CN102949758A

CN102949758A - Tubular axle type centrifugal blood pump

Info

Publication number: CN102949758A
Application number: CN201210457812XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨爱民; 李汝泓; 辛国华; 李艳
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-11-15
Filing date: 2012-11-15
Publication date: 2013-03-06

Abstract

At present, a blood pump which is frequently used is a rolling blood pump, the blood pump which is used less is a centrifugal blood pump, and the two blood pumps both have destructive effects on blood to different extents. The invention discloses a tubular axle type centrifugal blood pump; a power component for driving the blood for the tubular axle type centrifugal blood pump is a rotatable T-shaped tubular axle; and the tubular axle is also a passage through which liquid enters a pump case. The blood enters the tubular axle from a straight tube part of the tubular axle, and is subjected to the action of centrifugal force generated when the tubular axle rotates at a side tube part of the tubular axle to be discharged and conveyed into the pump case, so that a pressure in the pump case is continuously increased, and the blood enters an arterial pipeline through a pump outlet under the pressure. The side tube part of the tubular axle rotates in gas; a backflow-preventing buffering part is arranged at a side tube outlet part of the tubular axle; compared with a conventional blood pump, the blood pump has no grinding and agitating actions on the blood; the blood is destroyed slightly; a backflow problem does not exist; the operation is simple and convenient, and furthermore, is safe; and the tubular axle type centrifugal blood pump can be used for driving the blood for a long time.

Description

The tubular shaft type centrifugal blood pump

Technical field

The present invention is a kind of medical centrifugal blood pump, is mainly used to the blood drive of extracorporeal circulation, assist circulation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Background technology

The employed blood pump of cardiac operation under direct vision extracorporeal circulation mainly contains two types both at home and abroad at present, and a kind of is roller pump, by the extruding driving blood flow of roller bearing to pump line.Another kind is centrifugal blood pump, and impeller or turbine by rotation make blood flow to the direct effect of blood.Two kinds of blood pumps have destruction to the visible component of blood, and roller pump to the destruction of blood more so, and generally after running 1 to 2 hours, patient can in various degree hemoglobinuria occur because of erythrocytic breaking.The present invention adopts tubular axis as the power part of blood drive, has avoided existing blood pump to the rolling and stirring action of blood, and blood constituent is better protected.

Summary of the invention

The present invention's blood pump mainly partly is comprised of tubular axis, tubular axis side pipe, anti-return buffer portion, motor, pump case, pump cover, bearing, sealing, blood storage chamber etc.This blood pump adopts centrifugal principle, but its parts to the liquid acting are not impellers, but but the pipeline of one section high speed rotating can be referred to as tubular axis.This tubular axis can be regarded as by being formed as the straight tube of rotating shaft and side pipe two parts that radially extend to away from the axle center of interlinking with it, and these two parts can be that one is cast, or is formed by connecting for split.This tubular axis is fixed in the airtight pump case of a vertical cylindrical shape, the central upper portion place of position in this pump case, make the part of tubular axis straight tube pass sealing and bearing is opened in the pump blood storage chamber outward, sealing separates in blood storage chamber and the pump case, blood enters blood storage chamber from the blood storage chamber entrance, and enters tubular axis and tubular axis side pipe through tubular axis at the opening of blood storage chamber.When tubular axis was rotated by motor-driven, the tubular axis side pipe namely moved in a circle around straight tube, and the liquid in it is also thereupon moving in a circle and being subject to the effect of centrifugal force and being thrown and be thrown in the outer pump case of side pipe opening.The vacuum suction that liquid in tubular axis and the blood storage chamber will produce because of the discharge of liquid in the tubular axis side pipe enters side pipe, and repeat above-mentioned loading process and constantly enter in the pump case, the pump internal pressure is constantly increased, final liquid is finished the conveying of blood in the outlet of pump bottom is discharged to Arterial system outside the pump case.The size of pump internal pressure becomes positive correlation with the length of tubular axis side pipe and the rotating speed of pump.Blood pump is designed to vertical, and be the top that is positioned at pump case with tubular axis side pipe partial design, purpose is that the side pipe of tubular axis is rotated in the gas of top, liquid plane in the pump case all the time, thereby the tubular axis side pipe of avoiding rotating is to entering the stirring destruction of the blood in the pump case, the efficient of pump is obviously improved, be conducive to energy-conservation.For axial symmetry, the side pipe of tubular axis can be two, three or many, makes it become axisymmetric to the radially extension away from the axle center at same plane.There are two critical problems in the present invention.1. blood is when the tubular axis side pipe of blood pump high speed rotating is discharged, and blood flow rate is very high, if be directly injected on the pump housing endophragm, then can cause the heavy damage of blood under high-speed impact.2. identical with other centrifugal pump, tubular shaft type centrifugal pump also exists open problem, and namely in outage or other faults when causing unexpected termination of pumping, blood can flow backwards, and the body inner blood is flowed back in the pump case in a large number.Moreover, because liquid level top in the tubular shaft type centrifugal pump pump case is gas, when blood reflux, namely gas can be pressed in the tubular axis.After the tubular axis air inlet, when reopening blood pump again, just do not have blood and discharge, need after again with liquid tubular axis being full of, to restart, blood pump could normal dispatch blood.Long circulation dwell time like this, the final result that may cause patients ' lives to retrieve.In order to solve this two difficulties, the present invention has carried out the design of anti-return buffer portion with tubular axis side pipe end outlet place.At first with tubular axis side pipe end outlet partial design camber, the curvature of its curvature and the simple wall of pump case circle is close, and the side pipe outlet is become gradually flat and done gradually fan-shaped trailing by circle, parallelly along tubular axis side pipe curvature to pump housing endophragm presses close to.The anti-return buffer portion of tubular axis side pipe was not run into pump housing endophragm and is as the criterion when the distance of pressing close to was rotated with tubular axis, purpose is that blood is flow on the pump housing endophragm with the shortest distance after buffering, alleviate to greatest extent or eliminate effect of impact, thereby eliminate the Blood damage at this position.For the problem of backflowing, the present invention is hard material with the partial design of the terminal fanning of tubular axis for its duct wall towards pump case, and have suitable elastic material towards the duct wall employing of pump heart direction, make it when tubular axis is static, to be close on the offside hard tube wall, but strutted when in tube chamber, certain pressure being arranged, so just formed a simple unidirectional valve.When tubular axis stopped operating, two walls were fitted naturally, in the situation that pressure is arranged in the pump case, two walls are fitted tightr, and gas-liquid can not be backflowed.And when tubular axis rotated, the liquid in the tubular axis can strut two walls of fitting under centrifugal action and flow in the pump case.Compare with existing centrifugal pump, the present invention's blood pump adopts rotatable tubular axis as power part, the side pipe of tubular axis rotates in the gas of top, liquid plane in the pump, it without stirring and rolling effect, does not make blood produce eddy current to blood, or turbulent flow, can not produce flow slippage and reverse vortex yet, the efficient of pump is high, need not too high rotating speed and can reach required flow, to blood without heat effect.Therefore, this blood pump has reduced the destruction to blood to greatest extent, simultaneously because the particular design of this blood pump, even contain bubble in the liquid that the tubular axis side pipe is discharged, bubble also can break in the process that blood flows downward along pump housing endophragm, and spill in the gas of top, liquid plane, so this blood pump has the effect that prevents aeroembolism.In addition, the particular design of this blood pump tubular axis side pipe end, the shortcoming of blood reflux when having avoided existing centrifugal pump termination of pumping is more prone to and safety operation.This blood pump also has other advantages of existing centrifugal pump simultaneously.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1, embodiment 1 structural representation

Fig. 2, embodiment 2 structural representations

1 pump case among the figure, 2 pump covers, 3 tubular axis, 4 bearings, 5 sealings, 6 motors, 7 blood storage chambers, 8 anti-return buffer portions, 9 pump intakes, 10 pump discharges, 11 air vents, 12 tubular axis side pipes.

The specific embodiment

Two kinds of embodiments are arranged, be respectively motor placed in the pump case such as Fig. 1 with motor and place pump case outer such as Fig. 2

Embodiment 1 is for to place motor in the pump case, pump is designed to vertical, blood storage chamber (7) is positioned at the central authorities of pump case (1), bearing (4) and sealing (5) that the straight-tube portion of tubular axis (3) passes the fluid reservoir top are opened in the blood storage chamber, for liquid enters passage in the pump, sealing will be separated in blood storage chamber and the pump case.The central authorities that motor (6) is fixed in pump cover (2), motor shaft is coaxial with the straight tube of tubular axis and be connected with tubular axis, after liquid enters fluid reservoir and the interior filling liquid of tubular axis from pump intake (9), open motor, the rotation of motor-driven tubular axis, the side pipe of tubular axis (12) namely moves in a circle, and the effect that the liquid in the side pipe is subject to centrifugal force namely flows in the pump case from the anti-return buffer portion (8) of side pipe end.Along with the running of pump, the liquid in the blood storage chamber will constantly be drawn in the pump, and the pump internal pressure is constantly increased, and finally enters the tremulous pulse pipeline through pump discharge (10).Enter the interior liquid of pump accumulates in pump because of gravity bottom, the side pipe of tubular axis rotates in the gas of liquid top.The top of blood storage chamber is provided with the liquid preliminary filling before air vent (11) is used for pump startup.

Embodiment 2 difference from Example 1 are that motor is not to be positioned at pump case, but be positioned at outside the pump case, be fixed on the central authorities on the pump cover, the center that motor shaft passes pump cover is connected with tubular axis, in order to prevent gas leakage, also on pump cover, other structures are identical with embodiment 1 with motor seal for need one seal closure.

Claims

1. the present invention's tubular shaft type centrifugal blood pump mainly partly is comprised of pump case (1), pump cover (2), tubular axis (3) and tubular axis side pipe (12), bearing (4), sealing (5), motor (6), blood storage chamber (7), anti-return buffer portion (8), blood storage chamber entrance (9), pump discharge (10) etc., the power part that it is characterized in that this blood pump drives liquid flow is not impeller, but but the tubular axis of above-mentioned high speed rotating.

2. tubular shaft type centrifugal blood pump according to claim 1 is further characterized in that liquid is to enter tubular axis and be subject to the effect of centrifugal force and constantly be displaced in the pump case in the tubular axis side pipe through the opening of tubular axis in blood storage chamber.

3. tubular shaft type centrifugal blood pump according to claim 1, the side pipe that is further characterized in that described tubular axis partly are to rotate in the gas of liquid top.

4. tubular shaft type centrifugal blood pump according to claim 1, the side pipe that is further characterized in that described tubular axis can be one, two or more pieces, but must distribute axisymmetricly in same plane.

5. tubular shaft type centrifugal blood pump according to claim 1 is further characterized in that every side pipe end outlet place of described tubular axis all is designed with the anti-return buffer portion.