CN102978981B - Fiber raw material for papermaking - Google Patents
Fiber raw material for papermaking Download PDFInfo
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- CN102978981B CN102978981B CN201210491573.XA CN201210491573A CN102978981B CN 102978981 B CN102978981 B CN 102978981B CN 201210491573 A CN201210491573 A CN 201210491573A CN 102978981 B CN102978981 B CN 102978981B
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fiber raw material for papermaking. The fiber raw material for papermaking is corn straw skin which is obtained by mechanical means of extrusion, grinding, tearing, smashing or rubbing of corn straws harvested during a corn maturity period on the farmland; preferably, after the corn straws are harvested by an agricultural harvester, and skin, pulp and leaves are separated until the moisture content is 15 to 45%, the corn straw skin is collected; and more preferably, after the corn straws are harvested by an agricultural harvester, skin, pulp and leaves are separated, and the skin is dried or air-dried until the moisture content is 15 to 45%, the separated skin is collected, and then is bundled, wherein the pulp remains on the skin. The fiber raw material for papermaking provided by the invention has the advantages of better solving the storage and transport problems, improving the use performance, broadening the field of application, improving the utilization value, being purchased in batches, and realizing large-scale industrial utilization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Papermaking fibers raw material, relate to the Papermaking fibers raw material after a kind of process specifically.
Background technology
Corn is made for feed to be main grain, warp, to raise dual-purpose crop, and maize straw is also the important resources of production of work, agricultural production.As a kind of resource, maize straw contains abundant nutrition and available chemical composition, can be used as the raw material of livestock feed.For a long time, maize straw is exactly one of raw material of the main roughage of livestock.
Corn is as one of Three major grain crops, and the annual production of its byproduct maize straw reaches about 2.5 hundred million t, accounts for 30% more than of all kinds of agricultural crop straw total amount, is only second to the U.S. in the world and occupies second.
The output of maize straw is so abundant, is not but utilized by rationally effective all the time.The mode of past people Treating straw is the material of small part as warming & cooking or the roughage of ruminant, major part abandon in ground or on-site incineration, Dark smoke billows, not only contaminated environment, destroy traffic, return the production of people, life, property bring threat.Along with the progress of science and technology and resource, the growing in intensity of energy crisis; the Chinese government and the people recognize the importance of Appropriate application agricultural crop straw; took much count of the comprehensive utilization of agricultural crop straw up till now from about 1980, many enterprises, Research Center and colleges and universities are all in the new way finding maize straw comprehensive utilization always.Current maize straw all has utilization in various degree in plant husbandry, animal husbandry and industrial production, but due to the restriction of technical merit and machining level, still belongs to the roughing stage to the utilization of maize straw.Major part utilize for be whole strain stalk, whole strain is processed, and its crust and interior flesh disturb mutually, bring insoluble obstacle to many Application way.
And the maize straw stem stalk to gather in due to whole strain is thick and stiff, natural density is little, and (the Dry corn stalk stalk density of stacking through measuring and calculating nature is only 35 ~ 45kg/m
3), therefore, the maize straw adopting whole strain to gather in the crops stores and transport is a great problem, usually due to the existence of moisture, cost of transportation is increased, and in storage and transportation, cause a large amount of rotting, thus limits its application.The way of both economical practicality is harvesting limit, limit silk, and the stalk quality after silk becomes soft in small, broken bits, and natural screen resilience reduces greatly.Adopt hydraulic pressure packaging technique, by the straw compression packing after silk, form the square bale of high density, profile rule.Be conducive to storage and the transport of stalk, can substitute feed grass as the grain ration of surviving the winter of cattle and sheep, also can long distance transportation as the raw material of industry.
Maize straw rubs a technology, bundling technology is a kind of novel straw processing method that developed recently gets up, " maize straw rubs the development of silk, bundling outfit " (Xinjiang agricultural machanization, the 2nd phase in 2008) discloses a kind of maize straw and rubs silk, bundling outfit; " the careless technology of silk system is rubbed in maize straw mechanization " (science and technology of the farm machinery is promoted, 2004.11) a kind of maize straw rubbing technology is proposed, becoming the horizontal guillotine cutting of traditional maize straw into longitudinal wire squeeze rubs, maize straw rubbing is become soft thread forage grass, maize straw, after wire squeeze rubbing, destroys stalk epidermal structure, makes forage grass soft, good palatability, can improve grazing rate.
But above-mentioned technology is only limitted to be used for forage grass by after maize straw wire squeeze, greatly limit its range of application.
Like this, how the skin of maize straw, flesh are separated on a large scale with leaf, improve serviceability, to provide a kind of corn stalk raw material of performance improvement, widen its application, improve value, just become the key link of corn stalk raw material comprehensive utilization.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem, object of the present invention is just to provide a kind of paper grade (stock) raw material, solves the problem storing and transport well, improve serviceability, widened application, improve value, can be purchased in large quantity, realize heavy industrialization and utilize.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of Papermaking fibers raw material, wherein, described Papermaking fibers raw material is maize straw skin; Described maize straw skin is that the maize straw gathered in the crops in the corn maturity period in farmland obtains through extruding, grinding the mechanical means of rubbing, tear, blend or rubbing silk with the hands; Be preferably after agricultural harvester harvesting, skin flesh leaf are separated, when being 15 ~ 45% to moisture, collection obtains; More preferably directly to be gathered in by agricultural harvester, after skin flesh leaf is separated, airing or air-dryly collect the skin be separated when being 15 ~ 45% to moisture in the fields, then carries out that bundling obtains; Remaining on wherein said skin have flesh.
In the present invention, relative over dry raw material, in described maize straw skin, the mass percentage of water-soluble sugar is 10.0-17.5%, and the mass percentage of holocellulose is 67.57-71.26%, and the mass percentage of lignin is 12.91-15.85%.
In the present invention, the degree of crystallinity of described maize straw skin is 47.72-48.50%.
In the present invention, described maize straw skin comprises straw skin and the straw skin silk of strip.
In the present invention, remaining on the straw skin of described strip have flesh.
In the present invention, the remaining quantity of described flesh on the straw skin of strip not higher than 5%, preferably not higher than 3%, more preferably 0.5 ~ 2.5%.
In the present invention, the straw skin silk one by one after described straw skin silk comprises the separation of skin flesh and the straw skin tow be incorporated on skin; The length of the straw skin of described strip is not more than 45cm.
In the present invention, described straw skin tow is included in the straw skin tow that tubercle position and leather block close or the straw skin silk being incorporated into the partial continuous on skin.
In the present invention, along slight crack stalk longitudinal direction having the straw skin silk forming partial continuous on described skin.
In the present invention, the fibre fineness of described maize straw skin is 38 ~ 42tex, preferred 41.33tex; Mean breadth is 82 ~ 88 μm, preferably 85.076 μm; The fiber content being more than or equal to 70 microns in described maize straw skin is 60 ~ 65%, preferably 63.433%.
Corn stalk raw material of the present invention adopts following process route to obtain:
The maize straw corn maturity period gathered in the crops in farmland through extruding, grind and rub, tear, blend or rub that the mechanical means of silk obtain with the hands; Be preferably after agricultural harvester harvesting, skin flesh leaf are separated, when being 15 ~ 45% to moisture, collection obtains; More preferably directly to be gathered in by agricultural harvester, after skin flesh leaf is separated, airing or air-dryly collect the skin be separated when being 15 ~ 45% to moisture in the fields, then carries out that bundling obtains.
It is crucial for realizing above-mentioned technical process reasonable selection corollary equipment, the equipment processing agricultural crop straw at present is on the market a lot, but will note supporting science, reasonability when selecting, and makes the equipment of apolegamy play maximum efficiency, ensure the continuity of producing, reach optimum productivity index.Owing to being the crop stem in harvesting field, therefore will select can at the equipment of walking limit, limit, field work, with ensure equipment conveniently moving, flexibly, realize farm work.The present invention selects agricultural harvester, also can realize the separation of skin flesh leaf while harvesting.And supporting skin flesh leaf separator is installed on agricultural harvester, this device can adopt multiple mechanical type, and employing extruding, stone roller are rubbed with the hands, tear, blend, rubbed the multiple mechanical means such as silk, thus reach the technique effect be separated by the skin flesh leaf of maize straw.The present invention by process after stalk in field airing, by the impact of the factor such as air oxidation, Ultraviolet radiation, thus play the effect of sterilization, the corn stalk raw material prepared not easily is gone mouldy, extended shelf-life, and the oxidation Decomposition that sugar in stalk, Protein components can be accelerated, thus the content reducing impurity in fibrous raw material further, the cellulosic content of further raising, thus more adapt to the commercial Application such as papermaking.
Preferred agricultural harvester of the present invention comprises chassis 4, power set, electric device, hydraulic system, driver's cabin 5, the receipts stem ceding of Taiwan 1 of harvesting corn stalk, maize straw is torn, blend, and by skin, flesh, the maize straw skin flesh leaf separator 3 that leaf is separated, maize straw under harvesting is transported to maize straw is torn, to blend and by skin, flesh, the defeated stem device 2 of the maize straw skin flesh leaf separator 3 that leaf is separated, between each structure or each structure directly use securing member to connect with chassis, ensure bonding strength, avoid occurring accident in the process of harvesting corn stalk.
Described maize straw skin flesh leaf separator 3 comprises for tearing, blend maize straw and the axial-flow type drum 11 of separating corn straw skin flesh leaf and the sieve 12 for the flesh after leaking down to be separated and leaf.
Described axial-flow type drum 11 is provided with multiple for tearing, blending maize straw and the tooth of separating corn straw skin flesh leaf.
Described tooth is one or more in screw-shaped bar tooth, spike tooth or dull and stereotyped tooth.
Described sieve 12 is provided with multiple hole supplying the maize straw flesh of separation and leaf to pass through.
The described receipts stem ceding of Taiwan 1 is provided with cutter A, described cutter A downward-sloping certain angle in the horizontal direction, can avoid so again being cut by cutter when also not entered harvester by the maize straw that cutter A cuts off, make one section of stalk drop to ground and can not enter harvester and blend.
Described maize straw skin flesh leaf separator 3 also comprises straw skin dispersal device 6 and anti-block apparatus 7.
Straw skin dispersal device 6 can be avoided maize straw skin to be sticked together and guide maize straw skin to be scattering into the side of harvester, the trailing wheel of harvester can be avoided like this to roll and be scattering into straw skin on the ground, better to store up.Due to harvesting time maize straw water content higher, the flesh after separation and leaf are all very moist, through sift out 12 hole after be easy to occur alluvial blocking, had anti-block apparatus 7 that the flesh of separator well and leaf can be allowed to fall very smoothly.
Described agricultural harvester also comprises receives stem cutting table auger 8, chain harrow assembly 9, cut flow roller 10, oscillating screen plate 13, distributes screw feeder 14 and fan 15.
Realize the tearing of maize straw, blend and skin, flesh, being separated of leaf, the rotating speed of axial-flow type drum d is very crucial, and in the present invention, the rotating speed of described axial-flow type drum 11 is 900 ~ 1000r/min, preferably 950 ~ 1000r/min.
Obtain good separating effect, according to crop situation, the gap regulated between axial-flow type drum 11 and sieve 12 is very important, there is fourth gear gap for this reason, i.e. 5mm, 10mm, 15mm, 20mm, when crop is moist, with small―gap suture between axial-flow type drum 11 and sieve 12, when crop is dry, between cylinder and sieve, use wide arc gap.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) maize straw (whole bar) can not be purchased in enormous quantities, cannot realize large-scale industry and utilize; Corn stalk raw material of the present invention can be purchased in enormous quantities, can realize heavy industrialization and utilize;
(2) maize straw (whole bar) transport, bearing capacity is low, and corn stalk raw material transport of the present invention, bearing capacity are high, the vehicle of equal transport power, and each car is only freighted 13 tons of maize straws (whole bar); Corn stalk raw material of the present invention then can fill 35 tons;
(3) store same homalographic, stack same height, maize straw (whole bar) only can deposit 350 kilograms/square metre, and corn stalk raw material of the present invention can deposit 1 ton/square metre;
(4) peasant is by after harvest corn, goes back field (rotary tillage), expense: 150 yuan/mu by after corn straw smashing; Reclaimed by industrialization straw harvesting, separation, packing, soil rotary tillage obtains corn stalk raw material of the present invention, adds up to expense: 100 yuan/mu.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of agricultural harvester of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is maize straw conveying schematic diagram in the present invention; ;
Fig. 3 is straw skin dispersal device and anti-block apparatus installation site schematic diagram in corn picker of the present invention;
Wherein:
1---receive the stem ceding of Taiwan, 2---defeated stem device, 3---maize straw skin flesh leaf separator, 4---chassis, 5---driver's cabin, 6---straw skin dispersal device, 7---anti-block apparatus, 8---receive stem cutting table auger, 9-chain harrow assembly, 10---cut flow roller, 11-axial-flow type drum, 12---sieve, 13-oscillating screen plate, 14---distribute screw feeder, 15---fan.
Detailed description of the invention
Be below the specific embodiment of the present invention, described embodiment is to further describe the present invention, instead of restriction the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Papermaking fibers raw material adopts following process route to obtain:
After the maize straw gathered in the crops in the corn maturity period carries out gathering in through agricultural harvester of the present invention (as depicted in figs. 1 and 2), skin flesh leaf is separated, when airing to moisture is 15% in the fields, bundling obtains.
See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the agricultural harvester that the present embodiment adopts comprises chassis 4, power set, electric device, hydraulic system, driver's cabin 5, the receipts stem ceding of Taiwan 1 of harvesting corn stalk, maize straw is torn, blend, and by skin, flesh, the maize straw skin flesh leaf separator 3 that leaf is separated, maize straw under harvesting is transported to maize straw is torn, to blend and by skin, flesh, the defeated stem device 2 of the maize straw skin flesh leaf separator 3 that leaf is separated, between each structure or each structure directly use securing member to connect with chassis, ensure bonding strength, avoid occurring accident in the process of harvesting corn stalk.
Described maize straw skin flesh leaf separator 3 comprises for tearing, blend maize straw and the axial-flow type drum 11 of separating corn straw skin flesh leaf and the sieve 12 for the flesh after leaking down to be separated and leaf.
Described axial-flow type drum 11 is provided with multiple for tearing, blending maize straw and the tooth of separating corn straw skin flesh leaf.
Described tooth is one or more in screw-shaped bar tooth, spike tooth or dull and stereotyped tooth.
Described sieve 12 is provided with multiple hole supplying the maize straw flesh of separation and leaf to pass through.
The described receipts stem ceding of Taiwan 1 is provided with cutter A, described cutter A downward-sloping certain angle in the horizontal direction, can avoid so again being cut by cutter when also not entered harvester by the maize straw that cutter A cuts off, make one section of stalk drop to ground and can not enter harvester and blend.
Described agricultural harvester also comprises receives stem cutting table auger 8, chain harrow assembly 9, cut flow roller 10, oscillating screen plate 13, distributes screw feeder 14 and fan 15.
Realize the tearing of maize straw, blend and skin, flesh, being separated of leaf, the rotating speed of axial-flow type drum d is very crucial, and in the present embodiment, the rotating speed of described axial-flow type drum 11 is 950r/min.
Obtain good separating effect, according to crop situation, the gap regulated between axial-flow type drum and sieve is very important, there is fourth gear gap for this reason, i.e. 5mm, 10mm, 15mm, 20mm, when crop is moist, with small―gap suture between axial-flow type drum and sieve, when crop is dry, between cylinder and sieve, use wide arc gap.
Operation process is: grow the maize straw in farmland, after corn maturity period harvesting corn, stalk is cut off by the receipts stem ceding of Taiwan 1 of agricultural harvester and enters into defeated stem device 2 by the receipts stem cutting table auger 8 in the ceding of Taiwan, the stalk cut off is delivered to cut flow roller 10 by the chain harrow assembly 9 in defeated stem device 2 by stalk, stalk is thrown into maize straw skin flesh leaf separator 3 by cut flow roller 10, by the axial-flow type drum 11 of maize straw skin flesh leaf separator 3 and the effect of sieve 12, maize straw is torn, be divided into the stalk crust of strip, irregular block flesh and scutellate blade.Because maize straw is to be torn the degree that is torn in process different, it is very wide that the stalk crust of strip has, and forms the straw skin of corn strip; What have is then very thin, forms maize straw skin silk.And in maize straw skin silk, what have is combined with skin graft, what have is not combined with skin graft; In conjunction with skin silk at least combine in stalk tubercle part and form tow or be incorporated into the straw skin silk of the partial continuous on skin, the filament shape skin silk that the knot that disengaging its length outside skin then formed one by one is not combined with skin graft is not more than maize straw is grown.The slight crack of high-visible formation straw skin silk or the slight crack of forming section continuous print straw skin silk on skin graft.Meanwhile, because the degree that is torn is different, the flesh part on maize straw skin is stripped formation and departs from free flesh in skin graft, and part be not stripped formation be attached on skin graft in conjunction with flesh.Irregular block flesh and scutellate blade fall by sieve 12 being arranged the hole that the maize straw flesh that Gong is separated and leaf pass through, the shake sieve plate 13 at harvester rear is delivered to by distribution screw feeder 14, flesh and blade lean on the shake of fan 15 and shake sieve plate 13 to act on agricultural harvester rear and discharge, the stalk crust of strip breaks up rear discharge by straw skin dispersal device 6, fulfils assignment.
By stalk crust airing in farmland of irregular block flesh, scutellate blade and strip, in airing process, irregular block flesh part becomes graininess, and scutellate blade also part becomes chip; When sampling detection moisture is 15%, the stalk crust of strip is carried out collection bundling.
In the Papermaking fibers raw material of gained, relative over dry raw material, in described maize straw skin, the mass percentage of water-soluble sugar is 10.0%, and the mass percentage of holocellulose is 71.26%, and the mass percentage of lignin is 12.91%; The degree of crystallinity of described maize straw skin is 47.72%.Described maize straw skin comprises straw skin and the straw skin silk of strip, and remaining on the straw skin of described strip have flesh, and the remaining quantity of described flesh on the straw skin of strip is 0.5%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Papermaking fibers raw material adopts following process route to obtain:
The maize straw of ripe for corn maturity period results is carried out gathering in through agricultural harvester of the present invention (as depicted in figs. 1 and 2), after skin flesh leaf is separated, in the fields air-dry when being 45% to moisture bundling obtain.
The agricultural harvester that the present embodiment uses has set up straw skin dispersal device 6 and anti-block apparatus 7 further on the basis of embodiment 1, and see Fig. 3, its operation process is with embodiment 1.
Described straw skin dispersal device 6 is fixedly connected on the discharging opening of axial-flow type drum 11.Irregular arrangement can be presented when being discharged on the ground by the stalk crust of the isolated strip of maize straw skin flesh leaf separator 3, rolling of rear wheel for harvester may be subject to, simultaneously because straw skin is comparatively hard and fiber connectivity is good, phenomenon in heaps may be there is, be not easy to airing.Therefore installing straw skin dispersal device 6 additional, this device to be made the blade rotation in it by V belt translation mode by cylinder, broken up by straw skin and have the guiding of device case that straw skin is broken up the ground of harvester side uniformly, and being convenient to airing and bundling.
Described anti-block apparatus 7 is located at the bottom of sieve 12.If harvesting maize straw leaf and flesh is moister, water content is high, then the irregular block flesh that produces under the effect of axial-flow type drum and sieve of stalk and scutellate blade are after the sieve that leaks down, may adhere on the inwall of harvester, along with its continuous accumulation can make sieve hole plug, the separating effect of stalk is caused to weaken.So install this anti-block apparatus additional, by distribution screw feeder as main transmission, drive anti-block apparatus by the mode of chain gear transmission, under anti-block apparatus constantly acts on, make to stick to flesh on inwall and leaf and enter smoothly and distribute in screw feeder, complete detached job.
In the Papermaking fibers raw material of gained, relative over dry raw material, in described maize straw skin, the mass percentage of water-soluble sugar is 17.5%, and the mass percentage of holocellulose is 67.57%, and the mass percentage of lignin is 15.85%; The degree of crystallinity of described maize straw skin is 48.50%.Described maize straw skin comprises straw skin and the straw skin silk of strip, and remaining on the straw skin of described strip have flesh, and the remaining quantity of described flesh on the straw skin of strip is 2.5%.
In the present embodiment, the rotating speed of described axial-flow type drum 11 is 1000r/min.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Papermaking fibers stalk adopts following process route to obtain:
After the maize straw gathered in the crops in the corn maturity period carries out gathering in through agricultural harvester of the present invention (as depicted in figs. 1 and 2), skin flesh leaf is separated, in the fields air-dry when being 30% to moisture bundling obtain.
Described agricultural harvester is with embodiment 1.
In the Papermaking fibers raw material of gained, relative over dry raw material, in described maize straw skin, the mass percentage of water-soluble sugar is 12.15%, and the mass percentage of holocellulose is 68.32%, and the mass percentage of lignin is 13.85%; The degree of crystallinity of described maize straw skin is 47.96%.Described maize straw skin comprises straw skin and the straw skin silk of strip, and remaining on the straw skin of described strip have flesh, and the remaining quantity of described flesh on the straw skin of strip is 0.5%.
In the present embodiment, the rotating speed of described axial-flow type drum 11 is 980r/minmin.
Embodiment 4
A kind of Papermaking fibers raw material adopts following process route to obtain:
After the maize straw gathered in the crops in the corn maturity period carries out gathering in through agricultural harvester of the present invention (as depicted in figs. 1 and 2), skin flesh leaf is separated, when airing to moisture is 20% in the fields, bundling obtains.
Described agricultural harvester is with embodiment 2.
In the Papermaking fibers raw material of gained, relative over dry raw material, in described maize straw skin, the mass percentage of water-soluble sugar is 13.28%, and the mass percentage of holocellulose is 70.16%, and the mass percentage of lignin is 14.15%; The degree of crystallinity of described maize straw skin is 48.23%.Described maize straw skin comprises straw skin and the straw skin silk of strip, and remaining on the straw skin of described strip have flesh, and the remaining quantity of described flesh on the straw skin of strip is 1.0%.
In the present embodiment, the rotating speed of described axial-flow type drum 11 is 960r/min.
Test example 1
Copy paper contrast test
1, slurrying
The maize straw skin (being called for short contrast 2) of the maize straw skin (abbreviation contrast 1) of the fibrous raw material (being called for short test) of the embodiment of the present invention 1, " maize straw skin flesh is separated and pulp-making test " and the sarconeme shape structure of " design of corn combine stalks rubbing baler for bank and emulation " is adopted caustic soda-anthraquinone method pulping way, carry out in 15L revolving digester, heating-up time counts from 25 DEG C, 100 DEG C of little steam bleedings, alkali charge 16%(is with Na
2o counts), liquor ratio 1:5, maximum temperature 160 DEG C, heating-up time 90min, temperature retention time 60min, anthraquinone consumption 0.05%.
2, bleach
This test adopts traditional CEH tri-stage bleaching mode to bleach the corn stalk latex that above-mentioned raw materials obtains.---washing---alkali treatment (E)---washing---hypochlorite bleaching (H)---washing that technological process is: chlorination (C).Totally applied chlorine is 8%, and other technological parameters are in table 1.
Table 1, corn stalk latex bleaching process parameter
3, handsheet
The automatic handsheet machine of corn stalk latex PTI obtained by above-mentioned raw materials carries out handsheet experiment, is quantitatively 60g/m
2, quantitatively fluctuation is for ± 3.5%.
Measure whiteness, opacity, YI yellow index and pattern physical strength by related standards method, measure in table 2.
Table 2, corn stalk skin bleached pulp performance test results
Compared with contrast 1, the opacity obtained by paper grade (stock) corn stalk raw material of the present invention has certain decline, and paper YI yellow index improves, but tensile index, burst index, tear index and folding strength are improved; Contrast 2 then because flesh is not removed, in raw material, make the tensile index of paper, burst index and tear index not as good as the present invention containing a large amount of fleshes, may due to the effect of flesh self fragility, and brightness reversion phenomenon is more serious.Therefore, the Papermaking Performance of paper grade (stock) corn stalk raw material of the present invention is better than contrast 1 and contrast 2.
Also carried out above-mentioned test to the paper grade (stock) corn stalk raw material of other embodiments of the invention gained, its result obtained is similar.
Test example 2
Experiment stored up by Papermaking fibers raw material
Paper grade (stock) corn stalk raw material prepared by the Papermaking fibers raw material adopting experimental example 1 of the present invention to prepare and prior art carries out storing up comparative test at identical conditions:
Divided by the Papermaking fibers raw material of embodiment 13 batches (batch 1, batches 2 and batch 3), the maize straw skin silk that the method for storing up of prior art obtains divides 2 batches (contrast 1 and contrasts 2), and equal for above-mentioned straw skin bundling is become 330kg/m
3bundle, then test:
1. hot conditions test
The above-mentioned stalk prepared, stores with warehouse that is clean, that close, the temperature in warehouse is set as 40 DEG C, and relative humidity is place 15 days at 40 temperature, in sampling in the 5th day, the 10th day, the 15th day, detects whether going bad of stalk sample.The results are shown in Table 3:
Table 3
2. super-humid conditions experiment
The above-mentioned stalk prepared, store with warehouse that is clean, that close, the temperature in warehouse is set as 25 ± 2 DEG C, places 15 days under the condition of relative humidity 90 ± 5%, in sampling in the 5th day, the 10th day, the 15th day, detect whether going bad of stalk sample.The results are shown in Table 4:
Table 4
3. hot and humid condition experiment
The above-mentioned stalk prepared, store with warehouse that is clean, that close, the temperature in warehouse is set as 35 ± 2 DEG C, places 30 days under the condition of relative humidity 70 ± 5%, at duration of test respectively at sampling in 5,10,20,30 days once, whether going bad of stalk sample is detected.The results are shown in Table 5:
Table 5
Claims (14)
1. a Papermaking fibers raw material, is characterized in that, described Papermaking fibers raw material is maize straw skin; Described maize straw skin is that the maize straw gathered in the crops in the corn maturity period in farmland obtains through extruding, grinding the mechanical means of rubbing, tear, blend or rubbing silk with the hands; Remaining on wherein said skin have flesh; Relative over dry raw material, in described maize straw skin, the mass percentage of water-soluble sugar is 10.0-17.5%, and the mass percentage of holocellulose is 67.57-71.26%, and the mass percentage of lignin is 12.91-15.85%.
2. Papermaking fibers raw material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described maize straw skin is after agricultural harvester harvesting, skin flesh leaf are separated, and when being 15 ~ 45% to moisture, collection obtains.
3. Papermaking fibers raw material according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described maize straw skin be directly gathered in by agricultural harvester, after skin flesh leaf is separated, airing or air-dryly collect the skin be separated when being 15 ~ 45% to moisture in the fields, then carries out that bundling obtains.
4. Papermaking fibers raw material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the degree of crystallinity of described maize straw skin is 47.72-48.50%.
5. the Papermaking fibers raw material according to claim 1-4 any one, is characterized in that, described maize straw skin comprises straw skin and the straw skin silk of strip.
6. Papermaking fibers raw material according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described flesh remains on the straw skin of strip.
7. Papermaking fibers raw material according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the remaining quantity of described flesh on the straw skin of strip be not higher than 5%.
8. Papermaking fibers raw material according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the remaining quantity of described flesh on the straw skin of strip be not higher than 3%.
9. Papermaking fibers raw material according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the remaining quantity of described flesh on the straw skin of strip is 0.5 ~ 2.5%.
10. Papermaking fibers raw material according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the straw skin silk one by one after described straw skin silk comprises the separation of skin flesh and the straw skin tow be incorporated on skin; The length of the straw skin of described strip is not more than 45cm.
11. Papermaking fibers raw materials according to claim 10, is characterized in that, described straw skin tow is included in the straw skin tow that tubercle position and leather block close or the straw skin silk being incorporated into the partial continuous on skin.
12. Papermaking fibers raw materials according to claim 11, is characterized in that, along slight crack stalk longitudinal direction having the straw skin silk forming partial continuous on described skin.
13. Papermaking fibers raw materials according to claim 6-12 any one, it is characterized in that, the fibre fineness of described maize straw skin is 38 ~ 42tex; Mean breadth is 82 ~ 88 μm; The fiber content being more than or equal to 70 microns in described maize straw skin is 60 ~ 65%.
14. Papermaking fibers raw materials according to claim 13, is characterized in that, the fibre fineness of described maize straw skin is 41.33tex; Mean breadth is 85.076 μm; The fiber content being more than or equal to 70 microns in described maize straw skin is 63.433%.
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| CN110886120B (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2021-06-08 | 大连一品机械制造有限公司 | Steam pressure flash explosion device |
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