CN102944483A - Testing device and method for creep performance of material under coupling action of multiple factors - Google Patents
Testing device and method for creep performance of material under coupling action of multiple factors Download PDFInfo
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- CN102944483A CN102944483A CN2012105317080A CN201210531708A CN102944483A CN 102944483 A CN102944483 A CN 102944483A CN 2012105317080 A CN2012105317080 A CN 2012105317080A CN 201210531708 A CN201210531708 A CN 201210531708A CN 102944483 A CN102944483 A CN 102944483A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a testing device for the creep performance of a material under the coupling action of multiple factors, comprising a bracket, a weight, an annular heating sleeve, a first container, a strain demodulator, a power source, a temperature controller, a sealing film and a first test piece, wherein the bracket comprises a first bearing plate, a second bearing plate, a bottom plate, a first supporting rod and a second supporting rod; the sealing film is fixedly connected on the second bearing plate and the bottom plate; the weight is located on the first bearing plate; the annular heating sleeve is covered at the outside of the second bearing plate and the bottom plate; the first test piece is located in the center of the bottom plate; a first strain sensor is stuck to the first test piece and connected with the strain demodulator; the power source is connected with the power input end of the temperature controller; and the output end of the temperature controller is connected with the annular heating sleeve. The accuracy of a test result can be ensured by using the testing device. Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a testing method using the testing device; and the testing method is simple and easy to operate and capable of ensuring that the test piece has no strain looseness in the process of applying a load for a long term.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to materials ' durability measuring technology category, specifically, relate to the proving installation of the material Creep Characteristics under a kind of multifactor coupling, simultaneously, also relate to the method for testing of the proving installation of the material Creep Characteristics under this multifactor coupling.
Background technology
In recent years, support energetically owing to national policy, high-speed railway has obtained developing rapidly in China.The Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, 1.98 trillion yuan are finished in the china railway capital construction investment, ended for the end of the year 2010, the china railway operation mileage reaches 9.1 ten thousand kilometers (thes second in the world), the above high ferro mileage of Speed 200 km/h large 8358 kilometers (the first in the world), to reach more than 120,000 kilometers to china railway operation mileage in 2015, wherein high-speed railway is more than 1.6 ten thousand kilometers, and the year two thousand twenty high ferro mileage will reach 50,000 kilometers.
CRTSII plate-type ballastless track is a kind of of ballastless track structure, mainly by rail, fastener, non-slag rail plate, the CA mortar (is again cement asphalt mortar, cement asphalt mortar), the compositions such as hydraulicity supporting course and frost retarding layer, wherein, the CA mortar is that the construction machinery by special use is poured in thickness between non-slag rail plate and the concrete bed approximately in the long and narrow space of 20-50mm after the construction of other civil engineering structure is finished, Main Function is supporting, regulate, buffering, absorbing etc., and enough rigidity and malleables are provided, its performance and construction quality are for the ride comfort in the bullet train operational process, vital effect is played in comfortableness and security.Along with the raising of train running speed, safe driving and comfortableness are also more and more higher with the requirement of stability to the geometric accuracy of track structure.Can say, the quality of CA mortar and service state concern the safety and stability of whole track structure.
But recent research and investigation show, the investigation of the on-the-spot track structure present situation of domestic certain high-speed railway found before the train actual motion, and it is more serious too that the cracking phenomena of the unsticking of apparent in view cracking phenomena, CA mortar and levels surface of contact and crackle and track plates and concrete bottom seat board has appearred in the CA mortar at different foundation structures position (comprising abutment, roadbed, tunnel and transition section etc.).These badly brokens affect safe reliability and the economic permanance of high ferro.The reason that causes early damage is from many-side: on the one hand, it is wide that high ferro is crossed over the zone, the environment for use complicated condition that engineering structure faces, the temperature of zones of different, humidity, intensity of sunshine, rain, snow, the climate condition such as freezing and geological hydrology situation are widely different; On the other hand, track structure will bear the long term of unprecedented high speed, heavy duty and large flow vehicular load.The load of this complexity and environment coupled action have accelerated the earlier damage of high-speed railway slag-free rail system architecture, and the sustainable development of high-speed railway has been proposed a series of severe challenges and huge credit requirement.
Therefore, be necessary the cubic deformation rule of CA mortar is carried out systematic research.According to CA mortar environment of living in, weather and load situation in the engineering reality, the principal element that affects permanance is carried out reasonable combination, system carry out dual or the multiple damage factors effect under concrete durability research, reciprocation between quantization factor and factor, great science and technology and the theoretical difficult problem of current subject, oneself causes international academic community extensively and pays much attention at present, and its achievement in research will produce significant impact to cement-based material durability design of structure and life prediction thereof.
The research time deformation problem of cement asphalt mortar under stress and environmental factor effect, top priority are exactly to set up the test method system that can consider simultaneously 2 or above destructive factor.Consider in Practical Project, the CA mortar is worked under loaded state and is moved.Therefore, under research load and other destructive factor acting in conjunction CA mortar have important theoretical significance and widely the CA mortar volume deformation rule under the engineering using value, particularly compression stress effect study very crucial for the track structure the design and construction of durability.When setting up the CA mortar volume deformation test method of considering such environmental effects, have 3 key technical problems to solve: the first, design can apply plate test loading system accurate, constant load to test specimen; The second, the reliable temperature and humidity control system of design stability; The 3rd, foundation can be carried out continuously the test specimen that loads, fast nondestructive test method and data acquisition system (DAS).
Less to CA mortar volume Study on Deformation both at home and abroad, comprehensive existing cement-based material time deformation documents and materials are not difficult to find, what existing charger mostly adopted is spring-loaded mode, not yet has effective method can keep in the process of the test stress constant.Its main cause has two: 1. in the process of the test, material constantly deforms, and directly affects the stress that spring can provide, and what reality occured is the relaxation of material; 2. be subjected to the impact of loading stress, be difficult to utilize the load modes such as gravity or lever.
Above-mentioned drawbacks limit the correlativity of laboratory study and virtual condition cement-based material time deformation rule.Therefore, development is applicable to the cement-base composite materials such as CA mortar, and can keep holding for a long time the constant experimental provision of stress in the lotus process and have important using value in the multifactor research of creeping, the experimental apparatus of science also is provided for the track structure durability evaluation, prospect is very wide.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters technical matters to be solved by this invention is: the proving installation of the material Creep Characteristics under a kind of multifactor coupling is provided, and this proving installation can improve the reliability of test process, guarantees the accuracy of test result; A kind of method of testing of this proving installation also is provided simultaneously, and this method of testing is simple to operation, can keep in the long-term load application process test specimen unstressed loose, and stress distribution is even.
Technical scheme: for solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The proving installation of the material Creep Characteristics under a kind of multifactor coupling, described proving installation comprises support, counterweight, the annular-heating cover, fill the first container of saturated inorganic salt solution, the strain (FBG) demodulator, power supply, temperature controller, sealing film and the first test specimen, wherein, support comprises the first bearing plate, the second bearing plate, base plate, the first cramp bar and the second cramp bar, the first cramp bar is fixedly connected between the first bearing plate and the second bearing plate, the bottom of the second cramp bar is fixedly connected on the base plate, the second bearing plate passes the second cramp bar, and the second bearing plate is connected with the second cramp bar by sliding bearing; Sealing film is fixedly connected on the second bearing plate and the base plate, so that form seal chamber between the second bearing plate and the base plate; Counterweight is positioned on the first bearing plate, the annular-heating cover covers on the second bearing plate and plate outer side, the first container is positioned on the base plate, the first test specimen is positioned at the center of base plate, paste the first strain transducer on the outer wall of the first test specimen, the first strain transducer is connected with the strain (FBG) demodulator by wire, and power supply is connected with the power input of temperature controller, and the output terminal of temperature controller is connected with the annular-heating cover.
Further, the proving installation of the material Creep Characteristics under the described multifactor coupling, also comprise n test cell, each test cell comprises the 3rd bearing plate, fills the second container of saturated inorganic salt solution, the second test specimen and the second strain transducer, second container is positioned on the 3rd bearing plate, the second test specimen is positioned at the center of the 3rd bearing plate, and the second strain transducer pastes on the outer wall of the second test specimen; Each test cell is between the second bearing plate and base plate, and the 3rd bearing plate passes the second cramp bar, and the 3rd bearing plate is connected with the second cramp bar by sliding bearing, and the second strain transducer is connected with the strain (FBG) demodulator by wire; N is the integer more than or equal to 1.
The method of testing of the proving installation of the material Creep Characteristics under the above-mentioned multifactor coupling, this method of testing may further comprise the steps:
The first step: make material test specimen, utilize stirring machine stirring material starting material, make the material slurry; Then the material slurry is cast in the default cylinder or prismatic mould, after the sclerosis of material slurry, forms material test specimen;
Second step: connect strain detection testing device: remove mould, surface scum is removed on abrasive material test specimen surface, forms ganoid the first test specimen;
The 3rd step: test specimen is carried out wetting balance, prepare the saturated inorganic salt solution corresponding with controlled humidity, then the first test specimen is put into the environment that saturated inorganic salt solution forms, carry out wetting balance, and record the weight change of the first test specimen, when the weight of the first test specimen no longer changes, entered for the 4th step;
The 4th step: the adjusting ambient temperature, at first, the first strain transducer is fixed on the outer wall of the first test specimen, the first strain transducer links to each other with the strain (FBG) demodulator; The first test specimen is placed on the center of base plate, first container that will fill again inorganic salt solution is placed on the base plate; Then, with sealing film to sealing between base plate and the second bearing plate; Subsequently, set the target temperature of test specimen environment of living in, by temperature controller and annular-heating cover, the temperature of the first test specimen environment of living in is regulated, make the first test specimen environment temperature of living in equal target temperature;
The 5th step: the test of creeping: observe the interior temperature variation of annular-heating cover by temperature controller, when temperature reaches desired value and no longer changes, begin to carry out the test of creeping of material: counterweight is placed on the first bearing plate, the first bearing plate is exerted pressure to the second bearing plate, the second bearing plate moves down along the second cramp bar, until the second bearing plate is exerted pressure to the first test specimen; Simultaneously, open the strain (FBG) demodulator, gather strain data, the strain by the first test specimen is measured the strained situation that the material of the first test specimen under stress and environmental factor coupling crept over time.
Beneficial effect: compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) in long-term load application process, it is loose that test specimen is unstressed, and stress distribution is even.During traditional material is crept and tested, adopt spring or hydraulic way to load, test specimen generation time deformation meeting causes the decline of Creep Stress, and test specimen is in the relaxation test state.The present invention has solved this problem by the following method effectively: 1) adopt the gravity of counterweight to apply the load of creeping; 2) by sliding bearing the second bearing plate and the 3rd bearing plate are freely moved at the second cramp bar, effectively reduced the restriction of frictional resistance to test piece deformation, the effective communication of proof stress; 3) adopt light-weight high-strength material to make the 3rd bearing plate, the weight of the 3rd bearing plate is compared with Creep Stress and can be ignored, and guarantees that each test specimen test stress condition is identical.In a word, among the present invention, in long-term load application process, it is loose that test specimen is unstressed, and stress distribution is even.
(2) different test specimens are coaxial stressed, are conducive to improve the accuracy of test.Traditional loading instrument of creeping often eccentricity issues can occur between the levels test specimen, causes the inconsistent situation of the actual Creep Stress of bearing of levels test specimen.Among the present invention, solve by the following method this problem: the 1) depth of parallelism on strict guarantee test specimen surface, in the parallel cutting process of test specimen, control roughly with vernier caliper measurement, then with the sand paper accurate control surface depth of parallelism of polishing; 2) utilize sliding bearing to link to each other with the second cramp bar the second bearing plate and the 3rd bearing plate, thereby limiting the second bearing plate and the 3rd bearing plate can only slide up and down at the second cramp bar, limit the transversely deforming of the second bearing plate and the 3rd bearing plate, reduce the possibility of the eccentric load-bearing of test specimen; 3) when Mould Machining, made columniform boss (perhaps groove) at the second bearing plate, the 3rd bearing plate and base, convenient definite test specimen carrying center, the restriction test specimen laterally slides.Among the present invention, different test specimens are concentric, are conducive to improve the accuracy of test.
(3) temperature and humidity control is convenient, and reliability is high.Traditional time deformation test is all carried out in the standard chamber of creeping, and temperature and humidity changes greatly.Different material time deformations is subjected to the impact of environment temperature and relative humidity very large.The present invention adopts the temperature controller of intelligence and the temperature that ring heater is controlled the residing microenvironment of test specimen, adopts the relative humidity of saturated inorganic salt solution control test specimen test environment.It is high, convenient and reliable that the present invention has control accuracy to temperature and humidity control, the advantage that adaptability is good.
(4) the strain data acquisition precision is high.Adopt high-precision strain transducer and strain (FBG) demodulator to come creep time deformation value in the process of capturing material, data autostore among the present invention.Compare with the clock gauge of the traditional artificial reading of dependence, strain data acquisition precision of the present invention is high, and reliability is high, and continuity is good, and saves time.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of proving installation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is in the embodiment of the invention 1, and stress level is to the effect string diagram of material Creep Characteristics.
Fig. 3 is in the embodiment of the invention 2, and temperature is to the effect string diagram of material Creep Characteristics.
Fig. 4 is in the embodiment of the invention 3, and relative humidity is to the effect string diagram of material Creep Characteristics.
Have among the figure: support 1, counterweight 2, annular-heating cover the 3, first container 4, strain (FBG) demodulator 5, power supply 6, temperature controller 7, sealing film 8, the first test specimen 9, the first strain transducer 10, second container 11, the second test specimen 12, the second strain transducer 13, sliding bearing 14, the first bearing plate 101, the second bearing plate 102, base plate 103, the first cramp bar 104, the second cramp bar 105, the 3rd bearing plate 106, location-plate 107.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the proving installation of the material Creep Characteristics under a kind of multifactor coupling of the present invention comprises support 1, counterweight 2, annular-heating cover 3, fills the first container 4, strain (FBG) demodulator 5, power supply 6, temperature controller 7, sealing film 8 and first test specimen 9 of saturated inorganic salt solution.Support 1 comprises the first bearing plate 101, the second bearing plate 102, base plate 103, the first cramp bar 104 and the second cramp bar 105.The first cramp bar 104 is fixedly connected between the first bearing plate 101 and the second bearing plate 102.The bottom of the second cramp bar 105 is fixedly connected on the base plate 103.The second bearing plate 102 passes the second cramp bar 105, and the second bearing plate 102 is connected with the second cramp bar 105 by sliding bearing 14.By being set, can move along the second cramp bar 105 by sliding bearing 14, the second bearing plates 102.Sealing film 8 is fixedly connected on the second bearing plate 102 and the base plate 103, so that form seal chamber between the second bearing plate 102 and the base plate 103.Counterweight 2 is positioned on the first bearing plate 101.Annular-heating cover 3 covers on the second bearing plate 102 and base plate 103 outsides.Annular-heating cover 3 can heat the cavity between the second bearing plate 102 and the base plate 103, and then regulates the temperature of test specimen environment of living in.The first container 4 is positioned on the base plate 103.The first test specimen 9 is positioned at the center of base plate 103.Pasting the first strain transducer 10, the first strain transducers 10 on the outer wall of the first test specimen 9 is connected with strain (FBG) demodulator 5 by wire.Power supply 6 is connected with the power input of temperature controller 7, and the output terminal of temperature controller 7 is connected with annular-heating cover 3.The first strain transducer 10 is foil gauge, and strain (FBG) demodulator 5 is the resistance-strain (FBG) demodulator.The first strain transducer 10 is fiber-optic grating sensor, and strain (FBG) demodulator 5 is fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator.When the second strain transducer 13 was foil gauge, strain (FBG) demodulator 5 was the resistance-strain (FBG) demodulator.When the second strain transducer 13 was fiber-optic grating sensor, strain (FBG) demodulator 5 was fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator.
Further, the proving installation of the material Creep Characteristics under the described multifactor coupling, also comprise n test cell, each test cell comprises the 3rd bearing plate 106, fills the second container 11 of saturated inorganic salt solution, the second test specimen 12 and the second strain transducer 13.Second container 11 is positioned on the 3rd bearing plate 106, and the second test specimen 12 is positioned at the center of the 3rd bearing plate 106, and the second strain transducer 13 pastes on the outer wall of the second test specimen 12.Each test cell is between the second bearing plate 102 and base plate 103, and the 3rd bearing plate 106 passes the second cramp bar 105.The 3rd bearing plate 106 is connected with the second cramp bar 105 by sliding bearing 14.The second strain transducer 13 is connected with strain (FBG) demodulator 5 by wire.N is the integer more than or equal to 1.N test cell is set, can tests n test specimen simultaneously, be conducive to improve testing efficiency.
Further, the proving installation of the material Creep Characteristics under the described multifactor coupling also comprises location-plate 107, and location-plate 107 is fixedly connected on the top of the second cramp bar 105.On the second cramp bar 105 tops location-plate 107 is set, can improves the steadiness of the second cramp bar 105, avoid it to wave.
Further, the center of described base plate 103 end faces is provided with ganoid boss or groove, the center of the second bearing plate 102 bottom surfaces is provided with ganoid boss or groove, the center of the 3rd bearing plate 106 end faces and bottom surface is provided with ganoid boss or groove, and the first test specimen 9 or the second test specimen 12 are positioned on boss or the groove.Boss or groove are set, are conducive to determine the carrying center, be convenient to the placement of test specimen.The preferred ball pivot boss of boss is guaranteed uniaxial force.
Further, described the 3rd bearing plate 106 is made by light-weight high-strength material.Light-weight high-strength material, for example plastics, aluminium flake etc.Make the 3rd bearing plate 106 by light-weight high-strength material, purpose is the weight that reduces the 3rd bearing plate 106.Adopt light-weight high-strength material, can bear the required compressive stress of test, and the weight of bearing plate own compares very littlely with the compressive stress that applies, can ignore it to the impact of the first test specimen 9 time deformation stress.
Further, described the second cramp bar 105 is four, is evenly arranged on the base plate 103.Be evenly arranged four the second cramp bars 105, be conducive to the second bearing plate 102 and the 3rd bearing plate 106 is stablized slippage.
Above-mentioned proving installation comprises: loading section, heating part, humidity control section and strain acquirement part.Loading section mainly is comprised of support 1 and counterweight 2, and the first bearing plate 101 and base 103 in the support 1 are used for fixing whole support 1, guarantees the stable of whole loading section; The first bearing plate 101 is used for bearing the weight that loads counterweight 2; The second bearing plate 102 and the 3rd bearing plate 106 are used for transmitting compressive stress to test specimen, and the carrying test specimen.In order to reduce the resistance that friction brings in the test piece deformation process, the second bearing plate 102 reliably is connected with the second cramp bar 105 with the 3rd bearing plate 106 usefulness sliding bearings 14.Heating part mainly is comprised of temperature controller 7, annular-heating cover 3 and power supply 6.The target temperature of heating is finished by temperature controller 7 controls.Temperature sensor is responsible for collecting the real time temperature of annular heating jacket 3 and is fed back to temp control switch 7, and the temperature signal of 7 pairs of temperature sensor feedbacks of temp control switch is processed.The humidity control section mainly contains saturated inorganic salt solution and packoff two parts form.The relative humidity simulation actual humidity environment that utilizes saturated inorganic salt solution to form.Strain acquirement partly mainly contains strain transducer and strain (FBG) demodulator 5.
The method of testing of the proving installation of the material Creep Characteristics under the above-mentioned multifactor coupling may further comprise the steps:
The first step: make material test specimen, utilize stirring machine stirring material starting material, make the material slurry; Then the material slurry is cast in the default cylinder or prismatic mould, after the sclerosis of material slurry, forms material test specimen.
In the first step, material test specimen can adopt cement-based material to make.Certainly material test specimen can also adopt other materials to make, pitch sample for example, macromolecule resin etc.Cement-based material is a kind of in cement asphalt mortar, mortar, the clean slurry, but is not limited to cement-based material, can also be other inorganic or organic materials.
Second step: connect strain detection testing device: remove mould, surface scum is removed on abrasive material test specimen surface, forms ganoid the first test specimen 9.
The 3rd step: test specimen is carried out wetting balance, prepare the saturated inorganic salt solution corresponding with controlled humidity, then the first test specimen 9 is put into the environment that saturated inorganic salt solution forms, carry out wetting balance, and record the weight change of the first test specimen 9, when the weight of the first test specimen 9 no longer changes, entered for the 4th step.
The 4th step: the adjusting ambient temperature, at first, the first strain transducer 10 is fixed on the outer wall of the first test specimen 9, the first strain transducer 10 links to each other with strain (FBG) demodulator 5; The first test specimen 9 is placed on the center of base plate 103, first container 4 that will fill again saturated inorganic salt solution is placed on the base plate 103; Then, with sealing between 8 pairs of base plates 103 of sealing film and the second bearing plate 102; Subsequently, set the target temperature of test specimen environment of living in, by temperature controller 7 and annular-heating cover 3, the temperature of the first test specimen 9 environment of living in is regulated, make the first test specimen 9 environment temperatures of living in equal target temperature.
The 5th step: the test of creeping: observe annular-heating by temperature controller 7 and overlap 3 interior temperature variation, when temperature reaches desired value and no longer changes, begin to carry out the test of creeping of material: counterweight 2 is placed on the first bearing plate 101,101 pairs of the second bearing plates 102 of the first bearing plate are exerted pressure, the second bearing plate 102 moves down along the second cramp bar 105, until 102 pairs of the first test specimens 9 of the second bearing plate are exerted pressure; Simultaneously, open strain (FBG) demodulator 5, gather strain data, the strain by the first test specimen 9 is measured the strained situation that the material of the first test specimen 9 under stress and environmental factor coupling crept over time.
When utilizing proving installation of the present invention to carry out the test of stress-Environmental coupling, configure at first in accordance with regulations saturated inorganic salt solution, and test specimen put into wherein, carry out wetting balance, the record weight change is not when test specimen weight has significant change, paste strain transducer on the test specimen surface, and the reservation external connection, secondly test specimen is placed in the proving installation, and carries out the seal operation of sealing loading frame integral body.Then the open temp controller 7, and test specimen is heated to target temperature, and insulation a period of time.Get subsequently five cement-based material test specimens with proportioning as one group, wherein get three and carry out direct compression test, obtain mean compressive strength.Then utilize proving installation that remaining two test specimens are applied axial compressive stress.The counterweight weight (the consideration bearing plate is to the effect of test specimen) that the good institute of the in advance measuring and calculating stress application level of wanting is corresponding, test specimen is on bearing plate lentamente, and the maintenance center of gravity is consistent with the center of gravity of support 1.Behind the last loaded, open strain (FBG) demodulator 5 and carry out the data collection task of time deformation value.
Embodiment 1
Cement asphalt mortar match ratio (kg/m
3): dry powder 1000, emulsified asphalt 160, water 110, water reducer 1.4, defoamer 0.05.By said ratio, adopt forced stirrer to mix thoroughly after, fresh concrete watered be of a size of
In the tubing, then concrete sample is put into standard curing room (20 ± 3 ℃ of temperature, RH 〉=more than 95%) maintenance and then taken out the length of time to regulation.With the MTS810 experimental machine the good test specimen of maintenance is carried out intensity test according to standard method.According to recording compressive strength, adopt proving installation of the present invention and method of testing, test specimen is applied respectively 0.03,0.15 and 0.30 stress level (compressive stress that applies/limit compressive stress), the temperature that controls environment is 20 ℃, relative humidity RH=60%.Behind the loaded, open strain (FBG) demodulator 5, carry out the time deformation test of cement asphalt mortar.Record stress and the cement asphalt mortar time deformation concerns as shown in Figure 2 over time.
Among Fig. 2, horizontal ordinate represent to creep length of time of test, ordinate represents the time deformation value of material.Lines among Fig. 2 represent that respectively stress level is 0.03,0.15 and the time deformation rule of development in time of 0.30 o'clock material.As can be seen from Figure 2, the absolute value of creeping of this material increases along with the increase of stress level.Simultaneously, because the present invention can be to the strain data Quick Acquisition, the reaction material details that strain value changed with the length of time in the process of creeping effectively.
Cement asphalt mortar match ratio (kg/m
3): dry powder 1000, emulsified asphalt 160, water 110, water reducer 1.4, defoamer 0.05.By said ratio, adopt forced stirrer to mix thoroughly after, fresh concrete watered be of a size of
In the tubing, then concrete sample is put into standard curing room (20 ± 3 ℃ of temperature, RH 〉=more than 95%) maintenance and then taken out the length of time to regulation.With the MTS810 experimental machine the good test specimen of maintenance is carried out intensity test according to standard method.According to recording compressive strength, adopt proving installation of the present invention and method of testing, test specimen is applied 0.030 stress level (compressive stress that applies/limit compressive stress), setting the heating arrangement target temperature is 20 ℃, 40 ℃ and 80 ℃, and relative humidity RH=60% is set.Behind the loaded, open strain (FBG) demodulator 5, carry out the time deformation test of cement asphalt mortar under the condition of different temperatures.Record temperature and the cement asphalt mortar time deformation concerns as shown in Figure 3 over time.
Among Fig. 3, horizontal ordinate represent to creep length of time of test, ordinate represents the time deformation value of material.The time deformation of material situation over time when the lines among Fig. 3 represent respectively 20 ℃ of environment temperatures, 40 ℃, 60 ℃ and 80 ℃.As can be seen from Figure 3, then rapid growth when the absolute value of creeping of material begins with the growth in the length of time tends towards stability gradually.And the time deformation value increases along with the increase of environment temperature.
Cement asphalt mortar match ratio (kg/m
3): dry powder 1000, emulsified asphalt 160, water 110, water reducer 1.4, defoamer 0.05.By said ratio, adopt forced stirrer to mix thoroughly after, fresh concrete watered be of a size of
In the tubing, then concrete sample is put into standard curing room (20 ± 3 ℃ of temperature, RH 〉=more than 95%) maintenance and then taken out the length of time to regulation.With the MTS810 experimental machine the good test specimen of maintenance is carried out intensity test according to standard method.According to recording compressive strength, adopt proving installation of the present invention and method of testing, test specimen is applied 0.030 stress level (compressive stress that applies/limit compressive stress), set temperature is 20 ℃, preparation control relative humidity is respectively 33%, 75%, 59% and 98% supersaturation inorganic salt solution.Behind the loaded, open strain (FBG) demodulator 5, carry out the time deformation test under the different relative humidity conditions.Record between relative humidity and the cement asphalt mortar time deformation relation as shown in Figure 4.
Among Fig. 4, horizontal ordinate represent to creep length of time of test, ordinate represents the time deformation value of material.When the lines among Fig. 4 represented that respectively relative humidity is 33%, 59%, 75% and 98%, the time deformation of material is situation over time.As can be seen from Figure 4, then the time deformation absolute value of material tends towards stability with the first rapid growth in the length of time.And the time deformation value increases along with the increase of envionmental humidity.
Claims (10)
1. the proving installation of the material Creep Characteristics under the multifactor coupling, it is characterized in that, described proving installation comprises support (1), counterweight (2), annular-heating cover (3), the first container (4) that fills saturated inorganic salt solution, strain (FBG) demodulator (5), power supply (6), temperature controller (7), sealing film (8) and the first test specimen (9), wherein
Support (1) comprises the first bearing plate (101), the second bearing plate (102), base plate (103), the first cramp bar (104) and the second cramp bar (105), the first cramp bar (104) is fixedly connected between the first bearing plate (101) and the second bearing plate (102), the bottom of the second cramp bar (105) is fixedly connected on the base plate (103), the second bearing plate (102) passes the second cramp bar (105), and the second bearing plate (102) is connected with the second cramp bar (105) by sliding bearing (14);
Sealing film (8) is fixedly connected on the second bearing plate (102) and the base plate (103), so that form seal chamber between the second bearing plate (102) and the base plate (103); Counterweight (2) is positioned on the first bearing plate (101), annular-heating cover (3) covers on the second bearing plate (102) and base plate (103) outside, the first container (4) is positioned on the base plate (103), the first test specimen (9) is positioned at the center of base plate (103), paste the first strain transducer (10) on the outer wall of the first test specimen (9), the first strain transducer (10) is connected with strain (FBG) demodulator (5) by wire, power supply (6) is connected with the power input of temperature controller (7), and the output terminal of temperature controller (7) is connected with annular-heating cover (3).
2. according to the proving installation of the material Creep Characteristics under the multifactor coupling claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise n test cell, each test cell comprises the 3rd bearing plate (106), fills the second container (11) of saturated inorganic salt solution, the second test specimen (12) and the second strain transducer (13), second container (11) is positioned on the 3rd bearing plate (106), the second test specimen (12) is positioned at the center of the 3rd bearing plate (106), and the second strain transducer (13) pastes on the outer wall of the second test specimen (12);
Each test cell is positioned between the second bearing plate (102) and the base plate (103), and the 3rd bearing plate (106) passes the second cramp bar (105), the 3rd bearing plate (106) is connected with the second cramp bar (105) by sliding bearing (14), and the second strain transducer (13) is connected with strain (FBG) demodulator (5) by wire; N is the integer more than or equal to 1.
3. according to the proving installation of the material Creep Characteristics under claim 1 or the 2 described multifactor couplings, it is characterized in that, also comprise location-plate (107), location-plate (107) is fixedly connected on the top of the second cramp bar (105).
4. according to the proving installation of the material Creep Characteristics under the multifactor coupling claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the center of described base plate (103) end face is provided with ganoid boss or groove, the center of the second bearing plate (102) bottom surface is provided with ganoid boss or groove, the center of the 3rd bearing plate (106) end face and bottom surface is provided with ganoid boss or groove, and the first test specimen (9) or the second test specimen (12) are positioned on boss or the groove.
5. according to the proving installation of the material Creep Characteristics under the multifactor coupling claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described the 3rd bearing plate (106) is made by light-weight high-strength material.
6. according to the proving installation of the material Creep Characteristics under the multifactor coupling claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described the second cramp bar (105) is four, is evenly arranged on the base plate (103).
7. according to the proving installation of the material Creep Characteristics under the multifactor coupling claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described the first strain transducer (10) is foil gauge, and strain (FBG) demodulator (5) is the resistance-strain (FBG) demodulator.
8. according to the proving installation of the material Creep Characteristics under the multifactor coupling claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described the first strain transducer (10) is fiber-optic grating sensor, and strain (FBG) demodulator (5) is fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator.
9. a method of testing of utilizing the proving installation of the material Creep Characteristics under the multifactor coupling claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this method of testing may further comprise the steps:
The first step: make material test specimen, utilize stirring machine stirring material starting material, make the material slurry; Then the material slurry is cast in the default cylinder or prismatic mould, after the sclerosis of material slurry, forms material test specimen;
Second step: connect strain detection testing device: remove mould, surface scum is removed on abrasive material test specimen surface, forms ganoid the first test specimen (9);
The 3rd step: test specimen is carried out wetting balance, prepare the saturated inorganic salt solution corresponding with controlled humidity, then the first test specimen (9) is put into the environment that saturated inorganic salt solution forms, carry out wetting balance, and record the weight change of the first test specimen (9), when the weight of the first test specimen (9) no longer changes, entered for the 4th step;
The 4th step: the adjusting ambient temperature, at first, the first strain transducer (10) is fixed on the outer wall of the first test specimen (9), the first strain transducer (10) links to each other with strain (FBG) demodulator (5); The first test specimen (9) is placed on the center of base plate (103), first container (4) that will fill again inorganic salt solution is placed on the base plate (103); Then, with sealing film (8) to sealing between base plate (103) and the second bearing plate (102); Subsequently, set the target temperature of test specimen environment of living in, by temperature controller (7) and annular-heating cover (3), the temperature of the first test specimen (9) environment of living in is regulated, make the first test specimen (9) environment temperature of living in equal target temperature;
The 5th step: the test of creeping: observe the interior temperature variation of annular-heating cover (3) by temperature controller (7), when temperature reaches desired value and no longer changes, begin to carry out the test of creeping of material: counterweight (2) is placed on the first bearing plate (101), the first bearing plate (101) is exerted pressure to the second bearing plate (102), the second bearing plate (102) moves down along the second cramp bar (105), until the second bearing plate (102) is exerted pressure to the first test specimen (9); Simultaneously, open strain (FBG) demodulator (5), gather strain data, the strain by the first test specimen (9) is measured the strained situation that the material of the first test specimen (9) under stress and environmental factor coupling crept over time.
10. according to the method for testing of the proving installation of the material Creep Characteristics under the multifactor coupling claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, in the described first step, material test specimen adopts cement-based material to make.
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| CN103267682A (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2013-08-28 | 东南大学 | Device and method for testing material creep under coupling action of tensile stress and environment |
| CN103674724A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-03-26 | 兰州交通大学 | Creep high-temperature test box for concrete member |
| CN107330207A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-11-07 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七�三研究所 | A kind of sliding bearing flow parameter computational methods of multiple factors coupling test amendment |
| CN111721627A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-09-29 | 燕山大学 | Device and testing method for ultra-early tensile creep of cement-based material |
| CN112557212A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-26 | 广电计量检测（北京）有限公司 | Spring stress relaxation test device |
| CN112924277A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-08 | 吉林建筑大学 | Method for detecting mechanical property in plane of plate embedded into surface of concrete member |
| CN112924279A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-08 | 吉林建筑大学 | Test piece and method for detecting mechanical property of concrete in-plane template material without detaching |
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| CN107330207B (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2020-11-13 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七�三研究所 | Sliding bearing flow parameter calculation method corrected by multi-factor coupling test |
| CN107330207A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-11-07 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七�三研究所 | A kind of sliding bearing flow parameter computational methods of multiple factors coupling test amendment |
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| CN111721627B (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2021-04-02 | 燕山大学 | Device and testing method for ultra-early tensile creep of cement-based material |
| CN112557212A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-26 | 广电计量检测（北京）有限公司 | Spring stress relaxation test device |
| CN112924277A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-08 | 吉林建筑大学 | Method for detecting mechanical property in plane of plate embedded into surface of concrete member |
| CN112924279A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-08 | 吉林建筑大学 | Test piece and method for detecting mechanical property of concrete in-plane template material without detaching |
| CN113310811A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-08-27 | 北京工业大学 | Cement-based material axial pressure creep testing device capable of regulating temperature, humidity and load |
| CN113310811B (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2024-01-26 | 北京工业大学 | Cement-based material axial pressure creep testing device capable of regulating temperature, humidity and load |
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