CN102967512A - Low cycle fatigue life prediction method based on asymmetrical cyclic stress control load - Google Patents

Low cycle fatigue life prediction method based on asymmetrical cyclic stress control load Download PDF

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CN102967512A
CN102967512A CN2012104309975A CN201210430997A CN102967512A CN 102967512 A CN102967512 A CN 102967512A CN 2012104309975 A CN2012104309975 A CN 2012104309975A CN 201210430997 A CN201210430997 A CN 201210430997A CN 102967512 A CN102967512 A CN 102967512A
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fatigue
stress
sigma
fatigue life
asymmetry
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CN102967512B (en
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蔺永诚
陈小敏
刘正华
陈明松
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Central South University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a low cycle fatigue life prediction method for metal material and based on asymmetrical cyclic stress control load. The method comprises the following steps: (1) acquiring a low cycle fatigue life of a metal material through fatigue experiments of asymmetrical cyclic stress control; (2) according to working conditions of the fatigue experiments and fatigue properties of the material, determining a function relationship of fatigue strength coefficient sigma' f, fatigue strength exponent b, and the peak stress and tensile limit of the material; and (3) establishing a prediction model of low cycle fatigue life of the metal material under asymmetric cyclic stress control conditions, and predicting fatigue life of the material. The method provided by the invention can quickly predict the fatigue life of the metal material under asymmetric cyclic stress load conditions, and provides a theoretical reference for the reliable design and evaluation of parts.

Description

Low Cycle Fatigue Life Prediction method based on the asymmetry circulation stress controlled loading
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Low Cycle Fatigue Life Prediction method of metal material under asymmetric stresses pulsating stress service condition.
Background technology
Fatigue failure is one of main failure forms of various material/parts, and the damage of 80% above parts is caused by fatigue break according to statistics.The mechanical property of metal material especially fatigue behaviour enjoys people to pay close attention to, and in recent years, the research of metal material fatigue properties has become focus.Material/parts produce plastic strains accumulation under the pulsating stress controlled loading phenomenon is ratcheting.Although the amount of plastic deformation that material/parts produce in each CYCLIC LOADING may be less, but the carrying out along with circulation, the amount of plastic deformation of accumulation but can not be ignored, it may cause directly that material/parts innerly produces that larger stress is concentrated, cavity and defects i.e.cracks, thereby cause unforeseen fracture failure, seriously reduced the fatigue behaviour of material/parts.Therefore, guarantee reliability, permanance and security in this type component use procedure, must in fatigue design and safety evaluation, consider the ratcheting of material/parts and on the impact of fatigue behaviour, the existence of ratcheting has proposed severe challenge to many Parts reliability designs.
Be the important indicator that material/part reliability designs and assesses of bearing cyclic loading fatigue lifetime, change because the load that most parts bear in actual military service process is asymmetrical period, the fatigue life prediction problem of material/parts is the important problem in the fatigue study always under the asymmetric cyclic loading.Existing document shows, but traditional Basquin model, Cofflin-Mason model and the fatigue lifetime of energy theory model Accurate Prediction material/part under symmetric strained controlled loading condition.The advantages such as wherein, form is simple because the Basquin model has, material constant is few are widely used in the prediction of material fatigue life.The citation form of Basquin model is as follows:
σ a＝σ′ f(2N f) b
Wherein, σ ' fBe fatigue strength coefficient, b is fatigue strength coefficient.This model emphasis has been considered stress amplitude σ aWith N fatigue lifetime fBetween relation, and the Basquin model mainly is applicable to the estimation of fatigue life under the symmetrical cycle loading environment.When material military service during in asymmetric stresses state of cyclic operation condition, because mean stress is very remarkable on the impact of fatigue lifetime, so that there is larger error during the fatigue lifetime of Basquin model prediction material.
For the low-cycle fatigue life of Accurate Prediction material under asymmetric Cyclic Load, some scholars have carried out corresponding correction on the basis of Basquin model, its basic ideas are fatigue strength coefficients of thinking that mean stress exists only to be affected in the Basquin model, and on not impact of fatigue strength exponent.Therefore, by revising the stress amplitude σ in Basquin model left side aPredict the low-cycle fatigue life under the asymmetric Cyclic Load.Yet experimental result shows: under asymmetric ringing, the existence of mean stress not only affects the fatigue strength coefficient in the Basquin model, and can affect its fatigue strength exponent, even more remarkable on the impact of fatigue strength coefficient.This is because material under the asymmetry circulation stress load, can produce ratcheting on the one hand, brings additional damage, the fatigure failure of accelerated material; On the other hand, fatigue damage is constantly accumulated, and fatigue failure is inevitable.If do not take into full account the asymmetrical loading operating mode to the impact of fatigue strength coefficient and fatigue strength exponent, then can cause predicting the outcome and actual conditions between have very large error, and this error has dispersiveness, directly caused the life appraisal result unreliable.In order to assess reliably the low cycle fatigue property of metal material, be necessary to propose a kind of energy fast, the method for convenient, the low-cycle fatigue life of Accurate Prediction metal material under asymmetry circulation stress controlled loading condition.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of predict material non-to the Low Cycle Fatigue Life Prediction method under the pulsating stress controlled loading, having solved at present can not the low-cycle fatigue life estimation problem of Accurate Prediction material under the asymmetry circulation stress effect.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of method of predicting the low-cycle fatigue life of material under asymmetry circulation stress loads, and the step of its method is:
Step 1: at a series of peak stress σ p(σ s≤ σ p＜σ u) and stress ratio R (0.4≤R≤0.4) under, carry out the low-cycle fatigue experiment that asymmetry circulation stress loads, obtain the low-cycle fatigue life of metal material, wherein σ sAnd σ uBe respectively yield limit and the tension limit of material, can obtain by uniaxial tensile test or relevant material property handbook;
Step 2: under constant peak stress condition, the Basquin model both sides shown in the formula (1) are taken the logarithm can get formula (2).
σ a＝σ p(1-R)/2＝σ′ f(2N f) b (1)
ln[(1-R)/2]＝In[σ′ f/σ p]+bln(2N f) (2)
Wherein, σ aBe stress amplitude, σ pBe peak stress, σ ' fBe fatigue strength coefficient, b is fatigue strength exponent, N fLow-cycle fatigue life.According to torture test condition and experimental result, can obtain 1n (2N f) and ln[(1-R)/2] between graph of a relation, experimental data is carried out regretional analysis, obtain the fatigue strength coefficient σ ' under the different loading conditions fWith fatigue strength exponent b value.Determine fatigue strength coefficient σ ' by data fitting method f, fatigue strength exponent b and peak stress, the material tension limit funtcional relationship be:
σ f ′ = σ f 0 ′ + mexp [ - n ( σ p / σ u ) ] b = b 0 exp [ - c ( σ p / σ u ) ] - - - ( 3 )
Wherein, σ ' F0, m and n are material constant, σ ' F0For not considering the fatigue strength limit of mean stress, σ uBe the tension limit of material, m and n are that fatigue strength coefficient is to variable σ p/ σ uSensitivity, b 0Be initial fatigue strength exponent, c reflection material is to σ p/ σ uSensitivity.Wherein, material constant σ ' F0, m and n are based on σ ' f-(σ p/ σ u) relation curve adopts non-linear fitting method to determine material constant b 0Be based on b-σ with c p/ σ uRelation curve adopts non-linear fitting method to determine;
Step 3: with the fatigue strength coefficient σ ' that obtains in the step 2 fBring in the formula (1) with the calculating formula of fatigue strength exponent b, it is as follows to obtain the Low Cycle Fatigue Life Prediction model of metal material under the asymmetry circulation stress loading environment:
σ p ( 1 - R ) / 2 = σ f ′ ( 2 N f ) b σ f ′ = σ f 0 ′ + mexp [ - n ( σ p / σ u ) ] b = b 0 exp [ - c ( σ p / σ u ) ] - - - ( 4 )
Life-span fatigue lifetime under the different loading environments is predicted, and estimated its predicated error size.
The present invention determines fatigue strength coefficient σ ' by the low-cycle fatigue experiment of metal material fWith the calculating formula of fatigue strength exponent b, set up the Low Cycle Fatigue Life Prediction method of metal material under the asymmetry circulation stress loading environment.
Beneficial effect
The present invention adopts above scheme, has the following advantages: this invention has taken into full account asymmetric CYCLIC LOADING duty parameter to fatigue strength coefficient σ ' fWith the impact of fatigue strength exponent b, obtain the Low Cycle Fatigue Life Prediction method of metal material under the asymmetry circulation stress loading environment.Utilize the method can predict rapidly the fatigue lifetime of metal material under the asymmetry circulation stress loading environment, for reliability design and the assessment of parts provides theoretical reference.The method is more convenient on engineering is used, applicable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 ln (2N f) and ln[(1-R)/2] graph of a relation
Fig. 2 σ ' fWith σ p/ σ uGraph of a relation
Fig. 3 b and σ p/ σ uGraph of a relation
The comparison diagram of Fig. 4 experimental result and predicted value
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
The present invention is a kind of low-cycle fatigue life method of metal material under asymmetry circulation stress controlled condition of predicting, the below is take the Low Cycle Fatigue Life Prediction of AZ91 magnesium alloy materials as example, introduce in detail the implementation detail of the life-span prediction method that the present invention relates to, its method comprises:
Step 1: the low-cycle fatigue that (rolling direction sampling) carried out controlling based on asymmetry circulation stress to the AZ91 magnesium alloy materials is tested, and obtains the step of its low-cycle fatigue life;
The CYCLIC LOADING duty parameter comprises peak stress and stress ratio, wherein the scope of peak stress is 124.0MPa～262.6MPa, the scope of stress ratio is-0.4～0.4, choose peak stress 140MPa, 160MPa, 180MPa, 200MPa, 220MPa, stress ratio-0.4 ,-0.2,0,0.2,0.4, the yield limit of material is 124.0MPa, and the tension limit is 262.6MPa.
Step 2: according to the working condition of fatigue experiment and the fatigue behaviour of material, obtain ln (2N f) and ln[(1-R)/2] graph of a relation, determine fatigue strength coefficient σ ' by the method for data fitting f, fatigue strength exponent b and σ p/ σ uThe step of funtcional relationship;
Can obtain ln[(1-R according to experimental data)/2] and In (2N f) between relation, as shown in Figure 1.From figure, can find ln[(1-R)/2] and In (2N f) present good linear relationship.Adopt the method for data fitting, experimental data is carried out regretional analysis, obtain the fatigue strength coefficient σ ' under the different loading conditions fWith fatigue strength exponent b value, as shown in table 1.According to the σ ' in the table 1 fWith the b value, can obtain σ ' fWith (σ p/ σ u), b and σ p/ σ uRelation curve, σ wherein pBe peak stress, σ uBe the material tension limit.Then, adopt non-linear fitting method can obtain σ ' F0, m, n, b 0With the numerical value of 5 material constants such as c, thereby determine σ ' f, b and σ p/ σ uFuntcional relationship be: σ ' f=483.78+7.25exp[6.35 (σ p/ σ u)], b=-0.09638exp[1.60518 (σ p/ σ u)], as shown in Figures 2 and 3.
Fatigue strength coefficient under the different peak stress of table 1 (σ ' f) and fatigue strength exponent (b)
Step 3: based on the Basquin model, set up the forecast model of metal material low-cycle fatigue life under the asymmetry circulation stress controlled condition, and predict the step of its fatigue lifetime;
With the σ ' that obtains f, b and σ p/ σ uFunctional relation bring in the Basquin model, it is as follows to obtain the Low Cycle Fatigue Life Prediction model that loads based on asymmetry circulation stress: Δ σ a = σ p ( 1 - R ) 2 = σ f ′ ( 2 N f ) b σ f ′ = 483.78 + 7.25 exp [ 6.35 ( σ p / σ u ) ] b = - 0.09638 exp [ 1.60518 ( σ p / σ u ) ] . Figure 4 shows that the experimental result and the comparison that predicts the outcome of AZ91 magnesium alloy materials material low-cycle fatigue life under asymmetry circulation stress loads.The result shows that method of the present invention can predict the low-cycle fatigue life of AZ91 magnesium alloy materials under asymmetry circulation stress controlled loading condition exactly.The above is described example of the present invention by reference to the accompanying drawings; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned concrete embodiment, and above-mentioned embodiment only is exemplary, is not circumscribed; any innovation and creation that are no more than claim of the present invention are all within protection of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. metal material Low Cycle Fatigue Life Prediction method based on the asymmetry circulation stress controlled loading is characterized in that predicting rapidly the fatigue lifetime of metal material under the asymmetry circulation stress loading environment, and the step of the method comprises:
Step 1: at a series of peak stress σ pUnder the condition of stress ratio R, carry out the low-cycle fatigue experiment that asymmetry circulation stress loads, obtain the material low-cycle fatigue life;
Step 2: according to the working condition of fatigue experiment and the low-cycle fatigue life N of material f, obtain 1n (2N f) and 1n[(1-R)/2] graph of a relation, and determine fatigue strength coefficient σ ' by the method for nonlinear data fitting f, fatigue strength exponent b and σ p/ σ uFuntcional relationship be: σ ' f=σ ' F0+ m exp[-n (σ p/ σ u)], b=b 0Exp[-c (σ p/ σ u)], σ wherein pBe peak stress, σ uBe the material tension limit, σ ' fBe respectively fatigue strength coefficient and the fatigue strength exponent of material, σ ' with b F0, m and n are material constant, σ ' F0For not considering the fatigue limit of mean stress, m and n are that material is to σ p/ σ uSensitivity, b 0With c be material constant, b 0Be initial fatigue strength exponent, c is that material is to σ p/ σ uSensitivity;
Step 3: based on the Basquin model, set up the forecast model of metal material low-cycle fatigue life under the asymmetry circulation stress controlled condition, and predict its fatigue lifetime, the forecast model of metal material low-cycle fatigue life is under the described asymmetry circulation stress controlled condition: σ p ( 1 - R ) / 2 = σ f ′ ( 2 N f ) b σ f ′ = σ f 0 ′ + mexp [ - n ( σ p / σ u ) ] b = b 0 exp [ - c ( σ p / σ u ) ] .
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: the fatigue experiment duty parameter described in the step 1 comprises peak stress σ pWith stress ratio R, peak stress σ pScope be σ s～σ u, σ wherein sAnd σ uBe respectively yield limit and the tension limit of material, can obtain by uniaxial tensile test or relevant material property handbook, the scope of stress ratio R is-0.4～0.4.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: the fatigue experiment loading environment described in the step 1 is asymmetry circulation stress control.
4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt the method for data fitting in the step 2, experimental data is carried out regretional analysis, obtain the fatigue strength coefficient σ ' under the different loading conditions fWith fatigue strength exponent b value.
5. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: the material constant σ ' described in the step 2 F0, m and n are based on σ ' f-(σ p/ σ u) relation curve adopts non-linear fitting method to determine.
6. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: the material constant b described in the step 2 0Be based on b-σ with c p/ σ uRelation curve adopts non-linear fitting method to determine.
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CN103344514A (en) * 2013-07-05 2013-10-09 北京航空航天大学 High-cycle fatigue and low-intensity impact coupled damage calculation method based on nominal stress method
CN104820781A (en) * 2015-05-06 2015-08-05 北京航空航天大学 Prediction method of thermal fatigue life of BGA (Ball Grid Array) welding spot considering influence of sequential temperature cycling load loading
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CN106872299A (en) * 2017-02-06 2017-06-20 太原理工大学 A kind of method for predicting magnesium alloy component fatigue limit
CN107290216A (en) * 2017-06-28 2017-10-24 南京理工大学 A kind of Forecasting Methodology of 316L stainless steels ratcheting
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