CN102985496B - 涂层*** - Google Patents
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- CN102985496B CN102985496B CN201180032840.0A CN201180032840A CN102985496B CN 102985496 B CN102985496 B CN 102985496B CN 201180032840 A CN201180032840 A CN 201180032840A CN 102985496 B CN102985496 B CN 102985496B
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- -1 vinyl aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- JHPBZFOKBAGZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethylpentyl) 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)C(C)(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C JHPBZFOKBAGZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical group OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 5
- NTQGILPNLZZOJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N disilicon Chemical compound [Si]#[Si] NTQGILPNLZZOJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC=C GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 5
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CCJAYIGMMRQRAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylideneamino]butyliminomethyl]phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C=NCCCCN=CC1=CC=CC=C1O CCJAYIGMMRQRAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OBHKQIOOIQZAAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-triethoxysilylacetonitrile Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC#N)(OCC)OCC OBHKQIOOIQZAAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- DNTMQTKDNSEIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)NCO DNTMQTKDNSEIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C=C PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
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- XMTYMJRPVFGBIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethoxysilane Chemical compound CCOCCO[SiH3] XMTYMJRPVFGBIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ZDQWESQEGGJUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl adipate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OC(C)C ZDQWESQEGGJUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
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- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910008051 Si-OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical group C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKXDEFIEGAVNOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [SiH4].[C] Chemical compound [SiH4].[C] IKXDEFIEGAVNOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBIILJCATVGHHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [diethoxy(phenyl)silyl]methanamine Chemical compound NC[Si](OCC)(OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 RBIILJCATVGHHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LPQOADBMXVRBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1ldcw0 Chemical compound Cl.C1CN(C)CCN1C1=C(F)C=C2C(=O)C(C(O)=O)=CN3CCSC1=C32 LPQOADBMXVRBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YRAVMATXWNDGAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;ethene;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=C.CC(O)=O.OC(=O)C=C YRAVMATXWNDGAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011400 blast furnace cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
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- AHUXYBVKTIBBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy(diphenyl)silane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 AHUXYBVKTIBBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RPQRDASANLAFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC1CO1 RPQRDASANLAFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC=C FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RCIJACVHOIKRAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;1,4-dioctoxy-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CC(S(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)OCCCCCCCC RCIJACVHOIKRAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- FKLSONDBCYHMOQ-ONEGZZNKSA-N trans-dodec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O FKLSONDBCYHMOQ-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JCVQKRGIASEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 JCVQKRGIASEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
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- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/56—Three layers or more
- B05D7/58—No clear coat specified
- B05D7/584—No clear coat specified at least some layers being let to dry, at least partially, before applying the next layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/56—Three layers or more
- B05D7/58—No clear coat specified
- B05D7/586—No clear coat specified each layer being cured, at least partially, separately
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D1/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on inorganic substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D123/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D123/02—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09D123/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C09D123/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C09D123/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
- C09D123/0869—Acids or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/66—Additives characterised by particle size
- C09D7/69—Particle size larger than 1000 nm
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D11/00—Roof covering, as far as not restricted to features covered by only one of groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00; Roof covering in ways not provided for by groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00, e.g. built-up roofs, elevated load-supporting roof coverings
- E04D11/02—Build-up roofs, i.e. consisting of two or more layers bonded together in situ, at least one of the layers being of watertight composition
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D5/00—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form
- E04D5/10—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form by making use of compounded or laminated materials, e.g. metal foils or plastic films coated with bitumen
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D7/00—Roof covering exclusively consisting of sealing masses applied in situ; Gravelling of flat roofs
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00586—Roofing materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
- C08K3/013—Fillers, pigments or reinforcing additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
本发明提供包括a)基质层、b)中间层、和c)顶层的涂层***,其中a)、b)和c)的每一层基于矿物粘合剂、填料、来自一种或多种烯键式不饱和单体的聚合物和可选的另外的添加剂,并且其中中间层包含另外的轻质集料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及包括三层基于矿物粘合剂、填料、聚合物的涂层***,更具体地涉及屋面***,以及用于制备这样的涂层***的方法。
背景技术
在建筑工程中,为了满足隔热和隔音以及防雨或防雪的需要制备包括多个不同层的涂层***是非常普遍的。由于建筑物的长期使用和对于它们维修的高成本,建筑物的每一构造单元满足高要求是高度重要的。对于暴露于极端温度和水的涂层***,如屋面***更是如此。因此,涂层***的耐久性是特别有意义的。
因此,到目前已经开发了多种涂层***。五层或更多层涂层***非常普遍。这样的***包括例如由溶解的沥青制备的底漆(底层,primer)、第二沥青膜或合成膜、第三隔离板,如挤出的聚苯乙烯、主要为针织形式的聚酯或聚丙烯的第四土工织物、以及最后的碎石顶层。这样的多层涂层***的制备是非常劳动力密集、成本密集和时间密集的。此外,许多必须应用的不同成分在建筑工地导致复杂的后勤(保障)。例如在FRA2554151、US4272936、KR20040025261、CN1417432、CN101413326、CN201195921或CN1777893中描述了这样的或相关的***。
发明内容
因此,一个目的是提供涂层***,特别是屋面***,其表现出高技术性能,如非常高的耐久性和非常好的隔离性能,且其基于几种或更多种的类似可加工组分,并且其可以以更具时间效益和成本效益的方式制备。
通过包括a)基质层、b)中间层和c)顶层的涂层***实现这些目标和进一步的目标,其中a)、b)和c)的每一层基于矿物粘合剂、填料、来自一种或多种烯键式(烯属,ethylenically)不饱和单体的聚合物和可选的另外的添加剂,和其中中间层包含另外的轻质集料。
轻质集料一般被称为低密度集料,如蛭石、珍珠岩、poraver玻璃珠、空心玻璃球、天然轻质集料,如浮石、膨胀粘土或页岩,如ridgelite或utelite、烧结粉煤灰(sinteredpulverisedfuelash)。
来自烯键式不饱和单体的适合的聚合物为例如基于来自包括具有1至15个碳原子的羧酸的乙烯基酯、羧酸与未分支或分支的具有1至15个碳原子的醇的甲基丙烯酸酯或丙烯酸酯、烯烃和二烯烃、乙烯基芳族化合物和乙烯基卤化物的组中的一种或多种单体的那些。
优选的乙烯基酯是醋酸乙烯酯、丙酸乙烯酯、丁酸乙烯酯、2-乙基己酸乙烯酯、月桂酸乙烯酯、乙酸1-甲基乙烯酯、新戊酸乙烯酯和具有9至13个碳原子的α-分支的一元羧酸,例如VeoVa9R或VeoVa10R(壳牌公司的商品名)的乙烯酯。特别优选的是醋酸乙烯酯。
优选的甲基丙烯酸酯或丙烯酸酯是丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、甲基丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、甲基丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、丙烯酸降冰片基酯(丙烯酸降莰烷基酯)。优选为丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸正丁酯和丙烯酸2-乙基己酯。
优选的烯烃和二烯烃是乙烯、丙烯和1,3-丁二烯。优选的乙烯基芳族化合物是苯乙烯和乙烯基甲苯。适合的乙烯基卤化物是氯乙烯。
如果适合,可将基于基础聚合物的总重量,按重量计从0.05至20%,优选按重量计从1至10%的辅助单体共聚到其中。辅助单体的实例是烯键式不饱和一元羧酸和二元羧酸,优选丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、富马酸和马来酸;烯键式不饱和羧酰胺和羧基腈,优选为丙烯酰胺和丙烯腈;富马酸和马来酸的单酯和二酯,例如二乙基酯和二异丙基酯,以及马来酸酐、烯键式不饱和磺酸或它们的盐,优选乙烯基磺酸,2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸。另外的实例是预交联共聚单体,如多烯键式不饱和共聚单体,例如己二酸二乙烯基酯、马来酸二烯丙基酯、甲基丙烯酸烯丙酯或氰尿酸三烯丙基酯,或后交联共聚单体,例如丙烯酰胺基乙醇酸(AGA)、甲基丙烯酰胺基乙醇酸甲酯(MAGME)、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺(NMA)、N-羟甲基甲基丙烯酰胺(NMMA)、氨基甲酸N-羟甲基烯丙基酯,烷基醚如异丁氧基醚,或N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺、N-羟甲基甲基丙烯酰胺和氨基甲酸N-羟甲基烯丙基酯的酯。也适合的是环氧官能化共聚单体如甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯和丙烯酸缩水甘油酯。另外的实例是硅官能化共聚单体,如丙烯酰氧基丙基三(烷氧基)硅烷和甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三(烷氧基)硅烷、乙烯基三烷氧基硅烷和乙烯基甲基二烷氧基硅烷,其中,例如,甲氧基、乙氧基和乙氧基丙二醇醚基团可以作为烷氧基存在。也可以提及具有羟基或CO基团的单体,例如甲基丙烯酸和丙烯酸的羟基烷基酯,例如丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的羟乙基酯、羟丙基酯或羟丁基酯,以及化合物,如丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的双丙酮丙烯酰胺和乙酰基乙酰氧基乙基酯化合物。另外的实例是乙烯基醚,如甲基乙烯基醚、乙基乙烯基醚或异丁基乙烯基醚。
适合的均聚物和共聚物的实例是乙烯基酯均聚物、一种或多种乙烯基酯与乙烯的共聚物、乙酸乙烯酯与乙烯和一种或多种另外的乙烯基酯的共聚物、一种或多种乙烯基酯与乙烯和丙烯酸酯的共聚物、苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物、苯乙烯-1,3-丁二烯共聚物。一种或多种乙烯基卤化物与α-烯烃(如乙烯或丙烯)和/或乙烯基酯(如乙酸乙烯酯)和/或未分支的或分支的具有1至15个碳原子的醇的(甲基)丙烯酸酯的共聚物,如(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸正丁酯,(甲基)丙烯酸叔丁酯、或(甲基)丙烯酸2-乙基己酯。
优选的是醋酸乙烯酯均聚物;乙酸乙烯酯和按重量计从1到40%的乙烯的共聚物;乙酸乙烯酯和按重量计从1到40%的乙烯和按重量计从1到50%的一种或多种另外的共聚单体的共聚物,该共聚单体来自包括具有1至12个碳原子的羧酸基团的乙烯基酯,例如丙酸乙烯酯、月桂酸乙烯酯、具有9至13个碳原子的α-分支的羧酸例如VeoVa9R、VeoVa10R、VeoVa11R的乙烯基酯的组中;乙酸乙烯酯、按重量计从1至40%的乙烯和优选地按重量计从1至60%的未分支或分支的具有1至15个碳原子的醇的丙烯酸酯(特别是丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯)的共聚物;以及包含按重量计从30至75%的乙酸乙烯酯、按重量计从1至30%的月桂酸乙烯酯或具有9至11个碳原子的α-未分支羧酸的乙烯酯、以及按重量计从1至30%的未分支或分支的具有1至15个碳原子的醇的丙烯酸酯(特别是丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯)的共聚物,其可另外包含按重量计从1至40%的乙烯;包含乙酸乙烯酯、按重量计从1至40%的乙烯和按重量计从1至60%的氯化乙烯的共聚物;包含按重量计从30至75%的氯化乙烯、按重量计从1至30%的月桂酸乙烯酯或具有9至11个碳原子的α-未分支羧酸的乙烯酯、以及按重量计从1至40%的乙烯的共聚物;其中聚合物可以按指明的量包含另外的以上提到的辅助单体,以及在每一种情况中按重量计%的数字加至按重量计100%。
还优选的是(甲基)丙烯酸酯聚合物,如丙烯酸正丁酯或丙烯酸2-乙基己酯共聚物、或甲基丙烯酸甲酯与丙烯酸正丁酯和/或丙烯酸2-乙基己酯和(如果适合)乙烯的共聚物;包含一种或多种来自由丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己基酯构成的组中的单体的苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物;包含一种或多种来自由丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯,丙烯酸2-乙基己基酯和(如果适合)乙烯构成的组中的单体的乙酸-丙烯酸乙烯酯共聚物;苯乙烯-1,3-丁二烯共聚物;乙烯卤化物聚合物,如氯乙烯和乙烯的共聚物;其中聚合物可以按指明的量包含另外的以上提到的辅助单体,以及在每一种情况中按重量计%的数字加至按重量计100%。
选择单体和共聚单体的重量比,因此通常导致-50℃至+50℃,优选-30℃至+40℃的玻璃化转变温度Tg。聚合物的玻璃化转变温度Tg可以以已知的方式通过差示扫描量热法(DSC)测定。还可以通过福克斯公式预先近似计算Tg。根据FoxT.G.,Bull.Am.PhysicsSoc.1,3,123页(1956):1/Tg=x1/Tg1+x2/Tg2+...+xn/Tgn,其中xn是单体n的质量分数(按重量计%/100)而Tgn是单体n的均聚物的开尔文玻璃化转变温度。在PolymerHandbook2ndEdition,J.Wiley&Sons,NewYork(1975)中给出了均聚物的Tg值。
以本身已知的方式,优选在水性介质中,通常是通过乳液聚合过程,例如在DE-A102006007282中描述的方法制备聚合物。可以使用乳化剂稳定的分散体或用保护性胶体稳定的分散体。基于单体的总重量,分散体优选包含1至20重量百分比的量的保护性胶体。保护性胶体可以是阴离子型或优选的非离子型或阳离子型或非离子型和阳离子型的保护性胶体的组合。优选的非离子型保护性胶体是聚乙烯醇。适合的阳离子型保护性胶体是具有阳离子电荷的聚合物。例如在E.W.Flick,Water-SolubleResins-anIndustrialGuide,NoyesPublications,ParkRidge,N.J.,1991中描述了这样的聚合物。为了制备水再分散性聚合物粉末形式的聚合物,优选在加入干燥助剂,如聚乙烯醇后,干燥得到的水分散体形式的聚合物。干燥的方法可以是喷雾干燥、冷冻干燥,或通过流化床干燥后聚沉分散体。优选喷雾干燥。基于聚合物成分的总重量,水再分散粉末形式的聚合物包含3至30重量百分数的量的保护性胶体。
聚合物优选以通过一种或多种保护性胶体稳定的水再分散粉末形式来应用。
来自烯键式不饱和单体的聚合物也可以以包含一种或多种来自优选通过一种或多种保护性胶体稳定的烯键式不饱和单体的聚合物,和一种或多种另外的添加剂,如疏水添加剂H)的聚合物组合物的形式来应用。这样的疏水化添加剂H)的实例是添加剂H1),即脂肪酸或脂肪酸衍生物和/或添加剂H2),即有机硅化合物。一般而言,在每种情况中基于聚合物组合物的总重量,添加剂H)以按重量计1%至20%,优选按重量计1%至10%的量使用。
一般而言,适合用作添加剂H1)的是来自由具有8至22个碳原子的脂肪酸、它们的金属皂、它们的酰胺、它们与具有1至14个碳原子的一元醇、与二醇、与聚二醇、与聚亚烷基二醇、与甘油、与单乙醇胺、二乙醇胺或三乙醇胺、或与单糖的酯构成的组中的脂肪酸化合物。
脂肪酸的实例是正十二烷酸、正十四烷酸、正十六烷酸、正十八烷酸、9-十二碳烯酸。适合的金属皂是以上提到的脂肪酸与来自主族的金属锂、钠、钾、镁、钙、铝和锌和与铵化合物的那些。适合的脂肪酸酰胺是可用单乙醇胺或二乙醇胺以及用上述的C8至C22脂肪酸得到的那些。例如,脂肪酸酯是说明的C8至C22脂肪酸的C1至C14烷基和烷基芳基酯,优选甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、乙基己基酯和苄酯。适合的脂肪酸酯也可以是说明的C8至C22脂肪酸的单二醇酯、二(二醇酯)和聚二醇酯。另外的适合的脂肪酸酯是具有可达20个氧化烯单元的聚二醇和/或聚亚烷基二醇,如聚乙二醇和聚丙二醇的单酯和二酯。还适合的是丙三醇与说明的C8至C22脂肪酸的单脂肪酸酯、二脂肪酸酯和三脂肪酸酯,还有单乙醇胺、二乙醇胺和三乙醇胺与说明的C8至C22饱和脂肪酸的单脂肪酸酯、二脂肪酸酯和三脂肪酸酯。还适合的是山梨醇和甘露醇的脂肪酸酯。
特别优选的是月桂酸和油酸的C1至C14烷基和烷基芳基的酯、月桂酸和油酸的单甘醇酯和二甘醇酯、以及甘油与月桂酸和油酸的单脂肪酸酸酯、二脂肪酸酸酯和三脂肪酸酸酯。
适合的添加剂H2)是硅酸酯类Si(OR′)4,硅烷如四有机硅烷SiR4和有机有机氧硅烷SiRn(OR′)4-n(n=1至3),具有优选地通式R3Si(SiR2)nSiR3(n=0至500)的聚硅烷,有机硅烷醇SiRn(OH)4-n,通式RcHdSi(OR′)e(OH)fO(4-c-d-e-f)/2的单元组成的二硅氧烷、低聚硅氧烷和聚硅氧烷(c=0至3,d=0至1,e=0至3,f=0至3,以及每单元的c+d+e+f不大于3.5),在各自情况中R是相同的或不同的并代表分支或未分支的具有1至22个碳原子的烷基基团、具有3至10个碳原子的环烷基基团、具有2至4个碳原子的烯基基团和具有6至18个碳原子的芳基、芳烷基和烷芳基基团,以及R’代表在各自情况下相同或不同的具有1至4个碳原子的烷基和烷氧基亚烷基基团,优选甲基和乙基,基团R和R′还可以被卤素(如Cl)或被醚、硫醚、酯、酰胺、腈、羟基、胺、羧基、磺酸、羧酸酐和羰基基团取代,以及在聚硅烷的情况中对于R可以具有OR’的定义。还适合的是碳硅烷、聚碳硅烷、碳硅氧烷、聚碳硅氧烷和聚亚甲硅烷基二硅氧烷。
优选的添加剂H2)是四甲氧基硅烷、四乙氧基硅烷、甲基三丙氧基硅烷、甲基三(乙氧基乙氧基)硅烷、乙烯基三(甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷、(甲基)丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、(甲基)丙烯酰氧基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-氯丙基三乙氧基硅烷、β-氮川乙基三乙氧基硅烷(β-次氮基乙基三乙氧基硅烷,β-nitriloethyltriethoxysilane)、γ-巯基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-巯基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、苯基三乙氧基硅烷、异辛基三乙氧基硅烷、正辛基三乙氧基硅烷、十六烷基三乙氧基硅烷、二丙基二乙氧基硅烷、甲基苯基二乙氧基硅烷、二苯基二甲氧基硅烷、甲基乙烯基三(乙氧基乙氧基)硅烷、四甲基二乙氧基乙硅烷、三甲基三甲氧基乙硅烷、三甲基三乙氧基乙硅烷、二甲基四甲氧基乙硅烷、二甲基四乙氧基乙硅烷、末端用三甲基硅氧基基团封闭的甲基氢化聚硅氧烷、二甲基硅氧烷和末端用三甲基硅氧基基团封闭的甲基氢化硅氧烷单元的共聚物、二甲基聚硅氧烷、以及末端单元中具有Si-OH基团的二甲基聚硅氧烷。最优选的是有机有机氧硅烷SiRn(OR′)4-n(n=1至3),特别是异辛基三乙氧基硅烷、正辛基三乙氧基硅烷和十六烷基三乙氧基硅烷。
聚合物组合物可以水分散体形式或优选地以水可再分散粉末的微粉形式(minform)存在。聚合物组合物的制备在本领域中是已知的并且例如在EP-A1763553中加以描述。
适合的矿物粘合剂是例如水泥,如波特兰水泥或高炉水泥(blastfunastcement)、矾土水泥、硅尘水泥(silicadustcement)、石膏、水玻璃或熟石灰(limehydrate)。优选的是可选地与矾土水泥结合的波特兰水泥。
可使用的填料的实例是碳酸盐,如白云石、方解石和白垩形式的碳酸钙。另外的实例是硅酸盐,如滑石形式的硅酸镁、或硅酸铝如壤土和粘土;石英粉、石英砂、高分散二氧化硅、长石、重晶石和轻晶石(lightspar),具有凝硬反应的填料,如粉煤灰、偏高岭土、硅微粉(微细二氧化硅,microsilica)或橡胶碎屑。同样适合的是纤维状填料。在实践中,经常使用不同填料的混合物。基于填料的总重量,一般应用按重量计小于10%,优选小于5%的砾石。更优选地不应用砾石。
填料具有优选地从0.01至4mm,特别优选地从0.05至0.5mm的平均直径。
另外的添加剂的实例是颜料,二氧化钛的实例作为无机颜料,以及常用的有机颜料。另外的添加剂的实例是润湿剂,基于相应配制品的总重量,通常以按重量计0.1%至0.5%的分数。这样的实例是聚磷酸钠或聚磷酸钾、聚丙烯酸类及其盐。应提到的其他添加剂包括增稠剂,其通常基于相应配制品的总重量,以按重量计0.01%至2.0%的量使用。常用增稠剂是作为无机增稠剂实例的纤维素醚、淀粉、层状硅酸盐、或膨润土。
进一步的添加剂是防腐剂、消泡剂、气孔形成剂(air-poreformers)、增塑剂、阻燃剂、促进剂和防冻剂(frostpreventatives)。
用于制备基质层a)的典型配制品包含按重量计5%至25%,优选按重量计8%至20%的一种或多种矿物粘合剂,按重量计10%至30%,优选为按重量计10%至25%的一种或多种聚合物,和按重量计50%至85%,优选按重量计60%至80%的一种或多种填料,和可选的按重量计0.01%至5%,优选按重量计0.1%至2%的一种或多种添加剂,配制品中重量%的量加至按重量计100%。此外,基于配制品的总重量,使用按重量计20%至40%的水。
包含一种或多种乙烯基酯和乙烯单元的聚合物对基质层a)是优选的。应用以制备基质层a)的聚合物具有优选从-20℃至+20℃的玻璃化转变温度Tg。聚合物的量以及玻璃化转变温度Tg促进基质层a)的弹性(挠性,flexibility)并防止涂层***出现裂纹。
用于制备中间层b)的典型制剂包含按重量计30%至70%,优选按重量计40%至60%的一种或多种矿物粘合剂,按重量计0.1%至10%,优选为按重量计0.5%至5%的一种或多种聚合物,和按重量计10%至50%,优选按重量计20%至40%的一种或多种轻质集料,除轻质集料外按重量计10%至30%,优选按重量计15%至25%的一种或多种填料,按重量计0%至5%,优选按重量计0.1%至2%的一种或多种添加剂,优选为增塑剂或延缓剂(缓速剂,retardant),配制品中重量%的量加至按重量计100%。此外,基于配制品的总重量,使用按重量计20%至30%的水。
中间层b)包含轻质集料,优选蛭石、珍珠岩、poraver玻璃珠、空心玻璃球、天然轻质集料,如浮石粉、膨胀粘土或页岩,如ridgelite或utelite、烧结粉煤灰或其多种混合物(掺混物)。更优选的轻质集料是珍珠岩、poraver玻璃珠或蛭石。轻质集料具有优选从1至4mm,特别优选从2至4mm的平均直径。
中间层b)优选含超细填料,如微硅粉(microsilica)、二氧化硅粉、碳酸钙,优选地与上面提到的填料组合。基于填料的总重量,超细填料的量优选为按重量计1%至5%,更优选按重量计1.5%至4%。超细填料的应用减少了涂层***中孔的数量或孔体积并提高了涂层***的密度。
应用于中间层b)的矿物粘合剂优选是矾土水泥和一种或多种矿物粘合剂的结合。矾土水泥与水泥的比率优选是1至3直到3至1。这些措施加速了涂层***的制造速度。
包含一种或多种乙烯基酯和乙烯单元的聚合物对中间层b)是优选的。
用于制备顶层c)的典型配制品包含按重量计35%至50%,优选按重量计40%至50%的一种或多种矿物粘合剂,按重量计1%至5%,优选按重量计为1%至5%的一种或多种聚合物和/或包含一种或多种疏水化添加剂H)的一种或多种聚合物组合物,和按重量计40%至60%,优选按重量计45%至55%的填料,按重量计0%至5%,优选按重量计0.05%至2%的一种或多种添加剂,如增稠剂或颜料,配制品中重量%的量加至按重量计100%。此外,基于配制品的总重量,使用按重量计20%至40%,优选按重量计20%至30%的水。
包含氯乙烯、一种或多种乙烯酯(如乙酸乙烯酯和/或月桂酸乙烯酯)和乙烯单元的聚合物优选用于顶层c)。
使用用于基质层a)、中间层b)或顶层c)的各自配制品的组分制备涂布剂a)、b)或c)。涂布剂的制备不与任何特定方法相关,并可以使用公知的设备进行。优选地,首先混合各配制品的干组分,并随后加入水和液态组分。
用于基质层a)的适合的基底(underground)是水泥粘结的基底,例如,如混凝土或砂浆层(screed)、石块或大圆石(巨石,boulder)。
每一涂布剂a)、b)、和c)可通过手动方法或机械方法,如喷涂机施加。涂布剂经常在建筑区的通常温度,如在从0至50℃的温度下施加。为了制备涂层***,用一层或多层涂布剂a)涂布基底,在其上施加一层或多层涂布剂b),在其上施加一层或多层涂布剂c)。中间层b)优选直接施加到基质层a)上。顶层c)优选直接施加到中间层b)上。一般情况下,涂布剂a)、b)和c)在另一涂布剂施加到其上前已经固化。
可替代地,在涂布剂a)施加前,将基底用一种或多种底漆(底层,primer)涂布。可替代地,但次优选地,可在层a)和层b)之间或在中间层b)和顶层c)之间施加另外的涂层。此外,可精整顶层c),如用瓦覆盖。
一般情况下,涂布剂b)在施加涂布剂a)0.5至10天,更优选1至5天后施加。一般情况下,涂布剂c)在施加涂布剂b)0.5至10天,更优选1至5天后施加。在基质层a)施加,优选10天,更优选7天后整个涂层***较好固化。
基质层a)的厚度优选是0.1至1cm,更优选0.2至0.4cm。中间层b)的厚度优选是1至5cm,更优选2至3cm。顶层c)的厚度优选是0.1至1cm,更优选0.2至0.4cm。整个涂层***的厚度优选是2至7cm,更优选2至4cm。
涂层***的最优选的应用是用于屋面***。
有利地,对于在建筑现场的生产时间以及后勤工作,即时涂层***的制备非常有效。原材料以一致的形式存在并作为即用预混合料供给到工地,这样对于每一涂层仅需要处理一种涂布剂并且用于不同层的涂布剂可以相同方式施加,例如用相同的机械。此外,即时涂层***具有优异的技术性能,如高防水性、对于机械应变的弹性(挠性)、太阳辐射、对抗热或冷的热隔离以及消音(性能)。
但是本发明的最重要的方面是不同层a)、b)和c)的协同作用,其导致令人惊讶的***的高耐久性,例如通常对涂层***,特别是屋面***的非常高的抵抗力需求,如例如对抗热、冷、水和霜、太阳照射或腐蚀性气体。这延长了涂层***以及整个建筑物的寿命并减少了对于非常成本密集的修复的需要。
具体实施方式
下列实施例用来进一步说明本发明。
通过混合如在EN14891:2006中描述的以下组分制备涂布剂a):
以及基于配方(recipe)的干组分的总重量,50%的水。
*:聚乙烯醇稳定的水再分散性粉末形式的乙酸乙烯酯-乙烯共聚物。
用直边镘刀将涂布剂a)施加到混凝土基板上,以得到具有0.3cm厚度的基质层a)。在如EN14891:2006中定义的标准条件下储存28天后,根据EN14891:2006测试基质层a)。结果列于表1。
表1:获得的基质层a)的测试结果
根据EN14891:2006测试 | 基质层a) |
拉伸粘结力(Tensile Adhesion)[N/mm2] | 1.74 |
静水压力 | 承受1.5bar,持续7天 |
裂缝弥合能力(Crack bridging ability)[mm] | 0.60 |
通过混合如在EN-1:2004中描述的以下组分制备涂布剂b):
以及基于配方的干组分的总重量25%的水。
*:聚乙烯醇稳定的水再分散性粉末形式的乙酸乙烯酯-乙烯共聚物。
用直边镘刀将涂布剂b)施加到混凝土基板上,以得到具有2.5cm厚度的中间层b)。在根据EN13813:2005的标准条件下储存表2中的特定时间后,根据EN13813:2005测试中间层b)。结果列于表2。
表2:获得的中间层b)的测试结果
通过混合如在EN196-1:2004中描述的以下组分制备涂布剂c):
以及基于配方的干组分的总重量,25%的水。
*:聚乙烯醇稳定的水再分散性粉末形式的聚合物组合物,包含硬脂酸钙和来自氯乙烯、乙酸乙烯酯和乙烯的三元共聚物。
用直边镘刀将涂布剂c)施加到混凝土基板上,以得到具有0.3cm厚度的顶层c)。在如EN14891中定义的标准条件下储存28天后,根据EN14891测试顶层c)。结果列于表3。
表3:获得的顶层c)的测试结果:
顶层c) | |
抗压强度[N/mm2] | 33.5 |
弯曲强度[N/mm2] | 8.7 |
收缩率[mm/m] | 1.71 |
不透水性(Water Impermeability)-EN 14891 | 承受1.5bar,持续7天 |
通过以下顺序进行以下步骤来构建涂层***:
-用直边镘刀将来自以上描述的实验的涂布剂a)施加到混凝土基板上,以得到具有0.3cm厚度的基质层a);
-在如EN14891:2006中定义的标准条件下,将这样获得的层储存3天得到基质层a);
-用直边镘刀将来自以上描述实验的涂布剂b)施加到上述的基质层a)上;
-在如EN14891:2006中定义的标准条件下,将这样获得的层储存3天;然后,基于涂布剂a)和b)的涂层***具有2.8cm的厚度;
-用直边镘刀将来自以上描述实验的涂布剂c)施加到上述的基于涂布剂a)和b)的涂层***上;
-在如EN14891:2006中定义的标准条件下,将这样获得的层储存1天;然后,整个涂层***,例如基于涂布剂a)、b)和c)的涂层***具有3.1cm的厚度。
针对以下两个标准测试整个涂层***:
1)根据ASTMC518测量导热性,而结果为平均0.2W/m.K。以在24小时内质量变化小于1%的方式调节(养护,conditioning)样品。根据ASTMC518-02条款7.3进行样品的调节(养护)。
2)根据ASTME-90:2004进行隔音测试。通过使用该***提高的STC是4dB。
Claims (11)
1.包括a)基质层、b)中间层、和c)顶层的涂层***,其中a)、b)、和c)的每一层基于
选自包括以下的组中的矿物粘合剂:水泥、石膏、水玻璃或熟石灰,
选自包括以下的组中的填料:碳酸盐、硅酸盐、石英粉、石英砂、长石、重晶石、轻晶石、具有凝硬反应的填料、橡胶碎屑和纤维状填料,
来自一种或多种以下的组中的烯键式不饱和单体的聚合物:具有1至15个碳原子的羧酸的乙烯基酯、羧酸与未分支或分支的具有1至15个碳原子的醇的甲基丙烯酸酯或丙烯酸酯、烯烃和二烯烃、乙烯基芳族化合物和乙烯基卤化物,和
可选的另外的添加剂,并且
其中所述中间层包含另外的包括以下的组中的轻质集料:蛭石、珍珠岩、poraver玻璃珠、空心玻璃球、浮石、膨胀粘土、页岩和烧结粉煤灰。
2.根据权利要求1所述的涂层***,其特征在于,所述聚合物以包含来自烯键式不饱和单体的一种或多种聚合物和来自包括H1)脂肪酸或脂肪酸衍生物和H2)有机硅化合物的组中的一种或多种疏水添加剂H)的聚合物组合物的形式被应用。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的涂层***,其特征在于,所述填料具有从0.01至4mm的平均直径。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的涂层***,其特征在于,用于制备所述基质层a)的配制品包括按重量计5%至25%的一种或多种矿物粘合剂、按重量计10%至30%的一种或多种聚合物、以及按重量计50%至85%的一种或多种填料、以及可选地按重量计0.01至5%的一种或多种添加剂,所述配制品中重量%的量加至按重量计100%。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的涂层***,其特征在于,用于制备所述中间层b)的配制品包括按重量计30%至70%的一种或多种矿物粘合剂、按重量计0.1%至10%的一种或多种聚合物、以及按重量计10%至50%的一种或多种轻质集料、除矿物粘合剂外按重量计10%至30%的一种或多种填料、以及可选地按重量计0%至5%的一种或多种添加剂,所述配制品中重量%的量加至按重量计100%。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的涂层***,其特征在于,用于制备所述中间层b)的所述配制品包含另外的选自包括微硅粉和碳酸钙的组中的一种或多种超细填料。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的涂层***,其特征在于,用于制备所述顶层c)的配制品包括按重量计35%至50%的一种或多种矿物粘合剂、按重量计1%至5%的一种或多种聚合物和/或包含一种或多种疏水添加剂H)的聚合物组合物、以及按重量计40%至60%的一种或多种填料、以及可选地按重量计0%至5%的一种或多种添加剂,所述配制品中重量%的量加至按重量计100%。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的涂层***,其特征在于,所述顶层c)的至少一种聚合物包含选自包括氯乙烯、乙烯基酯和乙烯的组中的一种或多种单体单元。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的涂层***,其特征在于,所述基质层a)的厚度是0.1至1cm,所述中间层b)的厚度是0.1至5cm,所述顶层的厚度是0.1至1cm。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的涂层***,其特征在于,所述涂层***是屋面***。
11.用于制备根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述涂层***的方法,其特征在于,用一层或多层涂布剂a)涂布基底,在其上施加一层或多层涂布剂b),在其上施加一层或多层涂布剂c)。
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PCT/EP2011/060806 WO2012000987A1 (en) | 2010-06-30 | 2011-06-28 | Coating systems |
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EP (1) | EP2588542B1 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101434809B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102985496B (zh) |
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CN103290932B (zh) * | 2013-05-21 | 2017-04-12 | 石家庄日加精细矿物制品有限公司 | 一种建筑表面用反光节能材料的制备方法 |
CN103265863A (zh) * | 2013-05-27 | 2013-08-28 | 中南大学 | 一种保温隔热墙体涂料的制作方法 |
US9796622B2 (en) | 2013-09-09 | 2017-10-24 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Development of high temperature low density cement |
SG11201709162QA (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2017-12-28 | Sto Se & Co Kgaa | Surface coating composition |
CN108025300A (zh) * | 2015-06-24 | 2018-05-11 | Am技术有限公司 | 基于气生粘合剂的光催化组合物及其用于产生特别是用于室内应用的水基涂料的用途 |
CN106082777B (zh) * | 2016-06-27 | 2018-05-25 | 无锡强工机械工业有限公司 | 一种二氧化硅复合隔热涂层及其制备方法 |
KR101896470B1 (ko) * | 2017-03-07 | 2018-09-10 | 주식회사 젬 | 음성패턴을 이용한 감성조명 시스템 |
WO2019161323A1 (en) * | 2018-02-19 | 2019-08-22 | Arkema Inc. | Coalescing agents for waterborne coatings |
CN108970950A (zh) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-11 | 河北众诚伟业科技有限公司 | 一种防护涂层的使用方法 |
CN110183158A (zh) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-30 | 广西大学 | 一种超疏水涂层的制备方法 |
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- 2011-06-28 WO PCT/EP2011/060806 patent/WO2012000987A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-06-28 CN CN201180032840.0A patent/CN102985496B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-06-28 BR BR112012033704A patent/BR112012033704A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
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BR112012033704A2 (pt) | 2016-12-06 |
EP2588542B1 (en) | 2014-06-04 |
EP2588542A1 (en) | 2013-05-08 |
KR20130033429A (ko) | 2013-04-03 |
KR101434809B1 (ko) | 2014-08-27 |
WO2012000987A1 (en) | 2012-01-05 |
US20130157025A1 (en) | 2013-06-20 |
CN102985496A (zh) | 2013-03-20 |
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