CN102929094A - Ultrafast framing imaging device - Google Patents
Ultrafast framing imaging device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102929094A CN102929094A CN201110227205XA CN201110227205A CN102929094A CN 102929094 A CN102929094 A CN 102929094A CN 201110227205X A CN201110227205X A CN 201110227205XA CN 201110227205 A CN201110227205 A CN 201110227205A CN 102929094 A CN102929094 A CN 102929094A
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Abstract
The invention provides an ultrafast framing imaging device, which comprises a pulse sequence generating device, an optical splitter, and a camera array, wherein the pulse sequence generating device is used for generating a pulse sequence composed of different wavelengths of ultra-short laser pulses to income a sample to be tested; the optical splitter is used for separating different wavelength components of the pulse sequence from the sample to be tested in space, and the camera array is used for respectively imaging different wavelengths of the pulse sequence separated by the optical splitter. Compared with the prior art, the ultrafast framing imaging device can break through a bottle neck of time resolving power, so that the time resolving power can achieve picoseconds even femtosecond magnitudes. The ultrafast framing imaging device does not need to utilize an ultrafast control circuit and is relatively low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ultrafast shooting field, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of ultrafast framing imaging device.
Background technology
In the process of scientific research and technical research, often need to carry out very short taking pictures continuously of the time interval to a certain process.When the time, resolution required to reach the level of microsecond, the signal-obtaining speed of one number of units word camera has been difficult to satisfy the demand that high-speed and continuous is taken, therefore need to adopt many films or many cameras to record respectively sample at difference image constantly, the title of such device is called the high speed framing camera.Traditional high speed framing camera is divided into two classes, and a class is rotating mirror method, the another kind of digital camera system that is based on the high-velocity electrons shutter.The catoptron of a High Rotation Speed of rotating mirror method employing projects the image of difference moment sample on different sensitive films or the sense electronics optical chip, because what adopt is plant equipment, its time resolution characteristic can only reach the level of microsecond, and the operating process more complicated is eliminated at present gradually.Nowadays commercial ultrafast framing camera majority is based on the multi channel imaging principle, to input light and be divided into multichannel, respectively imaging on different sense electronics optical chips, the time shutter of sense electronics optical chip and order can realize the framing imaging to sample like this by ultrafast circuit control.The response speed that depends on control circuit based on the time resolution of the framing imaging device of ultrafast electronic shutter is in the level of nanosecond at present, and is difficult to continue to improve again.And because the cost of ultrafast electronic control system is higher, so the price of this class framing imaging device is very expensive.In addition, the picture frame number based on the framing camera of ultrafast electronic shutter is limited and fixing.
Therefore, current in the urgent need to a kind of bottleneck and the low ultrafast framing imaging device of cost that can the breakthrough time resolution characteristic.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of bottleneck and the low ultrafast framing imaging device of cost that can the breakthrough time resolution characteristic.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of ultrafast framing imaging device, comprising:
Pulse train generator be used for to generate pulse train that the ultrashort laser pulse of different wave length forms with the incident testing sample;
Optical splitter is used for and will spatially be separated from each other from the different wave length composition of the pulse train of testing sample; And
Camera array is used for the different wave length composition of the isolated pulse train of optical splitter is distinguished imaging.
Wherein, described pulse train generator comprises:
Ultrashort pulse laser is for generation of ultrashort laser pulse;
Frequency converter is used for utilizing nonlinear optical effect described ultrashort laser pulse to be converted into the ultrashort laser pulse of several different wave lengths; And
Chronotron, be used for will described several different wave lengths ultrashort laser pulse be converted into the pulse train of the ultrashort laser pulse composition of different wave length.
Wherein, described frequency converter comprises successively along light path: condenser lens, nonlinear optical crystal and collimation lens.
Wherein, described chronotron adopts the GVD (Group Velocity Dispersion) medium.
Wherein, described chronotron adopts prism pair.
Wherein, described chronotron adopts grating pair.
Wherein, each camera in the described camera array aim at respectively described optical splitter the place angle of light of the isolated wavelength corresponding with this camera.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following technique effect:
1, bottleneck that can the breakthrough time resolution characteristic makes time resolution reach psec even femtosecond magnitude.
2, do not need to use ultrafast control circuit, cost is relatively cheap.
3, structure is relatively simple, is easy to realize.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of the ultrafast framing imaging device of one embodiment of the invention;
It is that the 830nm femto-second laser pulse is by the spectrum schematic diagram of the emergent light of MgO:LiNbO3 crystal that Fig. 2 shows centre wavelength;
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of the frequency converter of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram of the chronotron of one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below, the present invention is done further describe in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
According to one embodiment of present invention, provide a kind of ultrafast framing imaging device, as shown in Figure 1, this ultrafast framing imaging device comprises ultrashort pulse laser 1, frequency converter 2, chronotron 3, optical splitter 5 and camera array 6 are detected sample 4 and place between chronotron 3 and the optical splitter 5.
The ultrashort laser pulse that at first ultrashort pulse laser 1 is produced is incident in the frequency converter 2, and frequency converter 2 is the devices that single ultrashort laser pulse can be converted to the ultrashort laser pulse of several different wave lengths.In one embodiment, frequency converter 2 is nonlinear optical crystals, utilizes the nonlinear optical effect of crystal the ultrashort laser pulse of ultrashort pulse laser 1 output can be converted to the ultrashort laser pulse of several other different wave lengths; Then the ultrashort pulse with the different wave length of frequency converter 2 outputs separates in time through chronotron 3, forms pulse train; Pulse train be detected sample 4 and interact after, its different wavelength components is being carried sample in difference information constantly; Then utilize optical splitter 5 to make different wavelength components in the pulse train along different direction deflection; Adopt at last camera array to the respectively independent imaging of ultrashort pulse of different wave length, can obtain sample at difference photo constantly.In above-described embodiment, ultrashort pulse laser 1, frequency converter 2 and chronotron 3 consist of the ultrashort laser pulse sequence generating device, are used for the pulse train of the ultrashort laser pulse composition of generation different wave length.Those skilled in the art's easy to understand, also can replace with the ultrashort laser pulse sequence generating device of other type among the present invention, for example can synthesize a pulse train with the femtosecond laser of many different frequencies, yet this scenario-frame is comparatively complicated, cost is also higher.
In another embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, described frequency converter comprises: condenser lens 2, nonlinear optical crystal 3 are (such as MgO:LiNbO
3Crystal) and collimation lens 4; Its principle of work is as follows: ultrashort laser pulse 1 line focus lens 2 are focused in the nonlinear optical crystal 3, and the multi-wavelength ultrashort laser pulse 5 of generation is directional light through collimation lens 4 collimations.
In another embodiment, described chronotron adopts the GVD (Group Velocity Dispersion) material to make.As shown in Figure 4, multi-wavelength ultra-short pulse laser 1 is when GVD (Group Velocity Dispersion) material 2 transmission, because the transmission speed of its different wave length composition is different, therefore along with the continuous increase of transmission range, the different wave length composition of incident light will be separated from each other in time, thereby forms pulse train 3.
For example, centre wavelength is that the 830nm femto-second laser pulse passes through MgO:LiNbO
3Can produce the laser pulse of other wavelength behind the crystal, the spectrum of emergent light is (but list of references Optics Express18,4206 (2010)) as shown in Figure 2.Can see from spectrogram, emergent light can comprise 4 wavelength components, is respectively: 830nm, 680nm, 520nm, 415nm.When certain thickness dispersive medium is passed in such multi-wavelength ultrashort pulse, because transmission speed (group velocity) difference of different wavelength components, therefore the light pulse meeting of different wave length composition is separated from each other in transmission course, forms the pulse train that the ultrashort pulse by different wave length forms.Suppose to use a thickness as the quartz glass of 6cm as chronotron, then can be according to the transmission speed of 4 wavelength components in the quartz glass medium of emergent light, the time response of the pulse train of estimation output.
The dispersion relation of quartz glass can be calculated with the Sellmier experimental formula:
Wherein n is refractive index, and λ is wavelength (unit is micron).b
1＝0.6961663，b
2＝0.4079426，b
3＝0.8974794，c
1＝0.00467914826，c
2＝0.0135120631，c
3＝97.9340025.
According to the Sellmier experimental formula can calculate different wave length in quartz glass transmission speed (group velocity) and by the needed time of 6 centimeter length quartz glasss, as shown in table 1:
Table 1
| Wavelength (nm) | Transmission speed (10 8m/s) | Transmission time (ps) |
| 415 | 1.986 | 302.1 |
| 520 | 2.018 | 297.3 |
| 680 | 2.038 | 294.4 |
| 830 | 2.046 | 293.2 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the multi-wavelength ultrashort pulse develops into the pulse train that forms into the ultrashort pulse by 4 different wave lengths after by quartz glass.If the moment that the pulse of 830nm wavelength is corresponding is decided to be zero constantly, corresponding 1.2ps of the pulse of 680nm wavelength so, the corresponding 4.1ps of the pulse of 520nm wavelength, the corresponding 8.9ps of the pulse of 415nm wavelength.
Such pulse train is behind the process sample, the image information of sample in 0 moment carried in the pulse of 830nm, the pulse of 680nm is carried sample in 1.2 psecs image information constantly, the pulse of 520nm wavelength is carried sample in 4.1 psecs image information constantly, and the pulse of 415nm wavelength is carried sample in 8.9 psecs image information constantly.Comprise the pulse train of sample message through behind the optical splitter, the different wave length composition carries out respectively imaging with 4 CCD cameras to the light pulse of 4 wavelength at last along different direction of propagation deflection, can obtain 4 auspicious dynamic images of sample.
For it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the optical crystal kind among the present invention is surveyed the spectral composition of light, the time interval between the pulse, and the quantity of camera all can be regulated according to the experiment needs in the camera array.Wherein, just can adjust interval between the pulse by changing the propagation distance of pulse train in dispersive medium, for example, the interval that increases between the pulse can be realized by the thickness that increases dispersive medium, perhaps allows pulse train repeatedly come and go and passes through dispersive medium.
The major function of chronotron is that the different wave length composition of ultrashort white light pulse is separated in time.Except adopting the GVD (Group Velocity Dispersion) material, chronotron can also prism to or grating pair make.
Prism is to utilizing the angular dispersion of optical element to realize the broadening of light pulse with grating pair, different wave length has different refraction angles and angle of diffraction when passing through prism with grating, utilize prism to and this character of grating pair can between the different wave length composition of white light pulse, introduce optical path difference, thereby so that the different wave length composition of ultrashort white light pulse is separated from each other in time, form the pulse train that the pulse by different wave length forms.
Above-mentioned several time-delay mechanisms are the working standard technology in the ultra-short pulse laser technology, and its detail can be with reference to data of literatures.Wherein chromatic dispersion material and prism can will produce between long wavelength's pulse and short wavelength's pulse the mistiming of several psec to tens psecs usually, and large two orders of magnitude of the mistiming specific dispersion material that grating produces between the pulse of different wave length and prism.
In another embodiment, described optical splitter adopts prism or grating.
The pulse train that forms from the pulse by different wave length of chronotron is after interacting with sample, and when passing through the light-splitting device such as prism or grating, its different wavelength components can be along different angle refraction or diffraction again.
Take grating as example, suppose that above-mentioned pulse train impinges perpendicularly on the reflection grating, the ruling span of grating is d, the diffraction of light direction of wavelength X satisfies grating formula so
dsinθ＝mλ
Wherein θ is angle of diffraction (angle of diffracted ray and grating normal), and integer m is the order of diffraction.M=0 represents 0 order diffraction, and this moment, the diffraction light of all wavelengths all returned along normal, utilized the order of diffraction of m ≠ 0 just can realize light splitting in the practical application, for example during m=1, and the angle of diffraction of different wave length
θ＝arcsin(λ/d)
The spacing of supposing grating line is 1 μ m, and so the moment corresponding to different wave length composition of this pulse train, the relation of angle of diffraction and wavelength is as shown in table 2:
Table 2
| Wavelength | Corresponding constantly (ps) | Angle of diffraction |
| 830 | 0 | 56.1 |
| 680 | 1.2 | 42.9 |
| 520 | 4.1 | 31.3 |
| 415 | 8.9 | 24.5 |
With reference to table 2, take ultrafast framing imaging device shown in Figure 1 as example, if the diffraction light imaging of camera alignment wavelengths 520 nanometers i.e. (diffraction lights of 31.3 degree), at this time to photograph image be exactly that sample is at 4.1ps image constantly to camera.
At last, the above embodiments only are used for illustrating the present invention, and it should not be construed is that protection scope of the present invention is carried out any restriction.And, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that do not breaking away under above-described embodiment spirit and the principle, the various equivalent variation that above-described embodiment is carried out, modification and in the text not the various improvement of description all within the protection domain of this patent.
Claims (7)
1. ultrafast framing imaging device comprises:
Pulse train generator be used for to generate pulse train that the ultrashort laser pulse of different wave length forms with the incident testing sample;
Optical splitter is used for and will spatially be separated from each other from the different wave length composition of the pulse train of testing sample; And
Camera array is used for the different wave length composition of the isolated pulse train of optical splitter is distinguished imaging.
2. ultrafast framing imaging device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described pulse train generator comprises:
Ultrashort pulse laser is for generation of ultrashort laser pulse;
Frequency converter is used for utilizing nonlinear optical effect described ultrashort laser pulse to be converted into the ultrashort laser pulse of several different wave lengths; And
Chronotron, be used for will described several different wave lengths ultrashort laser pulse be converted into the pulse train of the ultrashort laser pulse composition of different wave length.
3. ultrafast framing imaging device according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described frequency converter comprises successively along light path: condenser lens, nonlinear optical crystal and collimation lens.
4. ultrafast framing imaging device according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described chronotron adopts the GVD (Group Velocity Dispersion) medium.
5. ultrafast framing imaging device according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described chronotron adopts prism pair.
6. ultrafast framing imaging device according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described chronotron adopts grating pair.
7. ultrafast framing imaging device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, each camera in the described camera array aim at respectively described optical splitter the place angle of light of the isolated wavelength corresponding with this camera.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103345115A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2013-10-09 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Imaging method of super-speed coaxial framing coherent imaging light path |
| CN104375374A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-02-25 | 北京理工大学 | Ultra-fast continuous electron dynamic state observation device and method based on frequency domain space-time transformation |
| CN109799196A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-05-24 | 北京理工大学 | Multifrequency pulse sequence ultrafast laser continuous spectrum detection device and method |
| CN109799671A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-05-24 | 北京理工大学 | Multifrequency pulse ultrafast laser continuous imaging device and method based on super continuous spectrums |
| CN110412827A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-11-05 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | Ultrahigh speed imaging sequences method based on the light splitting of pulsed light beam different wave length |
| CN110531578A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-12-03 | 深圳大学 | More picture frame imaging method, apparatus and equipment |
| CN112902866A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-06-04 | 武汉大学 | Spatial framing device, all-optical ultrafast imaging system and method |
| CN114361915A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-15 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | Device and method for generating multi-period terahertz pulses |
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| CN102841498A (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2012-12-26 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | Ultrafast framing imaging device |
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| CN102841498A (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2012-12-26 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | Ultrafast framing imaging device |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103345115A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2013-10-09 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Imaging method of super-speed coaxial framing coherent imaging light path |
| CN103345115B (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2015-11-18 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | The formation method of a kind of hypervelocity coaxial framing coherent imaging light path |
| CN104375374A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-02-25 | 北京理工大学 | Ultra-fast continuous electron dynamic state observation device and method based on frequency domain space-time transformation |
| CN104375374B (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2017-02-08 | 北京理工大学 | Ultra-fast laser continuous imaging device and method based on frequency domain space-time transformation |
| CN109799196A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-05-24 | 北京理工大学 | Multifrequency pulse sequence ultrafast laser continuous spectrum detection device and method |
| CN109799671A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-05-24 | 北京理工大学 | Multifrequency pulse ultrafast laser continuous imaging device and method based on super continuous spectrums |
| CN110412827A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-11-05 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | Ultrahigh speed imaging sequences method based on the light splitting of pulsed light beam different wave length |
| CN110531578A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-12-03 | 深圳大学 | More picture frame imaging method, apparatus and equipment |
| WO2021042779A1 (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2021-03-11 | 深圳大学 | Multi-format framing imaging method, apparatus and device, and computer-readable storage medium |
| CN110531578B (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2021-04-13 | 深圳大学 | Multi-frame framing imaging method, device and equipment |
| CN112902866A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-06-04 | 武汉大学 | Spatial framing device, all-optical ultrafast imaging system and method |
| CN114361915A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-15 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | Device and method for generating multi-period terahertz pulses |
| CN114361915B (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2023-09-08 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | Multi-period terahertz pulse generation device and generation method |
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Application publication date: 20130213 |