CN102978516A - Excavator toothholder and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Excavator toothholder and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN102978516A
CN102978516A CN2012104680185A CN201210468018A CN102978516A CN 102978516 A CN102978516 A CN 102978516A CN 2012104680185 A CN2012104680185 A CN 2012104680185A CN 201210468018 A CN201210468018 A CN 201210468018A CN 102978516 A CN102978516 A CN 102978516A
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toothholder
excavator
temperature
excavator toothholder
preparation
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CN102978516B (en
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钱嘉镕新
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Jining high tech Keda Technology Project Service Co.,Ltd.
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NINGBO JIADA PRECISION CASTING CO Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses an excavator toothholder and a preparation method thereof. The excavator toothholder solves the problem that the existing toothholder has a short service life and a high cost. The excavator toothholder comprises: by mass, 0.28 to 0.32% of C, 1.40 to 1.70% of Mn, 1.30 to 1.60% of Si, 1.45 to 1.85% of Cr, 0.15 to 0.25% of Mo and the balance Fe. The preparation method of the excavator toothholder comprises a casting process and a thermal treatment process. The excavator toothholder has the advantages of high mechanical properties, high hardness, high tensile strength, high toughness, high wear resistance, long service life and low cost.

Description

A kind of excavator toothholder and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of toothholder, relate in particular to a kind of excavator toothholder and preparation method thereof, belong to metal material field.
Background technology
Bucket tooth, toothholder are the main worn partss of excavator, shovel loader, and bucket tooth, toothholder directly contact with sand, soil, rock, mineral etc. in the course of the work, are subject to serious abrasive wear, and consumption is very large.The function different with toothholder according to bucket tooth, bucket tooth is different to the requirement of the mechanical property of material with toothholder.Wherein, bucket tooth directly contacts with ore, and it needs high rigidity, high-wearing feature and high strength and high tenacity, and toothholder then requires material to have good weldability, to guarantee the reliability of weld bond intensity and welding, guarantees simultaneously higher toughness and hardness.
The toothholder life-span of the prior art is very short, is easy to fracture or crackle, and its reason is the weldability of toothholder and wears no resistance that impelling strength and tensile strength are also lower.Chinese patent application (publication number is CN1876879A) discloses a kind of microalloy welded cast steel toothholder, its chemical ingredients is: C:0.15-0.25wt%, Si:0.3-1.0wt%, Mn:0.6-1.4wt%, Cr:0.4-1.0wt%, B:0.0005-0.007wt%, Al:0.01-0.1wt%, Ce:0-0.045wt%, La:0-0.035wt%, Ti:0-0.1wt%, P≤0.03wt%, S≤0.03wt%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity element, its preparation process comprises molten steel and thermal treatment.A small amount of other elements of this micro-alloy weldable cast steel tooth stand adding such as B, La, Ce, though the toothholder performance of making can satisfy the general requirement of toothholder material, but its work-ing life is shorter, material cost is higher, such as the price of rare-earth metal La just up to 100000-110000 yuan/ton, the price of Ce is 165000-170000 yuan/ton, causes the toothholder price high, and the market competitiveness is lower.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of good mechanical property be provided, long service life, cost low the excavator toothholder.
Purpose of the present invention can realize by following technical proposal: a kind of excavator toothholder, the moiety of described toothholder and mass percent are: C:0.28%-0.32%, Mn:1.40%-1.70%, Si:1.30%-1.60%, Cr:1.45%-1.85%, Mo:0.15%-0.25%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Carbon content is the important factor that determines steel hardness, carbon amount design among the present invention is low to be 0.28%-0.32%, though the low-carbon (LC) design has increased the susceptibility of foundry goods to crackle, when having obtained high rigidity by quenching, has guaranteed again enough plasticity and toughness and wear resistance thereof.
Mn is as the fundamental element of steel alloy, when the Mn element is higher than 9%, on the not significantly impact of mechanical property of steel.Under the prerequisite that guarantees austenite structure, reduction along with the Mn constituent content, although stabilization of austenite descends, but the workhardness ability significantly strengthens, wear resistance significantly improves under the high impact effect, and the present invention to 1.30%-1.50%, had both guaranteed austenite structure with the Mn content, can increase again the wear resistance that austenitic hardness and intensity also can significantly improve toothholder, to remedy the deficiency of low-carbon (LC).Effect manganese element plays two in this toothholder aspect, one be in and the deleterious effect of ferro element, make ferro element only bring into play its positive effect, so the balance iron element also is the important parameter of choosing manganese element content; Two for improving the solidity to corrosions of toothholder, and adding manganese element can the refinement material structure, improves recrystallization temperature, strengthens toothholder thermotolerance during directly with ore contact friction generation high temperature in the mining process in mine.
If the silicone content in the steel is higher, can cause that then carbide decomposes, reduce the concentration of carbon in austenite, make working hardening ability variation, the tendency that foundry goods is cracked increases.And the purpose that adds Si during alloying is to utilize Si in the continuous cooling process can increase residual austenite content in the stability of supercooled austenite and the steel, separating out of strong obstruction carbide, improve the resistance to tempering of steel, Gu silicone content of the present invention is controlled at 1.30%-1.60%.In addition, the interaction of Cr, Mn, Si element proportioning all has obvious effect to hardening capacity, hardenability, the austenitic stability of steel.
The present invention brings up to 1.45%-1.85% with Cr content, because the iron atom radius is 2.710 -10M, and the radius of chromium atom is 2.810 -10M, both are very close, and iron is stronger than other elements with the avidity of chromium, and easy and carbon is combined into (Fe, Cr) 3C.In addition, the increase carbide amount with chromium content in the as-cast structure of steel increases thereupon, often forms continuous net-shaped carbide (Fe, Cr) at crystal boundary 3C.Because the diffusion process characteristics of chromium and chromium are on the impact of carbon diffusion process, during the general tough processing of water, chromium containing carbide is difficult to hydrolysis, and it is difficult to form the individual event austenite, thereby affects the performance of steel.
Carbide forming element Mo has the effect that forms the diffusion alloy carbide, and when improving wear resistance, but crystal grain thinning makes the whole cross section of toothholder have more uniform mechanical property.Show that after deliberation when adding 0.15%-0.25%Mo, the intensity of steel, plasticity and impelling strength can improve 20%-30%, wear resistance also improves 20%-30%.Thereby Mo can be distributed in cracking resistance line ability and the shrend quality that improves foundry goods of separating out that suppresses carbide in the carbide.
Further, in the described impurity, the mass percent of S element less than or equal to the mass percent of 0.025%, P element less than or equal to 0.025%.
Sulphur S makes the degradation of high mangaenese steel consumingly, but when sulphur content less than 0.03% the time, its deleterious effect is just not obvious.
P and s is the same, and wear resistance and the mechanical property of high mangaenese steel all had special injurious effects, and per 0.02% P on average reduces impelling strength 1.98J/cm 2When phosphorus drops to 0.02%-0.04% from 0.07%-1.0%, the plasticity of steel, toughness, wear resistance all can improve 40%-50%, and casting crack also can greatly reduce.The present invention is controlled at the content of phosphorus in 0.025%, also can avoid intercrystalline precipitation eutectic phosphide.
Further, the moiety of described excavator toothholder and mass percent are: C:0.30%, and Mn:1.60%, Si:1.50%, Cr:1.75%, Mo:0.20%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned excavator toothholder, comprises casting process and heat treatment step.In the described heat treatment step, treat that temperature is 920 ℃-950 ℃ and quenches, be incubated first 2-4 hour after the quenching; Tempering when treating that temperature is 220 ℃-240 ℃ is incubated 3-4 hour after the tempering again.
Further, in the described heat treatment step, tempering temperature is 230 ℃.
The present invention adopts the method can simplify production technique, reduces energy consumption, and can make equally the performance level after foundry goods has conventional thermal treatment.The quenching temperature because the method can be rapidly heated has immediately so just shortened the time that carbide dissolves again.Therefore, the more conventional thermal treatment of organizing of this technique gained significantly improves: the austenite homogeneity increases, and the carbide dissolving is more complete, and grain boundary carbide reduces, thus the plasticity of steel particularly the homogeneity of impelling strength and each position performance of foundry goods significantly improve.
The quenching temperature that the present invention adopts is different from the quenching temperature of conventional hypoeutectoid steel, set routinely quenching temperature and be up to 900 ℃, but quenching effect is unsatisfactory.Steel is in heat-processed, and in the time of 400 ℃-700 ℃, carbide is constantly separated out and grown up, and carbide dissolves gradually in the time of 700 ℃-900 ℃, when being heated to more than 920 ℃, even remaining carbide also can all dissolve on the crystal boundary.Because the existence of the carbide of indissoluble is necessary to improve its solid solubility temperature, and quenching temperature is brought up to 920 ℃-950 ℃, though the intensity of steel descends slightly, reach best obdurability and plasticity.Improve the homogenizing that the temperature of quenching is conducive to composition, further reduce the high-carbon microcell, increase the quantity of the strong martensite of high dislocation lath and film like residual austenite, thereby improve the obdurability of steel, strengthen the ability of opposing crack propagation, alleviate stress concentration, improve toughness.
In addition, if Heating temperature is on the low side or soaking time is not enough in the tough processing of water, carbide can not fully dissolve, and frequent is on austenitic crystal boundary.If Heating temperature is higher in the tough processing of water, will make Austenite Grain Growth.
The present invention passes through the component of the specific excavator toothholder of configuration and the raw material of mass percent, and makes good mechanical property by special thermal treatment process, and hardness, tensile strength, toughness, wear resistance are all higher, the excavator toothholder of long service life.
Embodiment
Table 1: embodiment 1~3 is for the preparation of component and the mass percent thereof of excavator toothholder
Embodiment 1
The component of excavator toothholder and mass percent thereof are shown in embodiment in the table 11 in the present embodiment.
The component of excavator toothholder and mass percent thereof have certain impact to the mechanical property of toothholder, and its preparation technology also has larger impact to the mechanical property of the toothholder of final formation.The preparation technology of toothholder comprises casting process and heat treatment step, and wherein casting process adopts conventional casting get final product, and what the final mechanical property of toothholder was had the greatest impact is heat treatment step.Heat treatment step comprise quench to heat up, the step of air cooling after the tempering after the insulation, tempering.Present embodiment is for inquiring in optimal quenching temperature, tempering temperature, to the thermal treatment and test its mechanical property under different condition of toothholder in the present embodiment, gets experimental result such as table 2.
Table 2:
Figure BSA00000807715700061
As can be seen from Table 2, quenching temperature is that 920 ℃ of-950 ℃ of intervals and tempering temperature are 220 ℃ of-240 ℃ of intervals, tensile strength and hardness reduce with the rising of tempering temperature, normal temperature impelling strength then raises, be 920 ℃ in quenching temperature, when tempering temperature is 240 ℃, tensile strength, hardness reach minimum value, and normal temperature impelling strength then reaches maximum value, and wear resistance reaches optimum regime.Quench that can to obtain hardness moderate because low-carbon alloy steel is carried out austenitizing heat chilling, rigidity is good, the low-carbon lath martensite tissue of obdurability.Segregation caused substructure refinement and high density dislocation to produce solution strengthening on dislocation and lath border when " C " element quenched in the invar.Low-carbon lath martensite is lath-shaped distribution parallel to each other under electron microscope, its main body is by the crystal composition of many thin and thin length, and lath is interior without twin.And when tempering temperature during greater than 240 ℃, dislocation generation slippage and climbing causes dislocation desity to reduce, and crystal boundary is moved simultaneously, and subgrain merges and causes the every mechanical property of toothholder to descend.
Therefore the condition that the toothholder after the implementation case selection is processed through forging process is heat-treated is: in heat treatment step, treat to quench when temperature is 920 ℃, be incubated 2-4 hour after quenching; When temperature is 220 ℃-240 ℃, carry out tempering, be incubated again 3-4 hour after the tempering.
The excavator teeth seat good mechanical property of gained in the present embodiment, hardness, tensile strength, toughness, wear resistance are all higher, long service life, the cost of material is low.
Embodiment 2
Press component and the mass percent of embodiment 2 definite excavator toothholders in the table 1, the excavator toothholder is through casting process and heat treatment step in the present embodiment, wherein heat treatment step adopts the processing condition the same with embodiment one, namely in heat treatment step, treat to quench when temperature is 920 ℃, insulation is 2-4 hour after quenching; When temperature is 220 ℃-240 ℃, carry out tempering, be incubated again 3-4 hour after the tempering.Test its mechanical property such as table 3.
Table 3:
Figure BSA00000807715700071
From above-mentioned test adopt the proportioning of present embodiment after, the excavator teeth seat good mechanical property that utilizes the processing condition of embodiment one to make, hardness, tensile strength, toughness, wear resistance are all higher, long service life, the cost of material is low.
Embodiment 3
Press component and the mass percent of embodiment 3 definite excavator toothholders in the table 1, the excavator toothholder is through casting process and heat treatment step in the present embodiment, wherein heat treatment step adopts the processing condition the same with embodiment one, namely in heat treatment step, treat to quench when temperature is 920 ℃, insulation is 2-4 hour after quenching; When temperature is 220 ℃-240 ℃, carry out tempering, be incubated again 3-4 hour after the tempering.Test its mechanical property such as table 4.
Table 4:
Figure BSA00000807715700072
From above-mentioned test adopt the proportioning of present embodiment after, the excavator toothholder that utilizes the processing condition of embodiment one to make, its good mechanical property, hardness, tensile strength, toughness, wear resistance are all higher, long service life, the cost of material is low.
Specific embodiment described herein only is to the explanation for example of the present invention's spirit.Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or replenish or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. excavator toothholder, it is characterized in that: the moiety of described toothholder and mass percent are: C:0.28%-0.32%, Mn:1.40%-1.70%, Si:1.30%-1.60%, Cr:1.45%-1.85%, Mo:0.15%-0.25%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
2. excavator toothholder according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described impurity, the mass percent of S element less than or equal to the mass percent of 0.025%, P element less than or equal to 0.025%.
3. excavator toothholder according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the moiety of described excavator toothholder and mass percent are: C:0.30%, Mn:1.60%, Si:1.50%, Cr:1.75%, Mo:0.20%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
4. preparation method who prepares the described excavator toothholder of claims 1 to 3 any one, comprise casting process and heat treatment step, it is characterized in that: in the described heat treatment step, quenching temperature is 920 ℃-950 ℃, soaking time is 2-4 hour after quenching, tempering temperature is 220 ℃-240 ℃, and soaking time is 3-4 hour after the tempering.
5. the preparation method of excavator toothholder according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: in the described heat treatment step, tempering temperature is 230 ℃.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104593685A (en) * 2014-12-29 2015-05-06 宁波宇翔机械铸造有限公司 Tooth holder of excavator and preparation method of tooth holder
CN105349903A (en) * 2015-10-28 2016-02-24 安徽省三方新材料科技有限公司 High-chromium and high-carbon-steel abrasion-resisting bucket tooth holder

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CN102517499A (en) * 2011-12-19 2012-06-27 张家港市鼎力铸钢有限公司 High-strength and low-cost dilute alloy wear resistant cast steel
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KR20030060320A (en) * 2002-01-08 2003-07-16 기아특수강 주식회사 A wear resisting steel and a method thereof
US20050045248A1 (en) * 2003-08-28 2005-03-03 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Contact pressure-resistant member and method of making the same
JP2012017499A (en) * 2010-07-08 2012-01-26 Jfe Bars & Shapes Corp Gear with excellent fatigue resistance and method of manufacturing the same
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104593685A (en) * 2014-12-29 2015-05-06 宁波宇翔机械铸造有限公司 Tooth holder of excavator and preparation method of tooth holder
CN104593685B (en) * 2014-12-29 2016-11-23 宁波市胜源技术转移有限公司 A kind of excavator toothholder and preparation method thereof
CN105349903A (en) * 2015-10-28 2016-02-24 安徽省三方新材料科技有限公司 High-chromium and high-carbon-steel abrasion-resisting bucket tooth holder

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Address before: 315131 Hengxi town kongjiatan Ningbo Jiada Precision Casting Co., Ltd., Yinzhou District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province

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