled by gear (39), can make and change to the superficial velocity that is slower than feeding cylinder (30), can descend 15-25% slowly to some fabric, may must lack slowly other fabrics, decide on the requirement of particular web structure.Under the situation of stable state, the speed of fabric changes to speed after the deceleration from rate of feeding, mainly occurs in the porch of the restraint strap that is formed by inclined-plane (66,75).And then fabric rests in the check strap with preset time, and fabric will be heated and retrain therebetween.

In process of the present invention, we wish can use minimum confining pressure work on thickness direction in restraint strap.Confining pressure and/or confining pressure are too little all can to make cockline but lack fully, and bad order is though there is preshrunk not well-pressed.Therefore, be with handwheel (54) and bar (53) thickness of restraint strap to be adjusted to more biggerly at first than optimum state, so that cause that some are wrinkling, the state of processed fabric just be can be observed.Take place in case observed wrinkling, gradually reduce the thickness of restraint strap with regard to hand wheel, till wrinkling disappearance.

In said equipment, on the surface of speed-reducing drums, once applied the elastomeric material that a layer thickness is about 1/4 inch (6.35 millimeters).But its also available coarse metal surface constitutes.Speed-reducing drums can be pulled to attachment surface (73) by the limited pressure that send hydraulic actuator (37), and the pressure of actuator can be controlled by a variable pressure regulated device (92).Net effort only need get final product so that can reach normal gripping action to fabric enough to setting up effective CONTACT WITH FRICTION with the fabric of discharging from restraint strap.Experience is pointed out, needs a minimum contact pressure for this purpose, just as the same to the needed contact pressure of feeding cylinder for the feeding guide plate.If desired or be ready, can provide adjustable place restrictions on grade (not shown) place restrictions on speed-reducing drums to the attachment surface (73) of following empiecement near action.Under the situation of operate as normal, the distance that feeding cylinder and speed-reducing drums separate just in time is slightly larger than the thickness that restraint strap forms empiecement (46,71), and this can be clear that in Fig. 2.

In processing during most fabric, the fabric that enters be comparative heat with humidity, this is owing to used the cause of the steam that steam chest (20,21) sends.In addition owing to adopted at least the favourable measure that feeding cylinder (30) and feeding guide plate (44) are heated.According to existing and previous equipment characteristic, the most handy electric heater heating that is associated in guiding plate body (45) of inlet guide plate (44).The feeding cylinder can heat in inside with steam or deep fat.Preferably the facility that can control heat medium can be arranged, so that between feeding cylinder (30) and feeding guide plate (44), provide different temperature.

Use method and apparatus of the present invention and obtained considerable and surprising result.Wherein, fabric is former to shrink processing before this in advance in two work areas, can handle in a work area now and than more effective in the past.Also have, exist in the prior art and can in a work area, process tubular knitted special equipment pattern, but known most of this machineries of user and process are very limited on the ability of pre-contraction control.Famous before this Eugene. the method and apparatus of Koln and other peoples' patent, outstanding a bit is the pre-contraction of having the ability to carry out height, promptly 25% and more than.Suitable employing has two pre-machineries that shrink the work area, so that the outward appearance of balance positive and negative but in this case.Even so, concerning some sensitive fabrics, still conditional.Adopt present method and apparatus, can contrast, it can in having a pre-machinery that shrinks the work area, obtain 25% and more than pre-contraction, and the positive and negative outward appearance all reaches the level that can accept well.The process that this uses in industry has at present been represented a noticeable progress.

A very significant aspect of the present invention is that the restraint strap of dihedral is in fact being separated one than the remarkable big distance of fabric thickness with feeding cylinder and speed-reducing drums.As a result, feeding cylinder and speed-reducing drums can be not simultaneously at the positive and negative of same point contact fabric and this two sides is moved with friction speed.Fabric can not be subjected to twisting repeatedly in the preshrunk program yet.Fabric is to come by the feeding band with the confining pressure of a minimum and friction, be to be actually to be in positive and negative to pass through restraint strap under the well-balanced condition then, arrive deceleration strip again, even fabric only uses restraint with the pressure of a minimum, sliding phenomenon does not take place in fabric all the time yet.

In process of the present invention, fabric there is no sliding phenomenon and takes place on feeding cylinder and speed-reducing drums, and this point can be proved by the following fact, and the speed difference between the pre-amount of contraction of promptly preserving and two cylinders has direct and confidential relation.In other words, under normal working condition, 25% drum speed missionary society causes 25% pre-amount of contraction on the fabric of processing.

Another surprising effect with highly favourable of new method and equipment is after processing, the pre-shrunk fabric of the process of completion, and its thickness is preceding just the same with processing.Traditional have in two pre-pressurization shrinkers that shrink work areas one, in some cases, treated fabric may attenuate 15% to 25%, and this is because need be at thickness direction to the fabric cause of substantially pressurizeing when handling.And use method and apparatus of the present invention, and fabric is softly to handle all the time, as long as this just can see from bigger completion thickness.This point is to obtain obviously superior effect concerning handling sensitive fabrics.

Method and apparatus of the present invention is specially adapted to have one to be handled tubular knittedly in the machinery in single pre-contraction work area, because this fabric is with two-layer form processing, and this law act as minimum to the difference that the fabric positive and negative is risen.Therefore seldom can produce different situations on the fabric two sides.Though equipment of the present invention also needs to allow fabric slip over from the attachment surface of feeding and deceleration guide plate, but the equipment of invention might make contact pressure remain on extremely low level now, even so sensitive fabrics, also can tenderness handle meticulously, the outward appearance after the completion that the user pursued will reach minimum degradation.

Might handle fabric and use the interests that also have that extremely low contact pressure brought in single pre-contraction work area is exactly that power needs significantly to reduce.Owing to no longer need partial pre-contraction, the floor space of equipment also significantly reduces.

In the device that this spy explains, pre-shrink that to handle band be with adjacent cylinder surface angle at 45.The minimum and maximum limit of this angle fully do not determined as yet, but it is believed that following these can be used as the basis of further research, promptly should be less than 30 degree with feeding cylinder adjacently situated surfaces angulation, and also should not be greater than about 60 degree.

Method and apparatus of the present invention certainly is used for tubular knitted fabric in addition, and can be applicable to the knitted fabric of open-width, for example various compressible gauze materials and analog thereof.Method and apparatus of the present invention also is applicable to what is called " hygrometric state compacting ", and at this moment fabric is to have bleachinged and dyeing or carried out other with working fluid and handled, and has for example extracted the moisture of 75%-80%, carries out preshrunk then and handles.With before several equipment the time, this once embarrassed because need apply higher pressure on fabric, the result handles the work area pre-the contraction, and the liquid that need not extract has also all been put forward.Use the process and the equipment of invention now,, therefore can significantly reduce or eliminate fully the extraction of the unwanted treatment fluid the processing stage of pre-the contraction because the process of using is to need low contact pressure.

Certainly, be to be understood that the particular form of the present invention of describing and illustrating just is used for a representative here, because wherein also can make some variation that some does not deviate from principle of the present invention.Therefore when determining four corner of the present invention, please refer to appending claims.

Claims (19)

1, apply pre-shrunk method for tubular knitted and analog at length direction, it is characterized in that: comprising:

(a) transporting fabric will be under formation state and wet condition,

(b) said fabric is limited the intake channel of an arc,

(c) to advance forward and pass said arc intake channel be under a kind of state of a control to fabric, and this is that one side by said fabric contacts under limited controllable pressure, and the back side of said fabric then should be lived by constraint tightly,

(d) during said fabric feeding, utilize low Pneumatic pressure flexiblely to keep said limited controllable pressure,

(e) said fabric is limited the restraint strap of a weak point, two opposites of said fabric are restrained at that time,

(f) said restraint strap length is shorter, is approximately the part inch, to grow than the thickness of fabric simultaneously,

(g) entrance point of said restraint strap is positioned at the port of export of the said arc intake channel of next-door neighbour, and is arranged at an angle between 30 ° and 60 °,

(h) make fabric outside said arc intake channel, turn to suddenly to enter said restraint strap and under limited confining pressure, advance and pass said restraint strap,

(i) thus in said restraint strap the said confining pressure of adjustable ground control confining pressure be unlikely to greater than must value avoiding the wrinkling of fabric,

(j) be the exit passageway that said fabric limits an arc, and deviate from said intake channel,

(k) entrance point of said arc exit passageway is the port of export that is connected to said confined channel, and has arranged the angle of a zig zag there,

(l) under controllable fluid pressure, said fabric is flexiblely constrained in the said exit passageway,

(m) make fabric in said arc import and exit ramp under such a case, controllably driven so that the speed of fabric by said arc intake channel controlledly greater than the speed of fabric by said arc exit passageway.

2, according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that,

(a) said fabric is heated in the said operation of advancing,

(b) said heating is controlledly to carry out from the back side of fabric.

3, according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that,

When (a) said fabric is conducted through said restraint strap, concerning the port of export of said arc intake channel, becomes miter angle approximately and have a distance to be about 0.17 inch (4.3 millimeters).

4, according to the method for claim 3, it is characterized in that,

(a) said fabric comprise a kind of tubular knitted,

(b) said tubular knitted when transporting by lateral magnification to a predetermined even width, when keeping such width, stifling with steam.

5, according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that,

(a) when beginning applying an inadequate confining pressure preventing the wrinkling of fabric in said restraint strap on the said fabric,

(b) increase said confining pressure gradually till said wrinkling being prevented from,

(c) the said confining pressure of maintenance on said wrinkling avertible level, still is not greater than this pressure basically basically.

6, according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that,

(a) said fabric is constrained in the said restraint strap, and contacts with the positive and negative two sides of fabric and to use restraint,

(b) the positive and negative two sides of said fabric is being moved with the same relative velocity of restraint strap part that contacts with it with respect to them.

7, according to the method for claim 6, it is characterized in that,

(a) to keep during the process of said fabric be stationary state to said restraint strap basically.

8, according to the method for claim 7, it is characterized in that,

(a) said two opposites of said restraint strap are to limit the tendency that it leaves by controllable limited fluid pressure, and the thickness of said restraint strap can be increased to adapt to the passage that the gripping object that has increased thickness passes through said restraint strap by the separating force of predesignating again.

9, the pre-shrunk device of tubular knitted and analog is characterized in that, comprising:

(a) feeding cylinder,

(b) fabric of entrance point constraint guide plate adapts with the part surface of said feeding cylinder usually and defines a restrained arc intake channel there,

(c) for said entrance point being retrained the device that guide plate and feeding cylinder adjustable ground carry out the control of relative motion, between towards each other, apply the limited pressure that control is arranged,

(d) rotatable speed-reducing drums, this cylinder are installed in and are in close proximity to and are parallel to said feeding cylinder place,

(e) axis of said feeding and speed-reducing drums defines a datum plane, and this datum plane passes a zone, and said feeding is drawn close the most mutually with speed-reducing drums and is in the same place in this zone,

(f) said feeding and the speed-reducing drums distance that is spaced to each other at said datum plane place, this distance be greater than the thickness of handled fabric,

(g) part surface of port of export constraint guide plate and said speed-reducing drums adapts and defines an arc exit passageway there,

(h) carry out the feasible device of drawing close each other of the relative application of force for the said port of export being retrained guide plate and said speed-reducing drums adjustable ground,

(i) said two constraint guide plates have that empiecement type extension is outstanding to be between said two cylinders and to intersect with plane domain that the axis of said two cylinders forms,

(j) surface that comprises two opposed facing said empiecement type extensions forms the device that a restraint strap couples together said arc intake channel and said arc exit passageway.

10, according to the pre-constriction device of claim 9, it is characterized in that,

(a) arrange or be approximately miter angle between said pre-contraction bands and said feeding cylinder surface.

11, according to the pre-constriction device of claim 10, it is characterized in that,

(a) thus one of said constraint guide plate is installed into and can the thickness of said restraint strap can be controlledly increased or reduce around making limited ground pivotal motion with the axis of its synergistic cylinder.

12, according to the pre-constriction device of claim 9, it is characterized in that,

(a) in order to regulate the device of the relative position between said constraint guide plate and the said cylinder, this device comprises hydraulic control unit and adjustable pressure regulation device.

13, according to the pre-constriction device of claim 9, it is characterized in that,

(a) adjustable position control is used for controlling said two empiecement type extensions and shifts to relative to one another and draw close or leave.

14, according to the pre-constriction device of claim 9, it is characterized in that,

(a) the constraint guide plate that provides independent device to heat said feeding cylinder and said entrance point.

15, according to the pre-constriction device of claim 9, it is characterized in that,

(a) said feeding cylinder is metal structure and has a coarse outer surface.

16, according to the pre-constriction device of claim 15, it is characterized in that,

(a) said speed-reducing drums has a flexible outer surface.

17, according to the pre-constriction device of claim 9, it is characterized in that,

(a) be installed into can be around making limited pivotal motion with the axis of its synergistic cylinder at least one in the said constraint guide plate, thereby make the thickness of said restraint strap can controlledly increase or reduce controllably to avoid the wrinkling of fabric.

18, according to the pre-constriction device of claim 17, it is characterized in that,

(a) in order to regulate the device of the relative position between said constraint guide plate and the said cylinder, this device comprises hydraulic control unit and adjustable pressure regulation device.

19, according to the pre-constriction device of claim 9, it is characterized in that,

(a) first apply device is used for controllably and flexiblely said entrance point constraint guide plate is pushed to the surface of said feeding cylinder,

(b) second apply device is used for controllably said speed-reducing drums being pushed to said port of export constraint guide plate.

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