CN102978418A - Processing method of casting zinc dross - Google Patents

Processing method of casting zinc dross Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102978418A
CN102978418A CN2012105239791A CN201210523979A CN102978418A CN 102978418 A CN102978418 A CN 102978418A CN 2012105239791 A CN2012105239791 A CN 2012105239791A CN 201210523979 A CN201210523979 A CN 201210523979A CN 102978418 A CN102978418 A CN 102978418A
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China
Prior art keywords
chloride
washing
zinc
electrodialysis
reverse osmosis
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CN2012105239791A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陶政修
王学洪
蒋光佑
韦晓岚
廖柏俊
韦开林
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CHINA TIN GROUP Co Ltd
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CHINA TIN GROUP Co Ltd
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Priority to CN2012105239791A priority Critical patent/CN102978418A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

Abstract

The invention discloses a processing method of casting zinc dross. The processing method comprises the steps of adding water and the casting zinc dross into a washing trough when stirring at room temperature, adjusting the final pH value of washing liquid to 9-11 using hydrated lime powder, washing the casting zinc dross for 10-30 minutes, filtering to obtain filtrate and filtration residue, washing the filtration residue using tap water at room temperature and in the liquid-solid ratio of (3:1):(5:1) for 10-30 minutes, filtering to obtain the filtrate and filtration residue, returning the filtration residue to a zinc system to produce electrodeposited zinc, returning the filtrate to the lime water washing procedure, subjecting the lime water washed filtrate to electrodialysis concentration,subjecting the electrodialysis purified liquid to the separation treatment by means of reverse osmosis membrane technology, returning the reverse osmosis concentrated liquid to the electrodialysis procedure for processing, returning the reverse osmosis membrane purified liquid to the tap water washing procedure, and vaporizing and concentrating the electrodialysis concentrated liquid to produce the product of calcium chloride. By adopting the processing method provided by the invention, chlorine can be fast removed from the casting zinc dross, the metal zinc can be recycled, the product of calcium chloride can be simultaneously produced, and the whole process procedures do not produce waste water.

Description

A kind for the treatment of process of casting mold zinc dross
Technical field
The present invention relates to smelting field of nonferrous metal, particularly a kind for the treatment of process of casting mold zinc dross.
Background technology
The casting mold zinc dross be the negative electrode zinc metal sheet in fusion-cast zinc ingot metal process output contain zinc 70~85%, chloride 1.0~3.0% scum silica frost; Zinc mainly exists with the zinc oxide form, small portion is metallic zinc and zinc chloride, the major impurity element of casting mold zinc dross is chlorine, chlorine mainly exists with the zinc chloride form, other impurity such as iron, lead, arsenic, antimony, copper, cadmium etc. are all very low, according to the Chemical Composition of casting mold zinc dross, process if can carry out dechlorination to the casting mold scum silica frost, be a kind of very desirable zinc metallurgy raw material through the casting mold zinc dross after the dechlorination so.
At present, mainly contain following several to the treatment process of casting mold zinc dross:
1, multiple hearth furnace pyrogenic process dechlorination.Adopt multiple hearth furnace pyrogenic process dechlorination process to process the casting mold zinc dross, mainly be to utilize the zinc chloride boiling point in the casting mold zinc dross low than zinc oxide, under 750~850 ℃ of the temperature and atmospheric condition of multiple hearth furnace operation control, the zinc chloride volatilization enters flue gas, and along with the cooling of flue gas, enter in the bag dust, zinc oxide is non-volatile, under the promotion of mechanical stirrer, at the bottom of the multiple hearth furnace out.Multiple hearth furnace pyrogenic process dechlorination rate reaches more than 90%, and the casting mold scum silica frost after the dechlorination is chloride to be reduced to below 0.2%, and product can satisfy electric zinc raw material and the requirement of furnace zinc powder raw material fully.It is good that this technique has a dechlorination effect, dechlorination rate reaches more than 90%, plant efficiency is high, and every stove every day can material handling 100 tons, and its shortcoming is to need to consume coal gas, the zinc chloride that is isolated in the cloth bag flue dust can't use by Returning process, reduced the rate of recovery of zinc, in addition, the flue dust that contains zinc chloride has hygroscopic property, the work-ing life of cloth bag is short, and production cost is high.
2, rotary kiln pyrogenic process dechlorination.Adopt rotary kiln pyrogenic process dechlorination process to process the casting mold zinc dross, its principle is the same with the dechlorination of multiple hearth furnace pyrogenic process, utilize the zinc chloride boiling point in the casting mold zinc dross low than zinc oxide, under 850~1100 ℃ of the temperature and atmospheric condition of revolution operation control, zinc chloride volatilization enters flue gas, and along with the cooling of flue gas, enters in the bag dust, zinc oxide is non-volatile, along with the rotation of kiln body from kiln hood out.Because the service temperature of rotary kiln is higher than multiple hearth furnace, therefore, rotary kiln pyrogenic process dechlorination rate is higher, reaches more than 98%, casting mold scum silica frost after the dechlorination is chloride to be reduced to below 0.05%, and product can satisfy electric zinc raw material, furnace zinc powder raw material and grade zinc oxide ingredient requirement fully.It is good that this technique has a dechlorination effect, dechlorination rate reaches more than 98%, product is chloride to be reduced to below 0.05%, operating process is simple, the workman just can go up post operation through simple training, and its shortcoming is that energy consumption is large, and the zinc chloride of cloth bag flue dust can't use by Returning process, simultaneously because the roasting process exhausting is large, the zinc oxide of some also is pumped in the bag dust, mixes with the zinc chloride that volatilizees, and can't reclaim use, therefore, the zinc metal recovery rate is lower, and in addition, the flue dust that contains zinc chloride has hygroscopic property, the work-ing life of cloth bag is short, and production cost is high.
3, wet scrubbing dechlorination, adopt the wet scrubbing dechlorination process to process the casting mold zinc dross, its principle is to utilize the zinc chloride in the casting mold zinc dross soluble in water, and zinc oxide and metallic zinc are not dissolved in water, under the wash conditions, the zinc chloride dissolving enters solution, and zinc oxide and metallic zinc are deposited in the washed-residue.Through after the solid-liquid separation, reached the purpose of zinc chloride and zinc oxide separation, effective elimination the chlorine element.If in washing process, add the alkaline matter that is dissolvable in water water, such as soda ash, volatile salt, yellow soda ash, lime etc., then the zinc in the solution can be precipitated out, again enter in the slag with zinc hydroxide or zinc subcarbonate form, therefore add the alkaline matter washing that is dissolvable in water water, can effectively reclaim the zinc metal, the rate of recovery of zinc metal can reach more than 99%, casting mold scum silica frost after the once washing dechlorination is chloride to be reduced to about 0.4%, secondary washing can be reduced to below 0.2%, and the secondary washing product can satisfy electric zinc raw material fully, the requirement of furnace zinc powder raw material.It is simple that this technique has operating process, and the workman just can go up post operation through simple training, and the zinc metal recovery rate is high, reaches 99%, and its shortcoming is the output washes, contaminate environment.
Summary of the invention
The treatment process that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of casting mold zinc dross; the method is with wet scrubbing dechlorination technology and the abundant combination of wastewater treating technology; not only fully reclaimed the zinc metal in the casting mold zinc dross; also calcium chloride solution is realized low-cost concentrated; output industrial calcium chloride product; technological process is output waste water no longer, effectively protection of the environment.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose: a kind for the treatment of process of casting mold zinc dross comprises the steps:
(1), liming washing: under normal temperature, stirring, weight ratio by liquid/solid is that 3:1~5:1 adds entry and casting mold zinc dross in rinse bath, then regulate the endpoint pH to 9 of washings~11 with dry hydrate, washing casting mold zinc dross 10~30 minutes, filter, obtain the liming washing and filtering liquid of chloride 3.0~6.0 grams per liters and chloride 0.3~0.6% liming washing and filtering slag;
(2), tap water washing: the liming washing and filtering slag that step (1) is obtained, be under the condition of 3:1~5:1 with tap water in normal temperature, liquid-solid ratio, washed 10~30 minutes, filter, obtaining chloride 0.1~0.2% tap water washing and filtering slag returns Zn system and produces electric zinc, tap water washing and filtering liquid returns the liming washing process of step (1)
(3), electrodialysis is concentrated: it is concentrated that the liming washing and filtering liquid of step (1) is carried out electroosmose process, obtains the electrodialysis concentrated solution of chloride 100~200 grams per liters and the electrodialysis scavenging solution of chloride 0.5~2.0 grams per liter,
(4), reverse osmosis isolation: the electrodialysis scavenging solution of chloride 0.5~2.0 grams per liter is carried out separating treatment with reverse osmosis technology; Obtain the reverse osmosis concentrated liquid of chloride 3.0~7.0 grams per liters and the reverse osmosis scavenging solution of chloride 0.05~0.20 grams per liter; Reverse osmosis concentrated liquid returns the electrodialysis process of step (3), and the reverse osmosis scavenging solution returns the tap water washing process of step (2),
(5) evaporating, concentrating and crystallizing: the electrodialysis concentrated solution of chloride 100~200 grams per liters is carried out evaporating, concentrating and crystallizing, manufacture level calcium chloride product.
Outstanding advantages of the present invention is:
Can realize efficiently, fast that the zinc in the casting mold zinc dross separates with chlorine, not only have the high advantage of zinc recovery, and after washing low-cost the concentrating of calcium chloride solution process that obtains, become the calcium chloride Industrial products, process is output waste water no longer, effectively protection of the environment.
In washing process, owing to adopted lime to make pH value conditioning agent, make the zinc chloride in the solution change the zinc hydroxide precipitation into, zinc has obtained recovery, and therefore, the method can guarantee that zinc has the higher rate of recovery, reaches more than 99%.
Adopt electrodialysis tentatively to concentrate to calcium chloride solution, the Chlorine in Solution ionic concn is concentrated to 100~200 grams per liters by 3.0~7.0 grams per liters, reduced by a relatively large margin the solution concentrated cost.
The electrodialysis scavenging solution is carried out isolation processing with reverse osmosis membrane technology, and the reverse osmosis scavenging solution that obtains turns back to washing flow, has realized the zero release of waste water.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of the treatment process of casting mold zinc dross of the present invention.
Embodiment
By the following examples technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment is the first example of the treatment process of casting mold zinc dross of the present invention, comprises the steps:
(1), liming washing: in 30 cubic metres rinse bath, the water that adds 18 cubic metres, stir, temperature is 25 ℃, adds to contain 6 tons of zinc 70%, chloride 1.0% casting mold zinc dross, with 81 kilograms of dry hydrates, regulate the endpoint pH to 9 of washings, washed 10 minutes, and carried out filtering separation, obtain 7.7 tons of 16.5 cubic metres of the liming washing and filtering liquid of chloride 3.1 grams per liters and chloride 0.35% liming washing and filtering wet slags.
(2), tap water washing: in 30 cubic metres rinse bath, the tap water that adds 18 cubic metres, stir, add 7.7 tons of liming washing and filtering wet slags, being 25 ℃ in temperature washed 10 minutes, carry out filtering separation, obtain the washing and filtering water of 7.7 tons of chloride 0.12% tap water washing and filtering wet slags and 18 cubic metres; The washing and filtering wet slag returns Zn system and produces electric zinc, and tap water washing and filtering liquid turns back to the liming washing process of step (1).
(3), electrodialysis is concentrated: 16.5 cubic metres of the liming washing and filtering liquid of chloride 3.1 grams per liters, it is concentrated to carry out electroosmose process, obtains 16.07 cubic metres of the electrodialysis scavenging solutions of 0.42 cubic metre of the electrodialysis concentrated solution of chloride 100 grams per liters and chloride 0.5 grams per liter.
(4), reverse osmosis isolation: 16.07 cubic metres of the electrodialysis scavenging solutions of chloride 0.5 grams per liter carry out reverse osmosis isolation, obtain 13.63 cubic metres of the reverse osmosis scavenging solutions of 2.41 cubic metres of the reverse osmosis concentrated liquids of chloride 3.0 grams per liters and chloride 0.05 grams per liter; 2.41 cubic metres of electrodialysis processes that return step (3) of reverse osmosis concentrated liquid, 13.63 cubic metres of tap water washing process that return step (2) of reverse osmosis scavenging solution.
(5) evaporating, concentrating and crystallizing: 0.42 cubic metre of the electrodialysis concentrated solution of chloride 100 grams per liters, carry out evaporating, concentrating and crystallizing, 83 kilograms of manufacture level calcium chloride products, product purity 97.0%.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment is the second example of the treatment process of casting mold zinc dross of the present invention, comprises the steps:
(1), liming washing: in 30 cubic metres rinse bath, the water that adds 25 cubic metres, stir, temperature is 25 ℃, adds to contain 6 tons of zinc 78%, chloride 2.0% casting mold zinc dross, with 164 kilograms of dry hydrates, regulate the endpoint pH to 10 of washings, washed 20 minutes, and carried out filtering separation, obtain 7.6 tons of 23.5 cubic metres of the liming washing and filtering liquid of chloride 5.0 grams per liters and chloride 0.46% liming washing and filtering wet slags.
(2), tap water washing: in 30 cubic metres rinse bath, the tap water that adds 25 cubic metres, stir, add 7.6 tons of liming washing and filtering wet slags, being 25 ℃ in temperature washed 20 minutes, carry out filtering separation, obtain the washing and filtering water of 7.6 tons of chloride 0.11% tap water washing and filtering wet slags and 25 cubic metres; The washing and filtering wet slag returns Zn system and produces electric zinc, and tap water washing and filtering liquid turns back to the liming washing process of step (1).
(3), electrodialysis is concentrated: 23.5 cubic metres of the liming washing and filtering liquid of chloride 5.0 grams per liters, it is concentrated to carry out electroosmose process, obtains 22.87 cubic metres of the electrodialysis scavenging solutions of 0.63 cubic metre of the electrodialysis concentrated solution of chloride 150 grams per liters and chloride 1.0 grams per liters.
(4), reverse osmosis isolation: 22.87 cubic metres of the electrodialysis scavenging solutions of chloride 1.0 grams per liters carry out reverse osmosis isolation, obtain 18.67 cubic metres of the reverse osmosis scavenging solutions of 4.20 cubic metres of the reverse osmosis concentrated liquids of chloride 5.0 grams per liters and chloride 0.10 grams per liter; 4.20 cubic metres of electrodialysis processes that return step (3) of reverse osmosis concentrated liquid, 18.67 cubic metres of tap water washing process that return step (2) of reverse osmosis scavenging solution.
(5) evaporating, concentrating and crystallizing: 0.6 cubic metre of the electrodialysis concentrated solution of chloride 150 grams per liters, carry out evaporating, concentrating and crystallizing, 185 kilograms of manufacture level calcium chloride products, product purity 97.8%.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiment is the second example of the treatment process of casting mold zinc dross of the present invention, comprises the steps:
(1), liming washing: in 30 cubic metres rinse bath, the water that adds 25 cubic metres, stir, temperature is 25 ℃, adds to contain 5 tons of zinc 85%, chloride 3.0% casting mold zinc dross, with 206 kilograms of dry hydrates, regulate the endpoint pH to 11 of washings, washed 30 minutes, and carried out filtering separation, obtain 6.4 tons of 23.6 cubic metres of the liming washing and filtering liquid of chloride 6.0 grams per liters and chloride 0.58% liming washing and filtering wet slags.
(2), tap water washing: in 30 cubic metres rinse bath, the tap water that adds 25 cubic metres, stir, add 6.4 tons of liming washing and filtering wet slags, being 25 ℃ in temperature washed 30 minutes, carry out filtering separation, obtain the washing and filtering water of 6.4 tons of chloride 0.13% tap water washing and filtering wet slags and 25 cubic metres; The washing and filtering wet slag returns Zn system and produces electric zinc, and tap water washing and filtering liquid turns back to the liming washing process of step (1).
(3), electrodialysis is concentrated: 23.6 cubic metres of the liming washing and filtering liquid of chloride 6.0 grams per liters, it is concentrated to carry out electroosmose process, obtains 23.12 cubic metres of the electrodialysis scavenging solutions of 0.48 cubic metre of the electrodialysis concentrated solution of chloride 200 grams per liters and chloride 2.0 grams per liters.
(4), reverse osmosis isolation: 23.12 cubic metres of the electrodialysis scavenging solutions of chloride 2.0 grams per liters carry out reverse osmosis isolation, obtain 17.01 cubic metres of the reverse osmosis scavenging solutions of 6.11 cubic metres of the reverse osmosis concentrated liquids of chloride 7.0 grams per liters and chloride 0.20 grams per liter; 6.11 cubic metres of electrodialysis processes that return step (3) of reverse osmosis concentrated liquid, 17.01 cubic metres of tap water washing process that return step (2) of reverse osmosis scavenging solution.
(5) evaporating, concentrating and crystallizing: 0.48 cubic metre of the electrodialysis concentrated solution of chloride 200 grams per liters, carry out evaporating, concentrating and crystallizing, 191 kilograms of manufacture level calcium chloride products, product purity 96.3%.

Claims (2)

1. the treatment process of a casting mold zinc dross is characterized in that, the method comprises the steps:
(1), liming washing: under normal temperature, stirring, weight ratio by liquid/solid is that 3:1~5:1 adds entry and casting mold zinc dross in rinse bath, then regulate the endpoint pH to 9 of washings~11 with lime powder, washing casting mold zinc dross 10~30 minutes, filter, obtain the liming washing and filtering liquid of chloride 3.0~6.0 grams per liters and chloride 0.3~0.6% liming washing and filtering slag;
(2), tap water washing: the liming washing and filtering slag that step (1) is obtained, be under the condition of 3:1~5:1 with tap water in normal temperature, liquid-solid ratio, washed 10~30 minutes, filter, obtaining chloride 0.1~0.2% tap water washing and filtering slag returns Zn system and produces electric zinc, tap water washing and filtering liquid returns the liming washing process of step (1)
(3), electrodialysis is concentrated: it is concentrated that the liming washing and filtering liquid of step (1) is carried out electroosmose process, obtains the electrodialysis concentrated solution of chloride 100~200 grams per liters and the electrodialysis scavenging solution of chloride 0.5~2.0 grams per liter,
(4), reverse osmosis isolation: the electrodialysis scavenging solution of chloride 0.5~2.0 grams per liter is carried out separating treatment with reverse osmosis technology; Obtain the reverse osmosis concentrated liquid of chloride 3.0~7.0 grams per liters and the reverse osmosis scavenging solution of chloride 0.05~0.20 grams per liter; Reverse osmosis concentrated liquid returns the electrodialysis process of step (3), and the reverse osmosis scavenging solution returns the tap water washing process of step (2),
(5) evaporating, concentrating and crystallizing: the electrodialysis concentrated solution of chloride 100~200 grams per liters is carried out evaporating, concentrating and crystallizing, manufacture level calcium chloride product.
2. the treatment process of casting mold zinc dross according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described casting mold zinc dross be the negative electrode zinc metal sheet in fusion-cast zinc ingot metal process output contain zinc 70~85%, chloride 1.0~3.0% scum silica frost.
CN2012105239791A 2012-12-07 2012-12-07 Processing method of casting zinc dross Pending CN102978418A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103194619A (en) * 2013-04-23 2013-07-10 吴鋆 Fusion casting method of cathode zinc sheets
CN103627888A (en) * 2013-12-12 2014-03-12 重庆大学 Dechlorination method of chlorine rhodochrosite
CN103739132A (en) * 2014-01-02 2014-04-23 杭州深瑞水务有限公司 High-salinity industrial wastewater reusing treatment process

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CN1817518A (en) * 2006-03-10 2006-08-16 同济大学 Production of metal zinc powder from zinc dust and zinc dross
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CN102295392A (en) * 2011-08-08 2011-12-28 杭州水处理技术研究开发中心有限公司 Method for treating and reusing calcium chloride wastewater
CN102719668A (en) * 2012-07-09 2012-10-10 山东理工大学 Technology for extracting zinc, lead and silver step by step by processing zinc-leached residues by full wet process

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0889141A1 (en) * 1996-02-16 1999-01-07 Aichi Steel Works, Ltd. Zinc oxide-containing waste processing method
CN1817518A (en) * 2006-03-10 2006-08-16 同济大学 Production of metal zinc powder from zinc dust and zinc dross
CN101591735A (en) * 2009-06-22 2009-12-02 云南永昌铅锌股份有限公司 The method of zinc metal in ion ore dressing-wet method combined recovery leached mud
CN102295392A (en) * 2011-08-08 2011-12-28 杭州水处理技术研究开发中心有限公司 Method for treating and reusing calcium chloride wastewater
CN102719668A (en) * 2012-07-09 2012-10-10 山东理工大学 Technology for extracting zinc, lead and silver step by step by processing zinc-leached residues by full wet process

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103194619A (en) * 2013-04-23 2013-07-10 吴鋆 Fusion casting method of cathode zinc sheets
CN103627888A (en) * 2013-12-12 2014-03-12 重庆大学 Dechlorination method of chlorine rhodochrosite
CN103739132A (en) * 2014-01-02 2014-04-23 杭州深瑞水务有限公司 High-salinity industrial wastewater reusing treatment process

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Application publication date: 20130320