CN102927442A - Gas hydrate pipeline conveying method and gas hydrate pipeline conveying device - Google Patents
Gas hydrate pipeline conveying method and gas hydrate pipeline conveying device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of petroleum engineering, and particularly relates to a pipeline conveying method and a pipeline conveying device for natural gas hydrate. The gas hydrate pipeline conveying device comprises a gas collecting unit, a hydrate generating and transporting unit, and a hydrate separating and decomposing unit. Correspondingly, the gas hydrate pipeline conveying method also comprises the steps of collecting gas, generating and transporting hydrate, and separating and decomposing hydrate. According to the gas hydrate pipeline conveying method and the gas hydrate pipeline conveying device, helical gas hydrate pipeline conveying method is adopted, chemicals such as a depressor, and an inhibitor are not added, and therefore, pipeline blockage is completely avoided and the safety and economics of conveying the natural gas is improved. Compared with traditional natural gas pipeline conveying, the economic benefits are increased by 20-30%. Coiled tube type hydrate and generating device are adopted, and low-temperature environment in sea bottom is utilized to generate hydrate, and the continuous generation of the gas hydrates is guaranteed. Different land processing methods are adopted to meet different conveying requirements of a natural gas market. Besides, the comprehensive efficiency of the system is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the petroleum works field, be specifically related to a kind of applied pipeline transportation method and equipment of gas hydrates, it is mainly used in the conveying and the petroleum works fields such as pipe natural gas conveying under the land mal-condition of the submarine pipeline rock gas in the petroleum gas storage and transportation process, and the storage that also can be used for other gases such as separates at the field with transportation and hydrate gas.
Background technique
Submarine oil, gas reserves are very abundant, rank first in oceanic mineral resources.Submarine oil, natural gas transport are important rings of hydrocarbon sub-marine field exploitation, and wherein the pipeline conveying is the most common mode.From Brown ﹠amp in 1954; Root Oceanographic Engineering Corporation is since article one submarine pipeline has been laid in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico, and people have successfully laid the submarine pipeline without several all kinds, various calibers all over the world, and total length has reached tens0000 kilometers.Because the submerged pipeline discharge pressure is higher, ambient temperature is lower, very easily generates gas hydrates and block pipeline in the oil gas course of conveying.At present, prevent that hydrate from generating and blocking the method that pipeline adopts is to add the hydrate formation inhibitor, the most frequently used hydrate formation inhibitor is methyl alcohol.According to incompletely statistics, the expense that generates with the prevention of water compound of the annual injecting inhibitor in the whole world is about 500,000,000 dollars.In order to solve the high cost problem of using inhibitor and bringing, people utilize the pipe insulation material to keep the way of temperature in the pipeline to suppress the generation of hydrate, but the expense that is used for the thermoinsulation material that submarine pipeline prevention of water compound generates is also up to 620,000 dollars/km.There is again the scholar to propose to equip the generation that multistage natural qi exhaustion water device is controlled hydrate at sea, although multistage dewatering unit can effectively remove the moisture in the rock gas, but because the offshore platform area is limited, high cost is difficult to realize in actual moving process.
To the harm of Natural Gas Pipeline Transportation, the present invention proposes a kind of new gas hydrate applied pipeline transportation method and equipment in order to prevent and treat hydrate to generate.The core of this method is not the appearance of stopping hydrate fully, flow in pipeline but adopt the method for dredging to allow rock gas and water generate the hydrate slurry, this method not only can prevent the Hydrate Plugging pipeline, be beneficial to the transportation of rock gas, and can significantly reduce the use of hydrate inhibitor and the use of thermal insulating material, can significantly reduce operating cost.In addition, studies show that according to relevant that gas hydrates have very strong gas storage ability, 1 m
3Gas hydrates generally can store 160～180 m
3Rock gas, transport capacity is very strong.Therefore, with gas hydrate form transport natural gas important practical usage is arranged.
Find that by research the industrialization of gas hydrate application technology will realize the continuous generation of hydrate and shift continuously these two elementary processes.And to realize this two processes, the hydrate that need to guarantee generates has under the prerequisite of q.s can also continuous-flow and blocking pipe not.Based on above situation, the present invention can guarantee that the hydrate slurry generates fast under both economical condition, and in pipeline, steadily carry, arriving land can fast decoupled be that rock gas enters the land transportation system afterwards, perhaps is separated into hydrate solids and transports.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the series of problems that occurs in the present submarine pipeline transport natural gas process, a kind of efficient gas hydrate pipe transportation technology equipment is provided.By the system in combination of various device, realized the complete process at the safe and efficient transport gas in seabed, and had little investment, the advantage such as operating cost is low.The present invention has mainly solved following problem: 1. invented spiral flow hydrate slurry pipeline transport gas technique, avoided the obstruction of submarine pipeline; 2. invent the method for decomposition of hydrate or separation, satisfied different natural gas transport requirements; 3. invent coil pipe type hydrate generator and utilized the cryogenic high pressure environment generation hydrate in seabed, reduced cost; 4. invent the local cyclone that rises, prevented that hydrate deposits at tube wall in the course of conveying, improved the heat exchange efficiency in tube fluid and the external world, promoted the hydrate formation speed; 5. invent decomposition of hydrate fresh water recovering device and cold energy recovering device, improved system synthesis efficient.
A kind of gas hydrate delivery method of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) gas collection step: natural gas via overcompression machine is delivered to pre-treater, and rock gas is carried out preliminary purification, removes the impurity such as small solid particle wherein; Operating conditions by pressure meter, thermometer and flowmeter Real-Time Monitoring gas pipeline; Drawing up the seawater that comes by the seabed simultaneously at first filters through filter, pass through subsequently the aqueduct that delivers into of transfer pump, aqueduct arranges pressure meter equally, thermometer and flowmeter carry out the monitoring of operating mode, one dosing mouth is set behind the flowmeter of aqueduct, adds hydrate formation promoter to promote that hydrate generates fast; Rock gas and seawater are through after the effect of air and liquid mixer, and both fully mix, and enter the seabed, for the generation of hydrate is prepared;
(2) hydrate generates and the transportation step: the hydrate that enters the seabed through rock gas and the seawater of gas-liquid mixed generates coil pipe, and temperature is 1-5 ℃ in the pipeline, and manifold pressure is 3-8MPa, generates hydrate crystal; Hydrate crystal enters pipe-line transportation system after generating, and cyclone has been set in the pipe-line transportation system, and the hydrate slurry is rotated in the transportation of submarine pipeline, and the velocity in pipes of hydrate slurry is 1.0～3.5m/s;
(3) hydrate separation and decomposition step: the hydrate slurry that contains free water transports disembarkation by pipeline through screw pump and enters knockout drum afterwards; After the hydrate slurry that contains free water was separated in knockout drum, free water directly entered the sea by drain opening; Isolated hydrate slurry adopts resolution process method and/or separating treatment method to process:
The resolution process method: by knockout drum carry come remove free water hydrate slurry, further dewater through spiral shell pressure type water separator, isolated water enters the sea through drain opening; Then enter the decomposition tank through screw pump, the hydrate slurry progressively resolves into rock gas in decomposing tank, one deck isolation net is set in the tank, block hydrate is retained on the isolation net, and the clastic hydrate is fallen at the bottom of the tank, and a Jet injector is set in pipe, the fresh water that is obtained by the recycling decomposition of hydrate of water transport pump, and fresh water introduced Jet injector, Jet injector guarantees the clastic hydrate persistent movement at the bottom of the tank, to improve the decomposition rate of hydrate; The fresh water that decomposites is transferred in the water storage tank; Cold energy in the process of decomposition of hydrate is recycled by heat-exchanger rig; Natural gas via overcompression machine input gas holder in that the decomposition tank obtains stores in gas holder; Natural gas via in the gas holder is inputted cyclone separator by compressor, and the moisture in the rock gas is further separated, and then input processing device, in treatment device, rock gas is carried out purified treatment, removes SO
2, CO
2Deng gas, make rock gas satisfy pipeline defeated standard outward, enter multi-purpose station pipeline finally by the overcompression machine;
The hydrate separation method: by knockout drum carry come remove free water hydrate slurry, further dewater through spiral shell pressure type water separator, the water that sub-argument goes out enters the sea through drain opening; The hydrate slurry enters the hydrate forming unit through screw pump, makes the hydrate slurry generate gradually hydrate brick or hydrate ball under the cryogenic high pressure condition in mould, thereby obtains hydrate solids;
In each step, the data that obtain in pressure meter, thermometer, the flowmeter are all inputted computer data acquisition system and are carried out Treatment Analysis, guarantee the normal operation of whole system.
In order further to improve decomposition rate, a dosing mouth can be set before water transport pump, the decomposition situation according to hydrate adds hydrate inhibitor in right amount, improves decomposition rate.
The present invention also discloses a kind of gas hydrate pipe conveying equipment, comprises gas collection unit, hydrate generation and delivery unit, hydrate separation and three parts of resolving cell; Wherein:
The gas collection unit comprises computer data acquiring device 1, gas-entered passageway and intake tunnel, intake tunnel is by seawer inlet pipeline 11, filter 2, transfer pump 3, pressure meter 4, thermometer 5, flowmeter 6, dosing mouth 7 consists of, gas-entered passageway is by Imported gas pipeline 8, compressor 9, rock gas pre-treater 10, pressure meter 12, thermometer 13, flowmeter 14 forms, and gas-entered passageway and intake tunnel meet at air and liquid mixer 15; The computer data acquiring device is by being arranged on pressure meter, thermometer, the flowmeter Real-Time Monitoring operating conditions on gas-entered passageway and the intake tunnel;
Hydrate generates and delivery unit, comprise and generate coil pipe import 21, hydrate generation coil pipe 20 hydrate slurry conveyance conduits 19 and play the passage that cyclone 22 connects and composes successively, hydrate generates coil pipe and is provided with pressure meter 17, thermometer 18, one computer data acquiring devices 16 are by pressure meter, thermometer Real-Time Monitoring operating conditions; Generating the coil pipe import is the input end of this unit, links to each other with the output terminal of air and liquid mixer in the gas collection unit by pipeline; Play the output terminal that spinning is set to this unit, link to each other by the screw pump of pipeline with hydrate separation and resolving cell input end;
The decomposition of hydrate unit comprises the first screw pump 34, knockout drum 35, spiral shell pressure type water separator 38, the second screw pumps 39 that are communicated with successively, decompose tank 40, decompose tank and be provided with heat-exchanger rig 41, decompose pot bottom one Jet injector 42 is set, Jet injector water transport pump, the water storage tank 45 outer with decomposing tank links to each other; The top of decomposing tank is connected with the first compressor 46, gas holder 47 second compressors 48, cyclone separator 49, treatment device 50 the 3rd compressor 51 successively; Pressure meter, thermometer are installed with pressure and temperature in the monitoring tank on knockout drum, decomposition tank and the gas holder; Computer data acquisition system (55) is carried out Treatment Analysis by pressure meter and thermometer image data, guarantees the normal operation of whole system;
Hydrate separation unit: comprise the first screw pump 34, knockout drum 35, spiral shell pressure type water separator 52, the three screw pumps 53 and the hydrate forming unit 54 that are communicated with successively, pressure meter, thermometer are installed with pressure and temperature in the monitoring tank on the knockout drum; Computer data acquisition system 55 is carried out Treatment Analysis by pressure meter and thermometer image data, guarantees the normal operation of whole system.
Among the present invention, also a dosing mouth can be set before the water transport pump in the decomposition of hydrate unit.
Pipe-line transportation system has designed two kinds and has played cyclone, but is not limited to this.Play cyclone for the first, such as Fig. 4, comprise conduit entrance 23, spiral hole 24, play coil road 25, flange 26 and pipe outlet 27; For playing coil 25, it is comprised of 3-6 the less pipe of internal diameter, and the size of internal diameter is relevant with the number that plays coil, and playing coil is 5-20 ° with axial angle.Conduit entrance 21 be connected with pipe outlet that the coil road carries out clockwise or counterclockwise circulation connect, be the equal of several strands of jets, the hydrate slurry is rotated in the transportation of submarine pipeline; Play cyclone for the second, comprise conduit entrance 28, spiral hole 29, dumping-guiding plate 30, flange 31 and pipe outlet 32 etc.; For dumping-guiding plate 30, it is arranged on the wall of pipe interior, and its long limit and tube wall are fixedly linked, and minor face radially points to conduit axis, and bond length is dumping-guiding plate height h, and scope is 20-50mm.Dumping-guiding plate evenly distributes at pipe interior, enter flow resistance and guarantee uniform inflow for reducing dumping-guiding plate, the dumping-guiding plate front portion is the straight section of 10-50cm, evenly be twisted into subsequently certain cornerite a, the scope of cornerite is 5 °-30 °, and for reducing resistance, the dumping-guiding plate leading edge is frustrated into obtuse, for avoiding streaming, the dumping-guiding plate trailing edge is processed into wing.When dumping-guiding plate is installed with etc. arc length or wait central angle evenly to be fixed on the tube wall, the number that dumping-guiding plate is installed is that 3-9 is individual.For two kinds above cyclone, every kind of length that plays cyclone is 4-12m, spacing 100-5000m.Two kinds are played cyclone and can select according to actual conditions.The local existence that plays spigot can prevent the deposition of hydrate in the course of conveying, can improve again formation speed and the conveying efficiency of hydrate.
About the hydrate delivery unit, employing be the compound mode of monolayer steel pipe and anticorrosive coat.The velocity in pipes of hydrate slurry is 1.0～3.5m/s.Scribble one deck anticorrosive coat in the outside of steel pipe, to prevent that the seabed particular surroundings is to the erosion of pipeline.
Remarkable advantage of the present invention is in the following aspects:
(1) spiral pipeline gas hydrate delivery method has been abolished the chemical product such as interpolation inhibitor, polymerization inhibitor, has avoided line clogging fully, has improved natural gas transportation Security and Economy.Increase economic efficiency 20-30% than the conventional natural gas pipelines conveying.
(2) invented coil pipe type hydrate and generating apparatus, and utilized the low temperature environment in seabed to generate hydrate, guaranteed that gas hydrate generates continuously.
(3) invent hydrate and directly be decomposed into rock gas or isolate two kinds of land handlings of solid hydrate, satisfied the different conveying requirement of market for natural gas.
(4) invent two kinds of parts and played cyclone, prevented the deposition of hydrate in the course of conveying, strengthened system's heat exchange efficiency, improved the formation speed of hydrate.
(5) water that goes out with seawater generation decomposition of hydrate is fresh water, and water is precious resources, has therefore improved system synthesis efficient.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 gas hydrate pipeline transportation process flow process.
Fig. 2 gas collection unit.
Fig. 3 hydrate generates and delivery unit.
Fig. 4 plays cyclone 1.
Fig. 5 plays cyclone 2.
Fig. 6 hydrate separation and resolving cell.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments content of the present invention is further described in detail:
The present invention is gas hydrate applied pipeline transportation method and equipment, as shown in Figure 1, comprises the gas collection unit, three parts of hydrate generation and delivery unit and hydrate separation and resolving cell.
About the gas collection unit, such as Fig. 2, comprise computer data acquiring device 1, filter 2, transfer pump 3, pressure meter 4, thermometer 5, flowmeter 6, dosing mouth 7, Imported gas pipeline 8, compressor 9, pre-treater 10, seawer inlet pipeline 11, pressure agent 12, temperature agent 13, flowmeter 14 and air and liquid mixer 15 etc.; Rock gas out is delivered to pre-treater 10 through compressor 9 by offshore drilling platform from the seabed gas-field exploitation, and rock gas is carried out preliminary purification, removes the impurity such as small solid particle wherein; By the operating conditions in pressure agent and the temperature agent monitoring gas pipeline, its instantaneous flow of flowmeter survey and integrated flux; Then enter air and liquid mixer 15.Drawing up the seawater that comes by the seabed simultaneously at first filters through filter 2, pass through subsequently the aqueduct that delivers into of transfer pump 3, aqueduct arranges pressure meter 4 equally, thermometer 5 and flowmeter 6 carry out the monitoring of operating mode, in order to promote that further hydrate generates fast, one dosing mouth 7 is set behind flowmeter, adds hydrate formation promoter.Rock gas and seawater are through after the effect of air and liquid mixer 15, and both fully mix, and enter the seabed, for the generation of hydrate is prepared.
Generate and delivery unit about hydrate, such as Fig. 3, comprise computer data acquiring device 16, pressure meter 17, thermometer 18, hydrate slurry conveyance conduit 19, hydrate generates coil pipe 20, generates coil pipe import 21, plays cyclone 22 etc.; The generation of hydrate needs natural G﹠W, and be in the condition of high pressure low temperature, at first the environment in seabed can provide hydrate to generate needed temperature, and the pressure when rock gas out enters conveyance conduit by offshore drilling platform from the seabed gas-field exploitation in addition can provide pressure condition.Keep the interior temperature of pipeline to be about 3 ℃, manifold pressure is about 5MPa.The generation that is designed to hydrate that hydrate generates coil pipe provides guarantee, the caliber of coil pipe is identical with conveyance conduit, is the generation unit that forms by continuous bending, and every segment length is 10-20m, the coil pipe total length is decided to the land distance on concrete offshore platform, is generally 100-300m.After hydrate generates, by high-pressure delivery pump hydrate is delivered to pipe-line transportation system to realize the transportation of rock gas.The hydrate delivery unit adopts the second to play cyclone, such as Fig. 5, comprises conduit entrance 28, spiral hole 29, dumping-guiding plate 30, flange 31 and pipe outlet 32 etc.; For dumping-guiding plate 30, it is arranged on the wall of pipe interior, and its long limit and tube wall are fixedly linked, and minor face radially points to conduit axis, and bond length is dumping-guiding plate height h, is 25mm.Dumping-guiding plate evenly distributes at pipe interior, enter flow resistance and guarantee uniform inflow for reducing dumping-guiding plate, the dumping-guiding plate front portion is the straight section of 40cm, evenly be twisted into subsequently certain cornerite a, the scope of cornerite is 5 °, and for reducing resistance, the dumping-guiding plate leading edge is frustrated into obtuse, for avoiding streaming, the dumping-guiding plate trailing edge is processed into wing.When dumping-guiding plate is installed with etc. arc length or etc. central angle evenly be fixed on the tube wall, 6 dumping-guiding plates are installed.The length that plays cyclone is 6m, spacing 120m.The local existence that plays spigot can prevent the deposition of hydrate in the course of conveying, can improve again formation speed and the conveying efficiency of hydrate.About the hydrate delivery unit, employing be the compound mode of monolayer steel pipe and anticorrosive coat.For steel pipe, thickness is 10mm, and internal diameter is 460mm, and material is 16Mn, for delivery of hydrate.The mean velocity of setting in the hydrate slurry pipe is 2m/s, and a year conveying hydrate slurry scale of construction was 1.03 * 10 according to calculating in 360 days in 1 year
7m
3There is anticorrosive coat outside at steel pipe, to prevent that the seabed particular surroundings is to the erosion of pipeline.
About hydrate separation and resolving cell, such as Fig. 6, the hydrate slurry that contains free water enters knockout drum 35 after serving bank by pipeline through screw pump fortune 34, and knockout drum is equipped with thermometer 36 and pressure meter 37, is used for detecting temperature and the pressure of tank inside.After the hydrate slurry that contains free water was separated in knockout drum, free water directly entered the sea by drain opening 33.Isolated hydrate slurry has two kinds of processing schemes: resolution process method and separating treatment method.For the decomposition of hydrate unit, comprise spiral shell pressure type water separator 38, screw pump 39 decomposes tank 40, heat-exchanger rig 41, Jet injector 42, water transport pump 43, dosing mouth 44, water storage tank 45, compressor 46, gas holder 47, compressor 48, cyclone separator 49, treatment device 50 and compressor 51 etc.By knockout drum 35 carry come remove free water hydrate slurry, through further dehydration of spiral shell pressure type water separator 38, isolated water enters the sea through drain opening 33; Then enter through screw pump 39 and decompose tank 40, the hydrate slurry progressively resolves into rock gas in decomposing tank, one deck isolation net is set in the tank, block hydrate is retained on the isolation net, and the clastic hydrate is fallen at the bottom of the tank, and a Jet injector 42 is set in pipe, the fresh water that is obtained by water transport pump 43 recycling decomposition of hydrate, and fresh water introduced Jet injector 42, Jet injector 42 guarantees the clastic hydrate persistent movement at the bottom of the tanks, to improve the decomposition rate of hydrate.Be the decomposition rate that further improves hydrate in addition, a dosing mouth 44 is set before water transport pump 43, the decomposition situation according to hydrate adds the hydrate inhibitors such as alcohols in right amount, further improves decomposition rate.Unnecessary fresh water is transferred in the water storage tank 45.Owing in the process of decomposition of hydrate, can absorb a large amount of heats, this part cold energy is recycled by heat-exchanger rig 41, outer air enters heat-exchanger rig 41 by the coil pipe import, hydrate absorbs a large amount of heat in decomposition process, the outer air temperature is reduced, then by outer defeated being used of coil pipe outlet.The natural gas via overcompression machine 46 input gas holder 47 that obtain in decomposing tank 40 store in gas holder, and gas holder is equipped with pressure meter and thermometer to supervise at any time
Survey pressure and temperature in the tank, can safe operation with assurance equipment.Natural gas via in the gas holder 47 is further separated the moisture in the rock gas by compressor 48 input cyclone separators 49, and then input processing device 50, in treatment device, rock gas is carried out purified treatment, removes SO
2, CO
2Deng gas, make rock gas satisfy pipeline defeated standard outward, enter multi-purpose station pipeline finally by overcompression machine 51.
For the hydrate separation unit, comprise spiral shell pressure type water separator 52, screw pump 53 and " hydrate moulding " device 54 etc., by knockout drum 35 carry come remove free water hydrate slurry, through further dehydration of spiral shell pressure type water separator 52, isolated water enters the sea through drain opening; Then enter " hydrate moulding " device 54 through screw pump 53, " hydrate moulding " device 54 is kept the environment of cryogenic high pressure, make the hydrate slurry in mould, generate gradually " hydrate brick " or " hydrate ball ", obtain hydrate solids, by the transportation of the means of transportation such as hydrate transport vehicle, in the situation of this kind method for the user who does not have land gas pipeline or less gas consumption.At last, from knockout drum 35, decompose the data input computer data acquisition system 55 that obtains in tank 40 and the pressure meter above the gas holder 47 and the thermometer and carry out analysing and processing, guarantee the normal operation of whole system.
This system's running is as follows: enter hydrate from seabed gas-field exploitation rock gas out by pipeline by the gas collection unit and generate coil pipe, the environment in seabed provides the condition of temperature, recovery pressure provides pressure condition, high-pressure service pump is squeezed into seawater water condition is provided in the pipe, generate through hydrate after the coil pipe, carry by high-pressure delivery pump.In the process of carrying, play cyclone hydrate liquid form with similar spiral flow in pipeline is travelled forward, promote the further generation of hydrate, prevented the deposition of hydrate, improve the hydrate transfer efficiency; After hydrate is carried disembarkation by the hydrate delivery unit, enter hydrate separation and resolving cell, at first pass through knockout drum, free water is separated, obtain comparatively dry hydrate slurry.If landly gas pipeline arranged and be larger consumption, hydrate enters decomposing unit, hydrate enters and decomposes after the tank, the rock gas that decomposes is at first inputted land gas pipeline by compressor, and the fresh water that the hydrate that is generated by seawater and rock gas obtains after decomposing, in the input water storage tank.Can absorb a large amount of heat in the process of decomposition of hydrate, this part cold energy is recycled by heat-exchanger rig, puies forward high-octane utilization ratio.If do not have in user's the situation of land gas pipeline or less gas consumption, hydrate enters " hydrate moulding " device, the hydrate slurry generates " hydrate brick " gradually in mould, obtain hydrate solids, is transported by means of transportation such as hydrate transport vehicles; It is stable to control operating mode in the conduit running process, need to prevent mutually the superpose generation of the worst case that causes of multiple fluctuating factor; For preventing that the too high and temperature of overpressure from crossing the low hydrate solids that generates, should as the case may be, add an amount of anti polymerizer to guarantee the safe transport of the interior hydrate slurry of pipe.
Claims (6)
1. a gas hydrate delivery method comprises the steps:
(1) gas collection step: natural gas via overcompression machine is delivered to pre-treater, and rock gas is carried out preliminary purification, removes the impurity such as small solid particle wherein; Operating conditions by pressure meter, thermometer and flowmeter Real-Time Monitoring gas pipeline; Drawing up the seawater that comes by the seabed simultaneously at first filters through filter, pass through subsequently the aqueduct that delivers into of transfer pump, aqueduct arranges pressure meter equally, thermometer and flowmeter carry out the monitoring of operating mode, one dosing mouth is set behind the flowmeter of aqueduct, adds hydrate formation promoter to promote that hydrate generates fast; Rock gas and seawater are through after the effect of air and liquid mixer, and both fully mix, and enter the seabed, for the generation of hydrate is prepared;
(2) hydrate generates and the transportation step: the hydrate that enters the seabed through rock gas and the seawater of gas-liquid mixed generates coil pipe, and temperature is 1-5 ℃ in the pipeline, and manifold pressure is 3-8MPa, generates hydrate crystal; Hydrate crystal enters pipe-line transportation system after generating, and cyclone has been set in the pipe-line transportation system, and the hydrate slurry is rotated in the transportation of submarine pipeline, and the velocity in pipes of hydrate slurry is 1.0～3.5m/s;
(3) hydrate separation and decomposition step: the hydrate slurry that contains free water transports disembarkation by pipeline through screw pump and enters knockout drum afterwards; After the hydrate slurry that contains free water was separated in knockout drum, free water directly entered the sea by drain opening; Isolated hydrate slurry adopts resolution process method and/or separating treatment method to process:
The resolution process method: by knockout drum carry come remove free water hydrate slurry, further dewater through spiral shell pressure type water separator, isolated water enters the sea through drain opening; Then enter the decomposition tank through screw pump, the hydrate slurry progressively resolves into rock gas in decomposing tank, one deck isolation net is set in the tank, block hydrate is retained on the isolation net, and the clastic hydrate is fallen at the bottom of the tank, and a Jet injector is set in pipe, the fresh water that is obtained by the recycling decomposition of hydrate of water transport pump, and fresh water introduced Jet injector, Jet injector guarantees the clastic hydrate persistent movement at the bottom of the tank, to improve the decomposition rate of hydrate; The fresh water that decomposites is transferred in the water storage tank; Cold energy in the process of decomposition of hydrate is recycled by heat-exchanger rig; Natural gas via overcompression machine input gas holder in that the decomposition tank obtains stores in gas holder; Natural gas via in the gas holder is inputted cyclone separator by compressor, and the moisture in the rock gas is further separated, and then input processing device, in treatment device, rock gas is carried out purified treatment, removes SO
2, CO
2Deng gas, make rock gas satisfy pipeline defeated standard outward, enter multi-purpose station pipeline finally by the overcompression machine;
The hydrate separation method: by knockout drum carry come remove free water hydrate slurry, further dewater through spiral shell pressure type water separator, the water that sub-argument goes out enters the sea through drain opening; The hydrate slurry enters the hydrate forming unit through screw pump, makes the hydrate slurry generate gradually hydrate brick or hydrate ball under the cryogenic high pressure condition in mould, thereby obtains hydrate solids;
In each step, the data that obtain in pressure meter and the thermometer are all inputted computer data acquisition system and are carried out Treatment Analysis, guarantee the normal operation of whole system.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described resolution process method step, a dosing mouth is set before water transport pump, and the decomposition situation according to hydrate adds hydrate inhibitor in right amount, improves decomposition rate.
3. a gas hydrate pipe conveying equipment comprises gas collection unit, hydrate generation and delivery unit, hydrate separation and three parts of resolving cell; Wherein:
The gas collection unit, comprise computer data acquiring device (1), gas-entered passageway and intake tunnel, intake tunnel is by seawer inlet pipeline (11), filter (2), transfer pump (3), pressure meter (4), thermometer (5), flowmeter (6), dosing mouth (7) consists of, gas-entered passageway is by Imported gas pipeline (8), compressor (9), rock gas pre-treater (10), pressure meter (12), thermometer (13), flowmeter (14) forms, and gas-entered passageway and intake tunnel meet at air and liquid mixer (15); The computer data acquiring device is by being arranged on pressure meter, thermometer, the flowmeter Real-Time Monitoring operating conditions on gas-entered passageway and the intake tunnel;
Hydrate generates and delivery unit, comprise and generate coil pipe import (21), hydrate generation coil pipe (20) hydrate slurry conveyance conduit (19) and play the passage that cyclone (22) connects and composes successively, hydrate generates coil pipe and is provided with pressure meter (17), thermometer (18), a computer data acquiring device (16) is by pressure meter, thermometer Real-Time Monitoring operating conditions; Generating the coil pipe import is the input end of this unit, links to each other with the output terminal of air and liquid mixer in the gas collection unit by pipeline; Play the output terminal that spinning is set to this unit, link to each other by the screw pump of pipeline with hydrate separation and resolving cell input end;
The decomposition of hydrate unit, comprise the first screw pump (34), knockout drum (35), the spiral shell pressure type water separator (38) that are communicated with successively, the second screw pump (39), decompose tank (40), decompose tank (40) and be provided with heat-exchanger rig (41), decompose tank (40) bottom one Jet injector (42) is set, Jet injector water transport pump, the water storage tank (45) outer with decomposing tank links to each other; The top of decomposing tank is connected with the first compressor (46), gas holder (47) second compressors (48), cyclone separator (49), treatment device (50) the 3rd compressor (51) successively; Pressure meter, thermometer are installed with pressure and temperature in the monitoring tank on knockout drum, decomposition tank and the gas holder; Computer data acquisition system (55) is carried out Treatment Analysis by pressure meter and thermometer image data, guarantees the normal operation of whole system;
Hydrate separation unit: comprise the first screw pump (34), knockout drum (35), the spiral shell pressure type water separator (52) that are communicated with successively, three screw pump (53) and hydrate forming unit (54) are equipped with pressure meter, thermometer with pressure and temperature in the monitoring tank on the knockout drum; Computer data acquisition system (55) is carried out Treatment Analysis by pressure meter and thermometer image data, guarantees the normal operation of whole system.
4. equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that, a dosing mouth is set before the water transport pump in the decomposition of hydrate unit.
5. equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described cyclone comprises conduit entrance (23), spiral hole (24), plays coil road (25), flange (26) and pipe outlet (27); Play coil (25) and be comprised of 3-6 the less pipe of internal diameter, playing coil is 5-20 ° with axial angle.
6. equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described cyclone comprises conduit entrance (28), spiral hole (29), dumping-guiding plate (30), flange (31) and pipe outlet (32) etc.; For dumping-guiding plate (30), it is arranged on the wall of pipe interior, and its long limit and tube wall are fixedly linked, and minor face radially points to conduit axis, and bond length is dumping-guiding plate height h, and scope is 20-50mm; Dumping-guiding plate evenly distributes at pipe interior, enter flow resistance and guarantee uniform inflow for reducing dumping-guiding plate, the dumping-guiding plate front portion is the straight section of 10-50cm, evenly be twisted into subsequently certain cornerite a, the scope of cornerite is 5 °-30 °, and for reducing resistance, the dumping-guiding plate leading edge is frustrated into obtuse, for avoiding streaming, the dumping-guiding plate trailing edge is processed into wing; When dumping-guiding plate is installed with etc. arc length or wait central angle evenly to be fixed on the tube wall, the number that dumping-guiding plate is installed is that 3-9 is individual.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN103254956A (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2013-08-21 | 常州大学 | Device for recycling vent natural gas by hydrate method |
| CN103672403A (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2014-03-26 | 常州大学 | Gas hydrate storage and transportation device |
| CN103991985A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-08-20 | 常州大学 | Hydrate-process seawater desalting device utilizing LNG (liquefied natural gas) gasifying cold energy and hydrate-process seawater desalting method utilizing LNG gasifying cold energy |
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| CN109772826B (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2021-07-27 | 常州大学 | Pipe cleaner special for removing blockage of natural gas pipeline hydrate |
| CN110345384A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-10-18 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of shale gas hydrate slurry rapid transport discharge mechanism and method |
| CN110345384B (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2024-03-26 | 西南石油大学 | Shale gas hydrate slurry rapid transferring and unloading device and method |
| CN111707801A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-25 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Device and method for testing generation of natural gas hydrate under simulated flow state |
| CN114427658A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2022-05-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | High-pressure condensate oil field natural gas gathering and transportation method, device and gathering and transportation system |
| CN114427658B (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2024-07-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Natural gas gathering and transportation method, device and gathering and transportation system for high-pressure condensate oil field |
| CN114186169A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-15 | 西南石油大学 | Method for evaluating conveying efficiency of natural gas gathering and transportation pipeline |
| CN114186169B (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-12-12 | 西南石油大学 | Natural gas gathering and transportation pipeline transportation efficiency evaluation method |
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