CN102980809B - A kind of soil static lateral pressure coefficient analyzer - Google Patents
A kind of soil static lateral pressure coefficient analyzer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102980809B CN102980809B CN201210473962.XA CN201210473962A CN102980809B CN 102980809 B CN102980809 B CN 102980809B CN 201210473962 A CN201210473962 A CN 201210473962A CN 102980809 B CN102980809 B CN 102980809B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of soil static lateral pressure coefficient analyzer, comprise pressure chamber, charger, measuring and controlling; Described charger is located at top, pressure chamber or bottom; Described pressure chamber comprises base, be located at base plate on base and support pads, the test specimen tube be located on support pads, the top board coordinated with test specimen tube open top, be located at successively top board adds cover clamp and load sensor from bottom to top; Described base plate is the circular bottom plate of the half-round metal plate composition that two panels radius is identical; Described test specimen tube is made up of two semicircular cylinders and is connected by least two pairs of pull pressure sensor on lateral wall; Described top board is made up of half-round metal plate; The signaling interface of described measuring and controlling is connected with charger, load sensor and pull pressure sensor respectively, described measuring and controlling outputs signal to charger, and described load sensor and pull pressure sensor output signal to measuring and controlling.This analyzer structure is simple, applied widely.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Soil Parameters measuring equipment field, particularly a kind of soil static lateral pressure coefficient analyzer.
Background technology
Static lateral pressure coefficient refers to the ratio of the level of the soil body under without lateral deformation condition after compression to principle stress and vertical principle stress, namely the level under virgin state of stress is to the ratio of principle stress and vertical principle stress, it is a very important parameter in Geotechnical Engineering, practical ranges is more and more wide, as determined stress state in horizontal field, calculates earth pressure at rest, the pore water pressure of Earth Dam Construction phase, stake side-friction force etc. and needs to measure static lateral pressure coefficient exactly.
The method of existing indoor measurement soil static lateral pressure coefficient roughly has two kinds, one is lateral deformation indicator method, namely triaxial shear equipment is utilized at the sample side installation side that rubber membrane wraps up to distortion indicator, be used for being reflected in when applying axle pressure and whether lateral deformation can occur, if there is the trend of lateral deformation, increase lateral pressure immediately or reduce axle pressure, keeping sample lateral deformation not to occur in axial pressure process; Another kind is lateral pressure instrument method, this method is that sample does not allow lateral deformation occurs after applying pressure at right angle, namely Vertical dimension strain is equal with bulk strain, the ratio of the pressure that bears of sample side and vertical stress and static lateral pressure coefficient with this understanding, the sidewall of the method is rubber membrane water pocket.The sidewall of above-mentioned two kinds of assay methods is rubber membrane, for saturated clayey soil and sand soil static lateral pressure coefficient measurement result more accurate, but, to coarse-grained soil, when static lateral pressure coefficient measures, because sidewall rubber membrane is variable soft structures, axial compression, the hole of coarse-grained soil side by soft sidewall rubber-oil-pipe sensor, thus causes ensureing the condition without lateral deformation, therefore, unreliable for coarse-grained soil static lateral pressure coefficient mensuration.Coarse-grained soil static lateral pressure coefficient does not have reliable assay method so far.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the object of this invention is to provide a kind of easy to use, measurement result static lateral pressure coefficient analyzer accurately.
Technical scheme: a kind of soil static lateral pressure coefficient analyzer provided by the invention, comprises pressure chamber, charger, measuring and controlling; Described charger is connected with pressure chamber, can be located at top, pressure chamber or bottom; Described pressure chamber comprises base, be located at base plate on base and support pads, the test specimen tube be located on support pads, the top board coordinated with test specimen tube open top, be located at successively top board adds cover clamp and load sensor from bottom to top; Described base plate is the circular bottom plate of the half-round metal plate composition that two panels radius is identical; Be provided with the first ball chamber group bottom described base plate, in described first ball chamber group, be provided with ball; Described support pads top is provided with the second ball chamber group, is provided with ball in described second ball chamber group; Described test specimen tube is to be made up of the semicircular cylinder that two radiuses are identical and by cylinder that at least two pairs of pull pressure sensor connect on lateral wall; Described top board is the circular top board of the half-round metal plate composition that two panels radius is identical; The described cover clamp bottom surface that adds is provided with the 3rd ball chamber group, is provided with ball in described 3rd ball chamber group; The signaling interface of described measuring and controlling is connected with charger, load sensor and pull pressure sensor respectively, described measuring and controlling outputs signal to charger, and described load sensor and pull pressure sensor output signal to measuring and controlling.
This soil static lateral pressure coefficient analyzer comprises and being made up of and the test specimen tube connected by pull pressure sensor two semicircular cylinders, thus can directly record lateral swelling force by pull pressure sensor and to convert to obtain sample lateral stress; The top board at test specimen tube bottom base panel and top is force transmitting board, comprises two semi-circular plates respectively, between bottom semicircular plate and base, top semi-circular plate and add between cover clamp and arrange ball to reduce friction, thus makes measurement result more accurate.
One as a kind of soil static lateral pressure coefficient analyzer of the present invention is improved, and described base plate, the top board be made up of two half-round metal plates and the diameter fracture of test specimen tube that is made up of two semicircular cylinders be made up of two half-round metal plates is positioned at same plane; Thus make stressed after, base plate, top board and test specimen tube direction of motion are consistent, ensure that the accurate of measurement result.
Another kind as a kind of soil static lateral pressure coefficient analyzer of the present invention improves, and is provided with protruding register pin, is provided with the groove with base top detent fit bottom described base plate in the middle of described base top; By working in coordination of protruding register pin and groove, thus make base plate locate and firmly be fixed on base, avoid base plate not to be positioned over center and cause the uneven equipment that makes of pressure to produce displacement, thus ensure that the accurate of measurement result.
Another kind as a kind of soil static lateral pressure coefficient analyzer of the present invention improves, and described support pads is the rectangular parallelepiped cushion block be oppositely arranged being fixed on base edge top, and quantity is 2 to 4 right.
Another kind as a kind of soil static lateral pressure coefficient analyzer of the present invention improves, and the quantity of described pull pressure sensor is 2 to 4 right, is relatively uniformly arranged on test specimen tube lateral wall.
Another kind as a kind of soil static lateral pressure coefficient analyzer of the present invention improves, and described first ball chamber group is uniformly distributed in bottom base plate, and arrange ball in ball chamber, ball can at base top surface Free-rolling.
Another kind as a kind of soil static lateral pressure coefficient analyzer of the present invention improves, and described second ball chamber group is uniformly distributed in support pads top, arranges ball in ball chamber.
Another kind as a kind of soil static lateral pressure coefficient analyzer of the present invention improves, and described 3rd ball chamber group is uniformly distributed in and adds bottom cover clamp, arranges ball in ball chamber.
Another kind as a kind of soil static lateral pressure coefficient analyzer of the present invention improves, and described charger comprises pressurization oil cylinder and the mobilizable pressure frame of top margin, and described pressurization oil cylinder and pressure chamber are located in pressure frame from bottom to top successively; By pressurization oil cylinder, pressure chamber base is exerted pressure, provide counter-force by pressure frame top margin, thus realize the pressurization to sample in pressure chamber.
Assay method is as follows: be placed in test specimen tube by the soil body to be measured, by the pressurization of pressurization oil cylinder, thus provide counter-force by pressure frame top margin, and by power respectively by load sensor, add cover clamp, the 3rd ball set and top board and be delivered to sample top, and measure vertical load by load sensor, measure lateral swelling force by pull pressure sensor; Sample vertical stress is calculated according to Area of Sample
(N
1for vertical load sensor measured value; D is specimen finish), the area of section according to specimen finish place calculates lateral stress
(N
3be 4 pull pressure sensor measured value sums; H is specimen height), static lateral pressure coefficient is determined by the ratio of lateral stress and vertical stress.
Beneficial effect: soil static lateral pressure coefficient analyzer structure provided by the invention is simple, easy to use, measurement result is accurate, applied widely, can be used for measuring the static lateral pressure coefficient of the various soil bodys comprising coarse-grained soil and general clay, sand.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of soil static lateral pressure coefficient analyzer of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is test specimen tube structural representation.
Fig. 3 is pressurization covering plate structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is understructure schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the K of sand sample
0-σ
1graph of a relation.
Fig. 6 is the K of gravelly soil sample
0-σ
1graph of a relation.
Wherein, Reference numeral is respectively: 1 is pressure chamber, and 2 is charger, and 3 is measuring and controlling; 101 is base, and 102 is base plate, and 103 is support pads, and 104 is test specimen tube, and 105 is top board, and 106 for adding cover clamp, and 107 is load sensor, and 108 is pull pressure sensor, and 109 is register pin, and 110 is groove; 201 is pressurization oil cylinder, and 202 is pressure frame.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing soil static lateral pressure coefficient analyzer of the present invention made and further illustrating.
Soil static lateral pressure coefficient analyzer, is shown in Fig. 1 to 4, comprises pressure chamber 1, charger 2, measuring and controlling 3.
Pressure chamber 1 comprises base 101, be located at base plate 102 on base 101 and support pads 103, the test specimen tube 104 be located on support pads 103, the top board 105 coordinated with test specimen tube 104 open top, be located at successively top board 105 adds cover clamp 106 and load sensor 107 from bottom to top.In the present invention, base 101 crown center is also provided with protruding register pin 109, is provided with the groove 110 coordinated with base 101 top dowel pin 109 bottom base plate 102; Base plate 102 is the circular bottom plate of the half-round metal plate composition that two panels radius is identical, and its bottom even is provided with the first ball chamber group, is provided with ball in the first ball chamber group.In the present invention, the cushion block that support pads 103 is oppositely arranged for being fixed on base 101 edge top, alternatively, support pads 103 is 2 to 4 to the rectangular parallelepiped cushion block be oppositely arranged; Support pads 103 top is evenly provided with the second ball chamber group, is provided with ball in the second ball chamber group.Test specimen tube 104 is to be made up of the semicircular cylinder that two radiuses are identical and by cylinder that 2 pairs of pull pressure sensor 108 connect on lateral wall, alternatively, the quantity of pull pressure sensor 108 also can be set to two as required to above rational quantity arbitrarily, relatively uniformly to be arranged on test specimen tube 104 lateral wall, to be preferably 2 to 4 right; Top board 105 is the circular top board of the half-round metal plate composition that two panels radius is identical; Add cover clamp 106 bottom surface and be evenly provided with the 3rd ball chamber group, in the 3rd ball chamber group, be provided with ball.The base plate 102 be made up of two half-round metal plates, the top board 105 be made up of two half-round metal plates and the diameter fracture of test specimen tube 104 be made up of two semicircular cylinders are positioned at same plane.
Charger 2 comprises pressurization oil cylinder 201 and the mobilizable pressure frame 202 of top margin, and described pressurization oil cylinder 201 and pressure chamber 1 are located in pressure frame 202 from bottom to top successively.
The signaling interface of measuring and controlling 3 is connected with charger 2, load sensor 107 and pull pressure sensor 108 respectively, measuring and controlling 3 outputs signal to charger 2, and load sensor 107 and pull pressure sensor 108 output signal to measuring and controlling 3.
Above-mentioned soil static lateral pressure coefficient analyzer is utilized to measure the static lateral pressure coefficient of various soil mass below.
(1) measure the static lateral pressure coefficient of sand, specimen finish is 40cm, and specimen height is 30cm.
Assay method, condition: axial loading device applies vertical load, and load is measured by load sensor; After vertical load applies, sample has lateral deformation trend, by connecting the pull pressure sensor restriction sample lateral deformation of test specimen tube, records sample lateral swelling force now; Side force is measured by 2 pairs of pull pressure sensor; Vertical stress and lateral stress convert according to the vertical load measured and side force and draw; Static lateral pressure coefficient is tried to achieve by the ratio of lateral stress with vertical stress.
Measurement result: the measured value of test vertical force, side force 1, side force 2, side force 3, side force 4 is shown in table 1.Thus, static lateral pressure coefficient K when corresponding vertical stress and lateral stress can be calculated
0, and vertical stress and static lateral pressure coefficient relation curve can be drawn, as Fig. 5 shows.The static lateral pressure coefficient measured meets general understanding.
Table 1 sand sample testing data
| Vertical force (kN) | Side force 1 (kN) | Side force 2 (kN) | Side force 3 (kN) | Side force 4kN) | K 0 |
| 92.4 | 2.46 | 5.19 | 11.74 | 11.67 | 0.30 |
| 112.5 | 4.05 | 7.28 | 15.11 | 15.37 | 0.33 |
| 194.1 | 11.70 | 16.08 | 27.33 | 27.69 | 0.38 |
| 199.6 | 12.65 | 17.26 | 29.12 | 29.70 | 0.40 |
| 199.8 | 12.46 | 17.57 | 29.26 | 29.32 | 0.40 |
| 260.2 | 18.01 | 23.71 | 36.55 | 37.54 | 0.40 |
| 401.2 | 31.43 | 38.90 | 56.66 | 57.89 | 0.41 |
| 400.4 | 31.39 | 39.02 | 56.91 | 57.99 | 0.42 |
| 542.3 | 44.63 | 53.00 | 74.00 | 75.34 | 0.41 |
| 592.0 | 50.35 | 58.83 | 81.46 | 82.39 | 0.41 |
| 600.9 | 51.05 | 59.18 | 82.30 | 82.82 | 0.41 |
| 600.7 | 51.17 | 59.29 | 82.40 | 83.19 | 0.41 |
| 800.2 | 69.33 | 77.30 | 104.75 | 103.02 | 0.40 |
| 801.5 | 71.73 | 78.97 | 107.46 | 104.47 | 0.41 |
| 799.9 | 71.65 | 78.61 | 107.31 | 104.57 | 0.41 |
| 800.2 | 71.71 | 78.69 | 107.14 | 104.38 | 0.41 |
| 800.1 | 71.59 | 78.34 | 107.15 | 104.23 | 0.41 |
| 799.7 | 71.74 | 78.76 | 107.16 | 104.18 | 0.41 |
| 728.5 | 70.64 | 77.33 | 105.9 | 102.85 | 0.44 |
| 421.3 | 62.14 | 69.06 | 97.40 | 93.04 | 0.69 |
| 325.3 | 58.63 | 64.53 | 93.80 | 88.24 | 0.84 |
| 223.7 | 53.42 | 58.40 | 86.57 | 80.00 | 1.12 |
| 117.7 | 43.03 | 46.17 | 69.76 | 61.91 | 1.68 |
| 23.2 | 19.94 | 19.50 | 32.35 | 26.27 | 3.79 |
(2) measure the static lateral pressure coefficient of gravelly soil, specimen finish is 40cm, and specimen height is 30cm.Assay method, condition: with (1).
Test result: the measured value of test vertical force, side force 1, side force 2, side force 3, side force 4 is shown in table 2.Vertical force and static lateral pressure coefficient relation curve such as Fig. 6 show.
Table 2 gravelly soil sample testing data
Claims (1)
1. a soil static lateral pressure coefficient analyzer, is characterized in that: comprise pressure chamber (1), charger (2), measuring and controlling (3); Described charger (2) is connected with pressure chamber (1); Described pressure chamber (1) comprises base (101), be located at base plate (102) on base (101) and support pads (103), the test specimen tube (104) be located on support pads (103), the top board (105) coordinated with test specimen tube (104) open top, be located at successively top board (105) adds cover clamp (106) and load sensor (107) from bottom to top; Described base plate (102) for two panels radius identical half-round metal plate composition circular bottom plate; Described base plate (102) bottom is provided with the first ball chamber group, is provided with ball in described first ball chamber group; Described support pads (103) top is provided with the second ball chamber group, is provided with ball in described second ball chamber group; Described test specimen tube (104) is to be made up of the semicircular cylinder that two radiuses are identical and by cylinder that at least two pairs of pull pressure sensor (108) connect on lateral wall; Described top board (105) for two panels radius identical half-round metal plate composition circular top board; Described cover clamp (106) bottom surface that adds is provided with the 3rd ball chamber group, is provided with ball in described 3rd ball chamber group; The signaling interface of described measuring and controlling (3) is connected with charger (2), load sensor (107) and pull pressure sensor (108) respectively; Described measuring and controlling (3) outputs signal to charger (2), and described load sensor (107) and pull pressure sensor (108) output signal to measuring and controlling (3); Described base (101) crown center is provided with register pin (109), and described base plate (102) bottom is provided with the groove (110) coordinated with base (101) top dowel pin (109); Described support pads (103) is for being fixed on the rectangular parallelepiped cushion block be oppositely arranged of base (101) edge top, and quantity is 2 to 4 right; Described first ball chamber group is uniformly distributed in base plate (102) bottom; Described second ball chamber group is uniformly distributed in support pads (103) top; Described 3rd ball chamber group is uniformly distributed in and adds cover clamp (106) bottom; Described base plate (102), the top board (105) be made up of two half-round metal plates and the diameter fracture of test specimen tube (104) that is made up of two semicircular cylinders be made up of two half-round metal plates is positioned at same plane; Described pull pressure sensor (108) is relatively uniform to be arranged on test specimen tube (104) lateral wall; Described charger (2) comprises pressurization oil cylinder (201) and the mobilizable pressure frame of top margin (202), and described pressurization oil cylinder (201) and pressure chamber (1) are located in pressure frame (202) from bottom to top successively.
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| CN110595906A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-12-20 | 光大环境科技（中国）有限公司 | Material side pressure coefficient measuring device |
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