CN102925770B - Production method of oxidation-colored electrophoresis-painted aluminum alloy section bars - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention disclosed a production method of oxidation-colored electrophoresis-painted 2024 aluminum alloy section bars. The production method comprises the steps of aluminum ingot and other raw material preparation, aluminum alloy round ingot smelting and casting; casting and sawing; annealing treatment; extrusion molding, oxidation coloring treatment, electrophoresis painting treatment, baking, and the like. According to the invention, anodic oxidation treatment and electrophoresis painting methods are adopted, such that an anti-corrosion performance is improved. According to the invention, waste aluminum material is added into the raw materials, such that aluminum section bar property stability can be promoted, and the possibility of influences on aluminum section bar qualities caused by undetected materials appeared at molten aluminum smelting is reduced. Silicon carbide and modified fly ash are added, such that aluminum alloy strength and hardness are improved, and aluminum alloy comprehensive performance can be improved. The surface of the aluminum section bar is subjected to a plasma treatment, such that painting firmness is improved.
Description
Technical field
The production method that the present invention relates to a kind of heat-tinting electrophoretic painting 2024 aluminium alloy extrusions, belongs to aluminum alloy materials processing technique field.
Background technology
2024 aluminium alloys are the typical duralumin in Al-Cu-Mg, and its composition is more reasonable, and over-all properties is better.A lot of countries all produce this alloy, are consumption maximums in duralumin.The feature of this alloy is: intensity is high, has certain thermotolerance, can be used as 150 DEG C of following working parts.Temperature is higher than 125 DEG C, and going back of strength ratio 7075 alloys of 2024 alloys is high.Under hot state, annealing and new as-quenched condition, forming property is all relatively good, and heat treatment reinforcement effect is remarkable, is widely used in aircraft structure, rivet, truck hub, propeller element and other all structural parts.But it is poor that the alloy profile being processed into by 2024 aluminium alloys at present has erosion resistance, easily falls the shortcomings such as paint.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of production method of heat-tinting electrophoretic painting 2024 aluminium alloy extrusions is provided, improve the over-all properties of aluminium alloy extrusions.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The production method of heat-tinting electrophoretic painting 2024 aluminium alloy extrusions, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps such as aluminium ingot and other feed proportioning, melting and casting aluminum alloy round ingot, casting and sawing, anneal, extrusion molding, heat-tinting processing, electrophoretic painting, oven dry, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) aluminium ingot and other feed proportioning
By following raw materials in part by weight: aluminium section bar waste product and other aluminium scrap, 5-10 modified coal ash that 60-70 aluminium ingot, 30-40 reclaim carry out proportioning;
(2) melting and casting aluminum alloy round ingot
First by aluminium ingot, the aluminium section bar waste product reclaiming and other aluminium scrap drop into smelting furnace and carry out melting, in the time that it becomes molten state, add modified coal ash, make it uniformly dispersing, then drop into appropriate AlTiC grain-refining agent and carry out refining, by adding alloying element, make the wherein quality percentage composition of each element be: Si≤0.5%, Mg 1.2-1.8%, Fe≤0.50%, Cu≤3.8-4.9%, Mn 0.30-1.0%, Cr≤0.10%, Zn≤0.25%, Ti≤0.15%, other elements add up to≤0.15%, all the other are for Al is finally by degasification, skim the assorted slag in melt, gas is effectively removed,
(3) casting and sawing
Before casting, melted aluminium liquid is left standstill to 20-30 minute, aluminium liquid is entered to crystallizer by the relief hole of smelting furnace through aluminium groove, cast out needed aluminium billet and obtain model, be cooled to normal temperature, then as required the sawing of aluminium billet is become to certain length;
(4) anneal
After the sawing of aluminium billet, carry out homogenizing annealing processing, detailed process is as follows: be first warming up at 300-320 DEG C, insulation 2-3 hour, a 70-90 per hour DEG C intensification is heated to be incubated 6-8 hour at 520-550 DEG C, then air cooling, a 60-80 per hour DEG C intensification is heated to 360-380 DEG C again, and degree of insulation 5-6 hour; Be cooled to again at 150-180 DEG C and be incubated 3-4 hour;
(5) extrusion molding
Billet is heated to 450-460 DEG C, and insulation 2-3 hour, then utilizes extrusion machine by the round casting rod extrusion molding from mould heating, extrusion mould temperature 220-240 DEG C, extrusion speed 10-12 m/min; Air-cooled section bar surface temperature, after 110-130 DEG C, is put into 0-5 DEG C of water and is carried out quench treatment 1-2 minute, maintenance water temperature on the rocks wherein after water temperature raises; The last aluminium alloy extrusions having pushed that takes out from water carries out normal temperature alignment processing, at 120-130 DEG C, is incubated 3-4 hour;
(6) heat-tinting processing
First aluminium alloy extrusions is carried out to alkali cleaning processing, the sordid thing on surface is cleaned, then taking aluminium alloy extrusions as anode, be placed in electrolytic solution and switch on, anode produces Sauerstoffatom, Sauerstoffatom has very strong oxidisability, generates the Al of one deck excellent property at aluminium alloy section surface
2o
3protective layer, painted employing electrolytic colouring technology, is filled into Al by nickel ion
2o
3in protective layer, make oxide film show distinct colors; Finally adopt the cold hole-sealing technology of Ni2+, F-, by the fenestra pore closure of the porous oxide film generating after anodic oxidation, anti-pollution, the against corrosion and wear resisting property of oxide film is strengthened;
(7) electrophoretic painting
First low-temperature plasma jet processing is carried out in the surface of the aluminium alloy extrusions through anode oxidation coloration, then put it in electrophoresis chamber, energising makes epoxy resin be attached to Surface of profile;
(8) dry
The section bar that is painted with paint is fed into drying shed, dries 30-40 minute, temperature is 160-180 DEG C, obtains the present invention's 2024 aluminium alloy extrusions after oven dry.
Described modified coal ash is made up of following method: the flyash after calcination is successively placed in to 20-25% sulfuric acid, 16-24% sodium hydroxide solution successively, stir 20-22h, then the flyash leaching from soda acid immersion liquid, extremely neutral with deionized water rinsing, and test and determined with PH test paper, finally filter, dry, then, by flyash: wollastonite powder: ground dolomite weight ratio 1:0.3-0.5:0.5-0.8 sends three kinds of materials into 1050-1100 DEG C of roasting 1-1.5 hour in fluidized-bed, grind to form nanometer powder after cooling.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention adopts anodic oxidation treatment and electrophoretic painting method to improve its resistance to corrosion.
In feed proportioning of the present invention, add aluminium scrap material, because aluminium scrap material is through primary smelting, its stable components, increases aluminium scrap material in formula and is conducive to aluminium section bar stable performance therefore do not invent, and has reduced the possibility that occurs the Effect of Materials aluminium section bar quality that there is no detection when aluminium liquid is smelted; Adjust the usage ratio about composition in aluminium formula, further optimize filling a prescription, increased intensity and the hardness of aluminium alloy, be conducive to improve the over-all properties of aluminium alloy extrusions; The steps such as anneal, quench treatment, alignment processing, have increased the homogeneity of interior tissue and the refinement of crystal grain of aluminum, have greatly improved quality and the processing characteristics of aluminium alloy extrusions; Aluminium shape surface is carried out to Cement Composite Treated by Plasma, increased the stability of japanning.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is heat-tinting electrophoretic painting 2024 aluminium alloy extrusions production-line technique schemas.
Fig. 2 is heat-tinting treatment process process flow sheet.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with executing example, the invention will be further described, but be not limited to the following example.
Embodiment 1
(1) aluminium ingot and other feed proportioning
By following raw materials in part by weight: the aluminium section bar waste product of 70 parts of aluminium ingots, 30 parts of recovery and other aluminium scrap, 8 parts of modified coal ashs carry out proportioning;
(2) melting and casting aluminum alloy round ingot
First by aluminium ingot, the aluminium section bar waste product reclaiming and other aluminium scrap drop into smelting furnace and carry out melting, in the time that it becomes molten state, add modified coal ash, make it uniformly dispersing, then drop into appropriate AlTiC grain-refining agent and carry out refining, by adding alloying element, make the wherein quality percentage composition of each element be: Si≤0.5%, Mg 1.2-1.8%, Fe≤0.50%, Cu≤3.8-4.9%, Mn 0.30-1.0%, Cr≤0.10%, Zn≤0.25%, Ti≤0.15%, other elements add up to≤0.15%, all the other are for Al is finally by degasification, skim the assorted slag in melt, gas is effectively removed,
(3) casting and sawing
Before casting, melted aluminium liquid is left standstill to 25 minutes, aluminium liquid is entered to crystallizer by the relief hole of smelting furnace through aluminium groove, cast out needed aluminium billet and obtain model, be cooled to normal temperature, then as required the sawing of aluminium billet is become to certain length;
(4) anneal
After the sawing of aluminium billet, carry out homogenizing annealing processing, detailed process is as follows: be first warming up at 300 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, 70 DEG C of intensifications per hour are heated to be incubated 6 hours at 520 DEG C, then air cooling, then 80 DEG C of intensifications per hour are heated to 380 DEG C, and degree of insulation 5 hours; Be cooled to again at 180 DEG C and be incubated 3 hours;
(5) extrusion molding
Billet is heated to 450 DEG C, is incubated 3 hours, then utilize extrusion machine by the round casting rod extrusion molding from mould heating, 240 DEG C of extrusion mould temperature, 10 ms/min of extrusion speeds; After air-cooled section bar surface temperature to 120 DEG C, put into 0 DEG C of water and carry out quench treatment 2 minutes, water temperature maintenance water temperature on the rocks wherein after raising; The last aluminium alloy extrusions having pushed that takes out from water carries out normal temperature alignment processing, at 130 DEG C, is incubated 4 hours;
(6) heat-tinting processing
First aluminium alloy extrusions is carried out to alkali cleaning processing, the sordid thing on surface is cleaned, then taking aluminium alloy extrusions as anode, be placed in electrolytic solution and switch on, anode produces Sauerstoffatom, Sauerstoffatom has very strong oxidisability, generates the Al of one deck excellent property at aluminium alloy section surface
2o
3protective layer, painted employing electrolytic colouring technology, is filled into Al by nickel ion
2o
3in protective layer, make oxide film show distinct colors; Finally adopt the cold hole-sealing technology of Ni2+, F-, by the fenestra pore closure of the porous oxide film generating after anodic oxidation, anti-pollution, the against corrosion and wear resisting property of oxide film is strengthened;
(7) electrophoretic painting
First low-temperature plasma jet processing is carried out in the surface of the aluminium alloy extrusions through anode oxidation coloration, then put it in electrophoresis chamber, energising makes epoxy resin be attached to Surface of profile;
(8) dry
The section bar that is painted with paint is fed into drying shed, dries 30 minutes, temperature is 180 DEG C, obtains the present invention's 2024 aluminium alloy extrusions after oven dry.
Described modified coal ash is made up of following method: the flyash after calcination is successively placed in to 20-% sulfuric acid, 20% sodium hydroxide solution successively, stir 20 h, then the flyash leaching from soda acid immersion liquid, extremely neutral with deionized water rinsing, and determined with the test of PH test paper, finally filter, dry, then, by flyash: wollastonite powder: ground dolomite weight ratio 1:0.4:0.8 sends three kinds of materials in fluidized-bed 1100 DEG C of roastings 1 hour, grind to form nanometer powder after cooling.
After testing, product chemical composition is: Si 0.494%, Mg 1.618%, Fe 0.346%, Cu 4.315%, Mn 0.658%, Cr 0.077%, Zn 0.124%, Ti 0.113%, other elements add up to 0.125%, all the other are Al; Mechanical property is: tensile strength is 436MPa, and yield strength is 284MPa; Surface property is: the local thickness 21 μ m of single-piece, oxide film sealing quality 19 mg/dm
2, sand trial wear factor 542 g/ μ m, drop alkali test 123s.
Embodiment 2
(1) aluminium ingot and other feed proportioning
By following raw materials in part by weight: the aluminium section bar waste product of 60 parts of aluminium ingots, 40 parts of recovery and other aluminium scrap, 10 parts of modified coal ashs carry out proportioning;
(2) melting and casting aluminum alloy round ingot
First by aluminium ingot, the aluminium section bar waste product reclaiming and other aluminium scrap drop into smelting furnace and carry out melting, in the time that it becomes molten state, add modified coal ash, make it uniformly dispersing, then drop into appropriate AlTiC grain-refining agent and carry out refining, by adding alloying element, make, wherein the quality percentage composition of each element is: Si≤0.5%, Mg 1.2-1.8%, Fe≤0.50%, Cu≤3.8-4.9%, Mn 0.30-1.0%, Cr≤0.10%, Zn≤0.25%, Ti≤0.15%, other elements add up to≤0.15%, all the other are Al, finally by degasification, skim the assorted slag in melt, gas is effectively removed,
(3) casting and sawing
Before casting, melted aluminium liquid is left standstill to 30 minutes, aluminium liquid is entered to crystallizer by the relief hole of smelting furnace through aluminium groove, cast out needed aluminium billet and obtain model, be cooled to normal temperature, then as required the sawing of aluminium billet is become to certain length;
(4) anneal
After the sawing of aluminium billet, carry out homogenizing annealing processing, detailed process is as follows: be first warming up at 320 DEG C, be incubated 3 hours, 90 DEG C of intensifications per hour are heated to be incubated 8 hours at 550 DEG C, then air cooling, then 80 DEG C of intensifications per hour are heated to 380 DEG C, and degree of insulation 6 hours; Be cooled to again at 150 DEG C and be incubated 4 hours;
(5) extrusion molding
Billet is heated to 460 DEG C, is incubated 3 hours, then utilize extrusion machine by the round casting rod extrusion molding from mould heating, 240 DEG C of extrusion mould temperature, 12 ms/min of extrusion speeds; After air-cooled section bar surface temperature to 120 DEG C, put into 0 DEG C of water and carry out quench treatment 2 minutes, water temperature maintenance water temperature on the rocks wherein after raising; The last aluminium alloy extrusions having pushed that takes out from water carries out normal temperature alignment processing, at 120 DEG C, is incubated 4 hours;
(6) heat-tinting processing
First aluminium alloy extrusions is carried out to alkali cleaning processing, the sordid thing on surface is cleaned, then taking aluminium alloy extrusions as anode, be placed in electrolytic solution and switch on, anode produces Sauerstoffatom, Sauerstoffatom has very strong oxidisability, generates the Al of one deck excellent property at aluminium alloy section surface
2o
3protective layer, painted employing electrolytic colouring technology, is filled into Al by nickel ion
2o
3in protective layer, make oxide film show distinct colors; Finally adopt the cold hole-sealing technology of Ni2+, F-, by the fenestra pore closure of the porous oxide film generating after anodic oxidation, anti-pollution, the against corrosion and wear resisting property of oxide film is strengthened;
(7) electrophoretic painting
First low-temperature plasma jet processing is carried out in the surface of the aluminium alloy extrusions through anode oxidation coloration, then put it in electrophoresis chamber, energising makes epoxy resin be attached to Surface of profile;
(8) dry
The section bar that is painted with paint is fed into drying shed, dries 40 minutes, temperature is 180 DEG C, obtains the present invention's 2024 aluminium alloy extrusions after oven dry.
Described modified coal ash is made up of following method: the flyash after calcination is successively placed in to 20-% sulfuric acid, 20% sodium hydroxide solution successively, stir 20 h, then the flyash leaching from soda acid immersion liquid, extremely neutral with deionized water rinsing, and determined with the test of PH test paper, finally filter, dry, then, by flyash: wollastonite powder: ground dolomite weight ratio 1:0.4:0.8 sends three kinds of materials in fluidized-bed 1100 DEG C of roastings 1 hour, grind to form nanometer powder after cooling.
After testing, product chemical composition is: Si 0.431%, Mg 1.424%, Fe 0.326%, Cu 4.257%, Mn 0.542%, Cr 0.632%, Zn 0.212%, Ti 0.113%, other elements add up to 0.132%, all the other are Al; Mechanical property is: tensile strength is 442MPa, and yield strength is 302MPa; Surface property is: the local thickness 23 μ m of single-piece, oxide film sealing quality 20 mg/dm
2, sand trial wear factor 551 g/ μ m, drop alkali test 128s.
Claims (2)
1. the production method of heat-tinting electrophoretic painting aluminium alloy extrusions, it is characterized in that, the step that comprises aluminium ingot and other feed proportioning, melting and casting aluminum alloy round ingot, casting and sawing, anneal, extrusion molding, heat-tinting processing, electrophoretic painting, oven dry, concrete steps are as follows:
Aluminium ingot and other feed proportioning
By following raw materials in part by weight: aluminium section bar waste product and other aluminium scrap, 5-10 modified coal ash that 60-70 aluminium ingot, 30-40 reclaim carry out proportioning;
Melting and casting aluminum alloy round ingot
First by aluminium ingot, the aluminium section bar waste product reclaiming and other aluminium scrap drop into smelting furnace and carry out melting, in the time that it becomes molten state, add modified coal ash, make it uniformly dispersing, then drop into appropriate AlTiC grain-refining agent and carry out refining, by adding alloying element, make the wherein quality percentage composition of each element be: Si≤0.5%, Mg 1.2-1.8%, Fe≤0.50%, Cu≤3.8-4.9%, Mn 0.30-1.0%, Cr≤0.10%, Zn≤0.25%, Ti≤0.15%, other elements add up to≤0.15%, all the other are for Al is finally by degasification, skim the assorted slag in melt, gas is effectively removed,
Casting and sawing
Before casting, melted aluminium liquid is left standstill to 20-30 minute, aluminium liquid is entered to crystallizer by the relief hole of smelting furnace through aluminium groove, cast out needed aluminium billet and obtain model, be cooled to normal temperature, then as required the sawing of aluminium billet is become to certain length;
Anneal
After the sawing of aluminium billet, carry out homogenizing annealing processing, detailed process is as follows: be first warming up at 300-320 DEG C, insulation 2-3 hour, a 70-90 per hour DEG C intensification is heated to be incubated 6-8 hour at 520-550 DEG C, then air cooling, a 60-80 per hour DEG C intensification is heated to 360-380 DEG C again, and degree of insulation 5-6 hour; Be cooled to again at 150-180 DEG C and be incubated 3-4 hour;
Extrusion molding
Billet is heated to 450-460 DEG C, and insulation 2-3 hour, then utilizes extrusion machine by the round casting rod extrusion molding from mould heating, extrusion mould temperature 220-240 DEG C, extrusion speed 10-12 m/min; Air-cooled section bar surface temperature, after 110-130 DEG C, is put into 0-5 DEG C of water and is carried out quench treatment 1-2 minute, maintenance water temperature on the rocks wherein after water temperature raises; The last aluminium alloy extrusions having pushed that takes out from water carries out normal temperature alignment processing, at 120-130 DEG C, is incubated 3-4 hour;
Heat-tinting processing
First aluminium alloy extrusions is carried out to alkali cleaning processing, the sordid thing on surface is cleaned, then taking aluminium alloy extrusions as anode, be placed in electrolytic solution and switch on, anode produces Sauerstoffatom, Sauerstoffatom has very strong oxidisability, generates the Al of one deck excellent property at aluminium alloy section surface
2o
3protective layer, painted employing electrolytic colouring technology, is filled into Al by nickel ion
2o
3in protective layer, make oxide film show distinct colors; Finally adopt Ni
2+, F
-cold hole-sealing technology, by the fenestra pore closure of the porous oxide film generating after anodic oxidation, strengthens anti-pollution, the against corrosion and wear resisting property of oxide film;
(7) electrophoretic painting
First low-temperature plasma jet processing is carried out in the surface of the aluminium alloy extrusions through anode oxidation coloration, then put it in electrophoresis chamber, energising makes epoxy resin be attached to Surface of profile;
(8) dry
The section bar that is painted with paint is fed into drying shed, dries 30-40 minute, temperature is 160-180 DEG C, obtains 2024 aluminium alloy extrusions after oven dry.
2. the production method of heat-tinting electrophoretic painting aluminium alloy extrusions according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described modified coal ash is made up of following method: the flyash after calcination is successively placed in to 20-25% sulfuric acid successively, in 16-24% sodium hydroxide solution, stir 20-22h, then the flyash leaching from soda acid immersion liquid, extremely neutral with deionized water rinsing, and test and determined with pH test paper, finally filter, dry, then by flyash: wollastonite powder: ground dolomite weight ratio 1:0.3-0.5:0.5-0.8 sends three kinds of materials into 1050-1100 DEG C of roasting 1-1.5 hour in fluidized-bed, after cooling, grind to form nanometer powder.
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