CN102973273A - Sleep respiratory function monitoring system based on infrared radiation detection - Google Patents
Sleep respiratory function monitoring system based on infrared radiation detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN102973273A CN102973273A CN2012104963131A CN201210496313A CN102973273A CN 102973273 A CN102973273 A CN 102973273A CN 2012104963131 A CN2012104963131 A CN 2012104963131A CN 201210496313 A CN201210496313 A CN 201210496313A CN 102973273 A CN102973273 A CN 102973273A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sleep respiratory function monitoring system based on infrared radiation detection. The sleep respiratory function monitoring system comprises a planar array infrared non-contact sensor, a multichannel A/D (analog to digital) converter, a data collection processing FPGA (field programmable gate array), a data processing analysis DSP (digital signal processor) and a data communication unit. The invention provides the non-contact infrared sleep respiratory function monitoring system for the first time, the discomfort caused by constraint on leading cadres or special crowds (such as burn patients) by the existing contact type monitoring means is changed, and the remote non-contact monitoring is realized. The remote non-contact respiratory rate and respiratory depth monitoring on special patients who are not suitable for wear a sensor is provided for the first time.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of sleep-respiratory function monitoring system based on infrared radiation detection.
Background technology
According to statistics, have people's all one's life spend in sleep, therefore, healthy sleep is healthy most important for the people's time of 1/3.Various sleep disordered breathings such as asphyxia, low ventilation etc. may occur in the sleep.
Sleep apnea syndrome (sleep apnea syndrome, SAS)) is for some reason a kind of and cause upper respiratory tract obstruction, asphyxia is arranged during sleep, with a kind of complicated disease of anoxia, the sound of snoring, the symptom such as daytime is drowsiness.It not only affects people's sleep quality, still cause the inducement of the diseases such as hypertension, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, health hazard to the people is very big, become the key factor that affects contemporary people body health and the mental status, especially in the older cadres crowd of army, suffer from and breathe sleep disorder, the ratio of secondary chronic disease is very large.
The SAS sickness rate is high, hazardness is very big, not only reduce quality of life, but also may cause the multiple generation that has a strong impact on the disease in healthy and life-span, according to reported literature, the whole nation has the patient of snoring symptom to account for greatly about 10% at present, and wherein nearly 3% to 4% people suffers from the sleep disorder of breathing symptom.In breathing sleep disorder, 48%～96% is associated with hypertension among the sleep-apnea patient, and the sickness rate of cerebrovascular exceeds 2-10 doubly than the patient that do not snore among the snoring patient.At present, sleep disordered breathing also has the trend of rejuvenation, and clinically, because operating pressure is large, it is irregular to live, and the patient of age minimum only has 26 years old, the cardiovascular disease such as just existing coronary heart disease.Therefore, prevention, diagnosis and the treatment of sleep apnea syndrome have been subject to paying attention to widely.
The diagnostic criteria of the internationally recognized sleep disease of using at present is to lead the sleep analysis system more, is comprised of main frame, display, amplifier, collecting cassette, EEG/ECG/EOG/EMG sensor, breast abdomen motion sensor, temperature-sensitive pneumatic sensor, blood oxygen transducer, sound of snoring sensor, body position sensor, signal cable, insulating power supply etc.But above sleep monitor system exists: 1. need and the patient body contact type measurement, the patient is not felt well, and the impact sleep, causing with actual Sleep architecture has error; 2. felt the patient and used when obvious sleep disorder pathological change is arranged, can not accomplish early prevention; 3. for part special population (such as patients such as burn, scald, infectious disease), can't use.In order to solve present problem, this project utilizes mainly that the infrared monitoring technology is remote, the veteran cadre's of non-contact monitoring army sleep-respiratory situation, the monitoring sleep apnea syndrome, and according to long-term Monitoring Data veteran cadre's health condition is carried out statistical analysis, disease is carried out early warning, to promoting my veteran cadre of army health care level, has important practical significance.
The present clinical diagnosis instrument of SAS is polysomnogram instrument (Polysomnography, PSG), its using method is at first to record the whole night multi-channal physiological of sleep, then analyze these signal acquisitions patient's the whole night Sleep architecture and sleep-respiratory event, obtain the quantitative Diagnosis index, utilize at last these quantitative Diagnosis indexs to judge the SAS state of an illness.In this process, the acquisition of Sleep architecture and sleep-respiratory event is the key of diagnosis SAS.Yet, the detection of Sleep architecture and sleep-respiratory event is comparatively loaded down with trivial details among the PSG, the record of parameter need to be pasted to the patient and connect nearly tens electrodes and obtain Sleep architectures and generally need to measure simultaneously 5 road signals, i.e. two-way brain electricity, two-way eye movement electricity and one road mentalis signal of telecommunication; Detecting the sleep-respiratory event then needs to measure simultaneously patient's the physiological signals such as mouth and nose air-flow, breast breathing, abdominal respiration and blood oxygen.So the major defect that PSG exists: 1. medical personnel operate very complicated; 2. the needs of patients testing cost of bearing is expensive; 3. contact measurement, patient's physiology, mental workload are larger etc.The consequence that causes is, current in, have 93% male and 82% women to can not get diagnosis among the severe obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome patient.In addition, when using PSG, the patient has generally had the performance on the obvious breathing pathology, and the prevention and health care that is not suitable for the veteran cadre of army uses.
In order to overcome the complicated loaded down with trivial details of PSG, the external people such as Werthammer have developed by Breathiness and have measured breathing rate, detect SAS by frequency-domain analysis, and the people such as Folke have developed and used CO
2Sensor sensing respiration air-flow detects to be breathed, breathing is measured in the variation of people's working pressure sensor measurement breast abdominal paries such as Nepal, the people such as Konica, Tarassenko has studied other three kinds and has surveyed the method for breathing, 1. EDR (electrical impedance pneumography) breathes by the measure of the change of chest electrical impedance; 2. ECG (Elctrocardiogram) measures breathing by signal processing from patient's electrocardiosignal; 3. PPG (photoplethysmgram) is from the SpO of finger
2Obtain breath signal in the signal.The contact type measurements that above method all adopts, sensor will directly contact with patient's human body, and the patient brings physiology, psychological load larger, causes measurement result not necessarily accurate.In order to overcome this shortcoming, the Doppler effect that chest moved when the people such as Greneker breathed has been developed radar type respiration detection method (Radar Vital Signs Monitor, RVSM), the people such as A.G.Yarovoy (2008) of the Sevgi Z. (2007) of U.S. Georgia industrial research institute etc., Holland have analyzed respectively UWB and survey under the normal condition human body echo and breathe spectrum signature.(2009) such as the ennis R.Morgan of U.S. Bell D. Lab are analyzed the Doppler effect of breathing, heart beating caused thoracic cavity fine motion with the independent variable method.But, around this method is subjected to and the moving influence of the organ of human body own larger, environment for use is strict, measures inaccurate.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of sleep-respiratory function monitoring system based on infrared radiation detection for the deficiencies in the prior art.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of sleep-respiratory function monitoring system based on infrared radiation detection comprises the infrared non-contact sensor of planar array, multi-channel a/d converter, data acquisition process FPGA, Data Management Analysis DSP and data communication units; The infrared non-contact sensor of planar array adopts non-refrigeration vanadium oxide (VOx) focal plane arrays (FPA) of 324 * 256 pixels of U.S. FLIR company; The PAL simulation infrared thermal imagery video signal of the infrared non-contact sensor output of planar array passes to multi-channel a/d converter, carries out the analog to digital conversion, forms digital signal to data acquisition process FPGA; Data acquisition process FPGA adopts the 7VX485T of the Virtex-7 series of XILINX company, finishes reading of infrared thermal imagery video signal, accurately also Real-time Collection and the storage of the video signal of infrared thermal imagery focal plane arrays (FPA) output; Data Management Analysis DSP adopts the TMS320F6713 of TI company, calculates the calculating of respiratory frequency and respiratory depth from Infrared video image, and carries out respiratory disorder according to preset value and report to the police.
Described sleep-respiratory function monitoring system based on infrared radiation detection, described Data Management Analysis DSP adopts the TMS320F6713 of TI company, finishes and calculate breathing rate and respiratory depth from Infrared video image, and carry out respiratory disorder according to preset value and report to the police; Concrete grammar is as follows:
A1, face locating:
In order accurately to carry out the location of face, the data that successively data acquisition process FPGA collected are carried out figure image intensifying, boundary segmentation, medium filtering, borderline region on the horizontal and vertical direction of judgement face, the highest according to the temperature in the middle of the eyes, the temperature of nose is minimum, judges the position of nasal respiration and mouth breathing; In order to tackle the movement of head, adopt the method for border inner region entire scan;
A2, respiratory wave extract:
For respiratory wave is extracted, adopt mid frequency f
0Narrow-band pass filter for 4.26um;
A3, respiratory frequency:
The frequency of sampled data got for 30 Frame/seconds, and the analyzing and processing of data adopts the method for multistage fast fourier transform, progressively expanded in time the size that changes sliding window, get respectively N=256, three sections of N=512 and N=1024 pass through power spectral-density analysis, extract respiratory waveform, calculate respiratory frequency;
A4, respiratory depth are calculated:
The estimation of respiratory depth is analyzed according to the method that the space combined with the time, and when deeply breathing, the temperature thermal region increases, and the time increases; Adopt statistical method, according to the temperature threshold zone relatively, calculate respiratory depth.
The present invention proposes the system of non-contacting infrared monitoring sleep respiratory function first, changes existing contact monitoring means leader or special population (such as the fire victim) are fettered cause uncomfortable, realizes remote non-contact monitoring; Propose first the particular patient's that is not suitable for wearable sensors is carried out remote noncontact breathing rate and respiratory depth monitoring.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is system hardware structure figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is f
0=4.26um band filter;
Fig. 3 FFT handling process of the present invention;
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
With reference to figure 1 system principle diagram of the present invention, comprise the infrared non-contact sensor of planar array, multi-channel a/d converter, data acquisition process FP6A, Data Management Analysis DSP and data communication units based on the sleep-respiratory function monitoring system of infrared radiation detection;
The infrared non-contact sensor of planar array is selected non-refrigeration vanadium oxide (VOx) focal plane arrays (FPA) of 324 * 256 pixels of U.S. FLIR company, the temperature difference of detectable 85mK, effectively detect the each point temperature contrast in the focal plane arrays (FPA), in order to realize non-cpntact measurement, realize the effective measurement in 5 meters distance ranges, adopt the 50mm infrared lens, the infrared non-contact sensor of this planar array is during over against human face, can accurately sense the value of face's each point temperature, this infrared focal plane array is the standard P AL molding plan infrared thermal imagery video signal of 8.3Hz in that frame frequency is provided, the difference of each point temperature value represents by the different colours value in the infrared thermal imagery video signal; The PAL simulation infrared thermal imagery video signal of output passes to multi-channel a/d converter, carries out the analog to digital conversion, forms digital signal to data acquisition process FPGA; Data acquisition process FPGA adopts the 7VX485T of the Virtex-7 series of XILINX company, mainly finishes reading of infrared thermal imagery video signal, accurately also Real-time Collection and the storage of the video signal of infrared thermal imagery focal plane arrays (FPA) output; Man-machine control unit is mainly realized by key control; LCD display is used for showing in real time the result of calculation of infra-red heat video image and Data Management Analysis DSP; Data communication units has adopted the communication protocol of TCP/IP that measurement result is passed to other computers at a distance, finishes the transfer of data of network, the network savvy of expanding system; Data Management Analysis DSP adopts the TMS320F6713 of TI company, calculates the calculating of respiratory frequency and respiratory depth from Infrared video image, and carries out respiratory disorder according to preset value and report to the police.
The physiology of respiration process shows by air-breathing, expiration, stops three processes at air-flow, and this patent monitoring is breathed, and mainly detects when exhaling in the physiology of respiration process exhalation CO
2The temperature of air-flow and the temperature contrast of surrounding detect, and exhaling has nose expiration and mouth to exhale two kinds, and how effectively monitoring exhaled air flow is key issue.
In order accurately to detect in the respiratory CO of exhalation
2The temperature of air-flow has adopted the infrared non-contact sensor in plane, selects non-refrigeration vanadium oxide (VOx) focal plane arrays (FPA) of 324 * 256 pixels of U.S. FLIR company to obtain the infrared thermal imagery video signal.
Data acquisition process FPGA adopts the 7VX485T of the Virtex-7 series of XILINX company, mainly finishes reading of infrared thermal imagery video signal, accurately also Real-time Collection and the storage of the video signal of infrared thermal imagery focal plane arrays (FPA) output;
Data Management Analysis DSP adopts the TMS320F6713 of TI company, mainly finishes and calculate breathing rate and respiratory depth from Infrared video image, and carry out respiratory disorder according to preset value and report to the police; Concrete grammar is as follows:
A1, face locating:
In order accurately to carry out the location of face, the data that successively data acquisition process FPGA collected are carried out figure image intensifying, boundary segmentation, medium filtering, borderline region on the horizontal and vertical direction of judgement face, the highest according to the temperature in the middle of the eyes, the temperature of nose is minimum, judges the position of nasal respiration and mouth breathing; In order to tackle the movement of head, adopt the method for border inner region entire scan.
The figure image intensifying: the threshold value of utilizing ddencmp function among the MATLAB automatically to generate Wavelet Denoising Method is selected, and carries out the global image noise reduction with wdencmp again, has kept simultaneously the border, has realized the figure image intensifying.
Boundary segmentation: during image segmentation, need realization to the tracking on border, thereby realize the extraction to the zone.One width of cloth bianry image (boundary image) during the edge following algorithm input is realized the location to the border, thereby is extracted respective regions on the basis that obtains the border.Sampled in this patent Universal efficient, simple thresholding dividing method.
Medium filtering: median filtering method is a kind of nonlinear smoothing technology, and the gray value of each pixel is set to this intermediate value of putting all the pixel gray values in certain neighborhood window. in MATLAB, utilize function medfilt2 to realize.
A2, respiratory wave extract:
Human body respiration is CO
2And O
2Exchange process, when air-breathing, the concentration that sucks CO2 in the air-flow is 0.04%, and exhalation CO
2Concentration be 3.7%, CO
2Be that the medium wavelength infrared signal of 4.26um has stronger Absorption to wavelength, for respiratory wave is extracted, need use mid frequency f
0For the narrow-band pass filter of 4.26um as shown in Figure 2.
A3, respiratory frequency:
The frequency of sampled data got for 30 Frame/seconds, the analyzing and processing of data adopts multistage fast fourier transform (MultistageFast Fourier Transform, FFT) method, such as Fig. 3, progressively expand in time the size that changes sliding window, get respectively N=256, three sections of N=512 and N=1024, by power spectral-density analysis, extract respiratory waveform, calculate respiratory frequency.
A4, respiratory depth are calculated:
The estimation of respiratory depth is analyzed according to the method that the space combined with the time, and when deeply breathing, the temperature thermal region increases, and the time increases.Adopt statistical method, according to the temperature threshold zone relatively, calculate respiratory depth.
In order to help to distinguish better edge and other image detail at night or daytime, adopted advanced digital picture details to strengthen (DDE) video processnig algorithms.
LCD display is selected 320 * 240 color displays; Man-machine control unit adopts the key-press input mode;
Data communication units mainly under DSP control, is finished the transfer of data of network, but the network savvy of expanding system.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or conversion, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the sleep-respiratory function monitoring system based on infrared radiation detection is characterized in that, comprises the infrared non-contact sensor of planar array, multi-channel a/d converter, data acquisition process FPGA, Data Management Analysis DSP and data communication units; The infrared non-contact sensor of planar array adopts non-refrigeration vanadium oxide (VOx) focal plane arrays (FPA) of 324 * 256 pixels of U.S. FLIR company; The PAL simulation infrared thermal imagery video signal of the infrared non-contact sensor output of planar array passes to multi-channel a/d converter, carries out the analog to digital conversion, forms digital signal to data acquisition process FPGA; Data acquisition process FPGA adopts the 7VX485T of the Virtex-7 series of XILINX company, finishes reading of infrared thermal imagery video signal, accurately also Real-time Collection and the storage of the video signal of infrared thermal imagery focal plane arrays (FPA) output; Data Management Analysis DSP adopts the TMS320F6713 of TI company, calculates the calculating of respiratory frequency and respiratory depth from Infrared video image, and carries out respiratory disorder according to preset value and report to the police.
2. the sleep-respiratory function monitoring system based on infrared radiation detection according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Data Management Analysis DSP adopts the TMS320F6713 of TI company, finish and from Infrared video image, calculate breathing rate and respiratory depth, and carry out respiratory disorder according to preset value and report to the police; Concrete grammar is as follows:
A1, face locating:
In order accurately to carry out the location of face, the data that successively data acquisition process FPGA collected are carried out figure image intensifying, boundary segmentation, medium filtering, borderline region on the horizontal and vertical direction of judgement face, the highest according to the temperature in the middle of the eyes, the temperature of nose is minimum, judges the position of nasal respiration and mouth breathing; In order to tackle the movement of head, adopt the method for border inner region entire scan;
A2, respiratory wave extract:
For respiratory wave is extracted, adopting mid frequency f0 is the narrow-band pass filter of 4.26um;
A3, respiratory frequency:
The frequency of sampled data got for 30 Frame/seconds, and the analyzing and processing of data adopts the method for multistage fast fourier transform, progressively expanded in time the size that changes sliding window, get respectively N=256, three sections of N=512 and N=1024 pass through power spectral-density analysis, extract respiratory waveform, calculate respiratory frequency;
A4, respiratory depth are calculated:
The estimation of respiratory depth is analyzed according to the method that the space combined with the time, and when deeply breathing, the temperature thermal region increases, and the time increases; Adopt statistical method, according to the temperature threshold zone relatively, calculate respiratory depth.
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