CN102980238B - Solar air heat collection heating system and method - Google Patents
Solar air heat collection heating system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102980238B CN102980238B CN201210536387.3A CN201210536387A CN102980238B CN 102980238 B CN102980238 B CN 102980238B CN 201210536387 A CN201210536387 A CN 201210536387A CN 102980238 B CN102980238 B CN 102980238B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of solar air heat collection heating system and method, this system comprises heat pipe and glass tube with vacuum, described glass tube with vacuum is the glass tube with vacuum interlayer, described glass tube with vacuum is positioned at outdoor, the evaporator section of described heat pipe is positioned at the chamber of glass tube with vacuum, the condensation segment of heat pipe is positioned at indoor, the evaporator section of described heat pipe directly or indirectly to absorb after solar heat again by condensation segment by radiator and room air heat exchange.This system and method significantly can improve the absorption efficiency of solar energy and the transmission efficiency of heat, can make indoor constant heating and comfortableness is strong, also has safe and reliable, advantage with low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heating technology, particularly a kind of high efficiency, low cost utilize solar energy to the system and method for indoor heating.
Background technology
Current high-efficiency solar heating is generally a kind of initiatively heating technology, needs following process to realize: 1) the photothermal deformation process of solar energy, general employing efficient selective heat absorbing coating or absorption film, and reflectivity is low; 2) absorption of heat energy and storage, generally need thermal medium and heat storage container, and need and extraneous effectively insulating; 3) heat energy transporting to indoor, generally needs circulating pump and heat exchanger and realizes Heat transmission by thermal medium; 4) heat energy is in the diffusion of indoor, generally realizes heating function by the mode of free convection or fan forced heat-exchanging.
But it is higher that cost is generally understood in efficient initiatively solar heating, be difficult to adopt in the great vast rural area of solar heating demand.Therefore, the passive solar house technology of relatively low cost becomes the major way of rural area heating.Current passive solar house mainly contains with Types Below: formula solar energy housing of 1) being directly benefited: sunshine is through the mode directly entering indoor heating after transparent material; 2) heat collecting and accumulating wall type solar energy housing: heat collecting and accumulating wall can be solid wall, the waterwall with upper and lower air port or there is door, the outside of solid wall of window loads onto if the transparent material of glass plate and so on is as the mode of cover cap.Interlayer is had between heat collecting and accumulating wall and cover cap.Sunshine, through after transparent material, is incident upon on the heat-absorbent surface of heat collecting and accumulating wall, the air in the interlayer formed between heating glass plate and body of wall and body of wall, then by the conduction of the convection current of air and body of wall, the indoor transferring heat heating of radiation direction; 3) solar-house attached sunspaces solar energy housing: the mode of adding a glasshouse at the sunny slope in house, if glasshouse and house intersection are the solid wall with door and window certainly, can be classified as heat collecting and accumulating wall type solar energy housing above; 4) the combined type solar energy housing combined by two or more fundamental types above-mentioned.
Wherein, formula solar energy housing of being directly benefited the most also is the most frequently used one, and it utilizes southern window directly to accept solar radiation.Usually the window of house towards south is expanded, or make console mode large windows.In the winter time, sunshine is shone directly on indoor ground, wall and furniture by large windows, and most of solar radiant energy is absorbed and converts heat to, thus their temperature is raised; Small part solar radiant energy is reflected to other indoor surfaces, again carries out the absorption of solar radiant energy, reflection process.Ground after temperature raises, wall and furniture, a part of heat with the air in the mode heating clamber of convection current and radiation, to reach the object of heating; Another part heat is then stored in floor and body of wall, discharges gradually to night again, makes the temperature that indoor continuation keeps certain.But formula solar energy housing of being directly benefited has its inherent defect: first, large window must cause its radiation loss to increase, especially at night or do not have to cause extra heat loss during solar energy; Secondly, the heat-insulating property of other parts of window building enclosure must have corresponding raising, otherwise room temperature daily fluctuation will be caused large, and comfortableness is poor, and auxiliary energy consumption such as to increase at the series of problems; In addition, because window opening area is large, illumination is strong, easily causes dazzle, and must do sun-shading when summer.
Heat collecting and accumulating wall type solar energy housing is indirect type solar heating system, and first sunlight be irradiated on the dark heat accumulation body of wall in glass outer, then to indoor heating.The attached sunspace with heat collecting and accumulating wall is the one development of heat collecting and accumulating wall type solar energy housing, air blanketing between glass and body of wall is widened, form an operable space---attached sunspace, in a sense, attached sunspace passive solar house is the combining form of formula of being directly benefited (greenhouse of south orientation) and heat collecting and accumulating wall type (room below with heat collecting and accumulating wall).Attached sunspace and main house body separate by this heat collecting and accumulating wall, and wall generally offers door, window or ventilating opening.Combined type solar energy housing is being combined of different heating system, can be formed complement one another, more effective passive solar house.This several passive solar house is due to shortcomings such as its intrinsic solar energy low absorptivity, high emissivity and effect of heat insulation low (radiation loss is high), although partly solar energy can be utilized, but the solar energy average utilization efficiency of unit are extremely low (not higher than 10%), must rely on building integral south wall large area advantage, therefore cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to that existing active heating technology implementation procedure is complicated and cost high and passive solar house technology exists inefficient problem, a kind of solar air heat collection heating system and method are provided, solar energy highly effective can be utilized to realize at low cost heating to building.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of solar air heat collection heating system, it is characterized in that, comprise heat pipe and glass tube with vacuum, described glass tube with vacuum is the glass tube with vacuum interlayer, described glass tube with vacuum is positioned at outdoor, the evaporator section of described heat pipe is positioned at the chamber of glass tube with vacuum, and the condensation segment of described heat pipe is positioned at indoor, the evaporator section of described heat pipe directly or indirectly to absorb after solar heat again by condensation segment by radiator and room air heat exchange.
When the evaporator section of described heat pipe absorbs solar heat indirectly, described glass tube with vacuum has selective heat absorbing coating, the evaporator section of described heat pipe is provided with heat transmission fin, and the inwall of described heat transmission fin contact glass tube with vacuum is to conduct the solar heat of glass tube with vacuum absorption.
When the evaporator section of described heat pipe directly absorbs solar heat, described glass tube with vacuum is the glass tube with vacuum of printing opacity, and the heat pipe evaporator section being positioned at the chamber of glass tube with vacuum directly absorbs solar heat.
Described heat pipe is metal material through welding or extruding or the stamping forming slab construction of via-hole array having two and be arranged side by side above, and the equivalent diameter of described through hole is 1mm-5mm, is filled with liquid working substance and heat pipe two ends are hermetically sealed in described through hole.
Described glass tube with vacuum is along in certain inclination angle wall outer side disposed in the outdoor or roof.
The inclination angle of described glass tube with vacuum is arranged between local latitude plus-minus 10 degree.
Described glass tube with vacuum vertically wall hanging in outdoor wall outer side.
Condensation segment and the radiator of described heat pipe are directly exposed to indoor, are dispelled the heat by natural convection air; The surface area of described radiator is between S2 and S1, and described S1 is that the maximized surface of radiator amasss, and described S2 is the minimal surface area of radiator,
The condensation segment of described heat pipe and radiator are positioned at the air channel communicated with indoor; And/or described radiator is radiated rib.
Comprise two groups or more glass tube with vacuum, each group glass tube with vacuum is all to having heat pipe and radiator; And/or described glass tube with vacuum is provided with dismountable solar protection devices, described solar protection devices prevents to indoor heat transfer and overheated at non-heating season joint.
A kind of solar energy that utilizes is to the method for indoor heating, it is characterized in that, glass tube with vacuum is set in outdoor and the evaporator section of heat pipe is set in the chamber of glass tube with vacuum, and by disposed in the interior for the condensation segment of heat pipe, described glass tube with vacuum is the glass tube with vacuum interlayer, the evaporator section of heat pipe directly or indirectly to absorb after solar heat again by condensation segment by radiator and room air heat exchange.
When the evaporator section of described heat pipe absorbs solar heat indirectly, glass tube with vacuum arranges selective heat absorbing coating, make the solar heat that the evaporator section of heat pipe is absorbed to conduct glass tube with vacuum by the inwall of heat transmission fin contact glass tube with vacuum; When the evaporator section of described heat pipe directly absorbs solar heat, the glass tube with vacuum of employing is the glass tube with vacuum of printing opacity, makes the heat pipe evaporator section in the chamber being positioned at glass tube with vacuum directly absorb solar heat.
Described heat pipe is metal material through welding or extruding or the stamping forming slab construction heat pipe of via-hole array having two and be arranged side by side above, the equivalent diameter of described through hole is 1mm-5mm, is filled with liquid working substance and flat-plate heat pipe two ends are hermetically sealed in described through hole.
Described glass tube with vacuum is along in certain inclination angle wall outer side disposed in the outdoor or roof; Or described glass tube with vacuum vertically wall hanging in outdoor wall outer side.
The condensation segment of described heat pipe and radiator are positioned at the air channel communicated with indoor; And/or two groups or more glass tube with vacuum is set, each group glass tube with vacuum is all to having heat pipe and thermal component.
Technique effect of the present invention is as follows:
The solar air heat collection heating system that the present invention relates to, comprise and be positioned at outdoor glass tube with vacuum, also comprise heat pipe, the evaporator section of heat pipe is positioned at the chamber of glass tube with vacuum, condensation segment is arranged at indoor, the condensation segment of heat pipe is provided with radiator, the present invention by arranging heat pipe in glass tube with vacuum, the high heat-insulation and heat-preservation characteristic of glass tube with vacuum and the efficient heat exchange of heat pipe self and the feature of thermotransport is utilized after the evaporator section of heat pipe directly or indirectly absorbs solar heat, make after heat pipe heat absorption, the liquid of its evaporator section evaporates rapidly, and at the other end of heat pipe, namely the condensation segment cooling condensation heat of indoor heat pipe is being positioned at, significantly can improve the absorption efficiency of solar energy and improve the transmission efficiency of heat, under the effect of radiator, the solar energy of absorption is discharged into indoor, reach the effect of indoor heating.Heating system of the present invention, without the need to expanding windowpane or setting up the building structure that extra insulated wall etc. goes to change room, because of without the need to thermal-arrest and accumulation of heat liquid medium, has dry type, simple, efficient, antifreeze, safe and reliable, advantage with low cost.
Adopt the glass tube with vacuum with selective heat absorbing coating, utilize the high-selenium corn of the selective heat absorbing coating of glass tube with vacuum, low-launch-rate and high heat-insulation and heat-preservation characteristic, and the solar heat fully absorbed is transferred to by it evaporator section of heat pipe by heat transmission fin, realize the indirect absorption solar heat of the evaporator section of heat pipe, coordinate the high efficient heat exchanging efficiency of heat pipe again, finally reach the effect of indoor heating sooner.
Adopt the glass tube with vacuum of printing opacity, make this structure without the need to arranging heat transmission fin in the chamber of glass tube with vacuum and between heat pipe, the heat pipe evaporator section being positioned at the chamber of the glass tube with vacuum of printing opacity directly absorbs solar heat, and structure is simple, improves the transmission efficiency of solar energy heat absorbing efficiency and heat.
Heat pipe can be that metal parts is through the via-hole array slab construction of welding or extrude or be stamped to form, in through hole, filling liquid working medium forms micro heat pipe, self-assembling formation heat pipe effect, overall formation flat-plate heat pipe, the flat-plate heat pipe manufacture craft of this structure is simple, have the advantage that adopting heat pipes for heat transfer efficiency is high, evaporator section has larger solar energy heat absorbing face simultaneously, can improve the efficiency and heat transfer efficiency that absorb solar energy further.The equivalent diameter arranging through hole is 1mm-5mm, is namely provided with the scope of the equivalent diameter of single micro heat pipe.The equivalent diameter of single micro heat pipe must not lower than 1mm, makes the heat transfer potential of single micro heat pipe must not lower than 1W, thus makes the overall thermal of the micro heat pipe array in each glass tube with vacuum transport the limit to be higher than the ability absorbing solar energy.Meanwhile, the equivalent diameter of single micro heat pipe must not, higher than 5mm, make the inside bearing capacity of single micro heat pipe be higher than 20 atmospheric pressure.
Glass tube with vacuum is leant against outdoor wall outer side along certain inclination angle, preferably arrange between local latitude direction plus-minus 10 degree, this arranges and sunshine direct projection can be made to enter glass tube with vacuum and heat pipe, the heat absorption of heat pipe also reaches optimum state, in addition, liquid working substance in heat pipe also can be back to evaporator section from condensation segment under gravity, facilitates the flowing of liquid working substance, also contributes to strengthening heat-transfer capability.
What the present invention relates to utilizes solar energy to the method for indoor heating, glass tube with vacuum is set in outdoor and the evaporator section of heat pipe is set in the chamber of glass tube with vacuum, and by disposed in the interior for the condensation segment of heat pipe, the evaporator section of heat pipe directly or indirectly to absorb after solar heat again by condensation segment by radiator and room air heat exchange.This heating method make use of the feature of the high heat-insulation and heat-preservation characteristic of glass tube with vacuum, the efficient heat exchange of heat pipe self and thermotransport, by being evaporated to the condensation segment cooling condensation heat being positioned at indoor heat pipe after the heat pipe evaporator section heat absorption of outdoor, under the effect of radiator, the solar energy of absorption is discharged into indoor, the automatic iterative cycles of this process, utilizes solar energy highly effective to realize at low cost heating to building.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the first preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the second preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the third preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the 4th kind of preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the 5th kind of preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the 6th kind of preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the 7th kind of preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention.
In figure, each label lists as follows:
1-glass tube with vacuum; 2-heat pipe; 3-radiated rib; 4-air channel; 5-body of wall; 6-heat transmission fin; 7-insulation material; 8-evaporator section; 9-condensation segment; 10-micro heat pipe array cross section structure; 11-blower fan.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be described.
The present invention relates to a kind of solar air heat collection heating system, comprise heat pipe and glass tube with vacuum, this glass tube with vacuum is the glass tube with vacuum interlayer, described glass tube with vacuum is positioned at outdoor, the evaporator section of described heat pipe is positioned at the intermediary canal of glass tube with vacuum, the condensation segment of described heat pipe is arranged at indoor, and the condensation segment of heat pipe is provided with radiator, the evaporator section of heat pipe directly or indirectly to absorb after solar heat again by condensation segment by radiator and room air heat exchange.
Fig. 1 is the first preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system, glass tube with vacuum 1 is positioned at outdoor, the evaporator section of heat pipe 2 is positioned at the intermediary canal of glass tube with vacuum 1, therefore this evaporator section is positioned at outdoor (left side of body of wall 5 is for outdoor as shown in the figure), condensation segment is arranged at indoor (right side of body of wall 5 is for indoor as shown in the figure), the condensation segment of heat pipe 2 is provided with radiated rib 3.Glass tube with vacuum 1 in this embodiment is the glass tube with vacuum (or being called light-transmission tube) of printing opacity, and the evaporator section being positioned at the heat pipe 2 in the chamber of glass tube with vacuum 1 directly absorbs solar heat.This mode heat pipe 2 being connected to indoor and outdoor may be defined as integral solar air heat-collecting heating system.Glass tube with vacuum 1 can be preferably one end sealing, and other end opening, the evaporator section of heat pipe 2 stretches into from the openend of glass tube with vacuum 1 in the intermediary canal of glass tube with vacuum 1, and filled thermal insulation materials can be passed through in the gap between the openend of glass tube with vacuum 1 and heat pipe 2.
Heat pipe 2 is preferably flat-plate heat pipe, can be specifically metal material through welding or extruding or the stamping forming slab construction of via-hole array that there are two and be arranged side by side above, and the equivalent diameter arranging through hole is 1mm-5mm, liquid working substance is filled with and flat-plate heat pipe two ends are hermetically sealed to be formed as heat pipe, self-assembling formation heat pipe effect in through hole.Heat pipe 2 inside can be whole heat pipe, also can be that formed after the sealing of each through hole follow micro heat pipe array more, the equivalent diameter of single micro heat pipe must not lower than 1mm, make the heat transfer potential of single micro heat pipe lower than 1W, thus the heat pipe 2(micro heat pipe array in each glass tube with vacuum must not be made) overall thermal transport the limit and be higher than and absorb the ability of solar energy.Meanwhile, the equivalent diameter of single micro heat pipe must not, higher than 5mm, make the inside bearing capacity of single micro heat pipe be higher than 20 atmospheric pressure.Best preferred single micro heat pipe equivalent diameter is 1.5-3mm, and namely the equivalent diameter of through hole is preferably 1.5-3mm.Some micro-fin or the microflute of augmentation of heat transfer effect can also be set in the through hole of flat-plate heat pipe, take full advantage of hot tube high-efficiency and change thermal property, arranging micro-fin or microflute can the exchange capability of heat of liquid working substance in reinforced pipe further, and between micro-fin and hole inwall, there is capillary force, if also can capillary force be produced apart from suitable between micro-fin and micro-fin, the formation of capillary force facilitates the flowing of working medium, also contributes to strengthening heat-transfer capability.
For the radiator making the condensation segment of heat pipe arrange better dispels the heat, when ensureing again to add hot-air, temperature rise can not be too low simultaneously, and the surface area S arranging this radiator can not be excessive, can not be too small, if the maximum of S is S1, minimum of a value is S2, then S should between S2 and S1.The expression formula of S1 is:
such as, suppose that solar energy maximum illumination intensity is 1000, radiator is 60 ° of C(radiator temperatures, 80 ° of C relative to the temperature rise of surrounding air, air themperature 20 ° of C), NATURAL CONVECTION COEFFICIENT OF HEAT is about 7, then long-pending (square meter) S1=1000x vacuum glass length of tube (rice) x vacuum glass bore (rice)/(60x7) of the maximized surface of radiator.
Such as, maximum rated temperature-rise is 80 ° of C.
The glass tube with vacuum 1 of the printing opacity in this embodiment 1 leans against outdoor wall outer side along certain inclination angle, the i.e. heat pipe 2(in other words conj.or perhaps flat-plate heat pipe 2 shown in this embodiment) evaporator section also lean against outdoor wall outer side with glass tube with vacuum 1 along certain inclination angle, select in the scope of this inclination angle preferably between local latitude plus-minus 10 degree, now sunshine can be close to the heat-absorbent surface that glass tube with vacuum 1 and flat-plate heat pipe 2 evaporator section are irradiated in direct projection, after the heat-absorbent surface absorption solar heat of flat-plate heat pipe 2, heat enters into the liquid working substance of the evaporator section of flat-plate heat pipe 2, gasification is evaporated after liquid working substance heat absorption in evaporator section, natural flow is to the condensation segment of upper end, the condensation segment of flat-plate heat pipe 2 penetrates body of wall and stretches to indoor, condensation segment is through radiated rib 3 heat exchange, liquefy simultaneously, and rely on gravity and self capillary force effect to flow back to evaporator section, automatically circuit cycle is completed, under the effect of radiated rib 3, constantly the solar heat of absorption is dispersed into indoor, reach the effect of indoor heating.
Fig. 2 is the second preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention.Glass tube with vacuum 1 in this embodiment be vertically wall hanging in outdoor wall outer side, now the evaporator section of heat pipe 2 be equally also vertically wall hanging in outdoor wall outer side, heat pipe 2 upper end penetrates body of wall as condensation segment and stretches to indoor, working medium now in heat pipe 2 relies on gravity to flow back to evaporator section at condensation heat release post liquefaction, gravity now reaches maximum, therefore this setup improves the heat transfer efficiency of heat pipe 2.
Fig. 3 is the third preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention.In this embodiment, heat pipe 2 is for having the flat-plate heat pipe of micro heat pipe structure, its micro heat pipe array cross section structure is as indicated shown in 10, the evaporator section 8 of heat pipe 2 is positioned at the intermediary canal of glass tube with vacuum 1, the condensation segment 9 of heat pipe 2 is provided with radiated rib 3, condensation segment 9 and radiated rib 3 thereof are positioned at the air channel 4 communicated with indoor, air channel 4 in figure illustrate only part-structure, dispelled the heat by radiated rib 3 by condensation segment 9 again after the evaporator section 8 of heat pipe 2 absorbs solar heat, blower fan 11 is provided with as power drive in air channel 4, blow to radiated rib 3 by blower fan 11, radiated rib 3 is driven as early as possible solar heat to be distributed to indoor by air channel 4, reach the effect of heating.
Fig. 4 is the 4th kind of preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention.This embodiment is arranged on roof by glass tube with vacuum 1, now the evaporator section of heat pipe 2 is positioned at the intermediary canal of glass tube with vacuum 1, condensation segment is positioned at the air channel 4 communicated with indoor, the evaporator section of heat pipe 2 is arranged on roof and can absorbs solar energy more perspective, condensation heat release is carried out to condensation segment after this evaporator section evaporation endothermic, because condensation segment and radiated rib 3 are positioned at air channel 4, therefore solar heat can enter indoor by air channel 4, reaches the effect of heating.
Solar air heat collection heating system described in Fig. 1 to 4 is all the glass tube with vacuums of the printing opacity adopted, and directly absorbs solar heat by the heat pipe evaporator section arranged in the chamber of glass tube with vacuum.Certainly, solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention also can adopt heat pipe evaporator section indirectly to absorb the mode of solar heat, as by glass tube with vacuum heat absorption, then by arranging the mode heat conduction of heat transmission fin to heat pipe evaporator section.5th kind of preferred structure schematic diagram of concrete solar air heat collection heating system as shown in Figure 5, glass tube with vacuum 1 has selective heat absorbing coating can absorb solar heat, at the evaporator section outer surface of heat pipe 2 in the chamber being positioned at glass tube with vacuum 1, heat transmission fin 6 is set, and make this heat transmission fin 6 contact the inwall of glass tube with vacuum 1, like this, the evaporator section of heat pipe 2 can contact the inwall of glass tube with vacuum 1 to conduct the solar heat of glass tube with vacuum 1 absorption by heat transmission fin 6, after working medium in heat pipe 2 evaporator section is evaporated to indoor condensation segment, under the effect of radiated rib 3, constantly solar heat is dispersed into indoor, reach the object of indoor heating.Preferably, the glass tube with vacuum in outdoor and body of wall intersection can wrap up insulation material 7 and prevent solar heat to run off.
Fig. 6 is the 6th kind of preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention.This embodiment is a kind of separated type solar air heat-collecting heating system, the condensation segment of heat pipe 2 and radiated rib 3 are arranged in the air channel 4 communicated with indoor, usually having in air channel 4 can the power drive such as blower fan of controlled wind speed, drive radiated rib 3 that solar heat is distributed to indoor, finally reach the object of initiatively ventilation and heating.
Fig. 7 is the 7th kind of preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention.This embodiment comprises multi-group vacuum glass tube, each group of glass tube with vacuum all has corresponding heat pipe and thermal component, or be interpreted as that the evaporator section of glass tube with vacuum 1 and heat pipe 2 constitutes outdoor electron tubes type solar thermal collector, this embodiment is provided with multiple electron tubes type solar thermal collector, the equal correspondence of certain each electron tubes type solar thermal collector is provided with heat release part, this heat unit is divided into the condensation segment of each heat pipe 2 and each radiated rib 3 that arrange corresponding to each condensation segment, multiple electron tubes type solar thermal collector supplies indoor heating simultaneously, make indoor rapid temperature increases.In addition, for improving solar absorption efficiency further, the evaporator section outer surface of each heat pipe 2 can be provided with efficient selective heat absorbing coating, improving solar absorption efficiency further.
Glass tube with vacuum of the present invention is preferably provided with dismountable solar protection devices, saves this solar protection devices at non-heating seasons such as summers and can prevent to indoor heat transfer and overheated, and when such as needing heating winter etc. this solar protection devices dismountable.In addition, the thermal component that this solar air heat collection heating system adopts is except radiated rib, and can also be other thermal component, as fan, flat-plate heat pipe condensation segment condensation liberated heat be blown into indoor by fan.
In solar air heat collection heating system as shown in Figure 7, the solar absorptance of glass tube with vacuum can reach 97%, and emissivity can lower than 5%, the light transmittance of glass tube with vacuum can reach more than 92%, conductive heat loss is close to 0, and therefore, the utilization ratio of unit are solar energy can reach about 84%.
The load design of solar air heat collection heating system:
Every glass tube with vacuum and flat-plate heat pipe are that the collector area of the electron tubes type solar thermal collector (for the long 70mm external diameter of 2m) of heat collection unit is for 0.15m
2, then the composition of 20 heat collection unit every between the collector area of heating system in room be 3 square metres.
The invention still further relates to a kind of solar energy that utilizes to the method for indoor heating, or perhaps a kind of solar air heat collection heating method, the method is corresponding with above-mentioned solar air heat collection heating system institute.Glass tube with vacuum is set in outdoor and the evaporator section of heat pipe is set in the chamber of glass tube with vacuum, and by disposed in the interior for the condensation segment of heat pipe, the evaporator section of heat pipe directly or indirectly to absorb after solar heat again by condensation segment by radiator and room air heat exchange.The glass tube with vacuum that the method adopts is the glass tube with vacuum interlayer.
When the evaporator section of described heat pipe absorbs solar heat indirectly, glass tube with vacuum can be adopted to absorb heat, then by arranging the mode of heat transmission fin heat conduction to heat pipe evaporator section, specifically selective heat absorbing coating can be set on glass tube with vacuum, make the solar heat that the evaporator section of heat pipe is absorbed to conduct glass tube with vacuum by the inwall of heat transmission fin contact glass tube with vacuum, as seen in figs. 5-6; When the evaporator section of described heat pipe directly absorbs solar heat, the glass tube with vacuum of employing is the glass tube with vacuum of printing opacity, makes the heat pipe evaporator section in the chamber being positioned at glass tube with vacuum directly absorb solar heat, as Figure 1-4.
The heat pipe that the method adopts is preferably flat-plate heat pipe, this flat-plate heat pipe can for metal material be through welding or extruding or the stamping forming slab construction heat pipe of via-hole array having two and be arranged side by side above, the equivalent diameter of described through hole is 1mm-5mm, be preferably 1.5-3mm, liquid working substance is filled with and flat-plate heat pipe two ends are hermetically sealed, self-assembling formation heat pipe effect in described through hole.
Glass tube with vacuum can along in certain inclination angle wall outer side disposed in the outdoor or roof, as shown in Fig. 1,3,4,5,6,7, now, the evaporator section of heat pipe also leans against outdoor wall outer side with glass tube with vacuum along certain inclination angle, selects in the scope of this inclination angle preferably between local latitude plus-minus 10 degree.Certainly, glass tube with vacuum also can vertically wall hanging in outdoor wall outer side, as shown in Figure 2.In addition, the condensation segment of heat pipe and radiator can be positioned at indoor, as shown in Fig. 1,2,5; Or be positioned at the air channel communicated with indoor, as shown in Fig. 3,4,6.
The method of indoor heating of the present invention, can arrange one group, two groups or more glass tube with vacuum.When arranging multi-group vacuum glass tube, each group of glass tube with vacuum is all to having heat pipe and thermal component, as shown in Figure 7, the evaporator section often organizing glass tube with vacuum and heat pipe constitutes outdoor electron tubes type solar thermal collector, multiple electron tubes type solar thermal collector supplies indoor heating simultaneously, make indoor rapid temperature increases, reach the object of indoor heating rapidly.Certainly, multiple electron tubes type solar thermal collector also can be arranged on roof, the evaporator section of each heat pipe is from absorbing solar energy with multi-angle, the condensation segment of each heat pipe and radiated rib are all arranged in the air channel that communicates with indoor, usually having in air channel can the power drive such as blower fan of controlled wind speed, drive radiated rib as early as possible solar heat to be distributed to indoor by air channel, reach the effect of heating.Wherein, each electron tubes type solar thermal collector and air channel can by the member supporting such as angle bar frame and bearing.
For territory, northern somewhere, solar year, total radiation was about 6000MJ/m
2(per day about 16.43MJ/ square metre), 2600 ~ 3200 hours sunshine of year (day about 8 hours of light).With per day 16.43MJ/m
2solar energy impinges gauge calculate, the per day power (8 hours) of the heating system of the solar energy heating area of every square meter is:
P=0.84x16.43x10
6/8/3600=479.2（W）
Calculate with the collector area in 3 square metres, room between every, then between every, the heating heating power in room is:
P1=3xP=1437.6（W）
Be equivalent to by 70W/m
2the Heating Load of the 20 square meter buildings calculated.
Need heating to calculate with each peasant household 3 rooms, the solar air heat collection heating general power of each peasant household is:
P3=3xP1=4312.9（W）
Be equivalent to every day save mark coal amount:
M1=P3x8x3600/7000/4180=4.245 kilogram of mark coal
In the Heating Period of annual 7 months, then annual mark coal amount of saving was:
M7=M1x7x30.5=906.32 kilogram of mark coal=0.906 ton mark coal
According to above-mentioned roughly budgetary estimate, solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention and method are a kind of direct heating system of dry type solar energy and method of New high-efficient low-cost, this system and method is safe and reliable, with low cost, economize energy, is especially applicable to the winter heatings such as factory, schoolhouse, farm dwelling.
It should be pointed out that the above detailed description of the invention can make the invention of those skilled in the art's comprehend, but do not limit the present invention in any way creation.Therefore; although this description has been described in detail the invention with reference to drawings and Examples; but; those skilled in the art are to be understood that; still can modify to the invention or equivalent replacement; in a word, all do not depart from technical scheme and the improvement thereof of the spirit and scope of the invention, and it all should be encompassed in the middle of the protection domain of the invention patent.
Claims (10)
1. a solar air heat collection heating system, it is characterized in that, comprise heat pipe and glass tube with vacuum, described glass tube with vacuum is the glass tube with vacuum interlayer, described glass tube with vacuum is positioned at outdoor, the evaporator section of described heat pipe is positioned at the chamber of glass tube with vacuum, the condensation segment of described heat pipe is positioned at indoor, the evaporator section of described heat pipe indirectly to absorb after solar heat again by condensation segment by radiator and room air heat exchange, when the evaporator section of described heat pipe absorbs solar heat indirectly, described glass tube with vacuum has selective heat absorbing coating, the evaporator section of described heat pipe is provided with heat transmission fin, the inwall of described heat transmission fin contact glass tube with vacuum is to conduct the solar heat of glass tube with vacuum absorption, described heat pipe is metal material through welding or extruding or the stamping forming slab construction of via-hole array having two and be arranged side by side above, and the equivalent diameter of described through hole is 1mm-5mm, is filled with liquid working substance and heat pipe two ends are hermetically sealed in described through hole, the surface area of described radiator is between S2 and S1, and described S1 is that the maximized surface of radiator amasss, and described S2 is the minimal surface area of radiator,
Described maximum rated temperature-rise is 80 DEG C.
2. solar air heat collection heating system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described glass tube with vacuum is along in certain inclination angle wall outer side disposed in the outdoor or roof.
3. solar air heat collection heating system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the inclination angle of described glass tube with vacuum is arranged between local latitude plus-minus 10 degree.
4. solar air heat collection heating system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described glass tube with vacuum vertically wall hanging in outdoor wall outer side.
5. solar air heat collection heating system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, condensation segment and the radiator of described heat pipe are directly exposed to indoor, are dispelled the heat by natural convection air.
6. solar air heat collection heating system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the condensation segment of described heat pipe and radiator are positioned at the air channel communicated with indoor; And/or described radiator is radiated rib.
7. solar air heat collection heating system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises two groups or more glass tube with vacuum, and each group glass tube with vacuum is all to having heat pipe and radiator; And/or described glass tube with vacuum is provided with dismountable solar protection devices, described solar protection devices prevents to indoor heat transfer and overheated at non-heating season joint.
8. one kind utilizes solar energy to the method for indoor heating, it is characterized in that, glass tube with vacuum is set in outdoor and the evaporator section of heat pipe is set in the chamber of glass tube with vacuum, and by disposed in the interior for the condensation segment of heat pipe, described glass tube with vacuum is the glass tube with vacuum interlayer, the evaporator section of heat pipe indirectly to absorb after solar heat again by condensation segment by radiator and room air heat exchange, when the evaporator section of described heat pipe absorbs solar heat indirectly, glass tube with vacuum arranges selective heat absorbing coating, make the solar heat that the evaporator section of heat pipe is absorbed to conduct glass tube with vacuum by the inwall of heat transmission fin contact glass tube with vacuum, described heat pipe is metal material through welding or extruding or the stamping forming slab construction heat pipe of via-hole array having two and be arranged side by side above, the equivalent diameter of described through hole is 1mm-5mm, is filled with liquid working substance and flat-plate heat pipe two ends are hermetically sealed in described through hole, the surface area of described radiator is between S2 and S1, and described S1 is that the maximized surface of radiator amasss, and described S2 is the minimal surface area of radiator,
Described maximum rated temperature-rise is 80 DEG C.
9. the solar energy that utilizes according to claim 8 is to the method for indoor heating, it is characterized in that, described glass tube with vacuum is along in certain inclination angle wall outer side disposed in the outdoor or roof; Or described glass tube with vacuum vertically wall hanging in outdoor wall outer side.
10. the solar energy that utilizes according to claim 8 is to the method for indoor heating, and it is characterized in that, the condensation segment of described heat pipe and radiator are positioned at the air channel communicated with indoor; And/or two groups or more glass tube with vacuum is set, each group glass tube with vacuum is all to having heat pipe and thermal component.
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| CN104110719A (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2014-10-22 | 曾祥军 | Solar tube type heat collecting and heating device |
| CN105066471A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-11-18 | 赵耀华 | Heat-pipe type panel solar air collector and heating method thereof |
| CN105276730A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-01-27 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Solar air conditioning device with self-circulation heat pump and setting method thereof |
| CN107676856A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-02-09 | 南昌大学 | A kind of solar heat pipe heat-transfer device |
| CN108801013A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-11-13 | 洪霞 | Utilize solar energy or the hot-pipe system of wind energy |
| CN110186201A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-08-30 | 北京结力能源科技有限公司 | The instant heating type micro heat pipe solar water heater of vacuum |
| CN110762840A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-02-07 | 重庆大学 | Domestic solar energy warm-air machine |
| CN113417414B (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2022-11-25 | 洛阳市偃师区华泰综合利用建材有限公司 | Green energy-saving roof for building |
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| CN2194484Y (en) * | 1994-05-16 | 1995-04-12 | 雷光民 | Heat pipe solar energy warmer |
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| CN201302315Y (en) * | 2008-10-22 | 2009-09-02 | 苏州大学 | Heat pipe solar heater cabinet |
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Effective date of registration: 20190305 Address after: 255200 Pioneering Building, Pioneering Avenue, Boshan Economic Development Zone, Zibo City, Shandong Province Patentee after: Zibo Boyi New Energy Technology Development Co., Ltd. Address before: 100020 A block 701, 210 floor, East Garden, Wangjing garden, Chaoyang District, Beijing. Co-patentee before: Zhao Wenzhong Patentee before: Zhao Yaohua |