CN102946260A - Automatic meter reading system and communication link quality detecting method thereof - Google Patents
Automatic meter reading system and communication link quality detecting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic meter reading system and a communication link quality detecting method thereof. By utilizing the system, a new network layer interface architecture between a power line carrier module and a terminal is provided and through the architecture, an IPV6 (Internet Protocol Version 6) network can be directly accessed. The detecting method comprises a master-slave mode and a slave-master mode. In the master-slave mode, test data packets are sent from a master module, while a slave module at the opposite end receives the test data packets, records the test result and sends the result data to a concentrator; and in the slave-master mode, test data packets are sent from the slave module, while the master module receives the test data packets, records the test result and sends the result to the concentrator. According to the invention, the concentrator drives the master module and the slave module to be in the related link test mode by the control primitive, therefore the on-line detection of the link quality of each node of the master module and the slave module under the control of ICMP (Internet Control Messages Protocol) is realized, and an effective guarantee is supplied for the on-line network quality of an AMI (Advanced Metering Infrastructure) system of a smart power grid.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Automatic meter reading system and communication link quality detection method thereof.
Background technology
Present power line carrier communication mainly contains arrowband single carrier communication mechanism, utilizes spread spectrum to improve the anti-interference and anti-interception capability of communication, for example PSK and S-FSK power line communication mechanism.IEC61334 has worked out S-FSK electric power carrier communication technology standard.Standard code: S-FSK adds up BER in physical layer, utilizes byte lead code of transmission, and a byte frame delimiter is added the data block of 38 bytes and carried out.In the situation that frame alignment error does not occur in supposition, BER calculates according to the error code in a data block.In addition, State Grid Corporation of China's company standard " Q/GDW 376.2-2009 concentrator local communication module interface agreement " has been stipulated the communication protocol of concentrator and carrier module.This standard is not worked out the online quality test interface of network node, not about in this respect expansion, so can't realize arrowband power line communication link online quality control in the national grid carrier communication system yet.
Summary of the invention
The Automatic meter reading system and the communication link quality detection method thereof that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of on-line implement.
This Automatic meter reading system provided by the invention, comprise electric energy meter, concentrator, carrier communication module and power line network, described carrier communication module comprises DSP module and carrier modulation module, the DSP module is used for making up network layer, and the carrier modulation module is used for signal transmission is modulated into the signal that is adapted to the power line propagation; Concentrator is by the DSP module communication of serial ports and concentrator side, and this DSP module is the carrier modulation module communication by serial ports and concentrator side again; The carrier modulation module of concentrator side is by the carrier modulation module communication of power line network and electric energy meter side; The carrier modulation module of electric energy meter side is by the DSP module communication of serial ports and electric energy meter side, and this DSP module is communicated by letter with electric energy meter by serial ports.
Carrier communication module in the concentrator side is primary module, is from module in the carrier communication module of electric energy meter side.
The communication link quality detection method of this Automatic meter reading system comprises master slave mode and from holotype; This detection method comprises the steps:
Step 1, the framework of network layer: network layer comprises UDP package module, IPv6 package module, ICMP package module and the online detection module of communication link, the UDP package module is packaged into the UDP message with terminal applies layer data message APDU, the ICMP encapsulation is used for link communication is detected the data message form that Information encapsulation becomes to be adapted to network layer and the transmission of route interlayer, and the IPv6 package module is packaged into the UDP message IPv6 message that is applicable in the transmission of IPv6 network layer; The online detection module of communication link is used for primary module and from reception and the transmission of the control command of the communication link quality of each node of module;
Step 2, master slave mode, concentrator is sent out control command to the primary module network layer, opens the online measuring ability of master slave mode communication link;
Step 3, primary module network layer are sent the test and management order to specifying from the module network layer, require to enter test pattern and prepare to receive test data from module;
Step 4, receive the test and management order of primary module network layer from the module network layer after, open test pattern, this test session of initialization, and send to primary module and to confirm receipt;
After step 5, primary module are received the confirmation of receipt of returning from module, enter and send the test data flow process, the circulation of primary module network layer sends the fixing test data to from module;
Step 6, from module at physical layer and MAC layer statistical channel quality information, and these information are sent to from the module network layer, from the report of average each frame of module network layer sorting-out in statistics and gather, after finishing, test from the module network layer this test results administration order is reported concentrator;
Step 7, from holotype, concentrator is sent out control command to the primary module network layer, opens from the online measuring ability of holotype communication link;
Step 9, receive the test and management order of primary module network layer from the module network layer after, open test pattern, and reply response message;
Step 10, primary module are received behind the response message of module, the initialization test session, and prepare to receive test data;
Step 11 sends the fixing test data to primary module from the circulation of module network layer;
Step 12, primary module be at physical layer and MAC layer statistical channel quality information, and be sent to the primary module network layer; The report of average each frame of primary module network layer sorting-out in statistics also gathers;
Step 13, after test was finished, the primary module network layer reported concentrator with test result.
Described ICMP encapsulation is used for the encapsulation that link-quality detects data, uses when the link-quality testing; The UDP encapsulation is used for the encapsulation of meter reading data, uses when automatic data logging; Under the test pattern that link-quality detects, the work of ICMP package module, the UDP package module is not worked; Close this test pattern, the work of UDP package module, electric energy meter need not repeated registration, just can realize automatic data logging.Described link communication detection information comprises from link quality data, concentrator sense command and the primary module of module and each node of primary module with from module link communication check result.Described channel quality information comprises signal to noise ratio, the error rate, Packet Error Rate and link-quality indication.
The present invention proposes network layer interface framework between a kind of new power line carrier module and the terminal, can directly access the IPv6 network by this framework.In addition, under the test pattern that link-quality detects, network layer of the present invention is used the ICMP agreement and is consisted of the test data message, can distinguish meter reading data and transmit employed UDP message, and the ICMP protocol massages only reaches from module and controls, can not arrive electric energy meter, therefore, the present invention can not cause the mistake copy reading of electric energy meter in the detection that realizes online network quality.Simultaneously, concentrator makes primary module and enters the associative mode of link test from module by control primitive among the present invention, realized the lower primary module of ICMP agreement control and detected online from the link-quality of each node of module, for the online network quality of intelligent grid AMI system provides effective guarantee.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the correspondence figure of electric energy meter in concentrator and the arbitrary net among the present invention.
Fig. 2 is network layer structure figure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is icmp packet form of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is IPv6 frame format of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is master slave mode link detecting schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is that the present invention is from holotype link detecting schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Intelligent metering architectural framework (AMI) requires data and information bidirectional intercommunication between concentrator and the electric energy meter, and this just requires at a high speed the reliably communication technology.PLC technology does not need extra infrastructure construction, so obtain huge propelling because circuit is widely distributed.In order to reduce AMI system for field operation maintenance amount, real-time online detects communication link quality, and meeting the market requirement increases one deck network layer interface between terminal applies layer and power carrier module, propose a kind of new IPv6 framework, realize that the AMI communication link quality detects.The present invention can realize that in network layer the network quality of system detects the collection of data and reports, and comprises signal to noise ratio (snr), link-quality indication (LQI), the error rate (BER) and packet loss (PER) etc.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes electric energy meter, concentrator, carrier communication module and power line network.Carrier communication module comprises DSP module and carrier modulation module, and the DSP module is used for making up network layer, and the carrier modulation module is used for signal transmission is modulated into the signal that is adapted to the power line propagation.The concentrator application layer is by the network layer communication of serial port protocol and concentrator side, and this network layer is the carrier modulation module communication by serial port protocol and concentrator side again; The carrier modulation module of concentrator side is by the carrier modulation module communication of power line network and electric energy meter side; The carrier modulation module of electric energy meter side is by the network layer communication of serial port protocol and electric energy meter side, and this network layer is communicated by letter with electric energy meter by serial port protocol.
Carrier communication module in the concentrator side is primary module, is from module in the carrier communication module of electric energy meter side.
Communication network of the present invention comprises terminal applies layer, network layer and carrier modulation module.Wherein, terminal comprises electric energy meter and concentrator, and the carrier modulation module is the arrowband power line modem.Concentrator and electric energy meter are by serial port protocol and network layer communication; Network layer is to link up the intermediate layer of terminal and carrier module, and the carrier modulation module is used for the operating carrier protocol stack.Under the test pattern that communication link quality detects, electric energy meter does not participate in the mutual of data.The communication link quality measuring ability issues primitive to network layer by concentrator and opens in the Automatic meter reading system, is divided into principal and subordinate's direction and detects and detect from principal direction; These control primitive enter the test session state by network layer control carrier modulation module, are divided into principal and subordinate's test pattern and from main test pattern.During test, use ICMP test packet data, distinguishing the UDP message of normal meter reading data, and in quantity and the length of network layer control message.
As shown in Figure 2, network layer is as the intermediate layer between carrier modulation module and the terminal applies layer, play the function of linking up terminal applies layer and the dialogue of carrier modulation module, and under the control of concentrator, make the carrier modulation module enter communication link online quality control pattern, thereby realize Automatic meter reading system communication link quality measuring ability.
Network layer comprises the UDP package module, IPv6 package module, the online detection module of ICMP package module and communication link.Wherein the purpose of IPv6 encapsulation is that terminal applies layer frame is packaged into the frame format that the carrier modulation module can directly access the IPv6 network.The UDP encapsulation is packaged into the UDP message with terminal applies layer data message APDU, and this message is used for the transmission of normal meter reading data between terminal and the module.As shown in Figure 3, ICMP encapsulation is used for detecting from the link-quality of module and primary module node, the issuing and primary module and reporting from the module testing result of concentrator sense command.As shown in Figure 4, IPv6 encapsulation is that UDP message or icmp packet are packaged into can be at the IPv6 message of IPv6 network layer transmission.The purpose of this layer encapsulation is that terminal can access the Internet net by netting twine.
In order to test, the present invention is self-defined 2 icmp packet types and relevant control order see Table one.
1. types value is 200: the icmp packet of representative transmission is the test and management order.
2. types value is 201: the icmp packet of representative transmission is test pack.
Table one:
| Command name | Function |
| CHANNEL_TEST | Test channel is controlled two directions: main and subordinate node direction and from the host node direction.Concrete direction is determined by first data item in the DSP-MGMT-CMD.request primitive: CommandDestination |
| CHANNEL_TEST_ACK | Channel is confirmed the affirmation of request |
| CHANNEL_TEST_REP | The report the test of channel test request |
| CHANNEL_TEST_VECTOR | During test session, the ICMP data message of transmission, direction is from CommandDestination to Test Destinaiton |
When electric energy meter and concentrator all were in line states, concentrator sent test and management order open communication link-quality measuring ability.Communication link quality of the present invention detects and is divided into master slave mode and from holotype.Under the master slave mode session, the ICMP test packet is sent by the primary module network layer, via primary module, transfer to the opposite end from module by power line, from module precognition test data, the data that relatively receive at physical layer and MAC layer and known test data, according to difference statistics link-quality, such as signal to noise ratio, the error rate and packet loss etc. is sent to from the module network layer from module and with these information, putting link quality information in order from the module network layer.After receiving whole test packs, from module this test results administration order is reported concentrator.
Under the holotype session, the ICMP test packet is by sending from the module network layer, via from module, transfer to the opposite end primary module by power line, primary module precognition test data, the data that relatively receive at physical layer and MAC layer and known test data, according to difference statistics link-quality, such as signal to noise ratio, the error rate and packet loss etc., primary module also is sent to the primary module network layer with these information, in primary module network layer arrangement link quality information.After receiving whole test packs, from module this test results administration order is reported primary module, primary module reports concentrator again.
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment.
As shown in Figure 5, under the master slave mode, electric energy meter is bypassed.Concentrator issues control command to primary module, requires principal and subordinate's module to enter master-slave communication link detecting pattern.
Concrete operation step is as follows:
Step 1, concentrator is issued the primary module network layer with primitive DSP-MGMT-CMD.request, asks it to open the online measuring ability of master slave mode communication link, and the data structure of this primitive is as follows:
Structure(size(5))
{
CommandDestination octet-string(8 bytes),
CommandID unsigned char (8 bits),
CommandDataLength unsigned short (16bits),
CommandData octet-string,
CommandHandle unsigned char (8 bits),
}
Step 2, primary module network layer are sent test and management order CHANNEL_TEST to specifying from the module network layer, send " request of data ", require to enter the test session pattern and prepare receive data from module.
Step 3, receive the test and management order of primary module network layer from the module network layer after, open test pattern and this test session of initialization, carry out " request of data " and " data validation " operation, get through channel paths.Afterwards, under test and management order CHANNEL_TEST_ACK control, carry out the affirmation that channel is confirmed request, reply simultaneously the affirmation receipt of " request of data affirmation " to primary module.
After step 4, primary module are received the confirmation of receipt of returning from module, and reply a receipt of confirming the opening network test function by primitive DSP-MGMT-CMD.confirm to concentrator, the data structure of this primitive is as follows:
Structure(size(5))
{
status unsigned char (8 bits),
CommandID unsigned char (8 bits),
CommandDataLength unsigned short (16bits),
CommandData octet-string
CommandHandle unsigned char (8 bits),
}
Simultaneously, primary module enters and sends the test data flow process.
Step 5, primary module network layer are under test and management order CHANNEL_TEST_VECTOR effect, and circulation sends the fixing test data extremely from module.
Step 6, comprises signal to noise ratio, link-quality indication, the error rate, Packet Error Rate and other relevant link qualitative datas, and is sent to from the module network layer at physical layer and MAC layer statistical channel quality information from module.
Step 7, under the effect of test and management order CHANNEL_TEST_REPORT, the report of average each frame of sorting-out in statistics also gathers from the module network layer.
Structure(size(4))
{
CommandSource octet-string(8 bytes),
CommandID unsigned char (8 bits),
CommandDataLength unsigned short (16bits),
CommandData octet-string
}
As shown in Figure 6, under holotype, electric energy meter also is bypassed.Concentrator issues control command to primary module, requires principal and subordinate's module to enter from main communication link detecting pattern.Concrete operation step is as follows:
Step 1, concentrator to the primary module network layer, are opened primitive DSP-MGMT-CMD.request from the online measuring ability of holotype communication link.The data structure of this primitive is as follows:
Structure(size(5))
{
CommandDestination octet-string(8 bytes),
CommandID unsigned char (8 bits),
CommandDataLength unsigned short (16bits),
CommandData octet-string,
CommandHandle unsigned char (8 bits),
}
Step 2, primary module network layer are sent test and management order CHANNEL_TEST to specifying from the module network layer, send " request of data ", require to enter test pattern and setup test data from module.
Step 3, receive the test and management order of primary module network layer from the module network layer after, open test pattern, carry out " request of data " and " data validation " operation, get through channel paths.Afterwards, under test and management order CHANNEL_TEST_ACK effect, carry out the affirmation that channel is confirmed request, reply simultaneously the affirmation receipt of " request of data affirmation " to primary module.
Step 4, primary module is received behind the response message of module, the initialization test session, and prepare to receive test data, and by the receipt of primitive DSP-MGMT-CMD.confirm to an affirmation of concentrator answer opening network test function, the data structure of this primitive is as follows:
Structure(size(5))
{
status unsigned char (8 bits),
CommandID unsigned char (8 bits),
CommandDataLength unsigned short (16bits),
CommandData octet-string
CommandHandle unsigned char (8 bits),
}
Step 5, under the effect of test and management order CHANNEL_TEST_VECTOR, circulation sends the fixing test data to primary module from the module network layer.
Step 6, primary module comprises signal to noise ratio, link-quality indication, the error rate, Packet Error Rate and other relevant link qualitative datas, and is sent to the primary module network layer at physical layer and MAC layer statistical channel quality information.
Step 7, primary module network layer are under the effect of test and management order CHANNEL_TEST_REPORT, and the report of average each frame of sorting-out in statistics also gathers.
Structure(size(4))
{
CommandSource octet-string(8 bytes),
CommandID unsigned char (8 bits),
CommandDataLength unsigned short (16bits),
CommandData octet-string
}。
Claims (6)
1. Automatic meter reading system, comprise electric energy meter, concentrator, carrier communication module and power line network, it is characterized in that, described carrier communication module comprises DSP module and carrier modulation module, the DSP module is used for making up network layer, and the carrier modulation module is used for signal transmission is modulated into the signal that is adapted to the power line propagation; Concentrator is by the DSP module communication of serial ports and concentrator side, and this DSP module is the carrier modulation module communication by serial ports and concentrator side again; The carrier modulation module of concentrator side is by the carrier modulation module communication of power line network and electric energy meter side; The carrier modulation module of electric energy meter side is by the DSP module communication of serial ports and electric energy meter side, and this DSP module is communicated by letter with electric energy meter by serial ports.
2. Automatic meter reading system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is primary module in the carrier communication module of concentrator side, is from module in the carrier communication module of electric energy meter side.
3. a communication link quality detection method that is applicable to Automatic meter reading system claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises master slave mode and from holotype; This detection method comprises the steps:
Step 1, the framework of network layer: network layer comprises UDP package module, IPv6 package module, ICMP package module and the online detection module of communication link, the UDP package module is packaged into the UDP message with terminal applies layer data message APDU, the ICMP encapsulation is used for link communication is detected the data message form that Information encapsulation becomes to be adapted to network layer and the transmission of route interlayer, and the IPv6 package module is packaged into the UDP message IPv6 message that is applicable in the transmission of IPv6 network layer; The online detection module of communication link is used for primary module and from reception and the transmission of the control command of the communication link quality of each node of module;
Step 2, master slave mode, concentrator is sent out control command to the primary module network layer, opens the online measuring ability of master slave mode communication link;
Step 3, primary module network layer are sent the test and management order to specifying from the module network layer, require to enter test pattern and prepare to receive test data from module;
Step 4, receive the test and management order of primary module network layer from the module network layer after, open test pattern, this test session of initialization, and send to primary module and to confirm receipt;
After step 5, primary module are received the confirmation of receipt of returning from module, enter and send the test data flow process, the circulation of primary module network layer sends the fixing test data to from module;
Step 6, from module at physical layer and MAC layer statistical channel quality information, and these information are sent to from the module network layer, from the report of average each frame of module network layer sorting-out in statistics and gather, after finishing, test from the module network layer this test results administration order is reported concentrator;
Step 7, from holotype, concentrator is sent out control command to the primary module network layer, opens from the online measuring ability of holotype communication link;
Step 8, primary module network layer are sent the test and management order to specifying from the module network layer, require to enter test pattern and setup test data from module;
Step 9, receive the test and management order of primary module network layer from the module network layer after, open test pattern, and reply response message;
Step 10, primary module are received behind the response message of module, the initialization test session, and prepare to receive test data;
Step 11 sends the fixing test data to primary module from the circulation of module network layer;
Step 12, primary module be at physical layer and MAC layer statistical channel quality information, and be sent to the primary module network layer; The report of average each frame of primary module network layer sorting-out in statistics also gathers;
Step 13, after test was finished, the primary module network layer reported concentrator with test result.
4. the communication link quality detection method of Automatic meter reading system according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described ICMP encapsulation is used for the encapsulation that link-quality detects data, uses when the link-quality testing; The UDP encapsulation is used for the encapsulation of meter reading data, uses when automatic data logging; Under the test pattern that link-quality detects, the work of ICMP package module, the UDP package module is not worked; Close this test pattern, the work of UDP package module, electric energy meter need not repeated registration, just can realize automatic data logging.
5. the communication link quality detection method of Automatic meter reading system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described link communication detection information comprises from link quality data, concentrator sense command and the primary module of module and each node of primary module with from module link communication check result.
6. the communication link quality detection method of Automatic meter reading system according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described channel quality information comprises signal to noise ratio, the error rate, Packet Error Rate and link-quality indication.
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