CN102953305A - Multilevel-control-network GPS (global positioning system) optimization measurement method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering control network measurement, and in particular relates to a multilevel-control-network GPS (global positioning system) optimization measurement method, which aims to solve the problems of low time and work efficiency, high cost, waste of time and the like in multilevel control network measurement. The multilevel-control-network GPS optimization measurement method is characterized in that the first level of control network in a measurement region is divided into a plurality of basic regions; no less than 3N+1 GPS receivers are configured, wherein N refers to the level number of control networks, and a measurement mode of 'two ends firstly, and middle last' is formed according to a principle of 'measurement data utilization maximization'. The multilevel-control-network GPS optimization measurement method provided by the invention has the advantages that the utilization ratio of high-level control network GPS observation data is improved, the workload of low-level control network GPS observation is reduced, and 'multi-network multiplexing with measurement once' is implemented, so that the working efficiency is improved greatly, and time and cost are saved.

Description

Multistage Control net GPS optimum organization mensuration

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field that engineering control network is measured, be specifically related to a kind of Multistage Control net GPS optimum organization mensuration, be particularly suitable in the banded horizontal control network measurement such as high-speed railway, Line for Passenger Transportation, newly built railway, speedway.

Background technology

For the control net of engineering construction service according to " broken section after from integral body to local, first control " principle " classification is laid, step by step control ".

In expressway works, horizontal control network is divided into one-level, secondary, three grades, level Four totally 4 grades, 4 grades all can adopt GPS to measure, wherein should adopt the I and II accuracy class to the control net of large bridge and construction of tunnel, three grades of chopped-off head control nets that can be used as the speedway route, level Four control net can be used as the construction control network of speedway.

In high-speed railway, Line for Passenger Transportation, newly-built common railway engineering, horizontal control network is divided into CP0 frame net, CPI Basic Control Networks, CPII circuit control net, 4 grades of CPIII rail control network (controlling net hereinafter to be referred as CP0, CPI, CPII, CPIII), wherein CP0, CPI, CPII control net all adopt GPS to measure, and CPIII adopts total powerstation with " Free Station, corner intersection " mode networking.

The encryption control net of constructing refers to as making things convenient for engineering construction setting-out demand, on the basis of the control nets at different levels of having laid, adopts the mode of " peer expands or develops to subordinate " to set up.

The present invention encrypts the surveying work of control net mainly for these type of control nets at different levels for the engineering construction service, construction.

Horizontal control network adopts GPS static observation pattern to measure, at least adopt 3 above GPS receivers to observe (being generally 4), the image data of starting shooting simultaneously forms a simultaneous observation period, calculate a synchronous baseline between per 2, many synchronous baseline forms synchronous ring, normal limit bind mode expansion network forming (being called for short Bian Lianshi), the final banded net that is formed by triangle or geodetic quadrangle that forms of adopting between synchronous ring.

Measurement explicitly calls for to different brackets control net GPS for national standard, industry standard, mainly comprise: moonscope is by elevation angle, observe effective satellite number, segment length, data sampling rate, receiver type, GDOP value when effectively observing simultaneously, and hop count during observation, repeats to establish the index such as station rate.

Measure tissue in the past and measure according to the classification from senior to rudimentary of control network level, the senior net of translocation control point again when rudimentary net is measured, with as rudimentary net start at benchmark and constraint adjustment condition, to satisfy the purpose of " step by step control ".That is to say " what control net classification has will survey several times when measuring, and senior net control point at every turn all will be by rudimentary net translocation, and the higher grade number of times that is repeated to measure is more ", this organizational form has caused that work efficiency is low, cost is large.

Summary of the invention

Low, the problems such as cost is high, time waste of work efficiency when the present invention measures in order to solve the Multistage Control net, provide a kind of brand-new, meet the Multistage Control net GPS optimum organization mensuration of GPS measuring principle and code requirement efficiently, fully.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize,

A kind of Multistage Control net GPS optimum organization mensuration, chopped-off head that Multistage Control net middle grade is the highest control net consecutive points or consecutive points between be called the fundamental region, concrete steps are:

1), will survey that chopped-off head control net is divided into some fundamental regions in the district, add up numbers of control points at different levels in each fundamental region, graphical pointv position distribution map;

2), the GPS receiver is by being not less than 3N+1 platform configuration, N is control network level number;

3), the some position of simultaneous observation is determined according to principle and the some position distribution pattern of " control nets at different levels all satisfy the limit and connect expansion condition ";

4), form the measurement pattern of " first two ends, rear centre " according to " survey data utilization maximization " principle;

5), in good time translocation when lowermost level control net has unit control point to be capped measurement;

6) after finishing, successively all fundamental region data collection tasks, process according to control network level screening desired data.

The present invention has following advantage: adopt many GPS Multistage Control nets to observe simultaneously, by optimizing observation order and the combination of Multistage Control stake, improved high-grade control net GPS observation data utilization rate, reduced low one-level control net GPS observation workload, accomplished " one-shot measurement, net multiplexing " more, greatly increased work efficiency, saved time and cost.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 fundamental region schematic diagram

The first period of Fig. 2 Multistage Control net GPS optimum organization mensuration

The second period of Fig. 3 Multistage Control net GPS optimum organization mensuration

The 3rd period of Fig. 4 Multistage Control net GPS optimum organization mensuration

The simple radical line of Fig. 5 Multistage Control net GPS optimum organization mensuration

The final net form that forms of Fig. 6 high-speed railway CPI control net

The final net form that forms of Fig. 7 high-speed railway CPII control net

The final net form that forms of Fig. 8 high-speed railway construction densification network

Among the figure: the 1-CPI control point, the 2-CPII control point, the control point is encrypted in the 3-construction, and 4-repeats the limit, 5-fundamental region I, 6-fundamental region II, 7-fundamental region III;

Among Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, (2) 2 periods of expression, unreceipted person is 1 period.

The specific embodiment

Multistage Control net GPS optimum organization mensuration, chopped-off head that Multistage Control net middle grade is the highest control net consecutive points or consecutive points between be called the fundamental region, make up by Measuring Time, sequential scheduling to each grade control point in the fundamental region and adjust the purpose that reaches optimization.

The specific implementation step is:

1), will survey that chopped-off head control net is divided into some fundamental regions in the district, add up numbers of control points at different levels in each fundamental region, graphical pointv position distribution map;

2), the GPS receiver is by being not less than 3N+1 platform configuration, N is control network level number; Generally 1/2 configuration by maximum numbers of control points in the fundamental region just can obtain good effect;

3), the some position of simultaneous observation is determined according to principle and the some position distribution pattern of " control nets at different levels can both satisfy the limit and connect expansion condition ";

4), the control point in the fundamental region generally needs repeatedly simultaneous observation just can finish by limit bind mode expansion network forming, formed the measurement pattern at " first two ends; in the middle of rear " according to " survey data utilization maximization " principle, general 3 observations can cover all control points;

5), in good time translocation when lowermost level control net has fragmentary control point not cover;

6) after finishing, successively all fundamental region data collection tasks, process according to control network level screening desired data.

Embodiment: take high-speed railway control net as example, stipulate according to " High Speed Rail Projects specifications of surveys " (TB 10601-2009), the high-speed railway precise control net is divided into CP0, CPI, CPII, CPIII totally 4 grades, and wherein: the every 50km of CP0 control stake arranges 1; The every 4km of CPI control stake arranges 1 pair, can establish 1 when CPII adopts the GPS metering system; Per 600-the 800m of CPII control stake arranges 1.

Can set up construction and encrypt the control net on the basis of CPII control net, dot spacing arranges 1 between 200-300m.

High-speed railway precise control net other hierarchic network except CP0 is encrypted the control net with construction and is all belonged to engineering control network category (as shown in Figure 1), and CPI, CPII, construction encryption are controlled net and all can be used GPS to measure.

If CPI control net with point when laying, then adjacent 2 points between consist of the fundamental region, count 4, length 4km, point is to consisting of the Bian Lianshi condition; If when adopting single-point to lay mode, then adjacent 2 points form the fundamental region, length 4km, and adjacent 3 points consist of the Bian Lianshi condition;

By this reckoning, CPI count 6-7, construction of 2-4, CPII that count encrypts network point and counts 6-8 in the fundamental region, always counts about 14-19.

8 of 4 of CPI points, 7 of CPII points, pass point are arranged as example in the fundamental region, measuring method is described below.

1), adopt 4 GPS receivers to measure with conventional method, then CPI will observe 2 periods totally 4 points, CPII will observe 5 periods totally 11 points, pass point will be observed 9 periods totally 19 points, observe altogether 16 periods, during net cycle time=(time hop count * time segment length) * instrument quantity=(2 * 1.5+5 * 1.0+9 * 1.0) * 4=68 platform;

2), for CPI, CPII, pass point Three Estate, the GPS receiver of configuration 3 * 3+1=10, the GPS receiver is measured with the Optimum Synthesis method, according to " behind the first two ends in the middle of " namely the measurement pattern of " first senior rear rudimentary " observe, the 1st period was positioned at fundamental region one end, 4 of observation CPI points, 3 of CPII points, 3 of pass points; The 2nd period was positioned at the fundamental region other end, 4 of observation CPI points, 3 of CPII points, 3 of pass points; The 3rd period was positioned in the middle of the fundamental region, 0 of observation CPI point, 5 of CPII points, 3 of pass points; Observe altogether 3 periods, during net cycle time=(time hop count * time segment length) * instrument quantity=(2 * 1.5+1 * 1.0) * 10=40 platform;

4), the optimum organization mensuration compares with Traditional Method, when net cycle time reduced to 40 during by original 68, when saving 28, operating efficiency improved 41%.

Adopt the optimum organization mensuration to obtain simple radical line (as shown in Figure 5), obtain respectively the network forming baseline (seeing Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8) that the control net is encrypted in CPI, CPII, construction by screening, then carry out compensating computation by code requirement.

The present invention meets the GPS measuring principle fully, satisfies code requirement, from implementing thinking and mode innovation is arranged, and has improved operating efficiency as the breach, has reduced cost effectively to utilize high-grade control net observation data.

Claims (1)

1. Multistage Control net GPS optimum organization mensuration, the chopped-off head control net consecutive points that Multistage Control net middle grade is the highest or consecutive points between be called the fundamental region, concrete steps are:

1), will survey that chopped-off head control net is divided into some fundamental regions in the district, add up numbers of control points at different levels in each fundamental region, graphical pointv position distribution map;

2), the GPS receiver is by being not less than 3N+1 platform configuration, N is control network level number;

3), the some position of simultaneous observation is determined according to principle and the some position distribution pattern of " control nets at different levels all satisfy the limit and connect expansion condition ";

4), form the measurement pattern of " first two ends, rear centre " according to " survey data utilization maximization " principle;

5), in good time translocation when lowermost level control net has unit control point to be capped measurement;

6) after finishing, successively all fundamental region data collection tasks, process according to control network level screening desired data.

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